EN 1993-1-9:2005

Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part 1-9: Fatigue

This Part presents a general method for the fatigue assessment of structures and structural elements which are subjected to repeated fluctuations of stresses. The fatigue strengths specified in this Part 1-9 are applicable to structures with suitable corrosion protection and maintenance during the required life time, subjected only to mildly corrosive environments, such as normal atmospheric conditions (pit depth < or = 1 mm).

Eurocode 3: Bemessung und Konstruktion von Stahlbauten - Teil 1-9: Ermüdung

(1)   EN 1993-1-9 enthält Nachweisverfahren zur Prüfung der Ermüdungsfestigkeit von Bauteilen, Verbindungen und Anschlüssen, die unter Ermüdungsbeanspruchung stehen.
(2)   Die Nachweisverfahren basieren auf Ergebnissen von Ermüdungsversuchen mit bauteilähnlichen Prüfkörpern mit geometrischen und strukturellen Imperfektionen, die von der Stahlproduktion und Bauteilherstellung herrühren (z. B. Herstellungstoleranzen und Eigenspannungen infolge Schweißens).
ANMERKUNG 1   Zu Toleranzen siehe EN 1090. Solange EN 1090 noch nicht veröffentlicht ist, darf die Wahl der Ausführungsnorm im Nationalen Anhang geregelt werden.
ANMERKUNG 2   Informationen zu Anforderungen an die Herstellungsüberwachung dürfen im Nationalen Anhang gegeben werden.
(3)   Die Regelungen gelten für Bauteile, die nach EN 1090 ausgeführt werden.
ANMERKUNG      Gegebenenfalls sind zusätzliche Anforderungen in den Kerbschlagtabellen angegeben.
(4)   Die in EN 1993-1-9 angegebenen Nachweisverfahren gelten in gleicher Weise für Baustähle, nicht-rostende Stähle und ungeschützte wetterfeste Stähle, soweit in den Kerbfalltabellen keine anderen Angaben gemacht werden. EN 1993-1-9 gilt nur für Werkstoffe, die den Zähigkeitsanforderungen nach EN 1993-1-10 genügen.
(5)   EN 1993-1-9 enthält das Nachweisverfahren mit Ermüdungsfestigkeitskurven (Wöhlerlinien). Andere Verfahren oder Konzepte wie das Kerbgrundkonzept oder das bruchmechanische Konzept werden in EN 1993-1-9 nicht behandelt.
(6)   Andere Nachbehandlungsmethoden als Spannungsarmglühen zur Erhöhung der Ermüdungsfestigkeit werden in EN 1993-1-9 nicht behandelt.
(7)   Die in EN 1993-1-9 angegebenen Ermüdungsfestigkeiten gelten für Konstruktionen unter normalen atmosphärischen Bedingungen und ausreichendem Korrosionsschutz. Korrosionserscheinungen infolge Seewasser werden nicht behandelt; Zeitschäden aus hohen Temperaturen (>150 °C) werden ebenfalls nicht behandelt.

Eurocode 3: Calcul des structures en acier - Partie 1-9: Fatigue

Evrokod 3: Projektiranje jeklenih konstrukcij – 1-9. del: Utrujanje

Področje uporabe
(1)EN 1993-1-9 navaja metode za oceno odpornosti proti utrujanju pri elementih, spojih in vozliščih, ki so izpostavljeni obtežbi utrujanja.
(2)Te metode izhajajo iz preskusov utrujanja, izvedenih s preskušanci v naravni velikosti, pri katerih so se upoštevali vplivi geometrijskih in konstrukcijskih nepopolnosti zaradi izdelave materiala in izdelave konstrukcijskih elementov (npr. vplivi toleranc in zaostalih napetosti od varjenja).
OPOMBA 1:Za tolerance glej EN 1090. Do objave EN 1090 je lahko v nacionalnem dodatku predpisan drug standard za izvedbo jeklenih konstrukcij.
OPOMBA 2:   V nacionalnem dodatku so lahko navedene dodatne informacije o zahtevah glede nadzora med izdelavo konstrukcij.
(3)Pravila veljajo za konstrukcije, katerih izvedba je v skladu z EN 1090.
OPOMBA:Kadar je primerno, se dodatne zahteve navedejo v preglednicah s kategorijami konstrukcijskih detajlov.
(4)Metode, navedene v tem delu, veljajo za vse kakovosti konstrukcijskih jekel, nerjavnih jekel, nezaščitenih vremensko odpornih jekel, razen kadar je v preglednicah kategorij konstrukcijskih detajlov navedeno drugače. Ta del velja za materiale, ki izpolnjujejo zahteve glede žilavosti, navedene v EN 1993-1-10.
(5)Druge metode za oceno odpornosti proti utrujanju, razen metode R-N, kot na primer metoda »notch strain« ali metode lomne mehanike, v tem delu niso obravnavane.
(6)Naknadni postopki za izboljšanje odpornosti proti utrujanju, razen popuščanja zaostalih napetosti, v tem delu niso obravnavani.
Trdnosti utrujanja, navedene v tem delu, veljajo za konstrukcije, ki delujejo v normalnih atmosferskih pogojih in so redno vzdrževane. Vplivi korozije zaradi morske vode niso vključeni. Mikropoškodbe zaradi visokih temperatur (>150 °C) niso vključene.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 10-May-2005
• Withdrawal Date: 30-Mar-2010
• ICS: 91.010.30 - Technical aspects
• ICS: 91.080.13 - Steel structures
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 250 - Structural Eurocodes
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 250/SC 3 - Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 11-May-2005
• Completion Date: 11-May-2005
• Directive: 305/2011 - Regulation (eu) No 305/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 march 2011 laying down harmonised conditions for the marketing of construction products and repealing council directive 89/106/eec
• Directive: 89/106/EEC - Construction products
• Mandate: M/265 - Mandate to CEN for the conversion of the Eurocodes from ENV into EN concerning the structural and geotechnical design of buildings and civil engineering works
• Mandate: M/BC/CEN/89/11 - Framework mandate to CEN on Eurocode work : execution of a standardization programme on Eurocodes for the structural design of building and civil engineering works
• Ref Project: SIST EN 1993-1-9:2005 - Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part 1-9: Fatigue

Relations

• Replaces: ENV 1993-1-1:1992/A2:1998 - Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part 1-1: General - General rules and rules for buildings
• Effective Date: 22-Dec-2008
• Replaces: ENV 1993-1-1:1992/AC:1992 - Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings
• Effective Date: 22-Dec-2008
• Replaces: ENV 1993-1-1:1992/A1:1994 - Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part 1-1: General - General rules and rules for buildings
• Effective Date: 22-Dec-2008
• Corrected By: EN 1993-1-9:2005/AC:2009 - Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part 1-9: Fatigue
• Effective Date: 21-Jan-2009
• Corrected By: EN 1993-1-9:2005/AC:2005 - Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part 1-9: Fatigue
• Effective Date: 22-Dec-2008
• Revised: FprEN 1993-1-9 - Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part 1-9: Fatigue
• Effective Date: 19-Jan-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-oktober-2005
Evrokod 3: Projektiranje jeklenih konstrukcij – 1-9. del: Utrujanje
Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part 1-9: Fatigue
Eurocode 3: Bemessung und Konstruktion von Stahlbauten - Teil 1-9: Ermüdung
Eurocode 3: Calcul des structures en acier - Partie 1-9: Fatigue
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 1993-1-9:2005
ICS:
91.010.30 7HKQLþQLYLGLNL Technical aspects
91.080.10 Kovinske konstrukcije Metal structures
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1993-1-9

NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
May 2005
ICS 91.010.30 Supersedes ENV 1993-1-1:1992
English version
Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part 1-9: Fatigue
Eurocode 3: Calcul des structures en acier - Partie 1-9: Eurocode 3: Bemessung und Konstruktion von Stahlbauten
Fatigue - Teil 1-9: Ermüdung
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 23 April 2004.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 1993-1-9:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

EN 1993-1-9 : 2005 (E)
Contents
Page
1 General . 6
1.1 Scope . 6
1.2 Normative references. 6
1.3 Terms and definitions . 6
1.4 Symbols . 9
2 Basic requirements and methods . 9
3 Assessment methods .10
4 Stresses from fatigue actions .11
5 Calculation of stresses .12
6 Calculation of stress ranges .13
6.1 General .13
6.2 Design value of nominal stress range .13
6.3 Design value of modified nominal stress range.14
6.4 Design value of stress range for welded joints of hollow sections.14
6.5 Design value of stress range for geometrical (hot spot) stress .14
7 Fatigue strength .14
7.1 General .14
7.2 Fatigue strength modifications .17
8 Fatigue verification.18
Annex A [normative] – Determination of fatigue load parameters and verification formats .30
Annex B [normative] – Fatigue resistance using the geometric (hot spot) stress method.33

EN 1993-1-9 : 2005 (E)
Foreword
This European Standard EN 1993, Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures, has been prepared by Technical
Committee CEN/TC250 « Structural Eurocodes », the Secretariat of which is held by BSI. CEN/TC250 is
responsible for all Structural Eurocodes.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a National Standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2005, and conflicting National Standards shall be withdrawn
at latest by March 2010.
This Eurocode supersedes ENV 1993-1-1.

According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the National Standard Organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement these European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland and United Kingdom.

Background to the Eurocode programme

In 1975, the Commission of the European Community decided on an action programme in the field of
construction, based on article 95 of the Treaty. The objective of the programme was the elimination of
technical obstacles to trade and the harmonization of technical specifications.

Within this action programme, the Commission took the initiative to establish a set of harmonized technical
rules for the design of construction works which, in a first stage, would serve as an alternative to the national
rules in force in the Member States and, ultimately, would replace them.

For fifteen years, the Commission, with the help of a Steering Committee with Representatives of Member
States, conducted the development of the Eurocodes programme, which led to the first generation of
European codes in the 1980s.
In 1989, the Commission and the Member States of the EU and EFTA decided, on the basis of an agreement
between the Commission and CEN, to transfer the preparation and the publication of the Eurocodes to CEN
through a series of Mandates, in order to provide them with a future status of European Standard (EN). This
links de facto the Eurocodes with the provisions of all the Council’s Directives and/or Commission’s
Decisions dealing with European standards (e.g. the Council Directive 89/106/EEC on construction products
- CPD - and Council Directives 93/37/EEC, 92/50/EEC and 89/440/EEC on public works and services and
equivalent EFTA Directives initiated in pursuit of setting up the internal market).

The Structural Eurocode programme comprises the following standards generally consisting of a number of
Parts:
EN 1990 Eurocode 0: Basis of Structural Design
EN 1991 Eurocode 1: Actions on structures
EN 1992 Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures
EN 1993 Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures
EN 1994 Eurocode 4: Design of composite steel and concrete structures
EN 1995 Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures
EN 1996 Eurocode 6: Design of masonry structures
EN 1997 Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design
EN 1998 Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance
EN 1999 Eurocode 9: Design of aluminium structures

Agreement between the Commission of the European Communities and the European Committee for Standardisation (CEN)
concerning the work on EUROCODES for the design of building and civil engineering works (BC/CEN/03/89).
EN 1993-1-9 : 2005 (E)
Eurocode standards recognize the responsibility of regulatory authorities in each Member State and have
safeguarded their right to determine values related to regulatory safety matters at national level where these
continue to vary from State to State.

Status and field of application of Eurocodes

The Member States of the EU and EFTA recognize that Eurocodes serve as reference documents for the
following purposes :
– as a means to prove compliance of building and civil engineering works with the essential requirements
of Council Directive 89/106/EEC, particularly Essential Requirement N°1 – Mechanical resistance and
stability – and Essential Requirement N°2 – Safety in case of fire;

– as a basis for specifying contracts for construction works and related engineering services;

– as a framework for drawing up harmonized technical specifications for construction products (ENs and
ETAs)
The Eurocodes, as far as they concern the construction works themselves, have a direct relationship with the
Interpretative Documents referred to in Article 12 of the CPD, although they are of a different nature from
harmonized product standards . Therefore, technical aspects arising from the Eurocodes work need to be
adequately considered by CEN Technical Committees and/or EOTA Working Groups working on product
standards with a view to achieving full compatibility of these technical specifications with the Eurocodes.

The Eurocode standards provide common structural design rules for everyday use for the design of whole
structures and component products of both a traditional and an innovative nature. Unusual forms of
construction or design conditions are not specifically covered and additional expert consideration will be
required by the designer in such cases.

National Standards implementing Eurocodes

The National Standards implementing Eurocodes will comprise the full text of the Eurocode (including any
annexes), as published by CEN, which may be preceded by a National title page and National foreword, and
may be followed by a National annex.

The National annex may only contain information on those parameters which are left open in the Eurocode
for national choice, known as Nationally Determined Parameters, to be used for the design of buildings and
civil engineering works to be constructed in the country concerned, i.e. :
– values and/or classes where alternatives are given in the Eurocode,
– values to be used where a symbol only is given in the Eurocode,
– country specific data (geographical, climatic, etc.), e.g. snow map,
– the procedure to be used where alternative procedures are given in the Eurocode.
It may contain
– decisions on the application of informative annexes,
– references to non-contradictory complementary information to assist the user to apply the Eurocode.

According to Art. 3.3 of the CPD, the essential requirements (ERs) shall be given concrete form in interpretative documents for the
creation of the necessary links between the essential requirements and the mandates for harmonized ENs and ETAGs/ETAs.
According to Art. 12 of the CPD the interpretative documents shall :
a) give concrete form to the essential requirements by harmonizing the terminology and the technical bases and indicating classes or levels for each
requirement where necessary ;
b) indicate methods of correlating these classes or levels of requirement with the technical specifications, e.g. methods of calculation and of proof,
technical rules for project design, etc. ;
c) serve as a reference for the establishment of harmonized standards and guidelines for European technical approvals.

The Eurocodes, de facto, play a similar role in the field of the ER 1 and a part of ER 2.
EN 1993-1-9 : 2005 (E)
Links between Eurocodes and harmonized technical specifications (ENs and ETAs) for
products
There is a need for consistency between the harmonized technical specifications for construction products
and the technical rules for works . Furthermore, all the information accompanying the CE Marking of the
construction products which refer to Eurocodes should clearly mention which Nationally Determined
Parameters have been taken into account.

National annex for EN 1993-1-9

This standard gives alternative procedures, values and recommendations with notes indicating where national
choices may have to be made. The National Standard implementing EN 1993-1-9 should have a National
Annex containing all Nationally Determined Parameters for the design of steel structures to be constructed in
the relevant country.
National choice is allowed in EN 1993-1-9 through:
– 1.1(2)
– 2(2)
– 2(4)
– 3(2)
– 3(7)
– 5(2)
– 6.1(1)
– 6.2(2)
– 7.1(3)
– 7.1(5)
– 8(4)
see Art.3.3 and Art.12 of the CPD, as well as clauses 4.2, 4.3.1, 4.3.2 and 5.2 of ID 1.
EN 1993-1-9 : 2005 (E)
1 General
1.1 Scope
(1) EN 1993-1-9 gives methods for the assessment of fatigue resistance of members, connections and
joints subjected to fatigue loading.

(2) These methods are derived from fatigue tests with large scale specimens, that include effects of
geometrical and structural imperfections from material production and execution (e.g. the effects of
tolerances and residual stresses from welding).

NOTE 1 For tolerances see EN 1090. The choice of the execution standard may be given in the
National Annex, until such time as EN 1090 is published.

NOTE 2 The National Annex may give supplementary information on inspectio
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