EN 1021-1:2014

Furniture - Assessment of the ignitability of upholstered furniture - Part 1: Ignition source smouldering cigarette

This European Standard specifies a test method to assess the ignitability of material combinations, such as covers and fillings used in upholstered seating, when subjected to a smouldering cigarette as an ignition source.
The test measures only the ignitability of a combination of materials used in upholstered seating and not the ignitability of a particular finished item of furniture incorporating these materials.

Möbel - Bewertung der Entzündbarkeit von Polstermöbeln - Teil 1: Glimmende Zigarette als Zündquelle

Diese Europäische Norm legt ein Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung der Entzündbarkeit von Werkstoff-kombinationen wie Bezüge und Füllungen für gepolsterte Sitzmöbel fest, wenn diese einer glimmenden Zigarette als Zündquelle ausgesetzt sind.
Anhand der Prüfungen wird lediglich die Entzündbarkeit einer Kombination von Werkstoffen bestimmt, die zur Herstellung von gepolsterten Sitzmöbeln verwendet wird, nicht aber die Entzündbarkeit eines bestimmten fertigen Möbelstücks, das aus diesen Werkstoffen besteht.

Ameublement - Évaluation de l’allumabilité des meubles rembourrés - Partie 1 : Source d’allumage : cigarette en combustion

La présente Norme européenne décrit une méthode d’essai destinée à évaluer l’allumabilité de combinaisons de matériaux, comme des revêtements et des rembourrages de sièges, lorsque la source d’allumage à laquelle ils sont exposés est une cigarette en combustion.
Cet essai mesure uniquement l’allumabilité d’une combinaison de matériaux utilisés dans les sièges rembourrés et non l’allumabilité d’un article d’ameublement fini particulier qui incorpore ces matériaux.

Pohištvo - Ocenjevanje vžigljivosti oblazinjenega pohištva - 1. del: Vir vžiga: tleča cigareta

Standard EN 1021-1 določa preskusno metodo za ocenjevanje vžigljivosti kombinacij materialov, kot so prevleke in polnila, ki se uporabljajo v oblazinjenih sedežih, kadar so podvrženi tleči cigareti kot viru vžiga. Preskus meri le vžigljivost kombinacije materialov, ki se uporabljajo v oblazinjenih sedežih, in ne tudi vžigljivosti posameznega dokončanega kosa pohištva, ki vključuje te materiale.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 12-Aug-2014
• ICS: 13.220.40 - Ignitability and burning behaviour of materials and products
• ICS: 97.140 - Furniture
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 207 - Furniture
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 207/WG 9 - Test methods
• Current Stage: 9060 - Closure of 2 Year Review Enquiry - Review Enquiry
• Start Date: 02-Dec-2025
• Completion Date: 02-Dec-2025
• Ref Project: SIST EN 1021-1:2014 - Furniture - Assessment of the ignitability of upholstered furniture - Part 1: Ignition source smouldering cigarette

Relations

• Replaces: EN 1021-1:2006 - Furniture - Assessment of the ignitability of upholstered furniture - Part 1: Ignition source smouldering cigarette
• Effective Date: 08-Jun-2022

Overview - EN 1021-1:2014 (Furniture - Ignition source: smouldering cigarette)

EN 1021-1:2014 is a European Standard published by CEN that specifies a laboratory test method to assess the ignitability of material combinations used in upholstered seating when exposed to a smouldering cigarette. The standard measures the behaviour of assembled cover and filling combinations on a stylised seat/back (or seat/arm) test rig and is intended to evaluate ignitability of material composites - not the final, finished furniture item.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Scope and purpose
  • Tests ignitability of combinations of outer covers, inner covers and fillings when challenged by a smouldering cigarette.
  • Results apply to the tested material combination only, not to finished furniture.
• Ignition criteria
  • Defines progressive smouldering (self-propagating charring/incandescence without flame) and flaming ignition (combustion with visible flame).
  • Lists behaviours considered as progressive smouldering (e.g., smouldering to specimen edges, continuing after 1 hour, requiring active extinction).
• Test apparatus & rig
  • Describes a hinged steel test rig representing junctions between seat and back; mesh platforms and specified dimensions are part of the method.
  • Requires a controlled test enclosure (room >20 m³ or smaller enclosure with controlled airflow under 0.2 m/s near the rig).
• Ignition source specification
  • Uses an un-tipped cylindrical cigarette with defined length, diameter and mass, and a specified smouldering rate test method (to ensure consistent ignition energy).
• Procedure & conditioning
  • Preparation, conditioning and atmosphere requirements for specimens.
  • Special pre-treatment (water soaking and drying) for chemically treated covers (see Annex D).
• Health & safety
  • Tests can produce severe flaming or persistent smouldering - requires fume extraction, extinguisher provisions and safe enclosure.
• Documentation
  • Annexes include guidance for designers/specifiers, a model test report, rig cleaning and a water soaking procedure.

Applications - who uses this standard

• Furniture manufacturers and fabric suppliers seeking to assess the fire performance of upholstery material combinations.
• Independent fire and product testing laboratories performing compliance testing.
• Designers, specifiers and procurement teams requiring documented evidence of upholstery ignitability for contracts or safety compliance.
• Regulatory bodies and conformity assessors referencing harmonized European test methods for upholstered seating.

Related standards (if applicable)

• EN 1021-1:2014 is part of a series on the ignitability of upholstered furniture using different ignition sources. Consult CEN publications or national standards bodies for the other parts of the series and for national implementation details.

Keywords: EN 1021-1:2014, upholstered furniture, ignitability test, smouldering cigarette, furniture fire safety, cover and filling, CEN, test rig.

Standards Content (Sample)

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.FLJDUHWDMöbel - Bewertung der Entzündbarkeit von Polstermöbeln - Teil 1: Glimmende Zigarette als ZündquelleFurniture - Assessment of the ignitability of upholstered furniture - Part 1: Ignition source smouldering cigarette97.140PohištvoFurniture13.220.40Sposobnost vžiga in obnašanje materialov in proizvodov pri gorenjuIgnitability and burning behaviour of materials and productsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1021-1:2014SIST EN 1021-1:2014en,fr,de01-oktober-2014SIST EN 1021-1:2014SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 1021-1:20061DGRPHãþD

EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 1021-1
August 2014 ICS 13.220.40; 97.140 Supersedes EN 1021-1:2006English Version
Furniture - Assessment of the ignitability of upholstered furniture - Part 1: Ignition source smouldering cigarette
Ameublement - Évaluation de l'allumabilité des meubles rembourrés - Partie 1 : Source d'allumage : cigarette en combustion
Möbel - Bewertung der Entzündbarkeit von Polstermöbeln -Teil 1: Glimmende Zigarette als Zündquelle This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 June 2014.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1021-1:2014 ESIST EN 1021-1:2014

Guidance notes for designers and specifiers . 16 Annex B (informative)
Model test report form . 18 Annex C (informative)
Cleaning of a rig . 19 Annex D (normative)
Water soaking procedure . 20 D.1 Reagents . 20 D.2 Apparatus . 20 D.3 Specimens . 20 D.4 Procedure . 21
450 mm x 65 mm x 3 mm to prevent the test filling moving during the assembly of the test specimen (see Figures 1 and 2). The internal width and height of the back frame shall be (450 ± 2) mm x (300 ± 2) mm and the width and depth of the base frame (450 ± 2) mm x (150 ± 2) mm. A standard edging section may be used around the mesh steel platform to give protection and greater rigidity. The sides of the frame shall extend beyond the back of each frame to provide for the hinge holes and to form the back legs. The hinge rod shall be of nominal 10 mm diameter steel, continuous across the back of the rig and its axis (22,5 ± 0,5) mm beyond the back member of each frame. The frames shall be lockable at right angles by a bolt or pin through each of the pairs of members forming the back legs. The front legs may be welded across the front corners of the base frame. The height of the legs shall be such as to leave a gap not less than 50 mm high between the base and frame and the supporting surface. For the tests the rigs shall be sited within the enclosure (see 6.2) and the testing shall be performed in a basically draught-free environment permitting an adequate supply of air and removal of smoke from the area of the apparatus. SIST EN 1021-1:2014

Key a) test rig b) test rig with cover and fillings c) vertical section X detail of fitting cover to frame 1 filling 2 end plate of frame 3 cover 4 overlap 20 mm 5 clips 6 fold cover overlap under frame to touch the steel mesh supporting the filling and fasten with clips as below Figure 1 — Test rig assembly SIST EN 1021-1:2014

NOTE 1 Unless tolerances are indicated, dimensions are nominal. NOTE 2 All parts are made of steel. Key 1 end plate of frame 65 mm x 3 mm 2 edging section 3 expanded metal mesh size 28 mm x 6 mm (see 6.1) 4 side member of frame 25 mm x 3 mm 5 M10 bolt, nut and washers 6 Ø 10 hinge rod Figure 2 — Test rig detail 6.2 Test enclosure The test enclosure shall consist of either a room with a volume greater than 20 m3 (which contains adequate oxygen for testing) or a smaller enclosure with a through flow of air. Inlet and extraction systems providing an SIST EN 1021-1:2014

(68 ± 2) mm; — diameter: (8 ± 0,5) mm; — mass:
(0,85 ± 0,15) g. The smouldering rate shall be (7,5 ± 2) min/40 mm, when tested as follows. Mark the cigarette, conditioned as described in 7.2 at 10 mm and 50 mm from the end to be lit. Light it as described in 9.2.1 and impale it horizontally in air (air speed rate less than 0,2 m/s) on a horizontal wire spike inserted not more than 13 mm into the unlit end. Record the time taken to smoulder from the 10 mm to the 50 mm mark. The smouldering rate shall be measured on one cigarette from a batch of 20 cigarettes. The smouldering rate may be measured on two cigarettes at the same time. The distance between cigarettes and between each cigarette and any nearby surface such as the wall or floor of the test enclosure shall be at least 150 mm. If the cigarette ceases smouldering before reaching the 50 mm mark, the measurement of smouldering rate shall be repeated. 7 Preparation and conditioning 7.1 Preparation All outer covers and inner covers that have been chemically treated to reduce their ignitability shall be subjected to the water soaking and drying procedure described in Annex D prior to being conditioned according to 7.2. This requirement applies to all methods of treatment, including back coating, which are applied to material covers that are finished in all other respects. It does not apply when the cover material is manufactured from materials that are formulated to be, or are inherently, flame retardant (e.g. fabric woven from inherently flame retardant yarns, PVC) provided it is not further treated as a finished cover material. Where it is not known whether the material has
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