EN 1515-4:2021
(Main)Flanges and their joints - Bolting - Part 4: Selection of bolting for equipment subject to the Pressure Equipment Directive 2014/68/EU
Flanges and their joints - Bolting - Part 4: Selection of bolting for equipment subject to the Pressure Equipment Directive 2014/68/EU
This document is applicable to the selection of bolting for flanged joints on equipment subject to the Pressure Equipment Directive 2014/68/EU.
It specifies standards and additional requirements for dimensions, material properties and technical conditions of delivery for bolting.
NOTE 1 Washers are not within the scope of this document.
The selection is based on commonly used bolting. It covers common temperature ranges of the general service of flanges.
When selecting bolting according to this document it is essential to take into account environmental conditions and other parameters including type of fluids, corrosion hazards, sour service, low temperature brittle failure and relaxation at elevated temperatures.
The purpose of this document is to provide a selection of most commonly used bolting types and bolting material combinations.
It is not the intention to specify all possible applications but to give guidance on the most common applications. For example, application limits for material in the creep range are not explicitly covered in this document. Where material standard provides mechanical properties for the creep range respective reference is made in Table 3.
NOTE 2 Special services and ambient conditions may require the application of coatings. It is the purchaser’s option to decide on this. Depending on the coating used, a verification of the temperature ranges given in Table 3 and Table 4 may be required.
NOTE 3 In Annex B there are bolting types and bolting material combinations according to commonly used national standards other than those listed in Table 2, Table 3 and Table 4.
Flansche und ihre Verbindungen - Schrauben und Muttern - Teil 4: Auswahl von Schrauben und Muttern zur Anwendung im Gültigkeitsbereich der Druckgeräterichtlinie 2014/68/EU
Dieses Dokument ist anzuwenden für die Auswahl von Schrauben und Muttern für Flanschverbindungen bei Geräten, die der Druckgeräterichtlinie 2014/68/EU unterliegen.
Es legt Normen und zusätzliche Anforderungen an Maße, Werkstoffeigenschaften und technische Lieferbedingungen für Schrauben und Muttern fest.
ANMERKUNG 1 Unterlegscheiben liegen nicht im Anwendungsbereich dieses Dokuments.
Die Auswahl beruht auf allgemein gebräuchlichen Schrauben und Muttern. Sie umfasst übliche Temperaturbereiche für den allgemeinen Betrieb von Flanschen.
Bei der Auswahl von Schrauben und Muttern nach diesem Dokument ist es unerlässlich, Umgebungsbedingungen und weitere Parameter einschließlich der Art von Flüssigkeiten, Korrosions-gefährdungen, sauren Betriebsbereichen, Sprödbruch bei niedrigen Temperaturen und Relaxation bei erhöhten Temperaturen zu berücksichtigen.
Der Zweck dieses Dokuments ist es, eine Auswahl der gebräuchlichsten Arten und Werkstoffkombinationen von Schrauben und Muttern bereitzustellen.
Es ist nicht beabsichtigt, sämtliche möglichen Anwendungen festzulegen, sondern eine Leitlinie für die gebräuchlichsten Anwendungen bereitzustellen. Beispielsweise werden Anwendungsgrenzen von Werkstoffen im Zeitstandbereich in diesem Dokument nicht explizit behandelt. Wenn in einer Werkstoffnorm mechanische Eigenschaften für den Zeitstandbereich bereitgestellt werden, wird in Tabelle 3 darauf entsprechend verwiesen.
ANMERKUNG 2 Spezielle Betriebsbereiche und Umgebungsbedingungen können das Aufbringen von Beschichtungen erfordern. Die diesbezügliche Entscheidung liegt beim Besteller. In Abhängigkeit von der verwendeten Beschichtung kann eine Überprüfung der in Tabelle 3 und Tabelle 4 angegebenen Temperaturbereiche erforderlich sein.
ANMERKUNG 3 Anhang B enthält Arten und Werkstoffkombinationen von Schrauben und Muttern entsprechend gebräuchlicher nationaler Normen, die nicht in Tabelle 2, Tabelle 3 und Tabelle 4 aufgeführt sind.
Brides et leurs assemblages - Boulonnerie - Partie 4 : Sélection de la boulonnerie pour équipements relevant de la Directive Equipements sous pression 2014/68/EU
Le présent document est applicable à la sélection de la boulonnerie destinée aux assemblages à brides des équipements relevant de la Directive Équipements sous pression 2014/68/UE.
Elle spécifie les normes et les exigences supplémentaires relatives aux dimensions, matériaux et conditions techniques de livraison applicables à la boulonnerie.
NOTE 1 Les rondelles n’entrent pas dans le domaine d’application du présent document.
La sélection s’appuie sur la boulonnerie couramment utilisée. Elle couvre les plages de température d'usage général des brides.
Lors de la sélection de la boulonnerie conformément au présent document, il est essentiel de tenir compte des conditions environnementales et d'autres paramètres tels que le type de fluide, les risques de corrosion, les applications avec gaz acides, la rupture fragile à basse température et la relaxation à température élevée.
L’objectif du présent document est de fournir une sélection des types de boulonnerie et des combinaisons de matériaux de boulonnerie les plus couramment utilisés.
Il n’a pas vocation à spécifier toutes les applications possibles mais plutôt à fournir des lignes directrices sur les applications les plus courantes. Par exemple, les limites d'application pour les matériaux dans le domaine du fluage ne sont pas explicitement traitées dans le présent document. Lorsque la norme de matériau de base fournit des propriétés mécaniques pour le domaine du fluage, la référence est indiquée respectivement dans le Tableau 3.
NOTE 2 Des applications spéciales et des conditions à température ambiante peuvent exiger l’application de revêtements. Cette option est laissée à l’initiative de l’acheteur. En fonction du revêtement utilisé, une vérification des plages de température données dans le Tableau 3 et le Tableau 4 peut s’avérer nécessaire.
NOTE 3 Dans l'Annexe B, sont spécifiés des types de boulons et des combinaisons de matériaux de boulons selon les normes nationales communément utilisées autres que celles énumérées dans le Tableau 2, le Tableau 3 et
le Tableau 4.
Prirobnice in prirobnični spoji - Vijaki in matice - 4. del: Izbira vijakov in matic za opremo, ki je v skladu z Direktivo o tlačni opremi 2014/68/EU
General Information
Relations
Overview
EN 1515-4:2021 - Flanges and their joints - Bolting - Part 4: Selection of bolting for equipment subject to the Pressure Equipment Directive 2014/68/EU (CEN) provides guidance for selecting bolting for flanged joints used on pressure equipment covered by the EU Pressure Equipment Directive (2014/68/EU). The standard specifies acceptable bolting types, material combinations, dimensions, material properties, and technical conditions of delivery for commonly used bolts, screws, studs and nuts. Note: washers are not within the scope.
Key topics and requirements
- Scope of application: Selection is for commonly used bolting and typical temperature ranges in general flange service; it does not attempt to cover every special case (e.g., creep-range applications are only referenced where material standards provide properties).
- Bolting types: Identifies standard bolt, stud and nut forms (references to EN ISO dimensional standards) and points to Annex A/B for additional types from national standards.
- Material selection: Specifies material groups and combinations suitable for typical service conditions and references relevant standards (e.g., EN 10269, EN ISO 898-1, EN ISO 3506).
- Environmental and service factors: Requires consideration of fluid type, corrosion hazards, sour service, low-temperature brittle fracture, relaxation at elevated temperatures and coatings.
- Manufacturing & delivery: Addresses manufacturing lots, starting material, technical delivery conditions, coating options and specific requirements for hot-dip galvanised carbon steel (Annex C).
- Traceability & inspection: Defines lot numbering, traceability back to starting material and options for inspection documents per EN 10204 / EN 764-5; lot identification marking can be used as an alternative.
- Safety & regulatory link: Annex ZA maps the standard to essential requirements of the Pressure Equipment Directive (2014/68/EU), supporting conformity assessment.
Practical applications
- Used by engineers, procurement officers, flange and piping designers, inspection authorities and bolting manufacturers when specifying bolting for pressure vessels, piping systems and flanged assemblies under the PED.
- Practical for selecting bolting that ensures flange joint integrity under given temperatures, pressures and corrosive or sour environments.
- Helps purchasers and manufacturers define ordering information, inspection documents and traceability requirements for compliance and quality assurance.
Related standards
- EN 10269 (fastener steels), EN ISO 898-1 / 898-2 (mechanical properties), EN ISO 3506 (stainless fasteners), EN 1092-1 / EN 1759-1 (flanges), EN 764-5 (inspection documentation).
- See Annex B for additional national bolting types and Annex C for coating-specific requirements.
EN 1515-4:2021 is a practical selection guide to achieve safe, compliant bolted flange joints in pressure equipment applications while accounting for environmental and service-specific constraints.
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2021
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 1515-4:2010
Prirobnice in prirobnični spoji - Vijaki in matice - 4. del: Izbira vijakov in matic za
opremo, ki je v skladu z Direktivo o tlačni opremi 2014/68/EU
Flanges and their joints - Bolting - Part 4: Selection of bolting for equipment subject to
the Pressure Equipment Directive 2014/68/EU
Flansche und ihre Verbindungen - Schrauben und Muttern - Teil 4: Auswahl von
Schrauben und Muttern zur Anwendung im Gültigkeitsbereich der Druckgeräterichtlinie
2014/68/EU
Brides et leurs assemblages - Boulonnerie - Partie 4 : Sélection de la boulonnerie pour
équipments relevant de la Directive Equipments sous pression 2014/68/EU
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 1515-4:2021
ICS:
21.060.10 Sorniki, vijaki, stebelni vijaki Bolts, screws, studs
21.060.20 Matice Nuts
23.040.60 Prirobnice, oglavki in spojni Flanges, couplings and joints
elementi
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 1515-4
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
March 2021
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 21.060.10; 21.060.20; 23.040.60 Supersedes EN 1515-4:2009
English Version
Flanges and their joints - Bolting - Part 4: Selection of
bolting for equipment subject to the Pressure Equipment
Directive 2014/68/EU
Brides et leurs assemblages - Boulonnerie - Partie 4 : Flansche und ihre Verbindungen - Schrauben und
Sélection de la boulonnerie pour équipments relevant Muttern - Teil 4: Auswahl von Schrauben und Muttern
de la Directive Equipments sous pression 2014/68/EU zur Anwendung im Gültigkeitsbereich der
Druckgeräterichtlinie 2014/68/EU
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 February 2021.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 1515-4:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
1 Scope . 4
2 Normative references . 4
3 Terms and definitions . 5
3.1 Terms and definitions . 5
3.2 Symbols and units . 7
4 Selection of bolting types and materials . 7
4.1 General. 7
4.2 Selection of bolting types . 7
4.3 Selection of bolting material combinations . 8
4.4 Requirements of bolting related to property classes . 11
5 Manufacturing . 11
5.1 General. 11
5.2 Coating . 12
6 Technical conditions of delivery . 12
6.1 General. 12
6.2 Requirements for prevention of brittle fracture at low temperatures . 12
7 Traceability and inspection documents . 14
7.1 Traceability . 14
7.2 Inspection documents . 14
7.3 Alternative to inspection documents . 15
8 Ordering information . 15
Annex A (normative) Studs threaded full length . 16
Annex B (informative) Additional bolting types and materials according to commonly used
national standards . 17
Annex C (informative) Additional requirements for hot dip galvanized carbon steel bolting . 18
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2014/68/EU aimed to be covered . 19
Bibliography . 20
European foreword
This document (EN 1515-4:2021) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 74 “Flanges and
their joints”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2021, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2021.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 1515-4:2009.
EN 1515, Flanges and their joints — Bolting, consists of the following parts:
— Part 1: Selection of bolting;
— Part 2: Classification of bolt materials for steel flanges, PN designated;
— Part 3: Classification of bolt materials for steel flanges, class designated;
— Part 4: Selection of bolting for equipment subject to the Pressure Equipment Directive 2014/68/EU.
Main changes compared to edition EN 1515-4:2009:
— explanation of requirements for starting material in accordance to EN 10269:2013;
— some temperature ranges and assignment of material groups are amended in Table 3;
— option for traceability by means of lot identification marking instead of inspection documents;
— separate requirements have been given to bolting other than those in EN 10269:2013;
— requirements for prevention of brittle fracture have been updated.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
1 Scope
This document is applicable to the selection of bolting for flanged joints on equipment subject to the
Pressure Equipment Directive 2014/68/EU.
It specifies standards and additional requirements for dimensions, material properties and technical
conditions of delivery for bolting.
NOTE 1 Washers are not within the scope of this document.
The selection is based on commonly used bolting. It covers common temperature ranges of the general
service of flanges.
When selecting bolting according to this document it is essential to take into account environmental
conditions and other parameters including type of fluids, corrosion hazards, sour service, low
temperature brittle failure and relaxation at elevated temperatures.
The purpose of this document is to provide a selection of most commonly used bolting types and bolting
material combinations.
It is not the intention to specify all possible applications but to give guidance on the most common
applications. For example, application limits for material in the creep range are not explicitly covered in
this document. Where material standard provides mechanical properties for the creep range respective
reference is made in Table 3.
NOTE 2 Special services and ambient conditions may require the application of coatings. It is the purchaser’s
option to decide on this. Depending on the coating used, a verification of the temperature ranges given in Table 3
and Table 4 may be required.
NOTE 3 In Annex B there are bolting types and bolting material combinations according to commonly used
national standards other than those listed in Table 2, Table 3 and Table 4.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 764-5:2014, Pressure equipment - Part 5: Inspection documentation of metallic materials and
compliance with the material specification
EN 1092-1:2018, Flanges and their joints - Circular flanges for pipes, valves, fittings and accessories, PN
designated - Part 1: Steel flanges
EN 1759-1:2004, Flanges and their joint - Circular flanges for pipes, valves, fittings and accessories, Class
designated - Part 1: Steel flanges, NPS 1/2 to 24
EN 10204:2004, Metallic products - Types of inspection documents
EN 10269:2013, Steels and nickel alloys for fasteners with specified elevated and/or low temperature
properties
EN 13445-3:2014, Unfired pressure vessels - Part 3: Design
As impacted by EN 13445-3:2014/A1:2015, EN 13445-3:2014/A2:2016, EN 13445-3:2014/A3:2017,
EN 13445-3:2014/A4:2018, EN 13445-3:2014/A5:2018, EN 13445-3:2014/A6:2019, EN 13445-3:2014/A7:2019
and EN 13445-3:2014/A8:2019.
EN 13480-3:2017, Metallic industrial piping - Part 3: Design and calculation
EN ISO 898-1:2013, Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel - Part 1: Bolts,
screws and studs with specified property classes - Coarse thread and fine pitch thread (ISO 898-1:2013)
EN ISO 898-2:2012, Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel - Part 2: Nuts
with specified property classes - Coarse thread and fine pitch thread (ISO 898-2:2012)
EN ISO 3269:2019, Fasteners - Acceptance inspection (ISO 3269:2019)
EN ISO 3506-1:2020, Fasteners - Mechanical properties of corrosion-resistant stainless steel fasteners -
Part 1: Bolts, screws and studs with specified grades and property classes (ISO 3506-1:2020)
EN ISO 3506-2:2020, Fasteners - Mechanical properties of corrosion-resistant stainless steel fasteners -
Part 2: Nuts with specified grades and property classes (ISO 3506-2:2020)
EN ISO 4014:2011, Hexagon head bolts - Product grades A and B (ISO 4014:2011)
EN ISO 4017:2014, Fasteners - Hexagon head screws - Product grades A and B (ISO 4017:2014)
EN ISO 4032:2012, Hexagon regular nuts (style 1) - Product grades A and B (ISO 4032:2012)
EN ISO 4033:2012, Hexagon high nuts (style 2) - Product grades A and B (ISO 4033:2012)
EN ISO 4042:2018, Fasteners - Electroplated coating systems (ISO 4042:2018)
EN ISO 6892-2:2018, Metallic materials - Tensile testing - Part 2: Method of test at elevated temperature
(ISO 6892-2:2018)
EN ISO 16228:2018, Fasteners - Types of inspection documents (ISO 16228:2017)
EN ISO 16426:2002, Fasteners - Quality assurance system (ISO 16426:2002)
ISO 261:1998, ISO general purpose metric screw threads — General plan
ISO 965-2:1998, ISO general purpose metric screw threads — Tolerances — Part 2: Limits of sizes for
general purpose external and internal screw threads — Medium quality
3 Terms and definitions
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1.1
bolting
type of fastener such as a bolt, screw or stud with normal, reduced or waisted shank or nut
As impacted by EN 13480-3/A1:2021, EN 13480-3/A2:2020 and EN 13480-3/A3:2020.
3.1.2
purchaser
person or organization that orders products in accordance with this European Standard
Note 1 to entry: Where a purchaser has responsibilities under the requirements of EU Directive listed in
Annex ZA, the use of this European Standard, if its reference is published in the OJEU (Official Journal of European
Union), will provide the presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the Directive as identified
in Annex ZA.
3.1.3
bolting manufacturer
person or organization that is responsible for the compliance of the bolting with the requirements of
this European Standard and the referenced standards given for bolting and starting materials agreed
with the purchaser
3.1.4
manufacturing lot
quantity of fasteners of a single designation including product grade, property class and sizes,
manufactured from bar, wire, rod or flat product from a single cast, processed through the same or
similar steps at the same time or over a continuous time period through the same heat treatment
and/or coating, if any
Note 1 to entry: Same heat treatment or coating means:
• for a continuous process, the same treatment cycle without any setting modification;
• for a discontinuous process, the same treatment cycle for identical consecutive loads (batches).
Note 2 to entry: The manufacturing lot may be split into several manufacturing batches for processing purposes
and then reassembled into the same manufacturing lot.
3.1.5
manufacturing lot number
unique number assigned by the bolting manufacturer and which allows full traceability from the
finished product back through all previous steps of the manufacturing operations to a given cast
number of the starting material of manufacture
3.1.6
starting material
material from which the bolt or nut is manufactured
3.1.7
creep range
the temperature range at which a material has time dependent mechanical properties
3.2 Symbols and units
The symbols and respective units used in this document are defined in Table 1.
Table 1 — Symbols and units
Symbol Designation Unit
KV Impact rupture energy J
T Material impact test temperature °C
KV
T Minimum metal temperature of the bolting °C
M
4 Selection of bolting types and materials
4.1 General
The selection of bolting types and bolting material combinations for a certain application shall consider
in addition to the requirements covered by this document, the range of application of the equipment for
which the bolting is intended to be used. The selection shall consider all service conditions including
maximum/minimum allowable temperature, required bolt load, tightening method and resultant
stresses, type of fluids, corrosion hazards and if applicable type and material of gasket.
Furthermore, it shall be regarded that flanged joints shall remain tight under the expected operating
conditions. Other properties like residual magnetism and relaxation properties shall be evaluated by
the purchaser.
The minimum yield strength, tensile strength, and creep of the bolting shall be suitable for the required
bolt load determined for the application and tightening method. Where there is a requirement
concerning the strength category for bolting given in EN 1092-1:2018, Annex E, EN 1759-1:2004,
2 1
Annex B, EN 13480-3:2017, Annex D , or EN 13445-3:2014, Clause 11 , then this shall be observed by
the user of this document.
4.2 Selection of bolting types
Selection of bolting types according to Table 2.
Table 2 — Types of bolting
Dimensional standard
Remarks
Bolts/Studs Nuts
EN ISO 4032:2012
EN ISO 4014:2011 Hexagon head bolt
a
EN ISO 4033:2012
EN ISO 4032:2012
EN ISO 4017:2014 Hexagon head bolt, threaded full length
a
EN ISO 4033:2012
EN ISO 4032:2012
Annex A Stud bolt, threaded full length
a
EN ISO 4033:2012
a
The user shall determine whether EN ISO 4033:2012 Nuts are required for the application. For sizes ≥ M39
nuts with m = d are recommended.
4.3 Selection of bolting material combinations
A selection of commonly used bolting material combinations and their suitable application ranges is
shown in Table 3 and Table 4. Combination of bolting materials other than the combinations shown
may reduce the given temperature limits.
All bolting materials shall conform to the requirements of the standard that specifies it and starting
material shall fulfil all the requirements of EN 10269:2013. The heat treatment may be performed on
the starting material or on the finished bolting.
Guidance on conditions to determine the permissible minimum temperature is defined in 6.2.
Table 3 — Selection of bolting materials combinations acc. to EN 10269:2013 with suitable
application ranges
Steel designation name
Suitable
Type of bolting and description of
PN temperature Steel designation number
material groups
Line
range
Class Material standard
No
up to
Bolts, screws, Bolts, screws,
°C Nuts Nuts
studs studs
25CrMo4 C35E
Unalloyed steel
1 All −10 to 400 0,25C-1Cr-Mo 1.7218 1.1181
elev. temp.
EN 10269:2013 EN 10269:2013
42CrMo4 C45E
Unalloyed steel
2 All −10 to 350 0,42C-1Cr-Mo 1.7225 1.1191
elev. temp.
EN 10269:2013 EN 10269:2013
e
25CrMo4 25CrMo4
3 All −60 to 500 0,25C-1Cr-Mo 0,25C-1Cr-Mo 1.7218 1.7218
EN 10269:2013 EN 10269:2013
e
25CrMo4 42CrMo4
4 All −40 to 500 0,25C-1Cr-Mo 0,42C-1Cr-Mo 1.7218 1.7225
EN 10269:2013 EN 10269:2013
42CrMo4 42CrMo4
5 All −40 to 500 0,42C-1Cr-Mo 0,42C-1Cr-Mo 1.7225 1.7225
EN 10269:2013 EN 10269:2013
e
42CrMo5–6 42CrMo4
6 All −10 to 500 0,42C-1,3Cr-0,6Mo 0,42C-1Cr-Mo 1.7233 1.7225
EN 10269:2013 EN 10269:2013
e
40CrMoV4–6 42CrMo4
7 All −10 to 500 0,40C-1Cr-0,6Mo-V 0,42C-1Cr-Mo 1.7711 1.7225
EN 10269:2013 EN 10269:2013
e
21CrMoV5–7 21CrMoV5–7
0,21C-1,3Cr-0,7Mo- 0,21C-1,3Cr-0,7Mo-
c
8 All −10 to 500 1.7709 1.7709
V V
EN 10269:2013 EN 10269:2013
e
20CrMoVTiB4–10 20CrMoVTiB4–10
0,2C-1Cr-1Mo-V-Ti- 0,2C-1Cr-1Mo-V-Ti-
9 All −10 to 500 1.7729 1.7729
B B
EN 10269:2013 EN 10269:2013
Steel designation name
Suitable
Type of bolting and description of
temperature Steel designation number
PN
material groups
Line
range
Material standard
Class
No
up to
Bolts, screws, Bolts, screws,
°C Nuts Nuts
studs studs
e
X6NiCrTiMoVB X6NiCrTiMoVB
25–15–2 25–15–2
...
Frequently Asked Questions
EN 1515-4:2021 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Flanges and their joints - Bolting - Part 4: Selection of bolting for equipment subject to the Pressure Equipment Directive 2014/68/EU". This standard covers: This document is applicable to the selection of bolting for flanged joints on equipment subject to the Pressure Equipment Directive 2014/68/EU. It specifies standards and additional requirements for dimensions, material properties and technical conditions of delivery for bolting. NOTE 1 Washers are not within the scope of this document. The selection is based on commonly used bolting. It covers common temperature ranges of the general service of flanges. When selecting bolting according to this document it is essential to take into account environmental conditions and other parameters including type of fluids, corrosion hazards, sour service, low temperature brittle failure and relaxation at elevated temperatures. The purpose of this document is to provide a selection of most commonly used bolting types and bolting material combinations. It is not the intention to specify all possible applications but to give guidance on the most common applications. For example, application limits for material in the creep range are not explicitly covered in this document. Where material standard provides mechanical properties for the creep range respective reference is made in Table 3. NOTE 2 Special services and ambient conditions may require the application of coatings. It is the purchaser’s option to decide on this. Depending on the coating used, a verification of the temperature ranges given in Table 3 and Table 4 may be required. NOTE 3 In Annex B there are bolting types and bolting material combinations according to commonly used national standards other than those listed in Table 2, Table 3 and Table 4.
This document is applicable to the selection of bolting for flanged joints on equipment subject to the Pressure Equipment Directive 2014/68/EU. It specifies standards and additional requirements for dimensions, material properties and technical conditions of delivery for bolting. NOTE 1 Washers are not within the scope of this document. The selection is based on commonly used bolting. It covers common temperature ranges of the general service of flanges. When selecting bolting according to this document it is essential to take into account environmental conditions and other parameters including type of fluids, corrosion hazards, sour service, low temperature brittle failure and relaxation at elevated temperatures. The purpose of this document is to provide a selection of most commonly used bolting types and bolting material combinations. It is not the intention to specify all possible applications but to give guidance on the most common applications. For example, application limits for material in the creep range are not explicitly covered in this document. Where material standard provides mechanical properties for the creep range respective reference is made in Table 3. NOTE 2 Special services and ambient conditions may require the application of coatings. It is the purchaser’s option to decide on this. Depending on the coating used, a verification of the temperature ranges given in Table 3 and Table 4 may be required. NOTE 3 In Annex B there are bolting types and bolting material combinations according to commonly used national standards other than those listed in Table 2, Table 3 and Table 4.
EN 1515-4:2021 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 21.060.10 - Bolts, screws, studs; 21.060.20 - Nuts; 23.040.60 - Flanges, couplings and joints. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN 1515-4:2021 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN 1515-4:2009, EN 1515-4:2021/AC:2022. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
EN 1515-4:2021 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 2014/68/EU; Standardization Mandates: M/071. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
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標準文書EN 1515-4:2021は、圧力機器指令2014/68/EUの対象となる設備におけるフランジ接合部のボルト選定に関する重要なガイドラインを提供しています。この標準の範囲は、ボルトの寸法、材料特性、および納入に関する技術条件を定義しており、ボルト選定のプロセスを体系的にサポートしています。 この文書の強みは、一般的に使用されるボルトの選定を基礎にしている点です。これは、フランジの一般的なサービスにおける温度範囲をカバーし、使用者が直面するさまざまな環境条件やパラメータ（流体の種類、腐食の危険性、低温脆性破壊、高温での弛緩など）に留意することを促進しています。特に、フランジ接合部において最も一般的に使用されるボルトタイプおよびボルト材料の組み合わせを提案することで、適切な選択肢を提供するための指針となります。 さらに、この文書は、すべての応用を明示的に規定することを目的としていないため、ユーザーにとっては一般的な応用に焦点を当てることで、実際の選定プロセスを簡素化しています。たとえば、クリープ範囲内の材料に関する適用制限については明記されていませんが、材料標準がクリープ範囲の機械的特性を提供している場合には、表3で適切な参照が行われています。 特殊サービスや環境条件については、コーティングの適用が求められることがありますが、その判断は購入者に委ねられています。使用するコーティングによっては、表3および表4で示された温度範囲の確認が必要となる場合があります。また、附属書Bでは、表2、表3、表4に記載されていない他の一般的に使用される国による標準に基づくボルトタイプとボルト材料の組み合わせも提供されています。 EN 1515-4:2021は、圧力機器指令に基づくフランジ接合部におけるボルト選定における最適な参考資料であり、その実用性と具体的なガイダンスによって、エンジニアや技術者にとって非常に重要な役割を果たしています。
La norme EN 1515-4:2021 se concentre sur la sélection de boulons pour les joints flangés sur les équipements soumis à la Directive européenne sur les équipements sous pression 2014/68/EU. Son champ d'application est essentiel, car il définit les exigences supplémentaires relatives aux dimensions, aux propriétés des matériaux et aux conditions techniques de livraison pour les boulons. Parmi les forces de cette norme, on trouve sa capacité à guider les utilisateurs dans le choix de boulons couramment utilisés, prenant en compte les plages de températures généralement rencontrées dans les services généraux des flanges. Cela permet d'optimiser la sécurité et la fiabilité des joints dans des environnements variés. De plus, la norme insiste sur l'importance d'examiner les conditions environnementales, les types de fluides et les risques de corrosion, permettant ainsi une meilleure adéquation des matériaux en fonction des service requis. La norme ne prétend pas couvrir toutes les applications possibles, mais fournit des conseils précieux sur les applications les plus courantes, en laissant ouverte la possibilité d'utiliser des revêtements en fonction des services spéciaux et des conditions ambiantes. Ce choix est laissé à l'acheteur, renforçant ainsi la flexibilité offerte par cette norme. En annexe B, la norme présente également des types de boulons et des combinaisons de matériaux selon des normes nationales couramment utilisées, élargissant ainsi sa pertinence et son application dans différents contextes régionaux. Dans l'ensemble, la norme EN 1515-4:2021 est un outil essentiel pour le secteur des équipements sous pression, garantissant que la sélection de boulons est basée sur des critères techniques solides tout en répondant aux exigences de sécurité imposées par la directive.
The standard EN 1515-4:2021 outlines the guidelines for the selection of bolting specifically for flanged joints on equipment that falls under the Pressure Equipment Directive 2014/68/EU. Its scope is precise, focusing on the characteristics and requirements for commonly used bolting, making it an essential document for professionals in the field of pressure equipment. One of the primary strengths of this standard is its detailed specification of dimensions, material properties, and technical conditions for the delivery of bolting. By providing a thorough overview, it ensures that users are able to make informed decisions regarding the selection process. Notably, the standard addresses critical factors such as environmental conditions, fluid types, and potential corrosion hazards, which are crucial for ensuring the safety and integrity of flanged joints. The relevance of EN 1515-4:2021 is underscored by its focus on practical application rather than exhaustive coverage of every conceivable scenario. It successfully narrows down the selection to the most commonly used bolting types and materials, which enhances usability for engineers and designers working with flanged joints in pressure equipment. Furthermore, the inclusion of references to national standards in Annex B broadens its applicability, allowing for compatibility with various industrial practices. However, it is important to note that while the document serves as a comprehensive guide, it does not cover every possible application. For example, it acknowledges limitations in the creep range without providing extensive coverage on these specific material applications. This targeted approach, while beneficial for the majority of users, may require professionals to seek out additional resources for specialized services or conditions. Overall, EN 1515-4:2021 is a robust standard that effectively balances the need for detailed guidance with practical usability, making it a critical resource for the selection of bolting in the context of pressure equipment applications.
Die Norm EN 1515-4:2021 liefert entscheidende Richtlinien für die Auswahl von Bolzen, die für Flanschverbindungen an Anlagen, die der Druckgeräterichtlinie 2014/68/EU unterliegen, verwendet werden. Diese umfassende Norm legt nicht nur die Standardgrößen und Materialeigenschaften fest, sondern berücksichtigt auch die technischen Lieferbedingungen, die für Bolzen relevant sind. Die Dokumentation bietet eine klare Orientierung, indem sie häufig verwendete Bolzenarten und Materialkombinationen spezifiziert, was den Auswahlprozess erheblich vereinfacht. Ein hervorstechendes Merkmal dieser Norm ist ihre Berücksichtigung von verschiedenen Temperaturbereichen, die im allgemeinen Betrieb von Flanschen auftreten können. Dies macht die Norm besonders relevant für Ingenieure und Fachleute im Bereich der Druckanlagen, da sie sicherstellt, dass die Auswahl der Bolzen nicht nur normgerecht, sondern auch praktisch anwendbar ist. Zudem werden Umweltbedingungen sowie spezifische Parameter wie Fluidarten, Korrosionsgefahren und Temperaturverhalten bei erhöhten Temperaturen berücksichtigt, was die Robustheit der Norm unterstreicht. Die Norm zielt darauf ab, eine Auswahl der gebräuchlichsten Bolzenarten zu ermöglichen, anstatt alle möglichen Anwendungen zu spezifizieren. Dies ermöglicht eine fokussierte Anwendung in den gängigsten Szenarien, während spezifische Anwendungen, wie beispielsweise die Materialgrenzen im Kriechbereich, in den entsprechenden Tabellen festgehalten werden. Die Erläuterungen in Anhang B, die Bolzentypen und Materialkombinationen nach nationalen Standards darstellen, erweitern die Relevanz der Norm und bieten eine wertvolle Ressource für Fachleute, die auf unterschiedliche Normen zugreifen müssen. Insgesamt ist die EN 1515-4:2021 eine unverzichtbare Norm für die Auswahl von Bolzen in Druckgeräten und bietet durch ihre strukturierte Herangehensweise und die Berücksichtigung relevanter Umgebungsbedingungen eine solide Grundlage für die Sicherheit und Effizienz in der Anwendung von Flanschverbindungen.
표준 EN 1515-4:2021은 압력 장비 지침 2014/68/EU의 적용을 받는 장비의 플랜지 조인트를 위한 볼팅 선택에 관한 문서로, 이 표준의 범위는 매우 명확하게 정의되어 있습니다. 이 표준은 플랜지 조인트에 사용되는 볼팅의 치수, 재료 특성 및 기술적 조건에 대한 요구사항을 규정하고 있습니다. 특히, 일반 서비스 온도 범위를 다루며, 다양한 환경 조건 및 유체 유형, 부식 위험성, 저온 취성 파손 및 고온에서의 이완과 같은 요소들을 고려한 볼팅 선택의 중요성을 강조하고 있습니다. 이 문서의 강점은 가장 일반적으로 사용되는 볼팅 유형 및 재료 조합을 제공하여, 실제 작업 환경에서의 볼팅 선택을 효과적으로 지원한다는 점입니다. 이를 통해 사용자는 복잡한 기술적 상황에서도 보다 신뢰성 있게 볼팅을 선택할 수 있는 기반을 마련하게 됩니다. 또한, Annex B에서는 표 2, 3, 4에 나열되지 않은 국가 표준에 따른 볼팅 유형 및 재료 조합을 제시하여, 다양한 국제 기준을 수용하는 유연성을 제공합니다. 이 표준은 모든 가능한 적용 사례를 명시하고자 하지 않으며, 일반적인 적용에 대한 지침을 제공하는 데 중점을 두고 있습니다. 이에 따라, 사용자는 특정 환경 조건이나 특별한 서비스가 요구될 경우 코팅의 적용 여부를 결정할 수 있는 선택지를 가지게 됩니다. 제시된 표 3과 4의 온도 범위 검증이 필요할 수 있음을 명시함으로써 사용자의 충분한 고려를 유도하고 있습니다. 결론적으로, EN 1515-4:2021 표준은 항공, 해양, 석유 및 가스 산업 등 다양한 분야에서 작업의 안전성과 신뢰성을 높이는 데 중요한 역할을 수행합니다. 이는 압력 장비 지침의 요구사항을 충족하는 데 필수적인 가이드라인으로, 표준화된 접근 방식을 통해 사용자에게 유용성을 제공합니다.
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