EN 15002:2015
(Main)Characterization of waste - Preparation of test portions from the laboratory sample
Characterization of waste - Preparation of test portions from the laboratory sample
This European Standard is applicable for the preparation of representative test portions from the laboratory sample that has been taken according to the sampling plan (EN 14899), prior to physical and/or chemical analysis (e.g. preparation of eluates, extractions, digestion and/or analytical determinations) of solid (including monolithic material) and liquid samples and sludge. It is also applicable for the preparation of test portions from digests and eluates for the subsequent analyses.
This European Standard is intended to find the correct sequence of operations and treatments to be applied to the laboratory sample in order to obtain suitable test portions in compliance with the specific requirements defined in the corresponding analytical procedures.
Charakterisierung von Abfällen - Herstellung von Prüfmengen aus der Laborprobe
Diese Europäische Norm ist anwendbar bei der Aufbereitung von repräsentativen Prüfmengen aus der Laborprobe, die nach dem Probenahmeplan (EN 14899) entnommen wurde; vor der physikalischen und/oder chemischen Analyse (z. B. Herstellung von Eluaten, Extraktionen, Aufschlüsse und/oder analytische Bestimmungen) von festen (inklusive monolithischem Material) und flüssigen Proben sowie von Schlamm. Sie gilt auch für die Vorbereitung von Prüfmengen aus Aufschlüssen und Eluaten für die anschließende Analyse.
Diese Europäische Norm ist dafür vorgesehen, die richtige Reihenfolge von Arbeitsschritten und Behandlungen herauszufinden, die auf die Laborproben anzuwenden sind, um geeignete Prüfmengen unter Beachtung der in den entsprechenden Analysenverfahren festgelegten spezifischen Anforderungen zu erhalten.
Caractérisation des déchets - Préparation de prises d'essai à partir de l'échantillon pour laboratoire
La présente Norme européenne s'applique pour la préparation de prises d'essai représentatives à partir de l'échantillon pour laboratoire qui a été prélevé conformément au plan d'échantillonnage (EN 14899), avant analyse physique et/ou chimique (par exemple, préparation d'éluats, extractions, digestion et/ou déterminations analytiques) de boues et d'échantillons solides (y compris des matériaux monolithiques) et liquides. Elle est également applicable pour la préparation de prises d'essai à partir de digestats et d'éluats, en vue d'analyses ultérieures.
La présente Norme européenne a pour objet de déterminer la séquence correcte d'opérations et de traitements à appliquer à l'échantillon pour laboratoire afin d'obtenir des prises d'essai convenables conformément aux exigences spécifiques définies dans les modes opératoires d'analyse correspondants.
Karakterizacija odpadkov - Priprava preskusnih vzorcev iz laboratorijskega vzorca
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 21-Apr-2015
- Technical Committee
- CEN/TC 444 - Environmental characterization
- Drafting Committee
- CEN/TC 444/WG 6 - Cross cutting issues
- Current Stage
- 9093 - Decision to confirm - Review Enquiry
- Start Date
- 30-Jun-2021
- Completion Date
- 14-Apr-2025
- Directive
- 99/31/EC - Landfill of waste
Relations
- Replaces
EN 15002:2006 - Characterization of waste - Preparation of test portions from the laboratory sample - Effective Date
- 29-Apr-2015
Overview - EN 15002:2015 (Characterization of waste)
EN 15002:2015 is a CEN European Standard that specifies how to prepare representative test portions from a laboratory sample taken according to a sampling plan (e.g., EN 14899) before physical or chemical analysis. It covers solid (including monolithic materials), liquid samples and sludge, and it also applies to preparing test portions from digests and eluates used for subsequent analytical determinations. The standard defines the correct sequence of operations and treatments so test portions comply with analytical procedure requirements and maintain representativity.
Key topics and technical requirements
- Sequence of treatment techniques - EN 15002 emphasizes choosing the correct order of operations to avoid analyte loss or contamination.
- Homogenization - methods for making samples uniform (different approaches for solids, liquids and volatile compounds).
- Phase / fraction separation - when homogenization is impractical; includes solid–liquid and liquid–liquid separation and fractioning of solids.
- Drying and particle size reduction - guidance on removing interfering water and on milling / crushing, with re-homogenization to prevent segregation.
- Sub-sampling and test portioning - procedures (manual and mechanical) for obtaining representative sub-samples and test portions, including monolithic sample cutting/coring.
- Equipment and contamination control - selection of compatible materials, cleaning to avoid abrasion, cross-contamination and chemical release; recommended dedicated rooms for crushing/sieving.
- Interferences, sources of error and safety - awareness of volatile losses, dust, gas pressure in sealed containers, and hazardous constituents in wastes; follow national safety rules.
- Documentation and reporting - record the sequence of treatment steps and any deviations so analytical results remain traceable.
Applications and who uses it
EN 15002:2015 is used by:
- Environmental and waste testing laboratories preparing samples for chemical and physical analyses
- Regulatory agencies and compliance laboratories conducting waste characterization
- Environmental consultants and waste management companies verifying waste composition
- Research institutions working on sludge, contaminated soils, or monolithic waste materials
Practical applications include preparation for eluate testing, chemical digestion, extraction, volatile and semi-volatile organic compound analysis, and metal determinations where representative subsamples are critical for reliable results.
Related standards
- EN 14899 - Guidance on sampling and the sampling plan for waste characterization
- EN 12457-1:2002 - Definitions and test methods referenced for wastes (granular waste)
- ISO 13877, ISO 10382, ISO 10381-7 - referenced for organic/volatile compound definitions and methods
EN 15002:2015 ensures that laboratory sample preparation is systematic, reproducible and suitable for accurate analytical determinations in waste characterization.
Frequently Asked Questions
EN 15002:2015 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Characterization of waste - Preparation of test portions from the laboratory sample". This standard covers: This European Standard is applicable for the preparation of representative test portions from the laboratory sample that has been taken according to the sampling plan (EN 14899), prior to physical and/or chemical analysis (e.g. preparation of eluates, extractions, digestion and/or analytical determinations) of solid (including monolithic material) and liquid samples and sludge. It is also applicable for the preparation of test portions from digests and eluates for the subsequent analyses. This European Standard is intended to find the correct sequence of operations and treatments to be applied to the laboratory sample in order to obtain suitable test portions in compliance with the specific requirements defined in the corresponding analytical procedures.
This European Standard is applicable for the preparation of representative test portions from the laboratory sample that has been taken according to the sampling plan (EN 14899), prior to physical and/or chemical analysis (e.g. preparation of eluates, extractions, digestion and/or analytical determinations) of solid (including monolithic material) and liquid samples and sludge. It is also applicable for the preparation of test portions from digests and eluates for the subsequent analyses. This European Standard is intended to find the correct sequence of operations and treatments to be applied to the laboratory sample in order to obtain suitable test portions in compliance with the specific requirements defined in the corresponding analytical procedures.
EN 15002:2015 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 13.030.01 - Wastes in general. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN 15002:2015 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN 15002:2006. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
EN 15002:2015 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 99/31/EC; Standardization Mandates: M/326. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Karakterizacija odpadkov - Priprava preskusnih vzorcev iz laboratorijskega vzorcaCharaktersierung von Abfällen - Herstellung von Prüfmengen aus der LaboratoriumsprobeCaractérisation des déchets - Préparation de prises d'essai à partir de l'échantillon pour laboratoireCharacterization of waste - Preparation of test portions from the laboratory sample13.030.01Odpadki na splošnoWastes in generalICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 15002:2015SIST EN 15002:2015en,fr,de01-julij-2015SIST EN 15002:2015SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 15002:20061DGRPHãþD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 15002
April 2015 ICS 13.030.01 Supersedes EN 15002:2006English Version
Characterization of waste - Preparation of test portions from the laboratory sample
Caractérisation des déchets - Préparation de prises d'essai à partir de l'échantillon pour laboratoire
Charakterisierung von Abfällen - Herstellung von Prüfmengen aus der Laborprobe This European Standard was approved by CEN on 7 February 2015.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15002:2015 ESIST EN 15002:2015
Guideline for choosing sample treatment techniques . 13 A.1 General . 13 A.2 Homogenization . 13 A.2.1 General information . 13 A.2.2 Solid samples . 13 A.2.3 Liquid samples . 14 A.2.4 Homogenization in case of volatile compounds . 15 A.3 Phase/fraction separation . 15 A.3.1 General information . 15 A.3.2 Solid – liquid separation . 15 A.3.3 Liquid – liquid separation . 17 A.3.4 Solid – solid separation; separation into different fractions . 18 A.4 Drying . 19 A.4.1 General information . 19 A.4.2 Procedures . 19 A.5 Particle size reduction . 21 A.5.1 General information . 21 A.5.2 Procedures . 22 A.6 Sub-sampling . 24 A.6.1 General information . 24 A.6.2 Manual division of solid samples by coning and quartering . 24 A.6.3 Dry cutting . 25 A.6.4 Mechanical division of solid samples . 25 A.6.5 Sub-sampling for volatile compounds . 26 A.6.6 Sub-sampling for moderately volatile organic compounds . 26 SIST EN 15002:2015
Relationship between minimum amount of (sub-)sample and particle size. 28 B.1 Formula for the estimation of the minimum amount of (sub-)sample: . 28 B.2 Empirical rule . 29 Annex C (informative)
Sample treatment equipment . 30 Annex D (informative)
Examples for analytical methods . 31 Annex E (informative)
Examples for preparation of test samples . 37 E.1 Example 1 . 37 E.2 Example 2 . 41 Bibliography . 49
Figure 1 — Flow sheet – sequence of operations SIST EN 15002:2015
Guideline for choosing sample treatment techniques A.1 General The preparation of test samples from a laboratory sample will frequently involve a sequence of operations such as homogenization, phase separation, drying, particle size reduction and sub-sampling. Specific forms of these operations are described in this annex. The sample treatment techniques prescribed in the analytical standards shall be fulfilled in any case. In case of monolithic waste, the laboratory sample may consist of one or several monoliths. This implies that some of the sample treatment techniques common for granular waste may not be necessary depending on the requirements of the relevant analytical method. A.2 Homogenization A.2.1 General information Before each operation that implies (sub)-sampling (with the exception of monolithic test portions), a homogenization step is required, in order to guarantee that all (sub)-samples or sample fractions have the same properties and composition. The homogenization technique to be used is chosen depending on the properties of the sample. In many cases before homogenization particle size reduction may be necessary. Incorrectly executed homogenization can increase the heterogeneity of the sample by segregating particles of different density or grain size. Particle size reduction prior homogenization reduces the risks of segregation in the homogenization process. If homogenization of a sample is too difficult or even practically impossible (e.g. if the sample contains pieces of plastic or metal), its phases shall be separated and treated as if they were different samples (see A.3). A.2.2 Solid samples A.2.2.1 Manual homogenization When to use it: — generally usable; — in cases when mechanical homogenization could lead to loss of volatile compounds of interest. When not to use it: — for samples that segregate because of the presence of particles of different size or density; — for samples with particles of such a large size that homogenization cannot be reached by manual mixing. SIST EN 15002:2015
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標準化文書SIST EN 15002:2015のレビューでは、廃棄物の特性評価に必要な試験部分の準備に関するガイドラインが明確に示されています。この標準は、サンプリング計画（EN 14899）に基づいて取得された実験室サンプルから代表的な試験部分を準備するために適用されます。これにより、物理的および化学的分析（例：溶出物の準備、抽出、消化および分析的決定）の前処理が適切に行われることが保証されます。 この標準の強みは、固体サンプル（単一材料を含む）や液体サンプル、スラッジの試験部分を調整するための正しい操作の順序と処理を導き出すことにあります。具体的には、消化物や溶出物からの試験部分の準備が可能であり、これにより後続の分析がスムーズに実施されることになります。このように、EN 15002:2015は、実験室サンプルに対する厳格な処理手続きを提供し、試験結果の信頼性を確保するための基盤を構築しています。 さらに、この標準はさまざまな分析手続きの特定の要件に準拠して、適切な試験部分を取得することに特化しており、分析の精度向上に寄与します。これにより、廃棄物管理や環境調査の分野で非常に重要な役割を果たします。SIST EN 15002:2015は、廃棄物の特性評価における基準として、その関連性と重要性を示し、幅広い適用範囲を持つものとなっています。
The EN 15002:2015 standard offers a comprehensive framework for the characterization of waste through the preparation of test portions from laboratory samples. Its scope encompasses the meticulous preparation of representative test portions, ensuring that they accurately reflect the original laboratory sample taken in accordance with the sampling plan outlined in EN 14899. This attention to detail is crucial for ensuring the validity and reliability of subsequent physical and chemical analyses, such as extractions and analytical determinations of solid, liquid, and sludge samples. One of the notable strengths of EN 15002:2015 is its systematic approach to identifying and establishing the correct sequence of operations and treatments necessary for effective sample preparation. By detailing the processes involved in the preparation of test portions, the standard ensures compliance with the specific requirements of analytical procedures, enabling laboratories to achieve consistent and accurate results. This is particularly relevant in testing environments where the quality of results can significantly impact waste management practices and environmental assessments. Moreover, this standard is pertinent to laboratories engaged in waste characterization, as it emphasizes the importance of obtaining suitable test portions from laboratory samples, digests, and eluates. The guidelines provided by EN 15002:2015 serve as an essential reference for ensuring that laboratories maintain a high degree of rigor in their analytical methodologies, ultimately leading to more reliable and defensible outcomes in waste characterization. In summary, the EN 15002:2015 standard is a valuable asset for laboratories focused on waste characterization, providing a structured and detailed methodology that enhances the quality and reliability of test portions necessary for analysis. Its relevance in today’s regulatory and environmental landscape cannot be overstated, as it supports laboratories in meeting the stringent requirements of waste analysis and management.
Die EN 15002:2015 ist eine bedeutende europäische Norm, die sich mit der Charakterisierung von Abfällen beschäftigt, insbesondere mit der Vorbereitung von Prüfportionen aus Laborproben. Der Anwendungsbereich dieser Norm ist entscheidend für die Einhaltung von Standards in der Abfallanalytik, da sie die korrekte Handhabung von Proben gewährleistet und somit eine präzise Analyse ermöglicht. Ein herausragendes Merkmal der EN 15002:2015 ist ihr Fokus auf die Vorbereitung repräsentativer Prüfportionen, die aus den gemäß dem Entnahmeplan (EN 14899) entnommenen Laborproben hervorgehen. Diese Norm stellt sicher, dass die Phasen der Probenvorbereitung – wie die Herstellung von Eluaten, Extraktionen und Auflösungen – systematisch und konsistent durchgeführt werden. Dies ist besonders relevant, um verlässliche Ergebnisse bei der physischen und chemischen Analyse von festen und flüssigen Proben sowie von Schlammmustern zu erzielen. Die Stärken der EN 15002:2015 liegen in ihrer strukturierten Herangehensweise an die Probenvorbereitung. Sie liefert eine klare Anleitung zur richtigen Sequenz von Vorgängen und Behandlungen, die angewendet werden müssen, um die Anforderungen der entsprechenden analytischen Verfahren zu erfüllen. Dies trägt nicht nur zur Präzision der Analysen bei, sondern auch zur Wiederholbarkeit und Nachvollziehbarkeit der Ergebnisse. Darüber hinaus ist die Relevanz der EN 15002:2015 in der heutigen Abfallwirtschaft nicht zu unterschätzen. Da die Anforderungen an die Abfallbewertung und -analytik kontinuierlich steigen, bietet diese Normeine wichtige Grundlage für Fachleute, um den Herausforderungen in der Probenvorbereitung zu begegnen und sicherzustellen, dass alle gesetzlichen Vorgaben eingehalten werden. Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen, dass die EN 15002:2015 eine unerlässliche Ressource für die Charakterisierung von Abfällen darstellt, indem sie einen klaren Rahmen für die Vorbereitung von Prüfportionen definiert. Dies ermöglicht eine zuverlässige und effektive Analyse in einer Zeit, in der die Standards in der Abfallbewirtschaftung ständig kritisch überwacht werden müssen.
La norme SIST EN 15002:2015 constitue un outil essentiel pour la caractérisation des déchets, en se concentrant sur la préparation des portions d'essai à partir d'échantillons de laboratoire. Cette norme européenne est particulièrement pertinente car elle établit une méthode claire et systématique pour garantir que les portions d'essai prélevées représentent fidèlement le matériau analysé, conformément aux directives du plan d'échantillonnage (EN 14899). L'un des points forts de cette norme est son approche détaillée des opérations de traitement. Elle définit une séquence correcte d'opérations à effectuer sur l'échantillon de laboratoire, ce qui est crucial pour obtenir des portions d'essai adéquates, conformes aux exigences spécifiques des procédures analytiques. Cela comprend des méthodes de préparation variées, telles que l'élution, l'extraction, la digestion et d'autres déterminations analytiques, tant pour les échantillons solides que liquides, y compris les boues. En outre, la norme SIST EN 15002:2015 se distingue par sa flexibilité d'application, permettant la préparation de portions d'essai non seulement à partir des échantillons initiaux, mais également à partir des digests et des élutions pour les analyses ultérieures. Cela souligne son importance non seulement dans la création de portions d'essai initiales, mais aussi dans l'ensemble du processus d'analyse des déchets. La pertinence de cette norme ne peut être sous-estimée, surtout dans un contexte où la précison et la fiabilité des analyses des déchets sont de plus en plus cruciales. En standardisant la façon dont les portions d'essai sont préparées, elle contribue à améliorer la cohérence des résultats analytiques et à garantir le respect des exigences réglementaires dans le domaine de la gestion des déchets.
EN 15002:2015 표준은 실험실 샘플에서 대표적인 시험 부분을 준비하는 데 적용되는 유럽 표준입니다. 이 표준은 샘플링 계획(EN 14899)에 따라 채취된 샘플에서 시험 부분을 준비하는 과정에서의 중요성을 강조합니다. 특히, 물리적 및 화학적 분석(예: 용출물 준비, 추출, 소화 및 분석 결정) 이전에 필요한 절차를 명확히 규정하고 있습니다. 이 표준의 주요 강점 중 하나는 다양한 종류의 샘플, 즉 고체(모놀리틱 물질 포함) 및 액체 샘플과 슬러지의 시험 부분을 준비할 수 있는 지침을 제공한다는 점입니다. 이는 해당 분야의 전문가들에게 실험실 샘플을 효과적으로 처리하고 분석하는 데 필요한 명확한 프로토콜을 제시하여, 분석 결과의 정확성과 신뢰성을 높이는 데 기여합니다. 또한, EN 15002:2015는 소화 및 용출물에서 시험 부분을 준비하는 방법도 포함하고 있어, 후속 분석을 위한 포괄적인 접근법을 제공합니다. 이러한 표준화는 실험실 환경에서 일관된 품질의 시험 데이터를 생성하는 데 필수적이며, 이는 환경 관리 및 규제 준수의 필수 요소로 이어집니다. 결과적으로, EN 15002:2015는 샘플 준비의 정확성과 신뢰성을 보장하는 데 중점을 둡니다. 시험 부분을 적절하게 준비하기 위한 올바른 작업 순서 및 처리를 식별하는 데 도움을 줌으로써, 분석 절차의 특정 요구 사항을 준수하는 중요한 역할을 하고 있습니다. 따라서, 이 표준은 환경 과학 및 화학 분석 분야에서 매우 중요하고 유용한 자원으로 자리매김하고 있습니다.
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