EN 13557:2003
(Main)Cranes - Controls and control stations
Cranes - Controls and control stations
This European Standard specifies health and safety design requirements for controls and control stations for all types of crane.
NOTE 1 Control systems are covered by other standards e.g. EN 60204-32, prEN 13135-1 and prEN 13135-2.
Annex C provides additional value to the requirements for cableless control systems as specified in EN 60204-32.
NOTE 2 Annex C will be deleted after WG 3 agreed to introduce it into their document prEN 13135-1.
NOTE 3 Specific requirements for particular types of crane are given in the appropriate European Standard for the particular crane type.
This standard does not deal with noise hazards because these are dealt with in safety standards for specific types of cranes. It also does not address the design of the cabin with regard to its sound insulation properties.
This European Standard covers specific hazards which could occur during the use of controls and control stations. It does not cover hazards which could occur during transport, construction, commissioning, modification, maintenance, de-commissioning or disposal.
The hazards covered by this standard are identified in clause 4.
This European Standard is applicable after the date of approval by CEN of this standard.
Krane - Stellteile und Steuerstände
Diese Europäische Norm legt Gesundheits- und Sicherheitsanforderungen an die Gestaltung von in allen Kranarten eingebauten Stellteilen und Steuerständen fest.
ANMERKUNG 1 Steuerungssysteme sind in anderen Normen behandelt wie z. B. EN 60204-32, EN 13135-1 und prEN 13135-2.
Anhang C legt ergänzende Anforderungen für kabellose Steuerungen zu denen in EN 60204-32 fest.
ANMERKUNG 2 Anhang C entfällt, wenn die WG 3 zustimmt, ihn in das Dokument EN 13135-1 zu übernehmen.
ANMERKUNG 3 Besondere Anforderungen für einzelne Kranarten sind in den entsprechenden Normen für die einzelnen Kranarten angegeben.
Diese Norm behandelt nicht Gefährdungen durch Lärm, da diese in Sicherheitsnormen für spezifische Kranarten behandelt sind. Sie behandelt gleichfalls nicht die Konstruktion des Führerhauses hinsichtlich der Schallisolierungseigenschaften.
Diese Europäische Norm behandelt spezifische Gefährdungen, die während der Benutzung von Stellteilen und Steuerständen entstehen könnten. Sie behandelt nicht Gefährdungen, die während Transport, Bau, Inbetriebnahme, Änderung, Instandhaltung, Außerbetriebnahme oder Entsorgung auftreten könnten.
Die in dieser Norm behandelten Gefährdungen sind in Abschnitt 4 angegeben.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt nach dem Datum der Annahme dieser Norm durch das CEN.
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Commandes et postes de commande
La présente norme européenne spécifie les prescriptions de sécurité et de santé relatives à la conception des commandes et des postes de conduite pour tous types d'appareils de levage à charge suspendue.
NOTE 1 Les systèmes de commande font l'objet d'autres normes, par exemple l'EN 60204-32, le prEN 13135-1 et le prEN 13135-2.
L'Annexe C augmente les prescriptions qui s'appliquent aux systèmes de commande sans câble spécifiés dans l'EN 60204 32.
NOTE 2 L'Annexe C sera supprimée lorsque le GT 3 l'aura introduite dans le prEN 13135 1.
NOTE 3 Les prescriptions particulières pour des types particuliers d'appareils de levage à charge suspendue sont données dans les normes européennes appropriées aux types d'appareil de levage à charge suspendue particuliers.
La présente norme ne traite pas des dangers liés au bruit, qui font l'objet de normes de sécurité pour des types spécifiques d'appareils de levage à charge suspendue. Elle ne traite pas non plus de la conception de la cabine du point de vue de l'isolation phonique.
La présente norme européenne couvre les phénomènes dangereux spécifiques qui peuvent survenir durant l'utilisation de commandes et de postes de conduite. Elle ne couvre pas les risques qui peuvent survenir durant le transport, la construction, la mise en service, la modification, la maintenance, la mise hors service ou au rebut.
Les phénomènes dangereux couverts par la présente norme sont identifiés à l'article 4.
La présente norme européenne est applicable à partir de la date à laquelle le CEN a approuvé cette norme.
Dvigala (žerjavi) – Upravljala in upravljalna mesta
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 13557:2004
01-junij-2004
Dvigala (žerjavi) – Upravljala in upravljalna mesta
Cranes - Controls and control stations
Krane - Stellteile und Steuerstände
Appareils de levage a charge suspendue - Commandes et postes de commande
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13557:2003
ICS:
53.020.20 Dvigala Cranes
SIST EN 13557:2004 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 13557:2004
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SIST EN 13557:2004
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 13557
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
November 2003
ICS 53.020.20
English version
Cranes - Controls and control stations
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Commandes et Krane - Stellteile und Steuerstände
postes de commande
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 September 2003.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2003 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13557:2003 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 13557:2004
EN 13557:2003 (E)
Contents
page
Foreword.3
Introduction .4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Definitions.6
4 Significant hazards .7
5 Safety requirements and/or measures .11
5.1 Controls .11
5.2 Control stations.12
6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or measures .17
7 Information for use .21
Annex A (informative) Operative temperature and globe temperature.22
A.1 Operative temperature.22
A.2 Globe temperature .22
Annex B (informative) List of existing design rules for cranes which cover structural design of control
stations .23
Annex C (normative) Additional requirements for cableless controls and control systems.24
C.1 General.24
C.2 Control limitation .24
C.3 Stop .24
C.4 Serial data communication .25
C.5 Use of more than one operator control station .25
C.6 Battery-powered operator control stations.25
C.7 Receiver .25
C.8 Warnings.25
C.9 Information for use .25
Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requirements or other
provisions of EC Directives. .26
Bibliography .27
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EN 13557:2003 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN 13557:2003) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN /TC 147, "Cranes - Safety", the
secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or
by endorsement, at the latest by May 2004, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by
May 2004.
Annexes A and B are informative. Annex C is normative.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European
Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,
Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
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EN 13557:2003 (E)
Introduction
This European Standard has been prepared to be a harmonised standard to provide one means for crane controls
and control stations to conform with the relevant essential health and safety requirements of the Machinery
Directive 98/37/EC.
This European Standard is a type C standard as stated in EN 1070.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are
indicated in the scope of this standard.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type B standard, the provisions
of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been
designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard.
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SIST EN 13557:2004
EN 13557:2003 (E)
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies health and safety design requirements for controls and control stations for all types
of crane.
NOTE 1 Control systems are covered by other standards e.g. EN 60204-32, EN 13135-1 and prEN 13135-2.
Annex C provides additional value to the requirements for cableless control systems as specified in EN 60204-32.
NOTE 2 Annex C will be deleted after WG 3 agreed to introduce it into their document EN 13135-1.
NOTE 3 Specific requirements for particular types of crane are given in the appropriate European Standard for the particular
crane type.
This standard does not deal with noise hazards because these are dealt with in safety standards for specific types
of cranes. It also does not address the design of the cabin with regard to its sound insulation properties.
This European Standard covers specific hazards which could occur during the use of controls and control stations. It
does not cover hazards which could occur during transport, construction, commissioning, modification, maintenance,
de-commissioning or disposal.
The hazards covered by this standard are identified in clause 4.
This European Standard is applicable after the date of approval by CEN of this standard.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For
dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European
Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the
publication referred to applies (including amendments).
EN 292-1:1991, Safety of machinery – Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 1: Basic terminology,
methodology
EN 292-2:1991, Safety of machinery – Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 2: Technical principles
and specifications
EN 418, Safety of machinery - Emergency stop equipment, functional aspects - Principles for design
EN 954-1:1996, Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems - Part 1: General principles for design
EN 1070:1998, Safety of machinery – Terminology
EN ISO 5353 :1998, Earth-moving machinery and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry - Seat index point
(ISO 5353:1995)
EN 60068-2-27, Basic environmental testing procedures - Part 2: Tests; test Ea and guidance: Shock (IEC 60068-2-
27:1987)
EN 60068-2-32, Basic environmental testing procedures – Part 2: Tests; test Ed: Free fall (IEC 60068-2-32:1975)
EN 60068-2-64, Environmental testing - Part 2: Test methods; test Fh. Vibration, broad-band random (digital control)
and guidance (IEC 60068-2-64:1993)
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SIST EN 13557:2004
EN 13557:2003 (E)
EN 60204-32:1998, Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 32: Requirements for hoisting
machines (IEC 60204-32:1998)
ISO 5006-1:1991, Earth-moving machinery - Operator's field of view - Part 1: Test method
ISO 11112:1995, Earth-moving machinery – Operator’s seat - Dimensions and requirements
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard, the definitions given in EN 1070: 1998, EN 60204-32:1998 and the
following apply:
3.1
address code
number which is used by the receiver to differentiate the frames sent by its respective transmitter
NOTE The receiver only carries out the commands received from a transmitter having the same address code.
3.2
cabin
control station with protective enclosure
3.4
cableless control
means by which the crane driver's commands are transmitted without any physical connection for at least a part of
the distance between the console and the crane
3.5
console
fixed or moveable arrangement of controls
3.6
control
actuating device which forms an interface between the crane driver and a crane control system
3.7
control station
permanent position of controls on or off the crane
3.8
error detection code
number added to each frame to enable the receiver to detect transmission errors
NOTE The receiver re-defines the error detection code using similar algorithm as is used in the transmitter. The commands
are only carried out if the error detection code so defined by the receiver is identical to the error detection code it received with
the frame.
3.9
frame
“package” of bits which the transmitter sends to the receiver, for example:
a) address code;
b) operating command signals;
c) other control signals;
d) error detection (and correction) code.
NOTE The frame is formed out of the above mentioned parts by coding them into a serial form. After this coding the frame
is sent to a circuit called a modulator which transforms it into a suitable form for sending.
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3.10
hamming distance
number of positions in which two code words of the same length differ from each other
(IEC/TR3 60870-1-3)
3.11
hatch
aperture fitted with a cover and used for access purposes
3.12
operating command
control signal which is intended to initiate, modify or maintain a crane function / movement
3.13
operative temperature (t )
0
uniform temperature of an imaginary black enclosure in which an occupant would exchange the same amount of
heat by radiation plus convection as in the actual non-uniform environment (see annex A)
3.14
receiver
part of a cable-less control system which receives the commands from the transmitter
3.15
transmitter
part of a cable-less control system which sends the crane driver's commands to the receiver
4 Significant hazards
Table 1 contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt with in this
standard, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machinery and which require action to
eliminate or reduce the risk.
NOTE Numbering of hazards follows annex A of EN 1050 : 1996.
Table 1 — List of significant hazards and associated requirements
N° Hazards EN 292-1 : 1991 EN 292-2 : Annex A of Relevant
1991 clause(s) in
EN 292-2:1991
this standard
A1 : 1995
1 Mechanical hazards
1.1 Generated by machine parts of 4.2 3.1, 3.2, 4 1.3
workpieces caused, for example, by
1.1.1 Shape 5.2.1.9,
5.2.2.3.1.5 / 6
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Table 1 — List of significant hazards and associated requirements (Continued)
N° Hazards EN 292-1 : 1991 EN 292-2 : Annex A of Relevant
1991 clause(s) in
EN 292-2:1991
this standard
A1 : 1995
1.1.5 Inadequacy of mechanical strength 5.2.1.4 / 5 / 8
5.2.2.2.1 / 3
5.2.2.2.2,
5.2.2.2.4,
5.2.3.1.4
1.3 Elementary forms of mechanical 4.2 1.3
hazards
1.3.1 Crushing hazard 5.2.2.3.1.1,
1.3.3 Cutting or severing hazard 5.2.1.9
1.4 Entanglement 5.2.2.3.1.10
1.6 Impact hazard 5.2.2.2.5,
5.2.2.3.1.7
2 Electrical hazards
2.1 Contact of persons with live parts 4.3 3.9, 6.2.2 1.5.1, 1.6.3 5.2.1.10,
(direct contact) 5.1.8
2.2 Contact of persons with live parts 4.3 3.9 1.5.1 5.2.1.10,
(indirect contact) 5.1.8
3 Thermal hazards
3.1 Burns and scalds by contact with 4.4 1.5.5, 1.5.6,5.1.5
objects/materials with an extreme 1.5.7
temperature
3.2 Health damaging effects by hot or 4.4 1.5.5 5.2.2.6,
cold environment 5.2.2.6.3
7 Hazards generated by materials
and substances processed
7.1 Hazards from contact with or 4.8 3.3b, 3.4 1.1.3, 1.5.13, 5.2.2.6.4
inhalation of harmful fluids, gases, 1.6.5
mists, fumes and dusts
7.2 Fire or explosion hazard 4.8 3.4 1.5.6, 1.5.7 5.2.2.3.2.1
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Table 1 — List of significant hazards and associated requirements (Continued)
N° Hazards EN 292-1 : 1991 EN 292-2 : Annex A of Relevant
1991 clause(s) in
EN 292-2:1991
this standard
A1 : 1995
8 Hazards generated by neglecting
ergonomic principles in machinery
design as, e.g. hazards from :
8.1 Unhealthy postures or excessive 4.9 3.6.1, 6.2.1,1.1.2d, 1.1.5,5.1.3, 5.1.4,
effort 6.2.3, 6.2.4, 1.6.2, 1.6.4 5.1.9, 5.2.1.2,
6.2.6 5.2.1.3,
5.2.2.5,
5.2.2.3.1.8
5.2.3.1.4,
5.2.3.2.4
8.2 Inadequate consideration of hand- 4.9 3.6.2 1.1.2d, 2.2 5.1.4, 5.2.2.5,
arm or foot-leg anatomy 5.2.2.3.1.2
8.6 Human error, human behaviour 3.6, 3.7.8,1.1.2d, 1.2.2,5.1.2, 5.1.3,
3.7.9, 6.1.1 1.2.5, 5.2.3.1.1,
1.2.8,1.5.4, 1.7 5.2.3.1.2,
5.2.3.2.1, C1
8.7 Inadequate design, location or 3.6.6, 3.7.8 1.2.2 5.1.3,
identification of manual controls 5.2.3.1.1,
5.2.3.1.2,
5.2.3.2.1,
5.2.3.2.3
10 Unexpected start-up unexpected
overrun/overspeed
10.1 Failure/disorder of control system 3.7, 6.2.2 1.2.7, 1.6.3 5.2.3.1.2,
5.2.3.1.5,
5.2.3.2.2, C1
10.2 Restoration of energy supply after an 3.7.2 1.2.6 C2
interruption
10.3 External influences on electrical 3.7.11 1.2.1, 1.5.11,C2
equipment 4.1.2.8
10.4 Other external influences (gravity 3.7.3 1.2.1 C7
wind etc)
10.5 Errors in the software 3.7.7 1.2.1 C2, C3, C4
11 Impossibility of stopping machine 3.7, 3.7.11.2.4, 1.2.6, 5.1.7, C3
in the best possible conditions 6.1.1 1.2.7
13 Failure of the power supply 3.7, 3,7.2 1.2.6 5.2.3.2.5, C2
14 Failure of the control circuit 3.7, 6.2.2 1.2.1,1.2.3, 5.2.3.1.2,
1.2.4, 1.2.5, 5.2.3.2.2,
1.2.7, 1.6.3 5.2.3.2.5, C6,
C7
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Table 1 — List of significant hazards and associated requirements (Concluded)
N° Hazards EN 292-1 : 1991 EN 292-2 : Annex A of Relevant
1991 clause(s) in
EN 292-2:1991
this standard
A1 : 1995
19 Slip, trip and fall of persons 4.2.3 6.2.4 1.5.15 5.2.1.6,
(related to machinery) 5.2.1.7,
5.2.2.3,
5.2.2.4
20 Additional hazards due to mobility
20.4 Excessive speed of pedestrian 3.3.4 5.1.9
controlled machinery
20.6 Insufficient ability of machine to be 3.3.3, 3.3.5 5.1.6, 5.1.7,
stopped, immobilised C3
21 Additional hazards linked to the
work position (including driving
station) on the machine
21.2 Exhaust gases/lack of oxygen at the 3.2.1 5.2.2.6.1,
work position 5.2.2.6.4
21.5 Insufficient visibility from the work 3.2.1 5.2.1.1,
position 5.2.2.1,
5.2.2.2.2,
5.2.2.2.6,
5.2.2.2.7
21.10 Insufficient means for 3.2.1 5.2.2.3.2,
evacuation/emergency exit 5.2.3.2.3,
5.2.2.3.1.3,
5.2.2.3.1.4
25 From / to third parties
25.1 Unauthorised start up / use 3.3.2 5.1.6, C2
25.3 Lack or inadequacy of visual or 1.7.4, 3.6.1 5.2.3.1.3, C8
acoustic warning means
26 Insufficient instructions for the 3.6 5.2.3.1, 5.1.2,
driver / operator
5.1.3, C.2.1,
C8, C9
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5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures
5.1 Controls
5.1.1 General
Controls and control stations shall conform to the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this clause. In
addition, controls and control stations shall be designed according to the principles of EN 292, for hazards relevant but
not significant which are not dealt with by this standard.
5.1.2 The direction of movement of control levers shall whenever possible be consistent with crane motion.
Symbols shall be fixed in such positions that there is a clear and unambiguous relationship between the movement
of the control lever in the control station and the corresponding direction of motion. Controls for crane movements,
when released, shall automatically return to the “off” position. An exception to this is the “stop” control.
5.1.3 The arrangement of the controls for a particular crane type shall be as specified in the appropriate
European Standards for particular crane types. The logic of the control arrangement shall be the same at each
control station associated with operating the crane.
5.1.4 The force required to actuate the control levers shall be between the following figures :
— forwards or backwards : between 5 N and 60 N;
— sideways, to the left or to the right: between 5 N and 20 N. A maximum actuating force of 40 N can be
accepted for levers at control stations which are subjected to substantial accelerations.
For the pedals, the force shall not exceed the following maximum values:
— pedals actuated by a movement of the ankle : 50 N;
— pedals actuated by a movement of the leg: 100 N.
For push-buttons actuated by finger or thumb, the force shall not exceed a value of 10 N, except for
— double-action push-buttons ( in this case the force to maintain the “on”-position shall not exceed 10 N );
— emergency push-buttons;
— button for direct control of power.
For push-buttons actuated by the foot the force shall not exceed a value of 100 N.
The maximum force required to operate hand-driven movements shall not exceed the following figures:
— vertical force on a hauling chain: 250 N;
— horizontal force when pushing against or hauling on the load: 250 N;
— force applied to the handle of a crank or hand-wheel: 150 N;
— force applied to a lever with horizontal movement: 250 N.
5.1.5 The temperature of controls, as generated by the crane's operation, shall not exceed 43 °C.
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5.1.6 In order to prevent unintended movement of a crane motion, the motion shall only be able to be initiated
from the neutral position of the control. Where this is not practicable, other means shall be provided as specified in
the European Standards for particular crane types.
5.1.7 The stop actuator installed on the control station, to avert actual or impending danger, shall be in
accordance with the specification for emergency stop actuators given in EN 418.
5.1.8 Protection against electric shock for direct or indirect contact shall be as specified in clause 6 of EN 60204-
32:1998.
5.1.9 For cranes where the crane driver has to follow, on foot, the movement of the crane control or its load, the
speed of the travel motions shall be limited to:
a) For one speed control: 1,0 m/s max;
b) For two speeds or more including stepless: No limitation, provided that the slowest selectable speed is 0,75
m/s or less.
5.2 Control stations
5.2.1 General
5.2.1.1 The crane driver's view, when in the prescribed driving position, shall enable the driver to monitor the
movement of the crane and its load.
5.2.1.2 Control station dimensions shall be commensurate with the type of work and the length of continuous
working periods of the crane driver. Minimum dimensions to permit ergonomically good working conditions and
movements for the crane driver shall be as specified in the European Standards for particular crane types.
5.2.1.3 Those parts of the control station where no seat is provided, or where the crane driver is required to
work in a standing position, shall have a minimum free standing height of 2 m.
5.2.1.4 Where vibration damping elements are also used as mountings for a control station, means shall be
provided to prevent detachment of the control station in the event of failure of the damping elements.
5.2.1.5 Fixings used for mounting the control station shall be of a type which prevent unintentional loosening.
5.2.1.6 All standing areas shall be free of tripping hazards.
5.2.1.7 All standing and walking areas shall be slip resistant.
5.2.1.8 The strength of all parts of control stations and their supporting structure shall be considered as part of
the crane structural design.
NOTE See annex B.
The rated capacity of the elevating control station shall include :
— at least 80 kg for each person;
— at least 40 kg of personal equipment for each person;
— tools and equipment other than personal equipment.
The minimum rated capacity shall be 150 kg.
5.2.1.9 The control station shall be free of projecting parts. Edges shall have radii (minimum 2 mm) or be
chamfered (minimum 2 mm x 2 mm).
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5.2.1.10 Protection against electric shock for direct or indirect contact shall be as specified in clause 6 of
EN 60204-32:1998.
5.2.2 Cabins
5.2.2.1 General
The cabin shall include provision for reducing the effects of glare and reflections.
5.2.2.2 Windows
5.2.2.2.1 Each floor window shall be fitted with a grid or be designed for loading (e.g. heavy duty safety floor
windows fitted with multi-layered laminated glass). When the window can be opened, protective means against
falling through shall be provided.
5.2.2.2.2 Floor grids shall:
a) not be supported by the window;
b) allow cleaning of the window.
NOTE The design of the grid should be such that its affect on the crane driver's view is minimised.
5.2.2.2.3 Any wall window shall
a) be able to withstand without failure the application of 1,25 kN applied at 90° to any 500 mm² area of the
window and its mounting or
b) be provided with protection up to a minimum height of 1 m from the cabin floor level.
- Where the protection is by means of horizontal bars, these shall have spaces between the bars not exceeding
0,4 m and the height between the cabin and the lowest bar shall not exceed 0,25 m.
- Where the protection is by means of vertical bars, these shall have spaces between the bars not exceeding
0,3 m.
NOTE Vertical positioning of protective bars is known to cause less obstruction to the vision of crane drivers.
5.2.2.2.4 When using glass for windows it shall be tempered (toughened) and/or laminated glass.
5.2.2.2.5 Windows that open shall be provided with a means to secure them in the closed and designated
opening positions.
5.2.2.2.6 Means shall be provided to clear the external surfaces of the windows.
NOTE Specific requirements are given in the appropriate European Standard for the particular crane type.
5.2.2.2.7 Glazing material shall be capable of maintaining its transparency when cleaned.
5.2.2.3 Entrance and exit
5.2.2.3.1 Normal entrance and exit
5.2.2.3.1.1 Any doors provided shall include a means to secure them in the closed and the designated opening
positions.
5.2.2.3.1.2 If the cabin is located more than 1 m above ground level, at their designated entering / leaving
position(s) the door of the cabin shall give access to a platform or walkway.
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5.2.2.3.1.3 Doors shall always be able to be opened from the inside whether locked or not.
5.2.2.3.1.4 The minimum dimensions for effective door apertures for use in an upright posture shall be 0,6 m
width by 1,9 m height. For apertures for use in other postures, the dimensions may be specified in European Standards
for particular crane types.
5.2.2.3.1.5 The minimum dimensions for effective hatch apertures shall be 0,6 m x 0,6 m, or 0,5 m x 0,65 m, or
0,6 m diameter unless otherwise specified in European Standards for particular crane types.
5.2.2.3.1.6 Where entrance is provided by a hatch in the floor, a minimum standing area of 0,4 m x 0,3 m shall be
provided inside the cabin for each person expected to occupy the cabin when the hatch is in the open position.
5.2.2.3.1.7 Hatches shall be capable of only being opened against gravity and shall be self closing e.g. by gravity.
5.2.2.3.1.8 The force necessary to open a hatch shall not exceed 135 N.
5.2.2.3.1.9 Provisions shall be made to provide simultaneous three point support ( two hands and one foot, or two
feet and one hand ) while entering/leaving the cabin through a hatch.
5.2.2.3.1.10 Drivers seat or other permanent equipment in the cabin shall not prevent the hatch from being
opened.
5.2.2.3.2 Emergency exit
5.2.2.3.2.1 If there is a risk of the normal exit becoming unusable (e.g. by a fire in the machinery room or
overturning) in a manner that can block the normal exit, a means of escape in another direction shall be provided.
5.2.2.3.2.2 Emergency exits shall be capable of being secured in the fully open position.
5.2.2.3.2.3 The minimum dimensions for emergency exit effective apertures shall be those specified in clause
5.2.2.3.1.5.
5.2.2.4 Roof
Where a cabin roof including any windows / hatches is expected to be used as a platform e.g. for maintenance,
inspection, emergency escape, the roof shall be designed for that purpose.
5.2.2.5 Crane driver's seat
The cabin shall be provided with an adjustable seat
a) having dimensions in accordance with ISO 11112;
b) provided with adjustments to accommodate the crane driver's size, achievable without the use of any tool.
NOTE For vibration reasons, an adjustment for the crane driver’s weight can be necessary for certain crane type(s)/use.
5.2.2.6 Cabin climate
5.2.2.6.1 The cabin shall be provided with ventilation facilities.
NOTE This may be by natural ( opening windows ) and/or mechanical means.
5.2.2.6.2 Within the limits of external climatic conditions given by the manufacturer in his instructions the
following requirements shall be fulfilled:
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a) It shall be possible to attain an operative temperature of more than t = 18 °C in the working area of the
o
crane driver, and a maximum operative
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