EN ISO 15589-1:2017

Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries - Cathodic protection of pipeline systems - Part 1: On-land pipelines (ISO 15589-1:2015, Corrected version 2020-11)

ISO 15589-1:2015 specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the pre-installation surveys, design, materials, equipment, installation, commissioning, operation, inspection, and maintenance of cathodic protection systems for on-land pipelines, as defined in ISO 13623 or EN 14161 for the petroleum, petrochemical, and natural gas industries, and in EN 1594 or EN 12007‑1 and EN 12007‑3 used by gas supply industries in Europe.
All contents of this part of ISO 15589 are applicable to on-land pipelines and piping systems used in other industries and transporting other media such as industrial gases, waters, or slurries.
ISO 15589-1:2015 applies to buried pipelines, landfalls of offshore pipeline sections protected by on-shore based cathodic protection installations, and to immersed sections of on-land pipelines such as river or lake crossings.
ISO 15589-1:2015 specifies requirements for pipelines of carbon steel, stainless steel, cast iron, galvanized steel, or copper. If other pipeline materials are used, the criteria to apply are defined under the responsibility of the pipeline operator.
ISO 15589-1:2015 does not apply to pipelines made of reinforced concrete for which EN 12696 can be applied.
NOTE          Special conditions sometimes exist where cathodic protection is ineffective or only partially effective. Such conditions can include shielding (e.g. disbonded coatings, thermal-insulating coatings, rocky soil, etc.) and unusual contaminants in the electrolyte.

Erdöl-, petrochemische und Erdgasindustrie - Kathodischer Korrosionsschutz für Rohrleitungssysteme - Teil 1: Rohrleitungen an Land (ISO 15589-1:2015, korrigierte Fassung 2020-11)

Dieser Teil von ISO 15589 legt Anforderungen fest und enthält Empfehlungen hinsichtlich Voruntersuchungen, Konstruktion, Werkstoffen, Ausrüstung, Installation, Inbetriebnahme, Betrieb, Inspektion und Instandhaltung von kathodischen Korrosionsschutzsystemen für Rohrleitungen an Land, wie sie in ISO 13623 oder EN 14161 für die Erdöl-, petrochemische und Erdgasindustrie und in EN 1594 oder EN 12007 1 und EN 12007 3 für die Gasversorgungsindustrie in Europa festgelegt sind.
Der gesamte Inhalt dieses Teils von ISO 15589 ist anwendbar auf Rohrleitungen an Land und Rohrleitungssysteme, die in anderen Industriezweigen verwendet werden und andere Medien transportieren, wie industrielle Gase, Wässer oder Schlämme.
Dieser Teil von ISO 15589 gilt für erdverlegte Rohrleitungen, Anlandungen von Offshore-Rohrleitungsabschnitten, die durch kathodische Korrosionsschutzanlagen an Land geschützt sind, sowie für in Gewässern liegende Abschnitte von Rohrleitungen an Land, wie bei Fluss- oder Seeüberquerungen.
Dieser Teil von ISO 15589 legt Anforderungen an Rohrleitungen aus unlegiertem Stahl, nichtrostendem Stahl, Gusseisen, verzinktem Stahl oder Kupfer fest. Werden andere Rohrleitungswerkstoffe eingesetzt, werden die anzuwendenden Kriterien unter der Verantwortung des Rohrleitungs-Betreibers festgelegt.
Dieser Teil von ISO 15589 gilt nicht für Rohrleitungen aus Stahlbeton, für die die Norm EN 12696 angewendet werden kann.
ANMERKUNG   Besondere Bedingungen treten gelegentlich auf, bei denen der kathodische Korrosionsschutz unwirksam oder nur teilweise wirksam ist. Solche Bedingungen können eine Abschirmung (z. B. enthaftete Umhüllungen, Wärmedämmung, felsiger Boden usw.) sowie ungewöhnliche Verunreinigungen im Elektrolyt umfassen.

Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel - Protection cathodique des systèmes de transport par conduites - Partie 1: Conduites terrestres (ISO 15589-1:2015, Version corrigée 2020-11)

L'ISO 15589-1:2015 spécifie les exigences et donne des recommandations pour les études de préinstallation, la conception, les matériaux, l'équipement, l'installation, la mise en service, l'exploitation, l'inspection et la maintenance des systèmes de protection cathodique destinés aux conduites terrestres, comme défini dans l'ISO 13623 ou l'EN 14161 relatives aux industries du pétrole, pétrochimiques et du gaz naturel et dans l'EN 1594 ou l'EN 12007‑1 et l'EN 12007‑3 utilisées par les industries de fourniture en gaz en Europe.
Tout le contenu de la présente partie de l'ISO 15589 est applicable aux conduites terrestres et aux systèmes de conduites utilisés dans d'autres industries et transportant d'autres fluides comme les gaz industriels, les eaux ou les boues liquides.
La présente partie de l'ISO 15589 s'applique aux canalisations enterrées, aux atterrages de tronçons de canalisations en mer protégés par des installations de protection cathodique basées à terre et aux tronçons immergés de canalisations terrestres tels que des traversées sous fluviales.
L'ISO 15589-1:2015 spécifie les exigences concernant les canalisations en acier au carbone, en acier inoxydable, en fonte, en acier galvanisé ou en cuivre. Si d'autres matériaux sont utilisés pour les canalisations, les critères à appliquer sont définis sous la responsabilité de l'exploitant des canalisations.
L'ISO 15589-1:2015 ne s'applique pas aux canalisations constituées de béton armé pour lesquelles l'EN 12696 peut être appliquée.
NOTE          Dans des conditions particulières, la protection cathodique peut s'avérer inefficace ou seulement partiellement efficace. De telles conditions peuvent comprendre un effet d'écran (par exemple, des décollements de revêtements, des revêtements thermo-isolants, un sol rocheux, etc.) et la présence de contaminants inhabituels dans l'électrolyte.

Petrokemična industrija ter industrija za predelavo nafte in zemeljskega plina - Katodna zaščita cevovodov - 1. del: Cevovodi na kopnem (ISO 15589-1:2015)

Standard ISO 15589-1:2015 določa zahteve in podaja priporočila za prednamestitvene preglede, projektiranje, materiale, opremo, namestitev, začetek uporabe, delovanje, preglede in vzdrževanje sistemov katodne zaščite za cevovode na kopnem, kot je določeno v standardu ISO 13623 ali EN 14161 za petrokemično industrijo ter industrijo za predelavo nafte in zemeljskega plina, ter v standardih EN 1594 ali EN 12007 1 in EN 12007 3 za industrijo dobave zemeljskega plina v Evropi.
Vsa vsebina tega dela standarda ISO 15589 se uporablja za cevovode na kopnem in cevovodne sisteme, ki se uporabljajo v drugih industrijah, ter za transport drugih medijev, kot so industrijski plini, vode ali brozge.
Standard ISO 15589-1:2015 se uporablja za vkopane cevovode, priobalne odseke cevovodov na morju, ki so zaščiteni z napravami za katodno zaščito na kopnem, in za potopljene odseke cevovodov na kopnem, kot so prehodi rek ali jezer.
Standard ISO 15589-1:2015 določa zahteve za cevovode iz ogljikovega jekla, nerjavnega jekla, železove litine, galvaniziranega jekla ali bakra. Če so za cevovode uporabljeni drugi materiali, je za merila za uporabo pristojen upravljavec cevovoda.
Standard ISO 15589-1:2015 se ne uporablja za cevovode iz armiranega betona, za katere se uporablja standard EN 12696.
OPOMBA: Včasih obstajajo posebni pogoji, pri katerih je katodna zaščita neučinkovita ali le delno učinkovita. Taki pogoji lahko zajemajo plast (npr. neoprijemni premazi, toplotnoizolacijski premazi, kamnita tla itd.) ter neobičajna onesnaževala v elektrolitu.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 19-Sep-2017
• Withdrawal Date: 30-Mar-2018
• ICS: 75.200 - Petroleum products and natural gas handling equipment
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 219 - Cathodic protection (provisional)
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 219/WG 1 - Cathodic protection of buried and immersed metallic structures
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 20-Sep-2017
• Due Date: 13-Sep-2018
• Completion Date: 20-Sep-2017
• Ref Project: SIST EN ISO 15589-1:2017 - Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries - Cathodic protection of pipeline systems - Part 1: On-land pipelines (ISO 15589-1:2015)

Relations

• Revised: prEN ISO 15589-1 - Oil and gas industries including lower carbon energy - Cathodic protection of pipeline systems - Part 1: On-land pipelines (ISO/DIS 15589-1:2024)
• Effective Date: 26-Apr-2023

Overview

EN ISO 15589-1:2017 (ISO 15589-1:2015, corrected 2020‑11) provides requirements and recommendations for the design, installation, commissioning, operation, inspection and maintenance of cathodic protection (CP) systems for on‑land pipelines. It applies to buried pipelines, river/lake crossings, and landfalls of offshore sections protected by on‑shore CP. The standard covers common pipeline materials (carbon steel, stainless steel, cast iron, galvanized steel, copper) and can be applied to pipelines in other industries (industrial gases, water, slurries). It does not apply to reinforced concrete pipelines (see EN 12696).

Key topics and technical requirements

• Pre‑installation surveys: site and electrical continuity assessments to inform CP design.
• CP design and current demand: theoretical and practical methods for estimating current, sizing equipment and groundbeds.
• Materials and equipment: selection criteria for anodes (impressed current and galvanic), conductors, cables, connections and distribution boxes.
• Installation & commissioning: installation practices for stations, test posts, field joints and trenchless crossings.
• Operation, monitoring & maintenance: inspection regimes, output control, potential measurement and record keeping.
• Interference and mitigation: management of a.c. and d.c. interference, stray current control, lightning and overvoltage protection.
• Coatings & backfill: requirements for factory and field joint coatings, compatibility with CP, trench backfill selection and shielding considerations.
• Electrical isolation & joints: use and risks of isolating joints, earthing systems and avoidance of unintended metallic contacts.
• Alternative protection criteria: includes methods such as the 100 mV cathodic potential shift and other acceptable evaluation approaches where applicable.

The standard highlights special conditions where CP may be ineffective or partially effective (e.g., disbonded or thermal‑insulating coatings, rocky soils, shielding, unusual electrolyte contaminants).

Applications

EN ISO 15589-1 is used to:

• Protect on‑land petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas transmission pipelines from corrosion.
• Design CP for pipeline crossings (rivers, lakes), buried casings and trenches, and trenchless installations.
• Specify requirements for both new pipeline projects and retrofit protection of existing pipelines.
• Guide operators when non‑standard pipe materials are used (operator‑defined criteria).

Who should use this standard

• Pipeline owners and operators in oil, gas and petrochemical sectors
• Corrosion and cathodic protection engineers and designers
• EPC contractors, inspection and maintenance teams
• Regulatory bodies and asset integrity managers

Related standards

• ISO 13623 / EN 14161 (pipeline systems)
• EN 1594, EN 12007‑1, EN 12007‑3 (gas supply industry pipeline standards)
• EN 12696 (reinforced concrete buried structures)

Keywords: EN ISO 15589-1:2017, ISO 15589-1, cathodic protection, pipeline systems, on‑land pipelines, impressed current, galvanic anode, coating compatibility, a.c. interference, pipeline corrosion protection.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2017
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.DWRGQD]DãþLWDFHYRYRGRYGHO&HYRYRGLQDNRSQHP,62
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries - Cathodic protection of pipeline
systems - Part 1: On-land pipelines (ISO 15589-1:2015)
Erdöl- und Erdgasindustrie - Kathodischer Schutz für Transportleitungsysteme - Teil 1:
On-land pipelines (ISO 15589-1:2015)
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel - Protection cathodique des
systèmes de transport par conduites - Partie 1: Conduites terrestres (ISO 15589-1:2015)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 15589-1:2017
ICS:
75.200 2SUHPD]DVNODGLãþHQMH Petroleum products and
QDIWHQDIWQLKSURL]YRGRYLQ natural gas handling
]HPHOMVNHJDSOLQD equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 15589-1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
September 2017
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 75.200
English Version
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries -
Cathodic protection of pipeline systems - Part 1: On-land
pipelines (ISO 15589-1:2015)
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz Erdöl- und Erdgasindustrie - Kathodischer Schutz für
naturel - Protection cathodique des systèmes de Transportleitungsysteme - Teil 1: On-land pipelines
transport par conduites - Partie 1: Conduites terrestres (ISO 15589-1:2015)
(ISO 15589-1:2015)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 23 August 2017.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 15589-1:2017 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3

European foreword
The text of ISO 15589-1:2015 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67 “Materials,
equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries” of the
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 15589-1:2017
by Technical Committee CEN/TC 219 “Cathodic protection” the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2018, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by March 2018.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 15589-1:2015 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 15589-1:2017 without any
modification.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 15589-1
Second edition
2015-03-01
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural
gas industries — Cathodic protection
of pipeline systems —
Part 1:
On-land pipelines
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel —
Protection cathodique des systèmes de transport par conduites —
Partie 1: Conduites terrestres
Reference number
ISO 15589-1:2015(E)
©
ISO 2015
ISO 15589-1:2015(E)
© ISO 2015
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail [e-mail]
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

ISO 15589-1:2015(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .vi
Introduction .vii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Symbols and abbreviations . 5
4.1 Symbols . 5
4.2 Abbreviations . 7
5 CP personnel competence . 7
6 Cathodic protection criteria . 8
6.1 General . 8
6.2 Protection potentials . 8
6.3 Alternative methods .10
6.3.1 100 mV cathodic potential shift .10
6.3.2 Other methods .10
6.4 Criteria in the presence of a.c. .10
7 Pre-requisites for the application of cathodic protection .10
7.1 General .10
7.2 Electrical continuity .10
7.3 Electrical isolation .11
7.3.1 General.11
7.3.2 Locations . .11
7.3.3 Isolating joints .11
7.3.4 Internal corrosion risks at isolating joints .12
7.3.5 Contacts between metallic structures .13
7.3.6 Electrical earthing system .13
7.4 Lightning and overvoltage protection .14
7.5 Coating .15
7.5.1 General.15
7.5.2 Factory-applied coatings .15
7.5.3 Field joint coatings .15
7.5.4 Coating for trenchless pipelines .15
7.5.5 Air to electrolyte interface .16
7.5.6 Compatibility of coatings and wraps with cathodic protection .16
7.5.7 Thermal insulation .16
7.5.8 Reinforced concrete weight coating .17
7.6 Selection of pipe trench backfill material .17
7.7 Buried casings for pipelines .17
7.7.1 General.17
7.7.2 Casings that shield cathodic protection current .17
7.7.3 Casings that pass cathodic protection current .18
7.8 Equipment for the reduction of a.c. interference .18
7.9 Equipment for the mitigation of d.c. interference .18
ISO 15589-1:2015(E)
8 Basic requirements for cathodic protection design .18
8.1 General .18
8.2 Basic information for cathodic protection design .19
8.3 Contents of cathodic protection design report .20
8.4 Cathodic protection current demand .20
8.4.1 Calculation of the theoretical total current demand .20
8.4.2 Current demand based on coating breakdown factors.21
8.4.3 Current demand based on current density values for coated pipelines .22
8.5 Cathodic protection equipment .23
8.5.1 Cathodic protection cables .23
8.5.2 Cable connection .24
8.5.3 Precautions to respect for distribution boxes and test stations .25
8.6 Temporary protection .26
8.7 Specific case of existing pipelines .26
8.7.1 General.26
8.7.2 Parallel pipelines .27
8.7.3 Parallelism or crossing with a.c. power systems .27
8.8 Trenchless installation methods .27
9 Impressed current stations .28
9.1 General .28
9.2 Power supply .28
9.3 Groundbeds . .29
9.3.1 General.29
9.3.2 Deep-well groundbeds .29
9.3.3 Shallow groundbeds .30
9.3.4 Impressed-current anodes and conductive backfill .31
9.4 Output control .32
9.4.1 General.32
9.4.2 Current distribution for multiple pipelines .32
9.4.3 Potential control .33
10 Galvanic anode systems .33
10.1 General .33
10.2 Design requirements .34
10.3 Zinc anodes .34
10.4 Magnesium anodes .35
10.5 Design of the anode system .37
10.6 Anode backfill .38
10.7 Cables and cable connections .39
10.8 Anode installation .39
11 Monitoring facilities .39
11.1 General .39
11.2 Locations of test stations.39
11.3 Description of test stations .40
11.4 Use of probes and coupons .40
11.5 Bonding to other pipelines .41
11.6 Test facilities at cased crossings.41
11.7 Test facilities at isolating joints .41
11.8 Line current monitoring test stations .41
11.9 Drain-point test facilities .41
11.10 Miscellaneous monitoring facilities .41
iv © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

ISO 15589-1:2015(E)
12 Commissioning .41
12.1 General .41
12.2 Preliminary tests .42
12.3 Start up .43
12.3.1 Impressed current stations.43
12.3.2 Galvanic anodes .43
12.3.3 Drainage stations .44
12.3.4 Test stations .44
12.4 Verification of cathodic protection effectiveness .44
12.4.1 General.44
12.4.2 Measurements of d.c. potential and a.c. voltage.44
12.4.3 Current measurements.45
12.4.4 Adjustments .45
12.5 Commissioning report .45
12.5.1 Installation documentation .45
12.5.2 Commissioning measurements .45
13 Monitoring, inspection, and maintenance .46
13.1 General .46
13.2 Implementation of inspection.47
13.3 Periodicities of inspection .47
13.4 Remote monitoring .50
13.5 Specialized surveys .50
13.6 Monitoring plan .50
13.7 Monitoring equipment .50
13.8 Maintenance and repair .51
14 Documentation .51
14.1 Design documentation .51
14.1.1 General.51
14.1.2 Construction details and installation procedures .52
14.2 Commissioning documentation .53
14.3 Operating and maintenance documentation .53
14.3.1 General.53
14.3.2 Inspection and monitoring data .54
14.3.3 Maintenance records .54
Annex A (normative) Cathodic protection measurements .55
Annex B (normative) Electrical interference .63
Annex C (informative) Fault detection of impressed-current systems during operation .67
Annex D (informative) Description of specialized surveys .69
Annex E (informative) Attenuation of protection .76
Annex F (informative) Electrical tests for isolating joints before installation .79
Bibliography .80
ISO 15589-1:2015(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore structures for
petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, Subcommittee SC 2, Pipeline transportation systems.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 15589-1:2003), which has been technically
revised with the following changes:
— cathodic protection criteria have been extended with further clarification on the application of
the criteria;
— requirements for design have been more detailed and periodicities for inspection of cathodic
equipment have been enlarged, and the option for remote monitoring added;
— requirements for measurements and testing during commissioning have been further detailed.
ISO 15589 consists of the following parts, under the general title Petroleum, petrochemical and natural
gas industries — Cathodic protection of pipeline systems:
— Part 1: On-land pipelines
— Part 2: Offshore pipelines
vi © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

ISO 15589-1:2015(E)
Introduction
Pipeline cathodic protection is achieved by the supply of sufficient direct current to the external pipe
surface, so that the steel-to-electrolyte potential is lowered to values at which external corrosion is
reduced to an insignificant rate.
Cathodic protection is normally used in combination with a suitable protective coating system to protect
the external surfaces of steel pipelines from corrosion.
It is necessary that users of this part of ISO 15589 be aware that further or differing requirements
can be needed for individual applications. This part of ISO 15589 is not intended to inhibit the use of
alternative equipment or engineering solutions for the individual application. This can be particularly
applicable where there is innovative or developing technology. It is necessary that, where an alternative
is offered, any variations from this part of ISO 15589 be identified and documented.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15589-1:2015(E)
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries —
Cathodic protection of pipeline systems —
Part 1:
On-land pipelines
1 Scope
This part of ISO 15589 specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the pre-installation
surveys, design, materials, equipment, installation, commissioning, operation, inspection, and
maintenance of cathodic protection systems for on-land pipelines, as defined in ISO 13623 or EN 14161
for the petroleum, petrochemical, and natural gas industries, and in EN 1594 or EN 12007-1 and
EN 12007-3 used by gas supply industries in Europe.
All contents of this part of ISO 15589 are applicable to on-land pipelines and piping systems used in
other industries and transporting other media such as industrial gases, waters, or slurries.
This part of ISO 15589 applies to buried pipelines, landfalls of offshore pipeline sections protected by
on-shore based cathodic protection installations, and to immersed sections of on-land pipelines such as
river or lake crossings.
This part of ISO 15589 specifies requirements for pipelines of carbon steel, stainless steel, cast iron,
galvanized steel, or copper. If other pipeline materials are used, the criteria to apply are defined under
the responsibility of the pipeline operator.
This part of ISO 15589 does not apply to pipelines made of reinforced concrete for which EN 12696
can be applied.
NOTE Special conditions sometimes exist where cathodic protection is ineffective or only partially effective.
Such conditions can include shielding (e.g. disbonded coatings, thermal-insulating coatings, rocky soil, etc.) and
unusual contaminants in the electrolyte.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 8044, Corrosion of metals and alloys — Basic terms and definitions
ISO 10012, Measurement management systems — Requirements for measurement processes and
measuring equipment
ISO 13623, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Pipeline transportation systems
ISO 13847, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Pipeline transportation systems — Welding of pipelines
ISO 21809 (all parts), Petroleum and natural gas industries — External coatings for buried or submerged
pipelines used in pipeline transportation systems
IEC 60079-10-1, Explosive atmospheres — Part 10-1: Classification of areas — Explosive gas atmospheres
IEC 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
EN 1594, Gas infrastructure — Pipelines for maximum operating pressure over 16 bar — Functional requirements
ISO 15589-1:2015(E)
EN 12007-3, Gas supply systems — Pipelines for maximum operating pressure up to and including 16 bar –
Part 3: Specific functional recommendations for steel
EN 12496, Galvanic anodes for cathodic protection in seawater and saline mud
EN 14161Petroleum and natural gas industries — Pipeline transportation systems (ISO 13623:2009 modified)
EN 50164-3, Lightning Protection Components (LPC) — Part 3: Requirements for isolating spark gaps
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 8044 and the following apply.
3.1
anode backfill
added material immediately surrounding a buried anode
3.2
bond
metal conductor, usually copper, connecting two points on the same or on different structures
3.3
cathodic protection system
all active and passive components associated with the provision of active external corrosion protection
and its monitoring
Note 1 to entry: Cathodic protection is obtained either by impressed current or by galvanic anodes using one or
more stations.
Note 2 to entry: Impressed current and galvanic anode systems consist of all the equipment necessary for the
application of cathodic protection, such as impressed current stations, galvanic anodes, bonds, and isolating joints.
3.4
coupon
metal sample of defined dimensions made of a metal equivalent to the metal of the pipeline
3.5
coating breakdown factor
ratio of current density required to polarize a coated steel surface as compared to a bare steel surface
3.6
d.c. decoupling device
equipment that provides a low-impedance path for a.c. and high resistance for d.c.
EXAMPLE Polarization cells, capacitors, or diode assemblies.
3.7
drain point
location of the cable connection to the protected pipeline through which the protective current returns
to its source
3.8
drainage
transfer of stray current between structures by means of a deliberate bond
Note 1 to entry: See EN 50162 for drainage devices (direct drainage bond, resistance drainage bond, unidirectional
drainage bond, and forced drainage bond).
3.9
drainage station
equipment and materials required to provide drainage of stray currents from affected systems
2 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

ISO 15589-1:2015(E)
3.10
galvanic anode
electrode that provides current for cathodic protection by means of galvanic coupling
3.11
galvanic anode station
equipment and materials required to provide cathodic protection by the use of galvanic anodes
Note 1 to entry: Such materials and equipment include galvanic anodes and cables.
3.12
geological cell
corrosion cell constituted between two different parts of a single metallic pipeline in contact with
different soils
3.13
groundbed
system of buried or immersed galvanic or impressed current anodes
3.14
impressed current anode
electrode that provides current for cathodic protection by means of impressed current
3.15
impressed current station
equipment and materials required to provide cathodic protection by impressed current
Note 1 to entry: Such materials and equipment include impressed current anodes, cables, and a d.c. source.
3.16
instant-OFF potential
OFF potential measured with a short delay after interruption with the aim of approaching as much as
possible the IR-free potential
Note 1 to entry: A typical delay for direct measurements on pipeline is about 300 ms to prevent the influence of
voltage spikes. On coupons, shorter delays are used.
3.17
IR drop
voltage that is the product of all currents flowing through the cathodic protection circuit and the
resistance of the current path (mainly the electrolyte and the pipeline)
Note 1 to entry: This is derived from Ohm’s law (U = I × R).
3.18
IR-free potential
polarized potential
pipe to electrolyte potential without the voltage error caused by the IR drop due to the protection
current or any other current
3.19
isolating joint
electrically insulating component inserted between two lengths of pipe to prevent electrical
continuity between them
EXAMPLE Monobloc isolating joint, isolating flange.
ISO 15589-1:2015(E)
3.20
isolating spark gap
ISG
component with discharge distance for isolating electrically conductive installation sections
Note 1 to entry: In the event of lighting strike, the installation sections are temporarily connected conductively as
the result of response of the discharge.
3.21
local earthing
earthed metallic electrode not directly electrically connected to any other main earthing system
3.22
measuring point
location where the actual potential measurement takes place
Note 1 to entry: In the case of pipe-to-electrolyte potential measurement, this refers to the location of the
reference electrode.
3.23
ON potential
pipe-to-electrolyte potential measured while the cathodic protection system is continuously operating
3.24
OFF potential
pipe-to-electrolyte potential measured after interruption of all sources of applied cathodic protection
current with the aim of approaching an IR-free potential
Note 1 to entry: The delay before measurements varies according to the circumstances.
3.25
pipe-to-electrolyte potential
difference in potential between a pipeline (or coupon) and a specified reference electrode in contact
with the electrolyte at a point sufficiently close to, but without actually touching, the pipeline
3.26
pitting resistance equivalent number
PREN
number, developed to reflect and predict the pitting resistance of a stainless steel, based upon the
proportions of Cr, Mo, W, and N in the chemical composition of the alloy
3.27
polarization
change of pipe-to-electrolyte potential caused by the application of an external electrical current
3.28
probe
device incorporating a coupon that provides measurements of parameters used to assess the effectiveness
of cathodic protection and/or corrosion risk
3.29
protection potential
pipe-to-electrolyte potential at which the metal corrosion rate is acceptable for the pipeline
3.30
reference electrode
electrode, having a stable and reproducible potential that is used as a reference in the measurement of
electrode potentials
[SOURCE: ISO 8044]
4 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

ISO 15589-1:2015(E)
3.31
remote earth
part of the electrolyte in which no measurable voltages, caused by current flow, occur between any two
points
Note 1 to entry: This
...