EN 13570:2005

Food processing machinery - Mixing machines - Safety and hygiene requirements

1.1   This European Standard specifies safety and hygiene requirements to minimise the hazards which can arise during the commissioning, the use and the maintenance of mixing machines and their accessories intended to be used in sausage kitchens and industrial operations.
This European Standard deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to mixing machines, when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer ( see Clause 4).
This European standard is not applicable to mixing machines which are manufactured before the date of publication of this European Standard by CEN.
1.2   This European Standard covers the following types of mixing machines:
-   Mixing machines with a tilting container, one or several mixing shafts
-   Mixing machines with a stationary mixing container, front face or bottom discharge opening
-   Mixing machines with a container and loading device
-   Mixing machines with a container, mixing shaft(s), screw conveyor and loading device
The mixing machines are constructed of a machine frame, a trough-shaped mixing container, one or several mixing shafts, an associated drive and electrical, hydraulic and pneumatic components, depending on machine type.
The mixing shaft can be equipped with wings, screws, rods, paddles or the like.
Mixing machines may be equipped e. g. with
-   cover over the top of the mixing container,
-   pipe connections for gases, steam, water or vacuum,
-   protective hood over the front face discharge opening,
-   lifting devices for mixing shaft,
-   loading device,
-   screw conveyor at the discharge opening.

Nahrungsmittelmaschinen - Mischmaschinen - Sicherheits- und Hygieneanforderungen

1.1 Diese Europäische Norm legt Anforderungen an die Konstruktion und Herstellung von Meng- und Mischmaschinen (siehe Bild 1) fest. Sie werden im folgenden nur als Mischmaschinen bezeichnet. Die von dieser Norm erfaßten Maschinen werden zum Mischen von frischem oder gefrorenem Fleisch, Fleischprodukten und Fisch verwendet. Mischmaschinen für den Hausgebrauch werden von dieser Norm nicht abgedeckt. Diese Norm gilt nur für Maschinen, die nach dem Ausgabedatum dieser Norm hergestellt werden.

Machines pour les produits alimentaires - Malaxeurs - Prescriptions relatives à la sécurité et à l'hygiène

1.1 La présente Norme européenne spécifie les prescriptions relatives à la sécurité et l'hygiène pour
minimiser les phénomènes dangereux qui peuvent survenir durant la mise en service, l'utilisation et la
maintenance des malaxeurs et de leurs accessoires destinés à être utilisés dans les charcuteries et les
entreprises industrielles.
La présente Norme européenne traite tous les phénomènes dangereux significatifs, les situations et les
événements dangereux associés aux malaxeurs, lorsqu'ils sont utilisés dans le cadre de l'utilisation normale
et dans les conditions prévues par le fabricant (voir Article 4).
La présente Norme européenne ne s'applique pas aux malaxeurs fabriqués avant la date de publication de la
présente Norme européenne par le CEN.
1.2 La présente Norme européenne concerne les types de malaxeurs suivants :
.malaxeurs avec cuve basculante, un ou plusieurs arbres mélangeurs ;
.malaxeurs avec cuve mélangeuse fixe, orifice d'évacuation frontal ou inférieur ;
.malaxeurs avec cuve et système de chargement ;
.malaxeurs avec cuve, arbre(s) mélangeur(s), vis transporteuse et système de chargement.
Les malaxeurs sont composés d'un bâti, une cuve mélangeuse en forme d'auge, un ou plusieurs arbres
mélangeurs, un système d'entraînement associé et des composants électriques, hydrauliques et
pneumatiques en fonction du type de machine.
L'arbre mélangeur peut être équipé de pales, de vis, de tiges, d'aubes ou composants équivalents.
Les malaxeurs peuvent être équipés par exemple :

Stroji za predelavo hrane – Mešalni stroji – Varnostne in higienske zahteve

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 17-May-2005
• Withdrawal Date: 08-Jun-2010
• ICS: 67.260 - Plants and equipment for the food industry
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 153 - Food processing machinery - Safety and hygiene specifications
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 153/WG 2 - Meat processing machinery
• Current Stage: 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
• Start Date: 09-Jun-2010
• Completion Date: 09-Jun-2010
• Directive: 98/37/EC - Machinery
• Mandate: M/BC/CEN/88/13 - Standardization request to CEN/CENELEC relating to machinery
• Ref Project: SIST EN 13570:2005 - Food processing machinery - Mixing machines - Safety and hygiene requirements

Relations

• Merged Into: EN 13570:2005+A1:2010 - Food processing machinery - Mixing machines - Safety and hygiene requirements
• Effective Date: 12-Apr-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2005
Stroji za predelavo hrane – Mešalni stroji – Varnostne in higienske zahteve
Food processing machinery - Mixing machines - Safety and hygiene requirements
Nahrungsmittelmaschinen - Mischmaschinen - Sicherheits- und Hygieneanforderungen
Machines pour les produits alimentaires - Malaxeurs - Prescriptions relatives a la
sécurité et a l'hygiene
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13570:2005
ICS:
67.260 Tovarne in oprema za Plants and equipment for the
živilsko industrijo food industry
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 13570
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
May 2005
ICS 67.260
English version
Food processing machinery - Mixing machines - Safety and
hygiene requirements
Machines pour les produits alimentaires - Malaxeurs - Nahrungsmittelmaschinen - Mischmaschinen - Sicherheits-
Prescriptions relatives à la sécurité et à l'hygiène und Hygieneanforderungen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 March 2005.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13570:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .4
Introduction.5
1 Scope .6
2 Normative references .7
3 Terms and definitions.8
4 List of significant hazards.10
5 Safety and hygiene requirements and/or protective measures.13
6 Verification of safety and hygiene requirements and/or protective measures .26
7 Information for use .28
Annex A (normative)  Noise test code for mixing machines ( grade 2) .31
Annex B (normative) Design principles to ensure cleanability of mixing machines.33
Annex C (normative) Common hazards for food processing machines and reduction
requirements applicable to mixing machines.38
Annex ZA (informative)  Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC .40
Bibliography.41

Figures
Figure 1 — Components of a mixing machine . 7
Figure 2 — Danger zones on mixing machines. 10
Figure 3 — Mixing machines with a cover at the mixing container - safety dimensions . 15
Figure 4 — Mixing machine with open mixing container, mechanical bar, light barrier
and interlocking step at the operator side – safety dimensions. 16
Figure 5 — Mixing machine with open mixing container, protective grid and fixed step
at the operator side – safety dimensions. 17
Figure 6 — Discharge outlet at the mixing machine – protective hood. 17
Figure 7 — Safety device for container position . 20
Figure 8 — ON/OFF switch with hood. 22
Figure 9 — Transport carriage for screw conveyor . 23
Figure 10 — Hygiene areas on mixing machines with front face discharge outlet . 24
Figure 11 — Hygiene areas on mixing machines with bottom discharge opening . 25
Figure B.1 — Smooth surfaces - food area. 33
Figure B.2 — Angles and radii in food area. 34
Figure B.3 — Angle in food area. 35
Figure B.4 — Adjoining surfaces in food area. 35
Figure B.5 — Admissible joining elements – head profiles. 36

Foreword
This European Standard (EN 13570:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 153 “Food
processing machinery – Safety and hygiene specifications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn
at the latest by November 2005.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 98/37.
For relationship with EU Directive98/37, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland
and United Kingdom.
Introduction
This European Standard is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100-1.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are
indicated in the scope of this European Standard.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the
provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines
that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard.
1 Scope
1.1 This European Standard specifies safety and hygiene requirements to minimise the hazards which can
arise during the commissioning, the use and the maintenance of mixing machines and their accessories
intended to be used in sausage kitchens and industrial operations.
This European Standard deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to mixing
machines, when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer ( see
Clause 4).
This European standard is not applicable to mixing machines which are manufactured before the date of
publication of this European Standard by CEN.
1.2 This European Standard covers the following types of mixing machines:
 Mixing machines with a tilting container, one or several mixing shafts
 Mixing machines with a stationary mixing container, front face or bottom discharge opening
 Mixing machines with a container and loading device
 Mixing machines with a container, mixing shaft(s), screw conveyor and loading device
The mixing machines are constructed of a machine frame, a trough-shaped mixing container, one or several
mixing shafts, an associated drive and electrical, hydraulic and pneumatic components, depending on
machine type.
The mixing shaft can be equipped with wings, screws, rods, paddles or the like.
Mixing machines may be equipped e. g. with
 cover over the top of the mixing container,
 pipe connections for gases, steam, water or vacuum,
 protective hood over the front face discharge opening,
 lifting devices for mixing shaft,
 loading device,
 screw conveyor at the discharge opening.
KEY
1 cover
2 mixing container
3 mixing shaft
4 front-face discharge opening
5 bottom discharge opening
Figure 1 — Components of a mixing machine
1.3 Intended use
The fresh or frozen meat, meat product, meat pieces or fish, salt, spices and other additives are loaded into
the mixing container by hand or by means of a loading device and mixed by the mixing unit.
The discharge outlet may be located at the bottom or the front face and can either be a slide, a flap, a pipe, a
pump or a screw.
During the production of this standard the following assumptions were made:
 Mixing machines are installed at a sufficiently lighted place.
 They are used only by designated and skilled operators.
Although it should be advised against, the standard, taking into account practice, deals with the hazards due
to cleaning with pressurised water.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 294:1992, Safety of machinery - Safety distance to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper
limbs
EN 614-1:1995, Safety of machinery — Ergonomic design principles — Part 1: Terminology and general
principles.
EN 953:1997, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and construction of fixed
and movable guards.
EN 954-1:1996, Safety of machinery — Safety - related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles
for design.
EN 982, Safety of machinery - Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components —
Hydraulics.
EN 1005-1, Safety of machinery — Human physical performance — Part 1: Terms and definitions.
EN 1005-2, Safety of machinery - Human physical performance - Part 2: Manual handling of machinery and
component parts of machinery
EN 1005-3, Safety of machinery — Human physical performance — Part 3: Recommended force limits for
machine operation.
EN 1050, Safety of machinery — Principles for risk assessment.
EN 1088:1995, Safety of machinery — Interlocking devices associated with guards — Principles for design
and selection.
EN 1672-2:1997, Food processing machinery — Basic concepts — Part 2: Hygiene requirements.
EN 60204-1:1997, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machinery — Part 1: General provisions.
EN 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)(IEC 529:1989).
EN 61496-1:1997, Safety of machinery — Electrosensitive protective equipment — Part 1: General
requirements and tests (IEC 61496-1:2004, modified),
EN ISO 3744, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure —
Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 3744:1994).
EN ISO 4871:1996, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and
equipment (ISO 4871:1996).
EN ISO 11201:1995, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Measurement of emission
sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions - Engineering method in an essentially
free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 11201:1995).
EN ISO 11688-1, Acoustics — Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment
— Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995).
EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic
terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003).
EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 2:
Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003)

3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and the
following apply.
3.1
working platform
accessible standing area
3.2
interlocking step
interlocked standing area
3.3
discharge flap
flap at the discharge outlet
3.4
loading device
lift tilt device for the lifting and tilting of trolleys and containers
3.5
product container
device for holding products to be processed
3.6
feed intake cover
movable device with safety function at the feed intake
3.7
trolley
wheel-mounted device for holding the products to be processed
3.8
design dimension
sum of the dimensions measured from the floor, or in case of steps, intermediate steps or working platforms:
from the standing place, to the edge of the mixing container and from the edge of the mixing container to the
next danger point in the mixing container
3.9
mixing container
container for holding products to be processed
3.10
mixing shaft
rotating component in the mixing container for mixing the product
3.11
mechanical trip bar
device with safety function
3.12
protective grid (mixing container)
device on the opening of the mixing container with safety function
3.13
protective hood (discharge outlet)
device over the discharge outlet with safety function
3.14
safeguard against toppling
device for preventing the machine from lifting or toppling over
3.15
feeding screw
rotating screw-shaped component in the mixing container for meat transport
3.16
transport carriage
trolley for holding the lock nut, set of cutting tools, worm and feeding screw
3.17
protective position of an interlocked step
step in horizontal position, causing stopping of the machine
4 List of significant hazards
4.1 General
This Clause and Annex C contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they
are dealt with in this standard, identified by a risk assessment significant for this type of machine and which
require action identified to eliminate or reduce risk.
Before using this standard it is important to carry out a risk assessment according to EN 1050 of the mixing
machine to check that it has identified all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events in this Clause.

KEY
1 Zone 1 6 Zone 6
2 Zone 2 7 Zone 7
3 Zone 3 8 Zone 8
4 Zone 4 9 Zone 9
5 Zone 5 10 Zone 10
Figure 2 — Danger zones on mixing machines
4.2 Mechanical hazards
4.2.1 Mixing machines with a container, one or several mixing shafts and feeding screw
 Zone 1
Rotating feeding screw and/or mixing shaft in mixing container.
Hazards from entanglement, shearing or severing to fingers, hand or fore arm.
4.2.2 Discharge outlet on mixing machines with a stationary mixing container, one or several mixing
shafts, front face or bottom discharge
 Zone 2
Rotating mixing shaft(s) in mixing container, access through discharge outlet or draining outlet.
Hazards from entanglement, shearing or severing to fingers, hand or forearm.
 Zone 4
Powered closure of discharge flap or slide.
Crushing hazard to fingers, hand or forearm.
4.2.3 Drive units
 Zone 6
Drive of mixing shaft.
Hazards from crushing, shearing or drawing-in to fingers or hand.
 Zone 5
Drive mechanism used to raise or lower the protective hood on discharge.
Hazards from crushing or shearing of upper limbs.
4.2.4 Machine components e. g. cover over mixing container
 Zone 3
Unintentional shutting of closing machine components and intentional closing of machine components.
Hazards from crushing to fingers or hand.
4.2.5 Loading device on mixing machines
 Zone 7
Space below transport carriage or container.
Hazards from trapping or crushing at floor level during descent to the body.
Hazards from impact during uncontrolled descent e. g. in the case of mechanical failures to the body.
 Zone 8
Path of movement of transport carriage and container.
Hazards from impact from moving components to the body.
Hazards from crushing or shearing between moving and stationary components to the fingers or hand.
 Zone 9
Drive elements and (where used) pulleys, chains or wire ropes.
Hazards from drawing-in, shearing, crushing or entanglement to fingers or hand.
 Zone 10
Discharge area
Hazards from impact or crushing from load-bearing-device to the body.
 Other mechanical hazards
Hazards from crushing , impact caused by tilting (loss of stability) to the body.
4.3 Electrical hazards
4.3.1 Direct or indirect electrical contact with live components
Hazard from electric shock to the body.
4.3.2 Electrical components with insufficient safety level
Hazard from mechanical shock to the body due to malfunction.
4.4 Hydraulic hazards
 Hazard from ejection of high-pressure fluid,
 Contamination of the product by hydraulic fluid.
4.5 Hazard from loss of stability
Hazard to the body by impact or crushing to the body, if the machine or the loading device topples over.
4.6 Noise hazard
Mixing machines may generate noise which can result in hearing damage, in accidents due to interference
with speech communication and interference with the perception of acoustic signals
4.7 Hazard from use of gases (N , CO and steam)
2 2
Leakage of gases such as carbon dioxide (CO ), nitrogen (N ) or steam
2 2
 Hazard of suffocation,
 Hazard of burns, frostbite or scalding.
4.8 Hazards from non-compliance with ergonomic principles
 Unhealthy posture or excessive physical effort,
 Inadequate consideration of human anatomy of hand/arm or foot/leg during machine design.
Hazard from physical damage.
4.9 Hazard from dust
 Addition of additives such as, e. g. spices, flour, will lead to dust formation.
Risk of asthma and allergies.
4.10 Hazards from non-compliance with hygiene principles
 Microbial causes
Hazard (spoilage) of foodstuff.
Hazard from damage to health of the consumer through food poisoning.
 Chemical causes
Hazard (contamination) of foodstuff through residues of cleaning and disinfecting agents.
Hazard from damage to health of the consumer through internal cauterizations.
 Physical causes
Foreign bodies originating from raw materials, machinery or other sources.
Hazard from damage to human health of the consumer through internal injuries.
5 Safety and hygiene requirements and/or protective measures
5.1 General
Mixing machines shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this Clause and
Annex C of this standard.
In addition, they shall be designed according to the principles of EN 12100-2 for hazards relevant but not
significant, which are not dealt with by this document (e. g. sharp edges).
NOTE For hazards which are to be reduced by the application of a B standard such as EN 294, EN 614-1, EN 953,
EN 954-1, EN 1050, EN 1088, EN 1672-2, EN 60204-1, EN ISO 4287 etc., the manufacturer should carry out a risk
assessment to establish the requirements of that standard which are to be applied. This specific risk assessment is part of
the general risk assessment of the machine.
Where the means of reducing the risk is by the physical arrangement or positioning of the machine the
manufacturer shall include in the information for use a reference to the reduction means to be provided, and to
any limiting value of the requirement, and, if appropriate, to the means of verification.
Where the means of reducing the risk is by a safe system of working the machinery, the manufacturer shall
include in the information for use details of the system and of the elements of training required by the
operating personnel.
5.2 Mechanical hazards
5.2.1 General
Mixing machines shall be designed and constructed in accordance with Annex C and the conditions
mentioned below.
The interlocking systems of guards shall comply with 4.2.1 of EN 1088:1995 (interlocking devices without
guard locking) and the safety related components of the control system shall comply with at least category 1
(higher than category B) of EN 954-1: 1996.
Additionally the interlocking devices shall be built inside the machine housing and correspond to 5.7 of
EN 1088:1995.
NOTE This is required
 to fulfil hygienic requirements,
 to protect against mechanical damages,
 to protect against the effects of cleaning and disinfecting materials,
 to protect against the effects of cleaning fluids (water),
 to protect against bypassing by simple methods.
In the instruction handbook, the manufacturer shall indicate the daily verification of the interlocking device.
5.2.2 Measures on mixing machines with a container, one or several mixing shafts
 Zone 1
Access to the danger points on the mixing shaft in the mixing container shall be prevented or restricted.
This shall be achieved by one of the following measures:
 design (e. g. closed mixing container) including a closed loading device for products (e. g. screw
conveyor, pipeline with pump) (see 5.2.3.1) or
 use of guards (e. g. a cover), according to EN 953:1997 (see 5.2.3.2) or
 use of electrosensitive protective devices (e. g. light barrier/curtain), see EN 12100-1:2003
(see 5.2.3.3.2) or
 use of fixed guards (e. g. fence), see EN 953:1997 or.the use of adequate safety distances, design
and additional measures (see 5.2.3.3)
5.2.3 Interlocking devices
5.2.3.1 Mixing machines with a closed mixing container
On these mixing machines, the mixing container and loading device shall be completely enclosed (connection
of machines) or the openings shall comply with table 4 of EN 294:1992. The functioning of the machine shall
be subordinated to the presence of the loading device by an interlocking device at the separation point.
The interlocking system of the separation point shall comply with the introductory requirements of 5.2 and the
safety related parts of the control device shall comply with at least 6.2.2 category 1 of EN 954-1:1996
5.2.3.2 Mixing machines with a cover at the mixing container
A cover shall be provided at the mixing container. The cover shall be interlocked. When the machine is
running without product, the mixing shaft shall come to a standstill within 2 s after the front edge of the guard
has been raised 50 mm (opening travel).
The interlocking system of the movable cover shall comply with the introductory requirements of 5.2 and the
safety related parts of the control device shall comply with at least 6.2.2 category 1 (higher than category B) of
EN 954-1:1996.
Openings in the cover shall comply with EN 294:1992, table 4.

KEY
1 Cover interlocked, opening travel
Figure 3 — Mixing machines with a cover at the mixing container - safety dimensions
5.2.3.3 Design of mixing machines with safety distances and additional measures
5.2.3.3.1 General
On mixing machines which cannot use an interlocked cover or a light curtain because they would interrupt
continuous working, the following measures are necessary:
5.2.3.3.2 Safety distances
The design dimension (see 3.8), measured from the floor (standing area) shall be ≥ 2250 mm. This is only
possible in connection with additional measures 5.2.3.3.3. There by the distance from floor to upper edge of
mechanical bar or light barrier must be H ≥ 1600 mm. The distance from the standing area, from steps, and
platforms up to the upper edge of the mechanical trip bar/light barrier must be H ≥ 1100 mm (see figure 4 ).
5.2.3.3.3 Additional measures
With a height H > 1600 mm, means shall be provided (e. g. a mirror or a fill level indicator) for allowing a
verification of the product level in the hopper.
The outside walls shall be designed (e. g. vertical and smooth) to prevent the operator climbing on the
machine. This also applies to interlocked steps in their folded position.
a) Interlocked step
If danger points in the feed intake hopper can be reached from steps or platforms (design measure
< 2250 mm). the steps or treads of platforms shall be foldable and interlocked for preventing the functioning of
the machine when they are in their protective position. When the mixing machine is running without product,
the mixing shaft shall come to a standstill within 2 s after the interlocking system has been actuated by moving
the step into its protective position.
The interlocking system of the movable step shall comply with the introductory requirements of 5.2 and the
safety-related components of the control system shall comply with at least 6.2.2, category 1 (higher than
category B) of EN 954-1:1996.
The standing area of steps shall have a width ≥ 500 mm and a length ≥ 400 mm and a toe rail of a height of
15 mm. If the standing area is < 500 mm above ground, an area of a width ≥ 400 mm and a length ≥ 350 mm
is sufficient. The standing area shall be of the non-slip type.
Platforms and accessible areas shall have of a width B ≥ 500 mm. The length of the platform shall correspond
to the length of the hopper .
Platforms which are located > 500 mm above ground shall be fitted with safety devices to prevent falls.
Intermediate steps, stairs or ladders and grab handles shall be provided if the step-up height to the step or to
the platform is > 500 mm. The standing areas and treads shall be sufficiently large and of the non-slip type
and arranged at identical distances from one another.
The standing area of the intermediate step shall have a width of ≥ 300 mm and a length of ≥ 200 mm. Treads
of ladders shall have a length of ≥ 500 mm and a width of ≥ 80 mm. A ladder shall be arranged at an angle of
< 70 to the horizontal.
KEY
1 mechanical bar
2 step, interlocked
H  ≥ 1600 mm
H  ≥ 1100 mm
H  ≥  500 mm with intermediate step
H + D + E ≥ 2250 mm
H + H + D + E ≥ 2250 mm
3 2 1 1
Figure 4 — Mixing machine with open mixing container, mechanical bar, light barrier and interlocking
step at the operator side – safety dimensions
b) Mechanical trip bar/light barrier or movable protective grid on mixing container edge, running
round all sides
At the hopper edge there shall be, at all sides alternatively, a mechanical trip bar, a light barrier or a protective
grid with trip function (see figures 4 and 5). Therefore the design dimension from the standing area (floor or
fixed step or fixed platform) across the upper edge of the protection equipment at the hopper edge up to the
next hazard point in the hopper shall be > 2250 mm.
The interlocking of the mechanical trip bar or the movable protective grid shall comply with the introductory
requirements of 5.2 and the safety-related components of the control system shall comply with at least 6.2.2,
category 1 (higher than category B) of EN 954-1:1996.
The design of the light barrier shall be in accordance with ESPE type 2 of EN 61496-1:1997.

KEY
1 movable protective grid
2 working platform, fixed
H ≥ 1600 mm
H ≥ 1100 mm
H ≥  500 mm with intermediate step
H ≥ 1600 mm
H + D + E ≥ 2250 mm
H + D + E ≥ 2250 mm
4 1
Figure 5 — Mixing machine with open mixing
Figure 6 — Discharge outlet at the mixing
container, protective grid and fixed step at the
machine – protective hood
operator side – safety dimensions

5.2.4 Discharge outlet on mixing machines with front face or bottom discharge outlet
 Zone 2
Access to the danger points on the mixing shaft behind the discharge outlet shall be protected. This shall be
achieved by one of the following measures:
On mixing machines, the discharge outlet shall be protected by the use of a guard (e. g. protective hood).
The guard shall project ≥ 550 mm in the operating direction and be provided with a lateral projection. The
distance between the trolley or container and the protective hood shall be ≤ 50 mm (see figure 6). The lateral
access shall be prevented. The mixing shaft shall come to a standstill at < 2 s, or the discharge flaps shall be
closed within < 2 s, after the protective hood or the trolley or the container has been moved 50 mm out of the
protective position. When using grill-shaped protective hoods or protective hoods of a rod-shaped material,
the safety distances shall comply with EN 294:1992, table 4. The protective hood or the discharge flaps shall
be interlocked with the functioning of the machine.
For requirements relating to the interlocking system of the movable protective hood, see the introductory
requirements of 5.2.
5.2.5 Drive system
 Zone 5
Access to danger zones on the drive system shall be prevented. This shall be achieved by fixed guards
(housing cover) in accordance with 3.2 of EN 953:1997.
5.2.6 Machine components e. g. cover over mixing container
5.2.6.1 General
 Zone 3
5.2.6.2 Manual operation
The force required to raise or lower the cover shall not exceed 250 N.
Movable machine components (e. g. cover) shall be prevented from slamming shut.
This shall be achieved e. g. by the following measures:
On non-powered covers, e. g. a counterweight or a spring shall be provided if, when open, they do not swing
back sufficiently to a position behind their top dead centre. The cover shall be provided with a grab handle.
5.2.6.3 Powered operation
Lowering of the cover shall be carried out so that when the distance from the front edge of the cover to the
front edge of the mixing container is < 200 mm, the lowering speed shall not exceed 50 mm/s (the measuring
point shall be located at the largest opening width of the cover). Higher speed is allowed for the descent down
to a minimum distance of 200 mm from the mixing container. The control unit for lowering the cover shall be
designed as a hold-to-run control.
In the event of a drive failure (e. g. pipe or hose break), the movement of the cover shall be stopped.
5.2.7 Mixing machines with loading devices
5.2.7.1 General
 Zones 8 to 10
5.2.7.2 Loading devices on mixing machines
Lift-tilt devices of various designs exist, including those with
 fixed lifting arms for holding the trolley,
 lifting arms which allow the trolley to swivel in a gondola and thus remain horizontal,
 a vertical pillar mast with forks for holding trolleys or containers.
5.2.7.3 Additional requirements relating to lift-tilt devices on mixing machines
5.2.7.3.1 Installation
Lift-tilt devices can be free standing or connected to the mixing machine. Lift-tilt devices shall be designed in
such a way that they are stable. A special device shall be provided to prevent the lift-tilt device or the machine
falling over.
This can be achieved e. g. by
 use of a hold to-run control for the lowering of the load bearing parts,
 use of gravity only for lowering the lifting device,
 a special device on the machine or lift-tilt device so that powered descent of the load-bearing device onto
an obstruction cannot cause instability. This can be e. g. a level switch, to automatically stop the descent.
Where the machine or the lift tilt device is fixed to the floor, overload conditions to the load bearing
components of the lift tilt device shall be prevented in the event of the power operated loading device meeting
an obstruction. This can be achieved e. g. by a slipping clutch or overload cut out to automatically stop the
lowering motion.
5.2.7.3.2 Lifting device
5.2.7.3.2.1 Lifting devices shall be designed to prevent trolleys or containers from falling off. This can be
achieved by a fixing device at the loading device for trolleys and containers
5.2.7.3.2.2 Lifting devices shall be designed that trolleys or containers do not create danger points during
up and down movements. This can be achieved by the observance of all following measures:
distance between the loading device, trolley and the machine base shall be > 120 mm,

 distance between the trolley or loading device and the feed intake hopper edge > 25 mm.
By using a hold-to-run control these distances are not required.
5.2.7.3.3 Mast-type lift-tilt device
The danger points between the load bearing device and the mast on the side opposite the load bearing device
shall be protected if the distance between the load bearing device and the mast is < 120 mm. If the tilt range
of the load bearing device is > 2000 mm or more above the floor, no guarding is required if the distance
between the load bearing device and the mast is > 60 mm.
During the climb of the loading device the mixing shafts shall stand still.
5.2.7.3.4 Lift-tilt device for feed heights > 2500 mm
The path of movement of the load bearing device, with the exception of the run-in and run-out opening, shall
be protected by means of a distance guard (e. g. a protective fence). An electrosensitive protective device
(e. g. a light barrier, mechanical bar or flap) shall be fitted on the upper edge of the run-in and run-out opening
to prevent lifting of incorrectly positioned trolleys or containers (see figure 7).
For requirements relating to the interlocking system of the mechanical bar or mechanical flap as well as the
light barrier, see Clause 5.2.3. and 5.2.3.3.

KEY
1 cover designed as a grid
2 mechanical bar, pivoted
3 container
4 mechanical flap
Figure 7 — Safety device for container position
5.2.7.3.5 Lowering velocity of load bearing device
The lowering velocity shall be ≤ 0,4 m/s when it is controlled by a hold-to-run control.
The lowering velocity shall be ≤ 0,1 m/s when the lowering motion is controlled automatically or without a hold-
to-run control. In this case, the last 0,5 m until the trolley or container touches the floor shall be controlled by a
hold-to-run control.
5.3 Electrical hazards
5.3.1 General
The electrical equipment shall comply with EN 60204-1. For additional requirements of the electrical
equipment see 5.3.2 to 5.3.6.
5.3.2 Stopping function of switching devices
Switching devices for stopping the machine (actuators) shall be in accordance with 9.2.2, category 0 or 1 of
EN 60204-1:1997.
5.3.3 Emergency stop-device
Machines must be fitted with an emergency stop device, as far as the risk assessment carried out by the
manufacturer does not allow concluding that such a device would not lessen the risk, because it would not
reduce the stopping time.
In general a mixing machine does not need an emergency stop device. In this case the usual OFF switch shall
be easily reachable from the operator position.
5.3.4 Protection against water ingress
5.3.4.1 IP degrees of protection
Electrical operating components shall comply with the following degrees of protection in accordance with
EN 60529:
 IP X5 External electrical operating components
 on the machine,
 on the control box enclosure on the machine,
 on the control box enclosure located in the process room.
 IP X3 Internal electrical operating components
 in the machine with enclosed housing with the degree of protection IP X5 and open lower surface.
Protection against direct and indirect impact of a water jet shall be ensured.
 IP X2 Internal electrical operating components
 in a machine with completely enclosed housing with the degree of protection IP X5. Protection
against condensation shall be provided (e. g. by a hood),
 in the control box enclosure.
 IP X0 Internal electrical operating components
 in a machine with completely enclosed housing with the degree of protection IP X5. Protection
against condensation shall be provided. Contact of fingers and the back of hands with live parts shall
be prevented by the design of the electrical elements according to EN 60529.
5.3.4.2 Hoods
If mixing machines are intended to be cleaned by means of pressurised water (e. g. tap water), ingress of
water into the external electrical operating components shall be prevented. This can be achieved e. g. by the
following measures:
The electrical operating components shall be covered by hoods. The use shall be indicated in the instruction
handbook.
Hoods covering the external operating components may be lifted for actuating ON and OFF switches. Hoods
shall not, when closed, restrict the use of the OFF switch (see figure 8). When using membrane switches or
similar systems, no hoods are needed if the membrane switch or similar systems are suitable for cleaning with
pressurised water.
KEY
1 OFF
2 ON
3 PROTECTION HOOD (OFF)
Figure 8 — ON/OFF switch with hood
5.3.5 ON and OFF-switch
On mixing machines, ON and OFF-switches shall be provided. The switches shall be arranged on the
operator side of machines. The ON-switch shall be protected against unintentional switch-on (e. g. protective
collar).
5.3.6 Safety requirements related to electromagnetic phenomena
Mixing machines shall have sufficient immunity to electromagnetic disturbances to enable them to operate
safely as intended and not fail to danger when exposed to the levels and types of disturbances intended by
the manufacturer.
The manufacturer of the machines shall design, install and wire the equipment and sub-assemblies taking into
account the recommendations of the suppliers of these sub assemblies.
5.4 Hydraulic hazards
The hydraulic equipment shall comply with EN 982.
The hydraulic elements shall be housed inside the machine, if technically feasible. The bursting pressure of
the hoses shall be four times the pressure under normal operating conditions.
5.5 Hazard from loss of stability
Mixing machines (fixed to floor) shall be designed to be stable under normal operating conditions.
For mixing machines not fixed to floor, sufficient inherent tilt stability shall be ensured.
The manufacturer shall give details on foundation load and types of fixing in the instruction handbook. The use
of the locking device for the wheels and the type of the floor shall be described.
Machines tested in accordance with table 1 shall not roll, slip or tilt at their location.
5.6 Noise reduction
Noise reduction shall be an integral part of the design process thus taking into account measures at source as
given in EN ISO 11688-1.The success of the applied noise reduction measures is assessed on the basis of
the actual noise emission values (see Annex A) in relation to other machines of the same family.
5.7 Hazard from use of gases ( N , CO and steam)
2 2
Mixing machines designed for operation with gases such as e. g. CO , N or steam shall be provided with a
2 2
close-fitting cover. This cover may also be used as a guard.
Supply of gases (CO , N or steam) shall be fitted with an inlet valve which shall be interlocked in such a way
2 2
that no supply of gas or steam is possible with the lid open. The valve shall be clearly marked and easily
accessible.
The construction shall be so effective that no pressure increase is possible. The cover may be kept shut by
gravity or by mechanical means.
5.8 Ergonomic requirements
The ergonomic principles and requirements described in Clause 4.8 of EN 12100-2:2003 as well as in
EN 614-1 and in EN 1005- 1-3, shall be taken into account. All information required for achieving the
ergonomic objectives to be followed by the user shall be described in the instruction handbook.
On mixing machines with a hand-operated cover over the mixing container, the grab handle shall be designed
and located such that an operating force < 250 N is required.
On mixing machines with an ejector or extractor, these shall be designed such that an operating force < 250 N
is required.
On mixing machines with screws weighing > 25 kg, lifting devices and transport carriages at the same height
shall be provided which make it possible to install, remove and transport these parts without manual lifting
(see figure 9).
KEY
1 transport screw
2 transport carriage
3 castors with locking devices
Figure 9 — Transport carriage for screw conveyor
On mixing machines with a height > 1400 mm (measured from the floor to the upper edge of the mixing
container), steps or working platforms shall be provided for operating, setting-up and cleaning procedures
which cannot be done from the floor. The distance from the standing area of steps or working platforms to the
container edge shall be < 1200 mm. See also Clause 5.2.3.3.3.
On mixing machines a loading device shall be provided if the distance from the standing area to the container
edge is > 1400 mm.
5.9 Hazard from dust
Measures to prevent emission of dust-like materials shall be taken. These measures may include
 tight-fitting access pipe,
 suction means at the outlet or
 tight-fitting cover.
5.10 Hygiene and cleaning
5.10.1 General
The design of t
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