EN 17289-1:2020
(Main)Characterization of bulk materials - Determination of a size-weighted fine fraction and crystalline silica content - Part 1: General information and choice of test methods
Characterization of bulk materials - Determination of a size-weighted fine fraction and crystalline silica content - Part 1: General information and choice of test methods
This document specifies the requirements and choice of test method for the determination of the size-weighted fine fraction (SWFF) and the size-weighted fine fraction of crystalline silica (SWFFCS) in bulk materials.
This document gives also guidance on the preparation of the sample and determination of crystalline silica by X-ray Powder Diffractometry (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR).
NOTE EN 17289-2 specifies a method to calculate the size-weighted fine fraction from a measured particle size distribution and assumes that the particle size distribution of the crystalline silica particles is the same as the other particles present in the bulk material. EN 17289-3 specifies a method using a liquid sedimentation technique to determine the size-weighted fine fraction of crystalline silica. Both methods are based upon a number of limitations and assumptions, which are listed in EN 17289-2 and EN 17289-3, respectively. The method in EN 17289-3 can also be used for other constituents than CS, if investigated and validated.
This document is applicable for crystalline silica containing bulk materials which have been fully investigated and validated for the evaluation of the size-weighted fine fraction and crystalline silica.
Charakterisierung von Schüttgütern - Bestimmung einer größengewichteten Feinfraktion und des Anteils an kristallinem Quarz - Teil 1: Allgemeine Information und Auswahl der Prüfverfahren
Dieses Dokument legt die Anforderungen und die Auswahl des Prüfverfahrens für die Bestimmung der größengewichteten Feinfraktion (SWFF) und der größengewichteten Feinfraktion von kristallinem Quarz (SWFFCS) in Schüttgütern fest.
Dieses Dokument gibt auch Hinweise zur Vorbereitung der Probe und zur Bestimmung von kristallinem Quarz durch Röntgenpulverdiffraktometrie (XRD) und Fourier-Transformations-Infrarotspektrometrie (FT IR).
ANMERKUNG EN 17289-2 legt ein Verfahren zur Berechnung der größengewichteten Feinfraktion aus einer gemessenen Partikelgrößenverteilung fest und geht davon aus, dass die Partikelgrößenverteilung der kristallinen Quarzpartikel die Gleiche ist wie die der anderen Partikel im Schüttgut. EN 17289-3 legt ein Verfahren fest, bei dem eine Sedimentationstechnik in Flüssigkeit zur Bestimmung der größengewichteten Feinfraktion von kristallinem Quarz verwendet wird. Beide Verfahren basieren auf einer Reihe von Einschränkungen und Annahmen, die in EN 17289- bzw. EN 17289-3 angegeben sind. Das Verfahren nach EN 17289-3 kann auch für andere Bestandteile als CS verwendet werden, wenn diese untersucht und validiert werden.
Dieses Dokument ist für kristallinen Quarz enthaltende Schüttgüter anwendbar, die zur Bewertung der größengewichteten Feinfraktion und des kristallinen Quarzes untersucht und validiert wurden.
Caractérisation des matériaux en vrac - Détermination de la fraction fine pondérée par taille et de la teneur en silice cristalline - Partie 1 : Informations générales et choix des méthodes d’essai
Le présent document spécifie les exigences et le choix d’une méthode d’essai pour la détermination de la fraction fine pondérée par taille (SWFF) et de la fraction fine de silice cristalline pondérée par taille (SWFFCS) dans des matériaux en vrac.
Le présent document donne également des recommandations relatives à la préparation de l’échantillon et au dosage de la silice cristalline par analyse de poudre par diffraction de rayons X (XRD) et par spectroscopie infrarouge à transformée de Fourier (FT-IR).
NOTE L’EN 17289-2 spécifie une méthode permettant de calculer la fraction fine pondérée par taille à partir d’une distribution granulométrique mesurée et part de l’hypothèse que la distribution granulométrique des particules de silice cristalline est identique à celle des autres particules présentes dans le matériau en vrac. L’EN 17289-3 spécifie une méthode utilisant une technique de sédimentation dans un liquide pour déterminer la fraction fine de silice cristalline pondérée par taille. Les deux méthodes sont fondées sur un certain nombre de limites et d’hypothèses, qui sont respectivement énumérées dans l’EN 17289-2 et l’EN 17289-3. La méthode décrite dans l’EN 17289-3 peut également être utilisée pour d’autres constituants que la silice cristalline, s’ils sont étudiés et validés.
Le présent document s’applique aux matériaux en vrac contenant de la silice cristalline, qui ont été entièrement étudiés et validés pour l’évaluation de la fraction fine pondérée par taille et de la silice cristalline.
Karakterizacija razsutih materialov - Določanje velikostno utežene fine frakcije in deleža kristaliničnega kremena - 1. del: Splošne informacije in izbira preskusnih metod
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2021
Karakterizacija razsutih materialov - Določanje velikostno utežene fine frakcije in
deleža kristaliničnega kremena - 1. del: Splošne informacije in izbira preskusnih
metod
Characterization of bulk materials - Determination of a size-weighted fine fraction and
crystalline silica content - Part 1: General information and choice of test methods
Charakterisierung von Schüttgütern - Bestimmung einer größengewichteten Feinfraktion
und des Anteils an kristallinem Quarz - Teil 1: Allgemeine Information und Auswahl der
Prüfverfahren
Caractérisation des matériaux en vrac - Détermination de la fraction fine pondérée par
taille et de la teneur en silice cristalline - Partie 1 : Informations générales et choix des
méthodes d’essai
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 17289-1:2020
ICS:
13.040.30 Kakovost zraka na delovnem Workplace atmospheres
mestu
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 17289-1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
December 2020
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.040.30
English Version
Characterization of bulk materials - Determination of a
size-weighted fine fraction and crystalline silica content -
Part 1: General information and choice of test methods
Caractérisation des matériaux en vrac - Détermination Charakterisierung von Schüttgütern - Bestimmung
de la fraction fine pondérée par taille et de la teneur en einer größengewichteten Feinfraktion und des Anteils
silice cristalline - Partie 1 : Informations générales et an kristallinem Quarz - Teil 1: Allgemeine Information
choix des méthodes d'essai und Auswahl der Prüfverfahren
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 October 2020.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 17289-1:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Symbols and abbreviations . 9
5 Test methods . 9
6 Guidelines for the determination of crystalline silica . 11
6.1 Preparation of sample to be analysed . 11
6.2 Sample preparation for further analysis by XRD and FT-IR . 11
7 Test report . 11
Annex A (informative) Bias and uncertainties . 13
A.1 General . 13
A.2 Bias between EN 481 and sedimentation SWFF probability function and influence of
density and mineral phase mass fraction . 13
A.3 Uncertainty . 16
Annex B (informative) Round robin test to establish a SWFF reference sample . 18
B.1 General . 18
B.2 Test material . 18
B.3 Evaluation and appraisal method . 19
B.4 Results . 20
Annex C (informative) Determination of crystalline silica in bulk samples using X-Ray
diffraction (XRD) or FT-IR spectroscopy . 23
C.1 General . 23
C.2 Preparation of bulk samples for determination of CS using XRD . 23
C.3 Preparation of bulk samples for determination of CS using FT-IR . 26
Annex D (informative) Calculating SWFF and SWFFCS from a given particle size distribution
using a spreadsheet . 29
D.1 Spreadsheet setup . 29
D.2 Example . 30
Bibliography . 33
European foreword
This document (EN 17289-1:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 137
“Assessment of workplace exposure to chemical and biological agents”, the secretariat of which is held
by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2021, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by June 2021.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Introduction
A method was developed in the industrial minerals industry for the purpose of determining the “size-
weighted relevant fine fraction” within the bulk material. This document sets out the methods
which can be used to measure and calculate the fine fraction of the bulk material and the fine fraction
of the crystalline silica, in several types of bulk materials. This information provides additional
information to users for their risk assessment and to compare bulk materials. It has been used
in the industry and by institutes previously under the acronym SWeRF. EN 17289 (all parts) is based
on that industrial method and specifies the analytical methods to determine the difference between
materials with coarse quartz and fine quartz, for example, sands versus flour.
As further activities with the material (intentional or otherwise) can change the particle size
distribution, the size-weighted fine fraction can also change. Therefore, the method reports (in terms of
the mass fraction in the bulk material in percent) both, the total crystalline silica (CS) and the estimated
size-weighted fine fraction of CS.
Conventions as specified in EN 481 [1] can be used as input for this document. However, the output
of this document is not related to the respirable fraction and cannot be used to replace workplace
exposure measurements.
EN 17289 (all parts) specifies two procedures that can be used to estimate the size-weighted fine
fraction (SWFF) in bulk materials. It also specifies how the SWFF, once separated, can be further
analysed to measure the content of crystalline silica (SWFFCS). The method can be used for comparing
the fine fraction in different bulk samples. EN 17289 (all parts) uses the term fine fraction to indicate
that it does not analyse airborne particles, but it evaluates the proportion of particles in a bulk material
that, based on their particle size, have a potential to be respirable if they were to become airborne.
EN 17289 (all parts) also allows for the size-weighted fine fraction of crystalline silica (SWFFCS)
particles in bulk materials to be evaluated in terms of mass fraction in percent, if the fraction separated
is subsequently analysed by a suitable method.
In a comparison of similar bulk materials, in which the particle size distribution is the only variable,
the SWFF can provide useful information to guide material selection. For example, leaving all other
factors aside, a bulk material with a lower SWFF value can pose less of a risk in terms of potential
occupational exposure. For the actual exposure at the workplace, the handling etc. of the material,
will play a major role.
Concentrations of respirable dust, or respirable crystalline silica (RCS), in the workplace air, resulting
from processing and handling of bulk materials, will depend on a wide variety of factors and these
concentrations cannot be estimated using SWFF or SWFFCS values. SWFF and SWFFCS values are not
intended for workplace exposure assessments as they have no direct relationship with occupational
exposure.
The evaluation of bulk materials using SWFF is complementary to determining the dustiness according
to EN 15051-1 [2].
The difference between EN 17289 (all parts) and EN 15051-1 is that SWFF quantifies the fine fraction in
a bulk material while dustiness quantifies the respirable, thoracic and inhalable dust made airborne
from the bulk material after a specific activity (dustiness characterizes the material with relation to the
workplace atmosphere when working with the bulk material).
EN 17289 Characterization of bulk materials — Determination of a size-weighted fine fraction
and crystalline silica content consists of the following parts:
— Part 1: General information and choice of test methods;
— Part 2: Calculation method;
— Part 3: Sedimentation method.
NOTE This document is intended for use by laboratory experts who are familiar with FT-IR, XRD methods,
PSD measurements and other analytical procedures. It is not the intention of this document to provide instruction
in the fundamental analytical techniques.
1 Scope
This document specifies the requirements and choice of test method for the determination of the size-
weighted fine fraction (SWFF) and the size-weighted fine fraction of crystalline silica (SWFFCS) in bulk
materials.
This document gives also guidance on the preparation of the sample and the determination of
crystalline silica by X-ray Powder Diffractometry (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
(FT-IR).
NOTE EN 17289-2 specifies a method to calculate the size-weighted fine fraction from a measured particle
size distribution and assumes that the particle size distribution of the crystalline silica particles is the same as the
other particles present in the bulk material. EN 17289-3 specifies a method using a liquid sedimentation
technique to determine the size-weighted fine fraction of crystalline silica. Both methods are based upon a
number of limitations and assumptions, which are listed in EN 17289-2 and EN 17289-3, respectively. The method
in EN 17289-3 can also be used for other constituents than CS, if investigated and validated.
This document is applicable for crystalline silica containing
...
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