EN 13490:2001

Mechanical vibration - Industrial trucks - Laboratory evaluation and specification of operator seat vibration

1.1 This European Standard is applicable to operator seats used on industrial trucks as defined in ISO 5053 irrespective of power supply, type of equipment, lifting mechanism and tyres. It also applies to seats for other trucks not covered by ISO 5053, e.g. variable-reach trucks and low-lift order picking trucks.

Mechanische Schwingungen - Flurförderzeuge - Laborverfahren zur Bewertung sowie Spezifikation der Schwingungen des Maschinenführersitzes

1.1   Diese Europäische Norm gilt für Maschinenführersitze, die auf Flurförderzeugen, wie sie in ISO 5053:1987 definiert sind, ohne Rücksicht auf ihre Antriebsenergie, die Art der Ausrüstung, die Hubmechanik und die Reifen eingesetzt werden. Sie gilt auch für Sitze von anderen, von ISO 5053:1987 nicht erfassten Flurförderzeugen, z. B. Stapler mit veränderbarer Reichweite, Niederhub-kommissionierer.
1.2   Diese Europäische Norm legt in Übereinstimmung mit EN 30326-1 ein Laborverfahren zur Messung und Bewertung der Wirksamkeit der Sitzfederung fest, und zwar inwieweit der Sitz die vertikalen Ganzkörper-Schwingungen, die auf den Maschinenführer eines Flurförderzeugs übertragen werden, bei Frequenzen zwischen 1 Hz und 20 Hz verringert.
1.3   Diese Europäische Norm legt für die Prüf-Erregerschwingungen Spektralklassen fest, die für die folgenden Flurförderzeuge gelten. Jede Klasse umfasst eine Gruppe von Maschinen, die jeweils ähnliche Schwingungs-eigenschaften haben:
¾ Plattformwagen, fahrergesteuerte Flurförderzeuge usw. mit einem mittleren Raddurchmesser unter 200 mm und hochbelastbaren massiven, nicht aus Gummi bestehenden Reifen (Kategorie 1) )
¾ Schubgabel- und -rahmenstapler, Knickgelenkfahrzeuge usw. mit einem mittleren Raddurchmesser unter 450 mm und entweder hochbelastbaren massiven, nicht aus Gummi bestehenden Reifen oder Vollgummi-reifen mit zylindrischer/konischer Radscheibe (Kategorie 2)1)
¾ Spreizenstapler, Flurförderzeuge mit einem mittleren Raddurchmesser unter 645 mm und Vollgummi- oder Luftreifen (Kategorie 3)1)
¾ Spreizenstapler, Flurförderzeuge mit einem mittleren Raddurchmesser zwischen 645 mm und 900 mm und Vollgummi- oder Luftreifen (Kategorie 4a)1)
¾ Spreizenstapler, Flurförderzeuge mit einem mittleren Raddurchmesser zwischen 900 mm und 1 200 mm und Vollgummi- oder Luftreifen (Kategorie 4b) )

Vibrations mécaniques - Chariots industriels - Evaluation en laboratoire et spécification des vibrations transmises à l'opérateur par le siège

1.1   La présente Norme européenne s'applique aux sièges d'opérateurs utilisés sur des chariots industriels tels qu'ils sont définis dans l'ISO 5053:1987, quels que soient la source d'énergie, le type d'équipement, le mécanisme de levage et les pneumatiques. Elle s'applique également aux sièges d'autres chariots non couverts par l'ISO 5053:1987, par exemple les chariots rétractables de portée variable et les chariots à poste de conduite de petite levée.
1.2   La présente Norme européenne spécifie, conformément à l'EN 30326-1, une méthode en laboratoire de mesurage et d'évaluation de l'efficacité de la suspension du siège à réduire les vibrations verticales transmises au corps entier de l'opérateur des chariots industriels à des fréquences comprises entre 1 Hz et 20 Hz.
1.3   La présente Norme européenne définit les classes de spectre d'excitation nécessaires pour les chariots industriels suivants. Chaque classe définit un groupe de machines ayant des caractéristiques vibratoires similaires :
¾ les chariots à plate-forme recouvrante, les chariots à conducteur porté, etc. avec un diamètre de roues moyen inférieur à 200 mm et des bandages pleins non caoutchoutés pouvant supporter des charges élevées (catégorie 1) ) ;
¾ les chariots à mât ou fourche rétractable, les chariots articulés, etc. avec un diamètre de roues moyen inférieur à 450 mm et des bandages pleins non caoutchoutés pouvant supporter des charges élevées ou des bandages pleins caoutchoutés à base cylindrique/conique (catégorie 2)1) ;
¾ les chariots à fourche entre longerons, les chariots ayant un diamètre de roues moyen inférieur à 645 mm et des pneumatiques pleins ou gonflables caoutchoutés (catégorie 3) 1) ;

Mechanical vibration - Industrial trucks - Laboratory evaluation and specification of operator seat vibration

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 09-Oct-2001
• Withdrawal Date: 25-Nov-2008
• ICS: 13.160 - Vibration and shock with respect to human beings
• ICS: 53.060 - Industrial trucks
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 231 - Mechanical vibration and shock
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 231/WG 9 - Seating
• Current Stage: 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
• Start Date: 26-Nov-2008
• Completion Date: 26-Nov-2008
• Directive: 98/37/EC - Machinery
• Mandate: M/079 - Mandate to CEN and CENELEC for standardization in the field of machines
• Ref Project: SIST EN 13490:2002 - Mechanical vibration - Industrial trucks - Laboratory evaluation and specification of operator seat vibration

Relations

• Merged Into: EN 13490:2001+A1:2008 - Mechanical vibration - Industrial trucks - Laboratory evaluation and specification of operator seat vibration
• Effective Date: 19-Jan-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 13490:2002
01-januar-2002
Mechanical vibration - Industrial trucks - Laboratory evaluation and specification
of operator seat vibration
Mechanical vibration - Industrial trucks - Laboratory evaluation and specification of
operator seat vibration
Mechanische Schwingungen - Flurförderzeuge - Laborverfahren zur Bewertung sowie
Spezifikation der Schwingungen des Maschinenführersitzes
Vibrations mécaniques - Chariots industriels - Evaluation en laboratoire et spécification
des vibrations transmises a l'opérateur par le siege
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13490:2001
ICS:
13.160 Vpliv vibracij in udarcev na Vibration and shock with
ljudi respect to human beings
53.060 Industrijski tovornjaki Industrial trucks
SIST EN 13490:2002 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN 13490:2002

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SIST EN 13490:2002
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 13490
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
October 2001
ICS 13.160; 53.060
English version
Mechanical vibration - Industrial trucks - Laboratory evaluation
and specification of operator seat vibration
Vibrations mécaniques - Chariots industriels - Evaluation Mechanische Schwingungen - Flurförderzeuge -
en laboratoire et spécification des vibrations transmises à Laborverfahren zur Bewertung sowie Spezifikation der
l'opérateur par le siège Schwingungen des Maschinenführersitzes
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 20 August 2001.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2001 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13490:2001 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST EN 13490:2002
EN 13490:2001 (E)
Foreword
This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 231 "Mechanical
vibration and shock", the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2002, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by April 2002.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EC Directive(s).
For relationship with EC Directive(s), see informative annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
standard.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,
Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Introduction
The operators of industrial trucks are often exposed to a low-frequency vibration environment mainly
caused by the movement of the vehicles over uneven ground. The seat constitutes the last stage of
suspension before the driver. To be efficient at attenuating the vibration, the suspension seat should
be chosen according to the dynamic characteristics of the vehicle. The performance criteria
provided in this European Standard have been set in accordance with what is attainable using what
is at present the best design practice. They do not necessarily ensure the complete protection of
the operator against effects of vibration and shock. They may be revised in the light of future
developments and improvements in suspension design.
Performance criteria obtained in accordance with this European Standard may be useful to
manufacturers of industrial trucks when selecting seats for possible use in their products. However,
to satisfy fully the requirements of the EC Machinery Directive it is important for suppliers of mobile
machinery to demonstrate that the seat supplied reduces the vibration in the specified machine to
the lowest level that can be reasonably achieved.
The test inputs included in this European Standard are based on a very large number of
measurements taken in situ on industrial trucks while they were used under severe but typical
operating conditions. The test method is based on EN 30326-1, which is a general method
applicable to seats for different types of vehicles.
1 Scope
1.1 This European Standard is applicable to operator seats used on industrial trucks as defined in
ISO 5053:1987 irrespective of power supply, type of equipment, lifting mechanism and tyres. It also
applies to seats for other trucks not covered by ISO 5053:1987, e.g. variable-reach trucks and low-
lift order picking trucks.
1.2 This European Standard specifies, in accordance with EN 30326-1, a laboratory method for
measuring and evaluating the effectiveness of the seat suspension in reducing the vertical whole-
body vibration transmitted to the operator of industrial trucks at frequencies between 1 Hz and
20 Hz.
2

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SIST EN 13490:2002
EN 13490:2001 (E)
1.3 This European Standard defines the input spectral classes required for the following industrial
trucks. Each class defines a group of machines having similar vibration characteristics:
– Platform trucks, trucks rider-controlled, etc. with wheel mean diameter below 200 mm and high-
1)
load non-rubber solid tyres (category 1)
– Reach trucks, articulated trucks, etc. with wheel mean diameter below 450 mm and high-load
1)
non-rubber solid tyres or cylindrical/conical base rubber solid tyres (category 2)
– Straddle trucks, trucks with wheel mean diameter below 645 mm and rubber solid or pneumatic
1)
tyres (category 3)
– Straddle trucks, trucks with wheel mean diameter between 645 mm and 900 mm and rubber
1)
solid or pneumatic tyres (category 4a)
– Straddle trucks, trucks with wheel mean diameter between 900 mm and 1200 mm and rubber
1)
solid or pneumatic tyres (category 4b)
– Trucks with wheel mean diameter between 1200 mm and 2000 mm and rubber solid or
1)
pneumatic tyres (category 5)
1)
– All-terrain trucks (category 6) .
1.4 This European Standard specifies performance criteria to be achieved by seats intended for
each of the above-mentioned groups of machines.
1.5 The tests and criteria defined in this European Standard are intended for operator seats used
in industrial trucks of conventional design.
NOTE  Other tests may be appropriate for machines with design features that result in significantly different
vibration characteristics.
1.6 This European Standard is only concerned with the vertical component of whole-body vibration.
Vibration which reaches the operator other than through his seat, for example that sensed by his
feet on the platform or control pedals or by his hands on the steering-wheel, is not covered.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other
publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the
publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of
any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by
amendment or revision. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to
applies (including amendments).
ENV 28041, Human response to vibration – Measuring instrumentation (ISO 8041:1990)
EN 30326-1:1994, Mechanical vibration – Laboratory method for evaluating vehicle seat vibration –
Part 1: Basic requirements (ISO 10326-1:1992)
EN ISO 13090-1, Mechanical vibration and shock – Guidance on safety aspects of tests and
experiments with people – Part 1: Exposure to whole-body mechanical vibration and repeated shock
(ISO 13090-1:1998)

1) See prEN 13059:1997.
3

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SIST EN 13490:2002
EN 13490:2001 (E)
ISO 2631-1:1997, Mechanical vibration and shock – Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body
vibration – Part 1: General requirements
ISO 5053:1987, Powered industrial trucks – Terminology
ISO 5805:1997, Mechanical vibration and shock – Human exposure – Vocabulary
ISO 8041:1990/Amd. 1:1999, Human response to vibration – Measuring instrumentation –
Amendment 1
3 Terms and definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5805:1997 and
the following apply.
3.1.1
whole-body vibration
vibration transmitted to the body as a whole through the buttocks of a seated operator
3.1.2
input spectral class
machines having similar ride vibration characteristics at the seat attachment point, grouped by virtue
of various mechanical characteristics
3.1.3
operator seat
that portion of the machine provided for the purpose of supporting the buttocks and back of the
seated operator, including any suspension system and other mechanisms provided (for example, for
adjusting the seat position)
3.1.4
frequency analysis
process of arriving at a quantitative description of a vibration amplitude as a function of frequency
3.1.5
measuring period
time duration in which vibration data for analysis is obtained
3.2 Symbols and abbreviations
For the purposes of this European Standard, the following symbols and abbreviations apply:
a (f ) unweighted r.m.s. value of the measured vertical acceleration at the platform at the
P r
resonance frequency
a* , a* unweighted r.m.s. value of the target vertical acceleration at the platform under the
P12 P34
seat (see Figure 1) between frequencies f and f , or f and f
1 2 3 4
a , a unweighted r.m.s. value of the measured vertical acceleration at the platform
P12 P34
between frequencies f and f , or f and f
1 2 3 4
a (f ) unweighted r.m.s. value of the measured vertical acceleration at the seat disc at the
S r
resonance frequency
4

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SIST EN 13490:2002
EN 13490:2001 (E)
a* , a* weighted r.m.s. value of the target vertical acceleration at the platform between
wP12 wP34
frequencies f and f , or f and f
1 2 3 4
a weighted r.m.s. value of the measured vertical acceleration at the platform between
wP12
frequencies f and f
1 2
a weighted r.m.s. value of the measured vertical acceleration at the seat disc (see
wS12
Figure 1) between frequencies f and f
1 2
B resolution bandwidth, Hz
e
EM Earth-moving Machinery
f frequency, Hz
f frequency at resonance
r
G (f) measured PSD of the vertical vibration at the platform (seat base)
P
G* (f) target PSD of the vertical vibration at the platform (seat base)
P
G* (f) lower limit for the measured PSD of the vertical vibration at the platform (seat base)
PL
G* (f) upper limit for the measured PSD of the vertical vibration at the platform (seat base)
PU
H(f ) transmissibility at resonance
r
HP high-pass filter
IT Industrial Truck
LP low-pass filter
PSD power spectral density expressed as acceleration squared per unit bandwidth,
2 2
(m/s ) /Hz
r.m.s. root mean square
SEAT Seat Effective Amplitude Transmissibility factor
T sampling time, s.
s
5

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SIST EN 13490:2002
EN 13490:2001 (E)
Key
1 Seat backrest
2 Seat pan
3 Accelerometer disc on the seat pan (S)
4 Seat suspension
5 Platform
6 Accelerometer on the platform (P)
7 Base of the seat
Provision shall be made for adjustment of the angles of the knees, the ankles and the backrest (if
possible) (see 5.2).
Figure 1 – Posture of the test person
6

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SIST EN 13490:2002
EN 13490:2001 (E)
4 General
4.1 The laboratory simulated machine vertical vibration, specified as input spectral class, is based
on representative measured data from machines in severe but typical working conditions. The input
spectral class is a representative envelope for the machines within the class, therefore the
laboratory test is more severe than the typical vibration environment of any specific machine.
4.2 Two criteria are used for the evaluation of seat:
a) the Seat Effective Amplitude Transmissibility (SEAT) factor according to EN 30326-1:1994, 9.1,
but with frequency weighting according to ISO 2631-1,
b) the maximum transmission ratio in the damping test according to EN 30326-1:1994, 9.2.
4.3 The measuring equipment shall be in accordance with ENV 28041 (type 1 instrument) and
EN 30326-1:1994, clauses 4 and 5. The frequency weighting shall include the effects of the band
limiting filters, and be in accordance with ISO 2631-1 (see ISO 8041:1990/Amd. 1:1999).
4.4 Safety precautions shall be in accordance with EN ISO 13090-1.
Any compliant end-stops or devices normally fitted to production versions of the seat to be tested to
minimize the effect of suspension overtravel shall be in place for the dynamic tests.
5 Test conditions and test procedure
The test conditions and test procedure shall be in accordance with EN 30326-1:1994, clauses 7
and 8.
5.1 Simulation of vibration
See EN 30326-1:1994, clause 5.
A platform, the dimensions of which correspond approximately to those of the operator's platform of
an industrial truck, shall be mounted on a vibrator which is capable of generating vibration along the
vertical axis (see Figure 1).
5.2 Test seat
The operator seat for the test shall be representative of series-produced models, with regard to
construction, static and vibration characteristics and other features which may affect the vibration
test results. Before the test, the suspension seats shall be run-in under conditions stipulated by the
manufacturer. If the manufacturer does not state such conditions, then the seat shall be run-in for
5000 cycles, with measurements at 1000-cycle intervals.
For this purpose, the seat shall be loaded with an inert mass of 75 kg and adjusted to the mass in
accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. The seat and suspension shall be mounted on the
platform of a vibrator, and a sinusoidal input vibration shall be applied to the platform at
approximately the suspension natural frequency. This input vibration shall have a peak-to-peak
7

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SIST EN 13490:2002
EN 13490:2001 (E)
displacement sufficient to cause movement of the seat suspension over approximately 75 % of its
stroke. A platform peak-to-peak displacement of approximately 40 % of the seat suspension stroke
is likely to achieve this. Care should be taken to ensure against overheating of the suspension
damper during the running-in, for which forc
...