EN ISO 4120:2021
(Main)Sensory analysis - Methodology - Triangle test (ISO 4120:2021)
Sensory analysis - Methodology - Triangle test (ISO 4120:2021)
This document specifies a procedure for determining whether a perceptible sensory difference or similarity exists between samples of two products. The method is a forced-choice procedure. The method is applicable whether a difference exists in a single sensory attribute or in several attributes.
The method is statistically more efficient than the duo-trio test (described in ISO 10399), but has limited use with products that exhibit strong carryover and/or lingering flavours.
The method is applicable even when the nature of the difference is unknown [i.e. it determines neither the size nor the direction of difference between samples, nor is there any indication of the attribute(s) responsible for the difference]. The method is applicable only if the products are homogeneous.
The method is effective for:
a) determining that:
either a perceptible difference results (triangle testing for difference);
a perceptible difference does not result (triangle testing for similarity),
when, for example, a change is made in ingredients, processing, packaging, handling or storage;
b) selecting, training and monitoring assessors.
Sensorische Analyse - Prüfverfahren - Dreiecksprüfung (ISO 4120:2021)
Dieses Dokument legt ein Verfahren zur Feststellung, ob zwischen den Proben von zwei Prüfmaterialien ein wahrnehmbarer sensorischer Unterschied oder eine Ähnlichkeit vorhanden ist, fest. Bei dem Verfahren wird nach dem „Forced Choice“ Prinzip vorgegangen. Das Verfahren ist anwendbar, wenn ein Unterschied bei einem einzelnen sensorischen Merkmal oder bei mehreren Merkmalen vorliegt.
Das Verfahren ist statistisch aussagekräftiger als die Duo Trio Prüfung (beschrieben in ISO 10399), hat aber eine begrenzte Anwendung bei Prüfmaterialien, die starke überdeckende und/oder nachwirkende olfaktorische/gustatorische Eindrücke hinterlassen.
Das Verfahren ist auch dann anwendbar, wenn die Art des Unterschiedes unbekannt ist (d. h. es bestimmt weder Größe noch Richtung eines Unterschiedes zwischen den Proben noch liefert es Hinweise auf Merkmale, die für den Unterschied verantwortlich sind). Das Verfahren ist nur anwendbar, wenn die Prüfmaterialien homogen sind.
Das Verfahren eignet sich für
a) die Untersuchung daraufhin,
1) ob ein wahrnehmbarer Unterschied resultiert (Dreiecksprüfung auf Unterschied);
2) ob kein wahrnehmbarer Unterschied resultiert (Dreiecksprüfung auf Ähnlichkeit),
wenn zum Beispiel eine Änderung von Zutaten, Verarbeitung, Verpackung, Behandlung oder Lagerung vorgenommen wurde.
b) für die Auswahl, Schulung und Leistungsüberprüfung von Prüfpersonen.
Analyse sensorielle - Méthodologie - Essai triangulaire (ISO 4120:2021)
Le présent document spécifie un mode opératoire permettant de déterminer s'il existe une différence sensorielle perceptible ou une similitude entre les échantillons de deux produits. La méthode est une procédure à choix forcé. Elle s'applique s'il existe une différence pour une seule propriété sensorielle ou pour plusieurs.
La méthode est statistiquement plus efficace que l'essai duo-trio (décrit dans l'ISO 10399), mais est d'une utilisation limitée pour les produits présentant une forte rémanence et/ou des arômes persistants.
La méthode est applicable même lorsque la nature de la différence est inconnue [ce qui signifie qu'elle ne détermine ni la taille ni le sens de la différence entre des échantillons et qu'elle ne donne pas non plus d'indications sur la ou les propriétés à l'origine de cette différence]. La présente méthode n'est applicable que si les produits sont homogènes.
La méthode est efficace dans les cas suivants:
a) pour déterminer:
qu'il existe une différence perceptible (essai triangulaire de différence);
qu'il n'existe pas de différence perceptible (essai triangulaire de similitude),
quand, par exemple, des modifications sont apportées aux ingrédients, à la transformation, à l'emballage, aux opérations de manutention ou de stockage;
b) pour sélectionner, entraîner et contrôler les sujets.
Senzorična analiza - Metodologija - Trikotni "triangel" preskus (ISO 4120:2021)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2021
Nadomešča:
SIST EN ISO 4120:2007
Senzorična analiza - Metodologija - Trikotni "triangel" preskus (ISO 4120:2021)
Sensory analysis - Methodology - Triangle test (ISO 4120:2021)
Sensorische Analyse - Prüfverfahren - Dreiecksprüfung (ISO 4120:2021)
Analyse sensorielle - Méthodologie - Essai triangulaire (ISO 4120:2021)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 4120:2021
ICS:
67.240 Senzorična analiza Sensory analysis
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN ISO 4120
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
March 2021
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 67.240 Supersedes EN ISO 4120:2007
English Version
Sensory analysis - Methodology - Triangle test (ISO
4120:2021)
Analyse sensorielle - Méthodologie - Essai triangulaire Sensorische Analyse - Prüfverfahren - Dreiecksprüfung
(ISO 4120:2021) (ISO 4120:2021)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 23 February 2021.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 4120:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 4120:2021) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 34 "Food
products" in collaboration with CCMC.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2021, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2021.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 4120:2007.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 4120:2021 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 4120:2021 without any modification.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 4120
Third edition
2021-03
Sensory analysis — Methodology —
Triangle test
Analyse sensorielle — Méthodologie — Essai triangulaire
Reference number
ISO 4120:2021(E)
©
ISO 2021
ISO 4120:2021(E)
© ISO 2021
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
ISO 4120:2021(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
5 General test conditions and requirements . 2
6 Assessors . 3
6.1 Qualification . 3
6.2 Number of assessors . 3
7 Procedure. 4
8 Analysis and interpretation of results . 4
8.1 When testing for a difference . 4
8.2 When testing for similarity. 5
9 Test report . 5
10 Precision and bias . 5
Annex A (normative) Tables . 7
Annex B (informative) Examples .12
Bibliography .17
ISO 4120:2021(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by ISO/TC 34, Food products, Subcommittee SC 12, Sensory analysis, in
collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/
SS C01, Food Products, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and
CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 4120:2004), which has been technically
revised. The main changes compared with the previous edition are as follows:
— the document has been generalized beyond food and beverage applications;
— guidance on how to use the Thurstonian model in addition to the previously emphasized guessing
model has been added.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4120:2021(E)
Sensory analysis — Methodology — Triangle test
1 Scope
This document specifies a procedure for determining whether a perceptible sensory difference or
similarity exists between samples of two products. The method is a forced-choice procedure. The
method is applicable whether a difference exists in a single sensory attribute or in several attributes.
The method is statistically more efficient than the duo-trio test (described in ISO 10399), but has
limited use with products that exhibit strong carryover and/or lingering flavours.
The method is applicable even when the nature of the difference is unknown [i.e. it determines neither
the size nor the direction of difference between samples, nor is there any indication of the attribute(s)
responsible for the difference]. The method is applicable only if the products are homogeneous.
The method is effective for:
a) determining that:
1) either a perceptible difference results (triangle testing for difference);
2) a perceptible difference does not result (triangle testing for similarity),
when, for example, a change is made in ingredients, processing, packaging, handling or storage;
b) selecting, training and monitoring assessors.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 5492, Sensory analysis — Vocabulary
ISO 8589, Sensory analysis — General guidance for the design of test rooms
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5492 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
alpha-risk
α-risk
probability of concluding that a perceptible difference exists when one does not
Note 1 to entry: This is also known as Type I error, significance level or false positive rate.
ISO 4120:2021(E)
3.2
beta-risk
β-risk
probability of concluding that no meaningful difference exists when one does
Note 1 to entry: This is also known as Type II error or false negative rate.
3.3
difference
situation in which samples can be d
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.