prEN ISO 23125-1
(Main)Machine tools safety - Turning machines - Part 1: Safety requirements (ISO/DIS 23125-1:2025)
Machine tools safety - Turning machines - Part 1: Safety requirements (ISO/DIS 23125-1:2025)
Werkzeugmaschinen-Sicherheit - Drehmaschinen - Teil 1: Sicherheitsanforderungen (ISO/DIS 23125-1:2025)
Diese Internationale Norm legt Anforderungen und/oder Maßnahmen zur Beseitigung von Gefährdungen oder zur Begrenzung von Risiken für die folgenden Bauarten von Drehmaschinen und Drehzentren, die vorzugsweise für die Kaltbearbeitung von Metall bestimmt sind, fest.
— Bauart 1: Handgesteuerte Drehmaschine ohne numerische Steuerung
— Bauart 2: Handgesteuerte Drehmaschinen mit begrenzten numerischen Steuerungsfähigkeiten
— Bauart 3: Numerisch gesteuerte Drehmaschinen und Drehzentren
— Bauart 4: Einzel- oder Multispindel-Drehautomaten
ANMERKUNG 1 Für eine detaillierte Information über die Maschinenbauarten siehe Definitionen in 3.5, für Merkmale und Einschränkungen siehe 5.1.1 und für obligatorische und optionale Betriebsarten siehe 5.1.2.1.
ANMERKUNG 2 Anforderungen in dieser Internationalen Norm sind im Allgemeinen für alle Drehmaschinenbauarten anwendbar. Wenn Anforderungen nur für (eine) bestimmte Bauart(en) von Drehmaschinen anwendbar sind, werden (wird) diese bestimmte Bauart(en) von Drehmaschinen festgelegt.
ANMERKUNG 3 Der automatische Austausch von Spannzeugen werden in dieser Norm nicht berücksichtigt.
Diese Internationale Norm berücksichtigt die bestimmungsgemäße Verwendung, einschließlich vernünftigerweise vorhersehbaren Fehlgebrauch, Wartung, Reinigung und Einrichtvorgängen. Sie legt Zugangsbedingungen zu Arbeitsplätzen und zu manuellen Be‑/Entladestationen fest. Sie geht von der Zugänglichkeit zur Maschine aus allen Richtungen aus. Sie beschreibt Mittel zur Verringerung der Risiken für Bediener und andere exponierte Personen.
Diese Internationale Norm gilt auch für Werkstücktransportvorrichtungen einschließlich Transportvorrichtungen zum Be- und Entladen, wenn sie integraler Bestandteil der Maschine sind.
Diese Internationale Norm behandelt signifikante Gefährdungen, die bei der bestimmungsgemäßen Verwendung von Drehmaschinen und unter den vom Hersteller vorhergesehenen Bedingungen auftreten können (siehe 4).
Die Risikoanalysen von Gefährdungen, die durch andere Metallbearbeitungsprozesse entstehen (z. B. Schleifen, Fräsen, Reibschweißen, Umformen, Elektroerosion, Laserbearbeitung), werden durch andere Normen abgedeckt (siehe Literaturhinweise). Wenn zusätzliche Fräs- oder Schleifvorgänge bereitgestellt werden, muss eine Gefährdung, die aus zusätzlicher Spannung und Aufbau der Teile entsteht, berücksichtigt werden.
Diese Internationale Norm gilt auch für Maschinen, die in eine automatische Fertigungslinie oder Drehzelle integriert sind, wenn die auftretenden Gefährdungen und Risiken mit denen von separat arbeitenden Maschinen vergleichbar sind.
Diese Internationale Norm enthält ebenfalls eine Liste der sicherheitsrelevanten Informationen, die der Hersteller dem Betreiber mindestens zur Verfügung stellen muss. Siehe auch ISO 12100:2010, Bild 2, welches das Zusammenspiel der jeweiligen Verantwortlichkeit des Herstellers und des Betreibers hinsichtlich der Betriebssicherheit darstellt.
Die Verantwortung des Betreibers ist es, bestimmte Gefährdungen (z. B. Feuer und Explosion) zu erkennen und die daraus resultierenden Risiken herabzusenken kann ausschlaggebend sein (z. B. bei der Frage, ob die zentrale Abzugsanlage ordnungsgemäß funktioniert).
Diese Internationale Norm gilt für Maschinen, die nach dem Ausgabedatum dieser Norm hergestellt wurden.
Sécurité des machines outils - Machines de tournage - Partie 1: Exigences de sécurité (ISO/DIS 23125-1:2025)
Varnost obdelovalnih strojev - Stružnice - 1. del: Varnost (ISO/DIS 23125-1:2023)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-oktober-2023
Nadomešča:
SIST EN ISO 23125:2015
Obdelovalni stroji - Stružnice - 1. del: Varnost (ISO/DIS 23125-1:2023)
Machine tools safety - Turning machines - Part 1: Safety requirements (ISO/DIS 23125-
1:2023)
Werkzeugmaschinen - Sicherheit - Drehmaschinen (ISO/DIS 23125-1:2023)
Sécurité des machines outils - Machines de tournage - Partie 1: Exigences de sécurité
(ISO/DIS 23125-1:2023)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 23125-1
ICS:
13.110 Varnost strojev Safety of machinery
25.080.10 Stružnice Lathes
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 23125-1
ISO/TC 39/SC 10 Secretariat: SNV
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2023-08-04 2023-10-27
Machine tools safety — Turning machines —
Part 1:
Safety requirements
Sécurité des machines outils — Machines de tournage —
Partie 1: Exigences de sécurité
ICS: 25.080.01
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
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ISO/DIS 23125-1:2023(E)
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 23125-1
ISO/TC 39/SC 10 Secretariat: SNV
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
Machine tools safety — Turning machines —
Part 1:
Safety requirements
Sécurité des machines outils — Machines de tournage —
Partie 1: Exigences de sécurité
ICS: 25.080.01
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
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PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. © ISO 2023
ISO/DIS 23125-1:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 2
3 Terms and definitions . 4
3.1 General terms . 4
3.2 Functional terms. 5
3.3 Parts of turning machines . 5
3.4 Modes of operation . 7
3.5 Groups of turning machines . 8
3.6 Maximum permissible spindle speeds . 14
4 List of significant hazards .14
4.1 General . 14
4.2 Main hazard zones . 14
4.3 Significant hazards and hazardous situations covered by this international
Standard . 15
5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures .20
5.1 General requirements . 20
5.1.1 Overview . 20
5.1.2 Modes of operation . 21
5.2 Specific requirements resulting from mechanical hazards .28
5.2.1 Workpiece clamping conditions.28
5.2.2 Tool clamping conditions .30
5.2.3 Specific requirements resulting from ejection . 31
5.2.4 Safeguarding for all machine groups . 32
5.3 Specific requirements resulting from hight up situated work places . 37
5.4 Specific requirements resulting from loss of stability hazards .38
5.5 Specific requirements resulting from slips, trips and fall of person .38
5.6 Specific requirements resulting from electrical hazards .38
5.7 Specific requirements resulting from pneumatic and hydraulic hazards .39
5.8 Specific requirements resulting from noise hazards .39
5.8.1 Noise reduction at the design stage .39
5.8.2 Noise emission measurement and declaration .40
5.9 Specific requirements resulting from radiation hazards .40
5.10 Specific requirements resulting from material or substance hazards .40
5.10.1 Combustible coolants .40
5.10.2 Dry processing and minimum quantity lubrication . 42
5.10.3 Requirements for biological or microbiological hazards . 42
5.10.4 Non-Combustible and partially combustible materials . 43
5.11 Specific requirements resulting from neglect of ergonomic principles . 43
5.12 Specific requirements resulting from failure of the control circuit .44
5.12.1 General .44
5.12.2 Safety functions . 45
5.12.3 Emergency stop . 52
5.12.4 Safety related stopping . 52
5.12.5 Specific requirements resulting from unexpected start-up, over-run or
over-speed hazards . 52
5.12.6 Specific requirements resulting from variation in rotational speed of tool
hazards . . . 53
5.12.7 Requirements for electromagnetic compatibility of electrical equipment .54
5.12.8 Remote Service .54
5.12.9 Manual reset function .54
iii
ISO/DIS 23125-1:2023(E)
5.13 Specific requirements resulting from failure of the power supply . 55
5.14 Specific requirements resulting from errors of fitting hazards . 55
5.15 Optional or additional equipment for turning machines .56
5.15.1 Special requirements for machines equipped with bar feed .56
5.15.2 Handling devices for manual or automatic workpiece loading/unloading .56
5.15.3 Machines equipped with a tailstock and/or quill .56
5.15.4 Chip collection and removal . 57
5.15.5 Externally accessible tool magazine, tool transfer and tool changing
mechanism .58
5.15.6 Requirements for steadies . 59
5.16 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective measures . 59
6 Information for use .62
6.1 Marking . 62
6.2 Instruction for use . .63
6.2.1 General .63
6.2.2 Instruction handbook .63
6.2.3 Residual risks to be addressed by the machinery user .66
6.3 Additional information to be provided by machine manufacturer when MO 3 is
implemented . 67
Annex A (normative) Impact test method for guards on turning machines .68
Annex B (informative) Test equipment for impact test and examples of materials .73
Annex C (informative) Calculation of direct impact energy .76
Annex D (informative) Examples for the integration of exhaust and extinguishing systems
when using combustible coolants.78
Annex E (informative) Provisions when using combustible coolants .81
Annex F (informative) Example of checklist for safety function .84
Annex G (informative) Gravity-loaded axes .86
Annex H (informative) Concept for access to an operating platform (control station) at a
Group 3 machine .93
Annex I (normative) Noise test code .95
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive2006/42/EC aimed to be covered . 103
Bibliography . 105
iv
ISO/DIS 23125-1:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies
casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 23125-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 39, Machine tools, Subcommittee SC 10,
Safety Turning machines.
This second/third/. edition cancels and replaces the first/second/. edition (), [clause(s) / subclause(s)
/ table(s) / figure(s) / annex(es)] of which [has / have] been technically revised.
v
ISO/DIS 23125-1:2023(E)
Introduction
This International Standard has been prepared to be a Harmonized Standard to provide one means of
conforming to the Essential Safety Requirements of the Machinery Directive of the European Union and
associated EFTA regulations.
This International Standard is a type-C standard as defined in ISO 12100:2010.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered
is indicated in the Scope of this International Standard. In addition, turning machines shall comply as
appropriate with ISO 12100:2010 for hazards which are not covered by this International Standard.
When provisions of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or -B
standards, the provisions of this type-C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other
International Standards for machines that have been designed and built in accordance with the
provisions of this type-C standard.
The requirements of this International Standard concern designers, manufacturers, suppliers and
importers of machines described in the Scope.
This International Standard also includes a list of informative items to be provided by the manufacturer
to the user.
vi
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 23125-1:2023(E)
Machine tools safety — Turning machines —
Part 1:
Safety requirements
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the requirements and/or measures to eliminate the hazards or
reduce the risks in the following groups of turning machines and turning centres, which are designed
primarily to shape metal by cutting.
— Group 1: Manually controlled turning machines without numerical control.
— Group 2: Manually controlled turning machines with limited numerically controlled capability.
— Group 3: Numerically controlled turning machines and turning centres.
— Group 4: Single- or multi-spindle automatic turning machines.
NOTE 1 For detailed information on the machine groups, see the definitions in 3.5, features and limitations in
5.1.1 and mandatory and optional modes of operation in 5.1.2.1.
NOTE 2 Requirements in this International Standard are, in general, applicable to all groups of turning
machines. If requirements are applicable to some special group(s) of turning machines only, then the special
group(s) of turning machine(s) is/are specified.
NOTE 3 The automatic exchange of clamping devices are excluded from this standard
This international standard takes account of intended use, including reasonably foreseeable misuse,
maintenance, cleaning, and setting operations. It specifies access conditions to operators positions and
manual load/unload stations. It presumes accessibility to the machine from all directions. It describes
means to reduce risks to operators and other exposed persons.
This international standard also applies to workpiece transfer devices including transport devices for
loading/unloading when they form an integral part of the machine.
This international standard deals with significant hazards relevant to turning machines when they are
used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see 4).
Risk analysis of hazards arising from other metal working processes (e.g. grinding, milling, friction
welding, forming, electro discharge, laser processing) are covered by other standards (see Bibliography).
However, if additional milling and grinding operations are provided hazard arising from additional
clamping condition and ejection of parts shall be considered.
This International Standard also applies to machines which are integrated into an automatic production
line or turning cell in as much as the hazards and risks arising are comparable to those of machines
working separately.
This International Standard also includes a minimum list of safety-relevant information which the
manufacturer has to provide to the user. See also ISO 12100:2010, Figure 2, which illustrates the
interaction of manufacturer's and user's responsibility for the operational safety.
The user's responsibility is to identify specific hazards (e.g. fire and explosion) and reduce the
associated risks can be critical (e.g. whether the central extraction system is working correctly).
This International Standard applies to machines that are manufactured after the date of issue of this
International Standard.
ISO/DIS 23125-1:2023(E)
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable to its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 230-5:2000, Test code for machine tools — Part 5: Determination of the noise emission
ISO 447:1984, Machine tools — Direction of operation of controls
ISO 702 (all parts), Machine tools — Connecting dimensions of spindle noses and work holding chucks
ISO 841:2001, Industrial automation systems and integration — Numerical control of machines —
Coordinate system and motion nomenclature
ISO 3744:2010, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources
using sound pressure — Engineering methods for an essentially free field over a reflecting plane
ISO 3746:2010, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources
using sound pressure — Survey method using an enveloping measurement surface over a reflecting plane
ISO 4413:2010, Hydraulic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components
ISO 4414:2010, Pneumatic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components
ISO 4871:1996, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and
equipment
ISO 6385:2016, Ergonomics principles in the design of work systems
ISO 8525:2008, Airborne noise emitted by machine tools — Operating conditions for metal-cutting
machines
ISO 9241 (all parts), — Ergonomics of human-system interaction
ISO 9355-1:1999, Ergonomic requirements for the design of displays and control actuators — Part 1:
Human interactions with displays and control actuators
ISO 9355-2:1999, Ergonomic requirements for the design of displays and control actuators — Part 2:
Displays
ISO 9355-3:2006, Ergonomic requirements for the design of displays and control actuators — Part 3:
Control actuators
ISO 10218-2:2011, Robots and robotic devices — Safety requirements for industrial robots — Part 2: Robot
systems and integration
ISO 11161:2007+Amd.1:2010, Safety of machinery — Integrated manufacturing systems — Basic
requirements
ISO 11202:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission
sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions applying approximate environmental
corrections
ISO 11204:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission
sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions applying accurate environmental
corrections
ISO 11228 (all parts), Ergonomics — Manual handling
ISO/DIS 23125-1:2023(E)
ISO/TR 11688-1:1995, Acoustics — Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and
equipment — Part 1: Planning
ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction
ISO 13849-1:2015, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General
principles for design
ISO 13849-2:2012, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 2: Validation
ISO 13850:2015, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop function — Principles for design
ISO 13851:2019, Safety of machinery — Two-hand control devices — Principles for design and selection
ISO 13854:2017, Safety of machinery — Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body
ISO 13855:2010, Safety of machinery — Positioning of safeguards with respect to the approach speeds of
parts of the human body
ISO 13856-2:2013, Safety of machinery — Pressure-sensitive protective devices — Part 2: General
principles for design and testing of pressure-sensitive edges and pressure-sensitive bars
ISO 13856-3:2013, Safety of machinery — Pressure-sensitive protective devices — Part 3: General
principles for design and testing of pressure-sensitive bumpers, plates, wires and similar devices
ISO 13857:2019, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper
and lower limbs
ISO 14118:2017, Safety of machinery — Prevention of unexpected start-up
ISO 14119:2013, Safety of machinery — Interlocking devices associated with guards — Principles for
design and selection
ISO 14120:2015, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and construction of
fixed and movable guards
ISO 14122-1:2016, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 1: Choice of
fixed means and general requirements of access
ISO 14122-2:2016, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 2: Working
platforms and walkways
ISO 14122-3:2016, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 3: Stairs,
stepladders and guard-rails
ISO 14122-4:2016, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 4: Fixed ladders
ISO 14159:2002, Safety of machinery — Hygiene requirements for the design of machinery
ISO 15534-1:2000, Ergonomic design for the safety of machinery — Part 1: Principles for determining the
dimensions required for openings for whole-body access into machinery
ISO 15534-2:2000, Ergonomic design for the safety of machinery — Part 2: Principles for determining the
dimensions required for access openings
ISO 16156:2004, Machine-tools safety — Safety requirements for the design and construction of work
holding chucks
IEC 60204-1:2016, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General requirements
IEC 60529:1989, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 60825-1:2014, Safety of laser products — Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements
ISO/DIS 23125-1:2023(E)
IEC 61000-6-2:2016, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 6-2: Generic standards — Immunity for
industrial environments
IEC 61000-6-4:2018, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 6-4: Generic standards — Emission
standard for industrial environments
IEC 61800-5-2:2016, Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems — Part 5-2: Safety requirements —
Functional
IEC 62061:2021, Safety of machinery - Functional safety of safety-related control systems
E N 1837:1999+A 1: 200 9, Safety of machinery — Integral lighting of machines
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12100:2010 and
ISO 13849-1:2015 and the following apply.
3.1 General terms
3.1.1
turning machine
machine tool for cutting operations where the main movement is the rotation of the workpiece against
the cutting tool(s)
3.1.2
manual control
each movement of the machine is individually initiated and controlled by the operator
3.1.3
direction control
positive actuation device to select and maintain a movement
3.1.4
Numerical control NC
computerized numerical control CNC
automatic control of a process performed by a device that makes use of numeric data entered while the
operation is in progress
Note 1 to entry: Adapted from ISO 2806:1994, definition 2.1.1.
3.1.5
manually controlled turning machine
turning machine for which process steps for the machining are controlled or started by an operator
without support by an NC-machining program
3.1.6
numerically controlled turning machine
NC turning machine
turning machine that operates under numerical control or computerized numerical control (CNC)
3.1.7
turning centre
numerically controlled turning machine equipped with power-driven tools and the capability to
orientate the work holding spindle around its axis
Note 1 to entry: A turning centre can also include, but is not limited to, functions such as gauging, burnishing,
threading, boring, milling, grinding and drilling.
Note 2 to entry: If grinding processes are involved, see ISO 16089:2015 for additional safety measures.
ISO/DIS 23125-1:2023(E)
3.1.8
work zone
zone where the cutting process is taking place
3.1.9
accessible work zone
hazard zone of a machine where a stationary standing position with access for the whole body is
required with its intended use
3.2 Functional terms
3.2.1
Safety functions SF
function of a machine whose failure can result in an immediate increase of risk(s).
[SOURCE: ISO 12100:2010, 3.30]
3.2.2
operating stop
Stop of the machine movements in the production process. Control functions between control system
and machine drives are maintained (torque, speed of rotation, position)
3.2.3
safe operating stop SOS
operational stop with additional control system measures preventing dangerous machine movements
due to control system faults
3.2.4
safe stop 1 SS1
Stop with defined motor braking as part of the safety function, which corresponds to a category 1 stop
according to IEC 60204-1:2016, 9.2.2. STO function is triggered when the motor is in a standstill
3.2.5
safe stop 2 SS2
Stop with defined motor braking as part of the safety function, which corresponds to a category 2 stop
according to IEC 60204-1:2016. In contrast to safe stop 1 (SS1) the motor in standstill is in closed loop
operation. When the motor is in standstill a safe operating stop (SOS) is triggered. In this case the
standstill position is kept precisely, due to the active control loop
Note 1 to entry: The function SS2 brakes the motor, monitors the magnitude of the motor deceleration, and after
a delay time, initiates the SOS function, see also IEC 61800-5-2:2007, 4.2.4.2.
3.2.6
safe torque off STO
function to prevent energy being supplied to the motor
Note 1 to entry: The STO function prevents energy being supplied to the motor, which can generate a torque, see
also IEC 61800-5-2:2016.
3.3 Parts of turning machines
3.3.1
vision panel
window provided in a guard through which the operator can view the work zone or other areas of the
machine
ISO/DIS 23125-1:2023(E)
3.3.2
chuck
clamping device in which workpieces are clamped with the aid of either manual energy or pneumatic,
hydraulic or electric energy
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1
NOTE The chuck with 3 jaws is an example only, a chuck can have more than two jaws.
Figure 1 — Chuck
3.3.3
collet
device designed to hold the bar into the turning spindle, e.g. by pressure bar or draw bar
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2.
Figure 2 — Collet
ISO/DIS 23125-1:2023(E)
3.3.4
tool spindle
Rotating spindle which receives the cutting tool
3.3.5
workpiece spindle
Rotating spindle which receives the workpiece
3.3.6
counter spindle
workpiece spindle opposite to another workpiece spindle which the workpiece is transferred from
3.3.7
electronic handwheel
a manually operated control device which initiates an axis- or spindle movement e.g. by pulse generation
during its rotation
3.3.8
outside diameter of workpiece clamping device(D)
outer position of work holding clamping device (e.g. chuck) when the biggest workpiece diameter is
clamped.
3.3.9
distance between centres (BC)
maximum distance between workpiece spindle clamping device and tailstock quill or work piece
clamping device of the counter spindle.
3.4 Modes of operation
3.4.1
mode of operation MO
Mode of operation to supply a defined amount of machine functions under predefined safety measures
Note 1 to entry: For specifications on safety facilities and security measures relating to different modes of
operation, are defined in clause 5
3.4.2
mode of operation selection device
facility consisting of an access-, selection- and activation system for manual selection of the machine
mode of operation, to which only a restricted group of persons have access
Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 12100:2010, 6.2.11.10
3.4.3
MO 0: manual mode
operation of the machine under manual control by the operator without use of preprogrammed
operations
3.4.4
MO 1: automatic mode
automatic, programmed operation of the machine until stopped by program or operator
Note 1 to entry: The automatic mode can include an operational interruption for loading/unloading of workpieces
and tools.
ISO/DIS 23125-1:2023(E)
3.4.5
MO 2: setting mode
mode of operation in which adjustments for the subsequent machining process are performed by the
operator(setter)
Note 1 to entry: NOTE1 to entry: Assessments of tool or workpiece position (e.g. by touching the workpiece with
a probe or tool in single step mode) are procedures of the setting mode (see 5.1.2.5)
3.4.6
MO 3: Optional special mode for manual intervention under restricted operating conditions
temporary operation of the machine under manual or numerical control with reduced functions and
work zone guards open and/or protective devices temporarily suspended
3.4.7
MO Service: service mode
Mode of operation for service and maintenance tasks, such as axis calibration by laser, ballbar testing
and spindle error analysis
Note 1 to entry: In MO Service, the machining of a workpiece is not allowed (see 5.1.2.7.)
3.4.8
Remote Service
the Data exchange with remote controlled machines for the purpose of fault finding, diagnostic,
maintenance, data analysis or optimizing for the purpose of remote control.
Note 1 to entry: The connection between machine and user can be carried out through various communication
channels. (e.g. telephone network, mobile radio network, internet)
3.5 Groups of turning machines
3.5.1
Group 1: manually controlled turning machine without numerical control
turning machine, where all movements are initiated and controlled by the operator, one at the time
ISO/DIS 23125-1:2023(E)
Key
1 spindle rear-end guard 3 front chip/splash guard (saddle mounted)
2 chuck guard 4 rear chip/splash guard
Figure 3 — Group 1: Example of a manually controlled, horizontal spindle turning machine
3.5.2
Group 2: manually controlled turning machine with limited numerically controlled capability
turning machine that can be manually operated with limited control
ISO/DIS 23125-1:2023(E)
Key
1 spindle rear-end guard 3 rear guard
2 front guard 4 chuck guard
NOTE 2 to entry The partial enclosure comprises 2 and 3.
Figure 4 — Group 2: Example of a manually controlled turning machine with limited NC
capability
3.5.3
Group 3: numerically controlled turning machine and turning centre
Turning machine or turning centre with numerical control (NC) providing automatic operation
ISO/DIS 23125-1:2023(E)
Key
1 vision panel 4 chips conveyor
2 interlocked movable guards 5 work zone
3 enclosing guard 6 main control panel
Figure 5 — Group 3: Example of a completely enclosed horizontal turning machine
ISO/DIS 23125-1:2023(E)
Key
1 rear guard 5 control panel
2 chuck guard 6 operating platform
3 access door 7 saddle
4 front guard
Figure 6 — Group 3: Example of a horizontal NC turning machine with operating platform
ISO/DIS 23125-1:2023(E)
Key
1 perimeter fence
2 operating platform
Figure 7 — Group 3: Example of a vertical NC turning machine with operating platform
3.5.4
Group 4: single- or multi-spindle automatic turning machine
horizontal or vertical spindle turning machine, designed for batch production of parts according to an
NC and/or mechanical (e.g. by cam or template) pre-set program with fixed sequence of operation
Key
1 guarding of bar feeder
2 vision panel
3 interlocked movable guard
4 main control panel
ISO/DIS 23125-1:2023(E)
5 enclosing guard
Figure 8 — Group 4: Example of a multi-spindle NC bar automatic turning machine with second
carrier for counter spindles
3.6 Maximum permissible spindle speeds
3.6.1
maximum spindle speed
maximum permissible rotational speed for a work holding or tool spindle specified and set as a machine
parameter by the machine manufacturer
3.6.2
maximum work holding device speed
maximum permissible rotational speed of the work holding device specified by its manufacturer
3.6.3
maximum working spindle speed
maximum permissible rotational speed of spindle holding the workpiece, depending on clamping
conditions, size, mass and balance of the particular workpiece as well as the permissible working speed
for the tool(s)
Note 1 to entry: The maximum permissible rotational speed of spindles depends on constructional limits given
by the manufacturer(s) of the machine, the spindle or the clamping device, and the size, mass, balance/unbalance
of the particular workpiece specified by the machine setter, which varies with the user.
4 List of significant hazards
4.1 General
This clause contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events identified by risk
assessment as significant for this type of machinery and which require action to eliminate or reduce
the risk.
Machinery shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures of
this clause. In addition, the machine shall be designed according to the principles of ISO 12100 for
relevant but not significant hazards which are not dealt with by this document.
4.2 Main hazard zones
The main hazard zones are the following:
a) working areas with moving spindle(s), work clamping components, such as chuck and collet,
tool carrying slide(s), turret(s), copying unit(s), steady rests, tailstock, indexing spindle carrier,
workpiece(s), swarf and chip handling equipment (if integrated);
b) handling devices for workpiece loading/unloading, including bar feeders;
c) external tool magazines and tool changers;
d) chip discharge zone;
e) gear box;
f) rear of the spindle;
g) cam mechanisms;
h) lead screw (Group 1: manual machines without NC functions);
ISO/DIS 23125-1:2023(E)
i) feed screw (Group 1: manual machines without NC functions);
j) ball screw (Groups 2, 3 and 4, manual machines with NC capabilities, NC machines and turning
centres, automatic turning machines);
k) linear drives.
4.3 Significant hazards and hazardous situations covered by this international
Standard
The significant hazards covered by this International Standard are listed in Table 1. Particular attention
is given to hazards arising from the following:
a) the ejection of tools, chucks jaws, clamping devices, workpieces or parts of them, including swarf
and chips (see Table 1 e.g. 1.5);
b) entanglement on or drawing into moving parts of the machine, particularly chucks, powered
indexing spindle carrier, powered tools, workpieces (see Table 1 e.g. 1.2 and 1.3) and workpiece
material and bars which are extending at the rear of the spindle;
c) contact with moving parts of the machine, including cutting and crushing between moving and
fixed/moving parts of the machine;
d) slip, trip and fall;
e) fire and explosion.
f) unintended locking-in by oneself/ unintended locking-in by third party
Table 1 — List of hazards and hazardous situations
Examples of operations, haz-
Causes of hazards Relevant
ardous,
and Possible conse- clause in this
No. situations and hazardous
hazardous situa- quences International
areas
tions Standard
at turning machines
a
1 B.1 & B.4 Mechanical hazards
Manual operations between
the area of tool and parts of the
machine, for turning applica-
Crushing hazard
tion, especially the work piece
support or between tool and
Shearing hazard
workpiece.
Drawing-in or trap-
Manual operations between the
ping hazard
areas of changing mechanisms,
e.g. tool change
...
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