prEN 10249-1

Cold formed steel sheet piling - Part 1: Technical delivery conditions

This part of this European Standard specifies the requirements for cold formed non alloy steel sheet piling produced from hot rolled strip or sheet with a thickness equal to oe greater than 2 mm in respect of its chemical composition, mechanical and technological properties and delivery conditions.The products specified are for general, structural and civil engineering works.Requirements in respect of tolerances on shape and dimensions are specified in Part 2 of this European Standard.

Kaltgeformte Spundbohlen aus unlegierten Stählen - Teil 1: Technische Leiferbedingungen

Dieser Teil der Europäischen Norm enthält die Anforderungen an kaltgeformte, unlegierte Stahlspundbohlen aus warmgewalztem Band oder Blech mit einer Dicke ³ 2 mm hinsichtlich ihrer chemischen Zusammensetzung, mechanischen und technologischen Eigenschaften sowie Lieferbedingungen.
Die angegebenen Erzeugnisse eignen sich für allgemeine Zwecke, Stahlbau und Tiefbauarbeiten.
Festlegungen für die Grenzabmaße und Formtoleranzen sind in Teil 2 dieser Europäischen Norm enthalten.

Palplanches en acier formées à froid - Partie 1: Conditions techniques de livraison

La présente partie de cette Norme européenne spécifie les prescriptions relatives à la composition chimique, aux caractéristiques mécaniques et aux conditions de livraison des palplanches en acier allié ou non allié formées à froid à partir de bandes ou tôles laminées à chaud d’épaisseur égale ou supérieure à 2 mm.
Les produits spécifiés sont destinés à être utilisés dans la réalisation d'ouvrages divers, d'ouvrages de génie civil et d'éléments de construction.
Les exigences relatives aux tolérances de forme et de dimensions sont spécifiés dans la partie 2 de la présente Norme européenne.

Hladno oblikovane zagate iz nelegiranih jekel - 1. del: Tehnični dobavni pogoji

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• ICS: 77.140.70 - Steel profiles
• Technical Committee: ECISS/TC 103 - Structural steels other than reinforcements
• Drafting Committee: ECISS/TC 10/SC 4 - Sheet piling
• Current Stage: 4098 - Decision to abandon - Enquiry
• Completion Date: 22-Jan-2021
• Directive: 305/2011 - Regulation (eu) No 305/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 march 2011 laying down harmonised conditions for the marketing of construction products and repealing council directive 89/106/eec
• Directive: 89/106/EEC - Construction products
• Mandate: M/120 - Mandate to CEN/CENELEC concerning the execution of standardization work for harmonized standards on structural metallic products and ancillaries
• Ref Project: oSIST prEN 10249-1:2006 - Cold formed steel sheet piling - Part 1: Technical delivery conditions

Relations

• Revises: EN 10249-1:1995 - Cold formed sheet piling of non alloy steels - Part 1: Technical delivery conditions
• Effective Date: 18-Jan-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 10249-1:2006
01-junij-2006
+ODGQRREOLNRYDQH]DJDWHL]QHOHJLUDQLKMHNHOGHO7HKQLþQLGREDYQLSRJRML
Cold formed steel sheet piling - Part 1: Technical delivery conditions
Kaltgeformte Spundbohlen aus unlegierten Stählen - Teil 1: Technische
Leiferbedingungen
Palplanches en acier formées a froid - Partie 1: Conditions techniques de livraison
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 10249-1
ICS:
77.140.45 Nelegirana jekla Non-alloyed steels
77.140.70 Jekleni profili Steel profiles
oSIST prEN 10249-1:2006 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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oSIST prEN 10249-1:2006

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oSIST prEN 10249-1:2006
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 10249-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
March 2006
ICS 77.140.70 Will supersede EN 10249-1:1995
English Version
Cold formed steel sheet piling - Part 1: Technical delivery
conditions
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee ECISS/TC 10.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 10249-1:2006: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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Contents
Foreword.3
1 Scope .4
2 Normative references .4
3 Terms and definitions .5
4 Information to be supplied by the purchaser .5
5 Mass of steel .5
6 Classification and designation.5
7 Technical requirements .6
8 Inspection and testing.8
9 Marking .10
10 Options .11
11 Evaluation of Conformity.11
Annex C Evaluation of conformity.17
C.1 General.17
C.2 Initial type testing by the manufacturer .17
C.2.1 General.17
C.2.2 Intensive routine testing .18
C.2.3 Documentation.18
C.3 Testing of samples taken at the factory by the manufacturer .18
C.4 Factory production control (FPC) .18
C.4.1 General.18
C.4.2 Equipment .18
C.4.3 Raw materials.19
C.4.4 Product testing and evaluation .19
C.4.5 Non-conforming products .19
Continuous surveillance, assessment and approval of factory production control (FPC). .20
C.1General.20
C.4.6 Routine inspection .20
C.4.7 Extraordinary inspection .20
C.4.8 Measures in case of non-conformity.20
Annex ZA (informative)  Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the EU
Construction Products Directive .21
ZA.1 Scope and relevant characteristics .21
ZA.2 Procedure(s) for the attestation of conformity of hot rolled steel sheet-piling .22
ZA.2.1 Systems of attestation of conformity .22
ZA.2.2 EC certificate and declaration of conformity.23
ZA.3 CE marking and labelling.24

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Foreword
This document (prEN 10249-1:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee ECISS/TC 10 “Structural steels -
Grades and qualities”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 10249-1:1995.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European
Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of the EU Construction Products
Directive(89/106/EEC)).
For relationship with EU Construction Products Directive (89/106/EEC)), see informative Annex ZA, which is an
integral part of this document.
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1 Scope
This part of this European Standard specifies the requirements for cold formed non alloy and alloy steel sheet piling
produced from hot rolled strip or sheet with a thickness equal to or greater than 2 mm in respect of its chemical
composition, mechanical and technological properties and delivery conditions.
The products specified are for general, structural and civil engineering works.
Requirements concerning the tolerances on shape and dimensions are specified in Part 2 of this European
Standard.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For
dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European
Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the
publication referred to applies (including amendments).
EN 1011-2, Welding – Recommendations for welding of metallic materials – Part 2 : Arc welding of ferritic steels
EN 10002-1, Metallic materials - Tensile testing - Part 1 : Method of test at ambient temperature.
EN 10020, Definition and classification of grades of steel.
EN 10021, General technical delivery requirements for steel and steel products.
EN 10025-2, Hot rolled products of structural steels – Part 2 : Technical delivery conditions for non alloy structural
steels.
EN 10027-1, Designation system for steel - Part 1 : Steel names principal symbols.
EN 10027-2, Designation system for steel - Part 2 : Steel numbers.
EN 10079, Definition of steel products.
EN 10111, Hot rolled non coated mild unalloyed sheet and strip for cold forming. Technical delivery conditions
rEN 10149-1, Hot rolled flat products made of high yield strength steels for cold forming - Part 1 : General delivery
conditions
EN 10149-2, Hot rolled flat products made of high yield strength steels for cold forming - Part 2 : Delivery conditions
for thermomechanical rolled steels.
EN 10149-3, Hot rolled flat products made of high yield strength steels for cold forming - Part 3 : Delivery conditions
for normalized/normalized rolled steels.
EN 10168, Iron and steel products − Inspection document – Contents
EN 10204, Metallic products - Types of inspection documents.
prEN 10249-2, Cold formed steel sheet piling - Part 2 :Tolerances on shape and dimensions.
EN ISO 377, Steel and steel products – Location and preparation of samples and test pieces for mechanical testing.
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EN ISO 14284, Steel and iron – Sampling and preparation of samples for the determination of chemical
composition.
CR 10261, ECISS Information Circular 11 - Iron and steel - Review of available methods of chemical analysis
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 10020, EN 10021 and EN
10079 and the following apply.
3.1 cold formed sheet piling
Products made by cold forming on a rolling machine or on a brake press ; the form of the product is such that when
interlocking their joints or overlapping the profiles ends, they constitute a continuous sheet piling structure.
4 Information to be supplied by the purchaser
4.1 General
The following information shall be supplied by the purchaser, at the time of the enquiry and order :
a) details of the product form, length, quantity and any further processing work that is required, e.g. surface
treatment,
b) the designation of the product (in accordance with 6.2),
c) whether products have to be submitted to inspection and testing and if inspection and testing is required, which
type of inspection and which inspection document is required (see 8.1.2).
Where no specific choice is made by the purchaser concerning a) and b), the supplier shall refer back to the
purchaser.
NOTE It is recommended that the manufacturer be informed by the purchaser at the time of the order , if the purchaser
intends to carry out any surface treatment on the product after delivery.
4.2 Options
A number of options are specified in clause 10. In the event that the purchaser does not indicate a requirement to
implement any of these options, the product shall be supplied in accordance with the basic specification.
5 Mass of steel
3
The calculated mass shall be determined using a conventional volumetric mass of 7,85 kg/dm .
6 Classification and designation
6.1 Classification
This European Standard considers seven steel grades suitable for cold forming :
� Steel EN10025-2 – S235JRC
� Steel EN10025-2 – S275JRC
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� Steel EN10025-2 – S355J0C
� Steel EN10149-2 – S355MC
� Steel EN10149-3 – S355NC
� Steel EN10149-2 – S420MC
� Steel EN10149-3 – S420NC
6.2 Designation
)
1
6.2.1 Steel names  are assigned to steel grades in accordance with EN 10027-1. Steel numbers are allocated to
steel grades in accordance with EN 10027-2.
6.2.2 The products covered by this European Standard shall be designated in the following sequence :
a) the name of the product, i.e. "Sheet piling",
b) the number of this European Standard, i.e. EN 10249,
c) the steel name or number.
EXAMPLE : Sheet piling EN 10249-S235JRC or Sheet piling EN 10249-1.0122
indicates a sheet piling in accordance with EN 10249 made of steel S235JRC (Steel number 1.0122).
7 Technical requirements
7.1 Steel manufacturing process
7.1.1 The steel manufacturing process shall be at the manufacturer's option. Where specified at the time of the
enquiry and order, the steel manufacturing process shall be reported to the purchaser.
Option 1 See 10.2
7.1.2 The method of deoxidation shall be at the discretion of the manufacturer, except that rimming steel shall not
be permitted.
7.2 Delivery conditions
Unless otherwise agreed, sheet piles shall be delivered in the as cold formed condition.
Option 2 : See 10.3
7.3 Chemical composition
The chemical compositions for both the ladle and the product analyses shall comply with the values given in Tables
1 and 2 in conformity with EN 10025-2, EN 10149-2 and EN 10149-3.

)
1
  Former national designations (steel names) are listed in annex B
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7.4 Mechanical properties
In the delivery condition as specified in 7.2, the mechanical properties shall comply with Table 3 in conformity with
the relevant requirements of EN 10025-2, EN 10149-2 and EN 10149-3 respectively. The test specimen shall be
taken from the source material or from the cold-formed sheet piling.
7.5 Technological properties
7.5.1 Weldability
In general, steels for cold formed sheet pile are suitable for arc welding. General requirements for welding of the
grades listed in 6.1 are given in EN 1011- 2. .
7.5.2 Durability
Durability is dependent on the chemical composition of steel.
NOTE Steels specified in this European Standard can be used in general, structural and civil engineering works without
any specific corrosion protection. In this case, the durability of the sheet-piling wall can be ensured by a sacrificial thickness for
corrosion allowance. The corrosion rates to be accounted for in order to calculate the sacrificial thickness depend on the
environment where sheet-piling are exposed and on the service life of the sheet-piling structure. The sacrificial thickness for
corrosion allowance shall be determined according to the corrosion rates defined in Eurocode EN 1993-5. The durability of steel
sheet-piling can also be enhanced by suitable corrosion protections like organic coatings, metallic coatings, or cathodic
protection.
7.5.2.1 Suitability for hot-dip zinc coating
Where specified at the time of the enquiry and order, the suitability and the relevant product quality requirements
for hot dip zinc coating may be agreed.
Option 3 : See 10.4
7.6 Load bearing capacity
7.6.1 General
The design of steel sheet-piling structures requires on one hand determination of the actions on the structure, for
instance the earth pressure, the water pressure, the surface surcharge, etc…, and on the other hand determination
of the appropriate resistances. The actions will give rise to effects all over the structure, for instance internal forces
and moments, stresses, strains and displacements. Additional local effects will also be produced for instance at
points of load applications. The resistances of the sheet-piling to the effects of the loads shall be determined
according to the calculation methods defined in Eurocode EN 1993-5.
7.6.2 Section resistance determined according to EN 1993-5
In general, the section resistance can be expressed as the product of the material strength, depending on the steel
grade, by a specified geometrical section property, depending on the nominal dimensions of the section. The
guidelines for calculating the section properties from the sheet-piling nominal dimensions are given in the normative
Annex A.
7.7 Tolerances on dimensions and shape
The tolerances on dimensions and shape defined in prEN 10249-2 shall apply. The manufacturer shall declare the
dimensional form of the sheet-piles.
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7.8 Surface condition
The products shall be sound and free from any surface flaws which might preclude its use for the purpose for which
it is intended.
Cutting burrs which may exist at the ends of the sheet piling are acceptable provided that they do not impair the
fitness of the profiles to be interlocked and their use.
8 Inspection and testing
8.1 General
8.1.1 The products shall be delivered either with specific or non-specific inspection and testing to indicate
compliance with the order and this European standard.
Option 4 : see 10.5
8.1.2 If specific inspection and testing is requested, then it shall be carried out according to 8.2 to 8.8.
8.1.3 Unless otherwise agreed at the time of the enquiry and order, inspection of surface conditions and
dimensions shall be carried out by the manufacturer.
Option 5 : see 10.6
8.2 Specific inspection and testing
Where specific inspection and testing is specified (see 4.1.c), the following tests shall be made :
� the chemical analysis on the hot rolled coil (see 8.4)
� the tensile test on the hot rolled coil (see 8.5).
At the time of the order, the following additional tests can be agreed:
� the chemical analysis on the cold-formed sheet-piling
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Option 6, see 10.7
� the tensile test on the cold-formed sheet-piling
Option 7, see 10.8

8.3 Inspection units
The inspection unit shall comprise products of the same section and the same steel grade as specified in Table 1,
produced from the same cast or sequence of casts of the same steel grade and shall have a maximum mass of
125 tonnes.
8.4 Chemical composition
Except when agreed otherwise at the time of enquiry and order, the chemical analysis shall be carried out on the
hot rolled coil material.
Where the product analysis is specified, the preparation of samples shall be in accordance with EN ISO 14284.
The purchaser shall specify the number of samples and the elements to be measured.
Option 6, see 10.7

The chemical analysis shall be carried out using appropriate documents. The choice of a suitable physical or
chemical analytical method shall be at the discretion of the manufacturer. The manufacturer shall declare the test
method used if required.
NOTE The list of the available documents on chemical analysis is given in CR 10261.
8.5 Tensile testing
Tensile testing shall be carried out on the hot rolled coil.
When agreed at the time of enquiry and order, the tensile test shall be carried out on the cold-formed sheet-piling.
Option 7, see10.8

8.5.1 Number of samples
One sample shall be taken from each inspection unit (see 8.3.).
8.5.2 Position and preparation of test pieces
Samples shall be taken from the hot rolled coil material or the cold formed sheet-piling ( see 10.8) and test pieces
prepared in accordance with EN ISO 377.
8.5.3 Test pieces
Test pieces shall comply with EN 10002-1.
Proportional test pieces having an initial gauge length L = 5,65 √S shall be used, where S is the initial cross
o o o
sectional area of the test piece.
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8.5.4 Test method
The tensile test shall be carried out in accordance with EN 10002-1. Tests shall be carried out in the temperature
range 10 °C to 35 °C.
For the specified yield strength in Table 3, the upper yield strength (R ) shall be determined.
eH
Where a yield phenomenon is not present, the 0,2 % proof strength (R ) or the proof strength, 0,5 % total
p0,2
extension (R ) shall be determined; in case of dispute the 0,2 % proof strength (R ) shall be determined.
t0,5 p0,2
8.5.5 Re-testing
Re-testing shall be in accordance with EN 10021.
8.6 Internal defects
Requirements concerning internal defects shall be in accordance with EN 10021.
8.7 Verification of the dimensional tolerances
The dimensional tolerances specified in prEN 10249-2 shall be verified on one sheet pile per inspection unit.
8.8 Inspection documents
Where specified at the time of the enquiry and order, one of the documents specified in EN 10204 shall be supplied.
In these documents, the information A, B and Z and if appropriate the code numbers C01-C03, C10-C13, C40-C43,
C70-C92 according to EN 10168 shall be included (see 4.1 c).
Option 4 : see 10.5
9 Marking
Where agreed at the time of the enquiry and order, a marking shall be applied.
Option 8: See 10.9
This marking shall be located at a position close to one end of each product or on the end cut face at the
manufacturer's discretion. Marking shall be by painting, stencilling, stamping, durable adhesive labels, attached
tags or by any other appropriate means.
Products may be supplied in securely tied bundles. In this case, the marking shall be on a label securely attached
to the bundle or fixed to the top product of the bundle.
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10 Options
10.1
Options which are available to the purchaser shall be specified as required at the time of the enquiry and order (see
4.2).
10.2 Option 1
The manufacturing process for the steel shall be indicated (see 7.1.1).
10.3 Option 2
An alternative delivery condition to as cold formed shall be required (see 7.2).
10.4 Option 3
The material shall be suitable for hot dip zinc coating (see 7.5.2.1).
10.5 Option 4
The products shall be submitted to specific inspection and testing and the type of inspection certificate to be
supplied in accordance with EN10204 (see 4.1 c, 8.1.1 and 8.8).
10.6 Option 5
The purchaser wishes to carry out inspection of dimensions and surface condition at the manufacturer's works (see
8.1.3).
10.7 Option 6
The purchaser asks for the determination of the chemical composition on the cold-formed sheet-piling (see 8.1 and
8.4).
10.8 Option 7
the purchaser asks for the determination of the mechanical properties on the cold-formed sheet-piling (see 8.1 and
8.5).
10.9 Option 8
A marking shall be applied (see clause 9 ).
11 Evaluation of Conformity
Where evaluation of conformity is required for regulatory purpose Annex C shall apply.
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Table 1 — Chemical composition of the ladle analysis for EN10025-2 : S235JRC, S275JRC, S355J0C ; EN10149-2 : S355MC, S420MC ; EN10149-3 : S355NC, S420NC
Designation EN
Chemical composition
10027
in % by mass
C max for
Steel Steel
Si Mn P S N Cu Al Nb V Ti Other
nominal product
Name Number
max
max max
max max max max max max min max
thickness in mm

≤16 >16
- - - -
a) b) c)
S235JRC 1.0122 0,17 0,17 - 1,40 0,035 0,035 0,012 0,55
- - - -
a) b) c)
S275JRC 1.0128 0,21 0,21 - 1,50 0,035 0,035 0,012 0,55
- - - -
a) b) c)
S355J0C 1.0554 0,22 0,20 0,55 1,60 0,030 0,030 0,012 0,55
d)
d) d)
S355MC 1.0976 0,12 0,12 0,50 1,50 0,025 0,020 - - 0,015 0,09
0,20 0,15
e) d)
d) d)

S355NC 1.0977 0,18 0,18 0,50 1,60 0,025 0,015 - - 0,015 0,09
0,10 0,15
d)
d) d)
S420MC 1.0980 0,12 0,12 0,50 1,60 0,025 0,015 - - 0,015 0,09
0,20 0,15
e) d)
d) d)

S420NC 1.0981 0,20 0,20 0,50 1,60 0,025 0,015 - - 0,015 0,09
0,10 0,15
a) The maximum value for nitrogen does not apply if the chemical composition shows a minimum total Al content of 0,020 % or alternatively min 0,015% acid soluble Al, or if sufficient other N binding elements are
present. The N binding elements shall be mentioned in the inspection document.
b) Cu content above 0.40% may cause hot shortness during hot forming
c) If other elements are added, they shall be mentioned on the inspection document.
d) The sum of Nb, V, and Ti shall be max. 0,22%
e) If sufficient N-binding elements are present, the minimum Al content does not apply.

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Table 2 — Chemical composition of the product analysis for EN10025-2 : S235JRC, S275JRC, S355J0C
Designation EN 10027
Chemical composition
in % by mass
C max for
Steel Steel
Si Mn P S N Cu Other
nominal product
Name Number
max
max max max max max max
thickness in mm


≤16 >16
a) b) c)
S235JRC 1.0122 0,19 0,19 - 1,50 0,045 0,045 0,014 0,60
a) b) c)
S275JRC 1.0128 0,24 0,24 - 1,60 0,045 0,045 0,014 0,60
a) b) c)
S355J0C 1.0554 0,24 0,23 0,60 1,70 0,040 0,040 0,014 0,60
a) The maximum value for nitrogen does not apply if the chemical composition shows a minimum total Al content of 0,015 % or alternatively min 0,013% acid
soluble Al, or if sufficient other N binding elements are present. The N binding elements shall be mentioned in the inspection document.
b) Cu content above 0.45% may cause hot shortness during hot forming
c) If other elements are added, they shall be mentioned on the inspection document.

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Table 3 — Mechanical properties for EN10025-2 : S235JRC, S275JRC, S355J0C ; EN10149-2 : S355MC, S420MC ; EN10149-3 : S355NC, S420NC
Minimum yield strength R Tensile strength R Minimum percentage elongation after fracture
eH m
Designation EN 10027
%
c c
MPa
MPa

Steel Steel
Nominal thickness
L = 5,65 √S
0 o
Name Number
mm

≤16 >16
a)
long 26 - transverse 24
a) a) a)
S235JRC 1.0122 235 225 360 to 510
a)
long 23 - transverse 21
a) a) a)
S275JRC 1.0128 275 265 410 to 560
a) a) a) a)
S355J0C 1.0554 355 345 470 to 630 long 22 - transverse 20
b) b) b) b)
23
355 355 430 to 550
S355MC 1.0976
b)
b) b) b)
355 355 470 to 610 25
S355NC 1.0977
b) b) b) b)
19
420 420 480 to 620
S420MC 1.0980
b)
b) b) b)
420 420 530 to 670 23
S420NC 1.0981
a) For plate, strip and wide flats with widths ≥ 600 mm the direction transverse (t) to the rolling direction applies. For all other products the values apply for the
direction parallel (l) to the rolling direction.
b) The values apply for the direction parallel (l) to the rolling direction
2
c) 1 MPa = 1 N/mm .

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Annex A
Calculation of Geometrical Cross-sectional Properties
(Normative)



Geometrical cross-sectional properties, as second moment of area I, section modulus W, etc… shall be
calculated from nominal geometrical values of the section that are specified in the product specifications.
Note : In general, such nominal values should be such that the geometrical cross-sectional
properties calculated represent the expected values of the statistical distribution of properties
determined from the annual production. Thereby, the production is assumed to comply with
the standards for geometrical tolerances.
The reference axis for the section properties should be specified together with the section properties.
For the calculation of the geometrical cross-sectional properties, reference should be made to the
mathemat
...