EN ISO 6603-1:2000
(Main)Plastics - Determination of puncture impact behaviour of rigid plastics - Part 1: Non-instrumented impact testing (ISO 6603-1:2000)
Plastics - Determination of puncture impact behaviour of rigid plastics - Part 1: Non-instrumented impact testing (ISO 6603-1:2000)
This International Standard specifies methods for the determination of puncture-impact properties of rigid plastics in
the form of flat test specimens, such as discs or square pieces, under defined conditions. Specimens may be
moulded directly, cut from sheets or taken from finished products. Different types of test specimens and test
conditions are defined.
These falling-dart methods are used to investigate the behaviour of plastic sheeting or mouldings under the impact
of a striker applied perpendicular to the plane of the specimen.
This part of ISO 6603 can be used if it is sufficient to characterize the impact behaviour of plastics by a threshold
value of impact-failure energy based on many test specimens. ISO 6603-2 is used if a force-deflection or force-time
diagram, recorded at nominally constant striker velocity, is necessary for detailed characterization of the impact
behaviour.
These test methods are applicable to specimens with a thickness between 1 mm and 4 mm.
NOTE For thicknesses less than 1 mm, ISO 7765 should preferably be used. Thicknesses greater than 4 mm may be
tested if the equipment is suitable, but the test falls outside the scope of ISO 6603-1 and ISO 6603-2.
These methods are suitable for use with the following types of material:
_ rigid thermoplastic moulding and extrusion materials, including filled, unfilled and reinforced compounds and
sheets;
_ rigid thermosetting moulding and extrusion materials, including filled and reinforced compounds, sheets and
laminates;
_ fibre-reinforced thermoset and thermoplastic composites incorporating unidirectional or non-unidirectional
reinforcements such as mats, woven fabrics, woven rovings, chopped strands, combination and hybrid
reinforcements, rovings, milled fibres and sheets made from pre-impregnated materials (prepregs).
These methods are also applicable to specimens which are either moulded or machined from finished products,
laminates and extruded or cast sheet.
The test results are comparable only if the conditions of preparation of the specimens, their dimensions and
surfaces as well as the test conditions are the same. In particular, results determined on specimens of different
thickness cannot be compared with one another (see annex E of ISO 6603-2:—). Comprehensive evaluation of the
reaction to impact stress requires that determinations be made as a function of impact velocity and temperature for
different material variables, such as crystallinity and moisture content.
The impact behaviour of finished products cannot be predicted directly from this test, but specimens may be taken
from finished products (see above) for test by these methods.
Test data developed by these methods should not be used for design calculations. However, information on the
typical behaviour of the material can be obtained by testing at different temperatures and impact velocities (see
annex D of ISO 6603-2:—), by varying the thickness (see annex E of ISO 6603-2:—) and by testing specimens
prepared under different conditions.
Two statistical methods of test are described in this part of ISO 6603:
_ Method A: staircase method (individual) (preferred)
In this method, a uniform energy increment is employed during testing. The energy is decreased or increased
by the uniform increment after testing each specimen, depending upon the observed result (pass or fail) for the
preceding test.
_ Method B: group method (optional)
In this method, successive groups of at least ten test specimens are t
Kunststoffe - Bestimmung des Durchstoßverhaltens von festen Kunststoffen - Teil 1: Nicht-instrumentierter Schlagversuch (ISO 6603:2000)
Diese Internationale Norm beschreibt Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Durchstoßverhaltens von festen Kunststoffen in Form von flachen Probekörpern wie runden oder quadratischen Platten unter festgelegten Bedingungen. Die Probekörper dürfen direkt geformt, aus Tafeln herausgeschnitten oder Fertigprodukten entnommen werden. Es werden unterschiedliche Arten von Probekörpern und Prüfbedingungen festgelegt. Diese Fallbolzenversuche dienen zur Charakterisierung des Verhaltens von Kunststoffbahnen oder Formteilen, die durch den Aufprall eines Stoßkörpers rechtwinklig zur Ebene des Probekörpers beansprucht werden.
Plastiques - Détermination du comportement des plastiques rigides perforés sous l'effet d'un choc - Partie 1: Essais de choc non instrumentés (ISO 6603-1:2000)
La présente Norme internationale spécifie des méthodes de détermination du comportement au choc avec
perforation des plastiques rigides sous forme d'éprouvettes planes, telles que des disques ou des pièces carrées,
dans des conditions définies. Les éprouvettes peuvent être moulées directement, prélevées dans des plaques ou
des produits finis. Différents types d'éprouvettes et de conditions d'essai sont définis.
Ces méthodes d'essai par chute de projectile sont utilisées pour étudier le comportement d'objets moulés ou de
feuilles en matériaux plastiques soumis à une contrainte de choc appliquée à l'aide d'un percuteur
perpendiculairement au plan de l'éprouvette.
La présente partie de l'ISO 6603 peut être utilisée lorsqu'il est suffisant de caractériser le comportement au choc
des plastiques par une valeur seuil de l'énergie de rupture par choc à partir d'un grand nombre d'éprouvettes.
L'ISO 6603-2 est utilisée si une courbe force-flèche ou force-temps, enregistrée avec une vitesse du percuteur
nominalement constante, est nécessaire pour obtenir une caractérisation détaillée du comportement au choc.
Ces méthodes d'essai sont applicables aux éprouvettes d'épaisseur comprise entre 1 mm et 4 mm.
NOTE Dans le cas d'épaisseurs inférieures à 1 mm, il est préférable d'utiliser l'ISO 7765. Des épaisseurs de plus de 4 mm
peuvent être soumises à l'essai si l'appareillage est approprié mais, dans ce cas, l'essai ne relève pas du domaine d'application
de la présente partie de l'ISO 6603-1 et de l'ISO 6603-2.
Elles peuvent être utilisées avec les types suivants de matériaux:
_ thermoplastiques rigides pour moulage et extrusion, y compris les feuilles et les compositions chargées, non
chargées et renforcées;
_ plastiques thermodurcissables rigides pour moulage et extrusion, y compris les stratifiés, les feuilles et les
compositions chargées et renforcées;
_ composites thermodurcis et thermoplastiques renforcés de fibres, à renforts unidirectionnels ou non, tels que
les mats, tissus, tissus stratifiés, fils de base coupés, renforts complexes et hybrides, stratifiés, fibres broyées,
et feuilles préimprégnées.
Ces méthodes sont applicables aux éprouvettes qui peuvent être moulées ou usinées à partir de produits finis, de
stratifiés et de feuilles extrudées ou moulées.
Les résultats d'essai ne sont comparables que si les conditions de préparation des éprouvettes, les dimensions et
les surfaces de celles-ci, ainsi que les conditions d'essai sont les mêmes. Il n'est, en particulier, pas possible de
comparer des résultats obtenus sur des éprouvettes d'épaisseur différente (voir l'annexe E de l'ISO 6603-2:—).
Une évaluation exhaustive de la réaction au choc nécessite la réalisation de déterminations en fonction de la
vitesse d'impact et de la température pour différentes variables du matériau, telles que la structure cristalline ou la
teneur en humidité.
L'essai ne permet pas de prévoir directement le comportement au choc des produits finis mais ces méthodes
permettent de faire des essais sur des éprouvettes prélevées dans ces produits (voir ci-dessus).
Il n'est pas conseillé d'utiliser les données dérivées de la présente méthode à des fins de calcul. Des essais à
différentes températures et vitesses d'impact (voir l'annexe D de l'ISO 6603-2:—), à différentes épaisseurs (voir
l'annexe E de l'ISO 6603-2:—) et sur des éprouvettes préparées dans des conditions différentes permettent
néanmoins de recueillir des informations sur le comportement type des matériaux.
Polimerni materiali - Ugotavljanje udarne odpornosti togih polimernih materialov na prebod - 1. del: Neinstrumentalni udarni preskus (ISO 6603-1:2000)
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2000
Polimerni materiali - Ugotavljanje udarne odpornosti togih polimernih materialov
na prebod - 1. del: Neinstrumentalni udarni preskus (ISO 6603-1:2000)
Plastics - Determination of puncture impact behaviour of rigid plastics - Part 1: Non-
instrumented impact testing (ISO 6603-1:2000)
Kunststoffe - Bestimmung des Durchstoßverhaltens von festen Kunststoffen - Teil 1:
Nicht-instrumentierter Schlagversuch (ISO 6603:2000)
Plastiques - Détermination du comportement des plastiques rigides perforés sous l'effet
d'un choc - Partie 1: Essais de choc non instrumentés (ISO 6603-1:2000)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 6603-1:2000
ICS:
83.080.01 Polimerni materiali na Plastics in general
splošno
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
International Standard
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDlZATION.MEX~YHAPO~HAR OPTAHM3AL&lR I-IO CTAH~APTbl3A~MM.ORGANlSATlON INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
Determination of multiaxial impact behaviour
Plastics -
of rigid plastics -
Part 1: Falling dart method
Plastiques - LXtermination du comportement des plastiques rigides SOW un choc multiaxial - Partie 7: Essai par chute
de projectile
First edition - ‘1985-02-15
ici
-
UDC 678.5L8.077 : 620.178.7 Ref. No. IS0 6603/l-1985 (E)
Descriptors : plastics, rigid plastics, tests, impact tests, test equipment.
Price based on 14 pages
Foreword
lS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of
national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work of preparing international
Standards is normally carried out through IS0 technical committees. Each member
body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, govern-
mental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to
the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as International Standards by
the IS0 Council. They are approved in accordance with IS0 procedures requiring at
least 75 % approval by the member bodies voting.
International Standard IS0 6603/ 1 was prepared by Technical Committee lSO/TC 61,
Has tics.
0 International Organization for Standardization, 1985
Printed in Switzerland
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
IS0 6603/l-1985 (El
Determination of multiaxial impact behaviour
Plastics -
of rigid plastics -
Part 1: Falling dart method
1 Scope and field of application IS0 294, Plastics - Recommended practice for injection
moulding test specimens of thermoplastic materials.
This International Standard specifies a method for the deter-
mination of impact properties of rigid plastic materials in the
IS0 255712, Plastics - Amorphous thermoplastic moulding
form of disks ‘or square pieces of standard dimensions,
materials - Preparation of test specimens with a defined level
moulded directly or cut from sheets (see note 1).
of shrinkage - Part 2: Test specimens in the form of rec-
tangular plates (lnjec tion moulding).
This falling dart method is used for the assessment of plastic
sheeting or mouldings under an impact stress applied at right
angles to the plane of the sheet (see note 2). Part 1 of this
International Standard can be used if it is sufficient to
3 Definitions
characterize the impact behaviour of plastics by an impact-
failure energy. If recording of the force-deformation curve is
For the purpose of
this International Standard, the following
necessary, Part 2 shall be used (see annex B).
definitions apply:
Two methods of test are described.
3.1 Failure-criteria terms
The preferred method is method A, the staircase method. In
this technique, a uniform energy increment is employed during
testing and the energy is decreased or increased by the uniform
The following definitions of failure-criteria terms describe
increment after testing each test specimen, depending upon
definite alterations of the test specimens caused by the falling
the result (fail or not fail) observed for the preceding test
mass. The criterion of failure shall be that specified in the Inter-
specimen.
national Standard for the material or shall be agreed upon by
the interested parties.
Method B is the statistical method. In this technique, suc-
cessive groups of at least ten test specimens each are tested.
Impact failure energy is calculated by statistical methods (see
3.1.1 crack: Any fissure that can be observed by the unaided
note 3).
eye and that does not penetrate the full thickness of the
material (see figure 1).
This method shall be used where both brittle and ductile
failures occur within a homogeneous group of test specimens.
3.1.2 break: Any fissure through the full thickness of the
NOTES
material (see figure 2).
1 The test results obtained by testing specimens prepared separately
from moulding materials cannot be simply related to mouldings of
3.1.3 penetration : Failure in which the indenter wholly
other shapes because the results of these tests depend on the shape of
the moulding and the conditions of their production. penetrates the test specimen (see figure 3).
2 This International Standard is not suitable for thin films.
3 The variable energy can be realized either by choosing a variable 3.1.4 shattering: Breaking of the test specimen into two or
falling mass at constant height or by choosing a variable falling height
more parts (see figure 3).
at constant falling mass. The variable height procedure is velocity
dependent and differing results may be observed depending upon the
material’s strain rate. Therefore, the constant falling height method is
3.1.5 indentation : An irreversible deformation without
preferred.
cracking. The amount of indentation is measured by the
depth of the dent Id,) (see figure 4). The value of cI~ that consti-
tutes the pass-fail criterion shall be agreed by the interested
2 References
parties.
IS0 291, Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing.
NOTE - If other criteria of failure (crazing, stress whitening, etc.) are
Recommended practice for compression
IS0 293, Plastics -
of importance, these criteria must be defined and included in the test
moulding test specimens of thermoplastic materials.
report.
IS0 6603/l-1985 E)
3.2 Impact-failure terms 5.5 Weights (masses)
Appropriate weights that can be firmly attached to the striker.
3.2.1 50 % impact-failure energy, A?&: The energy that will
The combined mass of the weights to be attached and the
cause 50 % of the test specimens to fail according to one of the
mass of the striker shall be known to within 1 %.
criteria in 3.1.
3.2.2 50 % impact-failure mass, iW%: The mass that will
5.6 Appropriate device for catching the dart
cause 50 % of the test specimens to fail, according to one of
after drop
the criteria in 3.1, at a given falling height.
To prevent multiple impact and damage of the striker.
3.2.3 50 % impact-failure height, &-,: The height that will
cause 50 % of the test specimens to fail, according to one of
the criteria in 3.1, using a given falling mass.
6 Test specimens
4 Principle
6.1 Preparation and sampling of test specimens
The impact strength of suitably sized test specimens is deter-
The test specimens shall be prepared and sampled in ac-
mined by striking them with a weight dropped vertically from a
cordance with the instructions in the relevant International
known height.
Standards (see clause 21, or in accordance with the specifi-
cations for the material to be tested, or as agreed by the
Two methods of adjusting the energy at impact are permitted:
interested parties.
altering the mass at constant height (preferred) and altering the
height at constant mass.
staircase 6.2 Standard test specimens
Two methods of test are also given: (preferred) and
statistical.
The standard test specimen shall be 60 + 2 mm in diameter or
60 + 2 mm square. For moulding and extrusion materials, the
5 Apparatus test specimen shall preferably be 2 + 0,l mm thick, prepared
from sheet moulded under the conditions described in IS0 293,
ratus shall be construe ted (for example, figure 5)
The
aPPa IS0 294, or IS0 2557/2. For sheet, the thickness shall be that
usin g the following components :
of the sheet under test, but not less than 1 mm or more than
4 mm.
5.1 Test specimen support
If the thickness of any test specimen differs from the average
A hollow steel cylinder of internal diameter 40 + 2 mm with
thickness of the test specimens in that sample by more than
a minimum height of 12 mm (see figure 6). The support shall
5 %, it shall be discarded.
be placed on a solid base and shall be designed such that air
cannot be trapped under the test specimen, thus avoiding a
6.3 Number of test specimens
possible spring effect.
Method A (staircase metho d): At least 30 test specimens shall
5.2 Clamping device (optional)
(IO for the pretest determine the starting energy).
be used to
A two-piece annular specimen clamp having an inside diameter
At least 40
Method B (statistical method) : test spec imens shall
of 40 + 2 mm is recommended. Pneumatically operated
be used 0 for pretest and 30 for the mai n test).
(1
clamps have been successfully employed. If a clamping device
is used, ensure that no slippage occurs.
Each test specimen shall be struck only once.
clamped and unclamped specimens are likely
NOTE - The results for
to be different.
6.4 Conditioning of test specimens
5.3 Falling dart system
The test specimens shall be conditioned as required by the
Device capable of holding and releasing a weighted striker, specification for the material or as agreed by the interested
such that the striker may fall contained by guide(s). The fall parties. Otherwise, select the most appropriate condition from
shall be substantially without friction or losses through IS0 291.
windage, or the amount of friction has to be taken into account
in the calculations.
7 Procedure
5.4 Weighted striker
shall have a polished hardened 7.1 Test atmosphere
The preferred striker
hemispherical striking surface of diameter 20 + 0,2 mm.
Carry out the test in one of the standard atmospheres specified
Alternatively, a 10 + 0,l mm diameter striking surface may be
used. The strikers shall be constructed of steel. in IS0 291.
ISO6603/1=1985(E)
7.2 General directions
7.3.3 Expression of results
Measure and record the average thickness of the test
7.3.3.1 Calculation
specimens in the area of impact to the nearest 0,02 mm.
Calculate the 50 % impact-failure energy QO, in joules, as
Place the test specimen on the specimen support (5.1) and
follows :
clamp (5.2) as appropriate.
Ew=HxgxMw in the case of constant height
Firmly secure the necessary weights (5.5) to the striker (5.4).
Es=MxgxHw in the case of constant mass
Put the dart (5.3) into position at a height between 0,3 and
m, according to the method chosen, and release the dart.
zo
where
If the dart rebounds from the test specimen surface, catch the
H is the constant falling height, in metres;
dart after it bounces to prevent both multiple impact with the
test specimen surface and damage to the hemispherical contact
M is the constant falling mass, in kilograms;
surface of the dart as a result of impact with metal parts of the
apparatus.
g is the acceleration of free fall (9,81 m/s2);
test speci men to determine whether it has or has
Examine the
not failed in the sense of one of the definitions given in 3. 1.
= Ma + AM
Mko
7.3 Method A: Staircase method (Preferred method)
= Ha + AH
Ha
By this technique, a uniform energy increment is employed dur-
ing testing and the energy is changed after striking each test
specimen. Variation of the energy during testing can be realized
[the + sign is taken if the no-failure (ZV = NJ blows are
by varying the falling mass at constant falling height or by vary-
considered and the - sign if the failure (IV = N,) blows are
ing the falling height at constant mass.
considered]
Preferably, a falling height of 1 m should be chosen if a variable
falling mass is used. If a variable height is used, this should be
chosen at any range between 0,3 and 2,0 m, but preferably
is the smallest mass among the k mass steps Mi
Ma
about I,0 m. (i = ) from the main test, in kilograms;
1 to k
AM is the increment of mass, in kilograms;
7.3.1 Pretesting
Ha is the smallest height among the k height steps Hi
Use 10 test specimens to estimate the 50 % impact-failure
(i= 1 tok ) from the main
test, in metres;
energy Eso.
AH
NOTE - It is suggested that during the pretesting the increments be is the increment of height, in metres;
not uniform. Begin with relatively large increments to find the energies
which will cause with certainty failure or no failure. Finish the
pretesting with smaller energy increments in order to roughly estimate
N=
the energy that causes 50 % of the test specimens to fail. ni
c
i= 1
7.3.2 Main testing
[total sum of the failure (NJ or no-failure (NJ test speci-
impact mens, depending on which number is smaller]
For a starting point, select an energy near
failure energy, based on the pretesting.
is the number of test specimens that have failure or
ni
Select an energy increment AE appropriate to the impact
no-failure, respectively, at the height
Hi or the mass Mi;
strength of the sample; the value chosen for AE should be
such that three to six energy steps will be employed in the de-
termination. A AE value equal to some 5 % to 15 % of the
A=
fli Zi
c
expected impact failure energy E,, according to the pretesting
i= 1
is usually appropriate.
is the number of mass increments
from Ma or the
Examine the test specimen to determine whether it has or has zi
nu
mber of height increments from Ha:
not failed and record the result on a form such as that shown in
“0” to denote non-failure and an
...
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