EN 13146-4:2020
(Main)Railway applications - Track - Test methods for fastening systems - Part 4: Effect of repeated loading
Railway applications - Track - Test methods for fastening systems - Part 4: Effect of repeated loading
This document specifies a laboratory test procedure for applying repeated displacement cycles representative of the displacements caused by traffic on railway track. It is used for assessing the long term performance of fastening systems.
The procedure is applicable to surface mounted rail on sleepers, bearers and slab track, and embedded rail.
This test procedure applies to a complete fastening assembly.
Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Prüfverfahren für Schienenbefestigungssysteme - Teil 4: Dauerschwingversuch
Dieses Dokument legt ein Laborprüfverfahren zur Aufbringung wiederkehrender Verformungszyklen fest, die Verformungen repräsentieren, wie sie vom Verkehr auf Eisenbahngleisen verursacht werden. Es wird zur Bewertung des Langzeitverhaltens der Befestigungssysteme verwendet.
Das Verfahren ist für kraftschlüssig verbundene Schienen auf Gleisschwellen, Weichenschwellen und schotterlosen Gleisen sowie für eingebettete Schienen anwendbar.
Dieses Prüfverfahren gilt für ein komplettes Schienenbefestigungssystem.
Applications ferroviaires - Voie - Méthodes d'essai pour les systèmes de fixation - Partie 4 : Effets produits par des charges répétitives
Le présent document spécifie une méthode d'essai en laboratoire pour l'application de cycles répétitifs de déplacements provoqués par la circulation sur une voie ferrée. Cette méthode est utilisée pour estimer les performances à long terme des systèmes de fixation.
Elle est applicable aux rails montés en surface sur des traverses, des supports, des voies sans ballast et rail enrobé.
Ce mode opératoire d'essai s'applique à un système de fixation complet.
Železniške naprave - Zgornji ustroj proge - Preskušanje pritrdilnih sistemov - 4. del: Učinek ponavljajoče se obremenitve
General Information
- Status
- Withdrawn
- Publication Date
- 21-Apr-2020
- Withdrawal Date
- 16-Dec-2025
- Technical Committee
- CEN/TC 256 - Railway applications
- Drafting Committee
- CEN/TC 256/SC 1/WG 17 - Fastening systems
- Current Stage
- 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
- Start Date
- 03-Dec-2025
- Completion Date
- 17-Dec-2025
Relations
- Effective Date
- 11-May-2020
- Effective Date
- 17-Dec-2025
Frequently Asked Questions
EN 13146-4:2020 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Railway applications - Track - Test methods for fastening systems - Part 4: Effect of repeated loading". This standard covers: This document specifies a laboratory test procedure for applying repeated displacement cycles representative of the displacements caused by traffic on railway track. It is used for assessing the long term performance of fastening systems. The procedure is applicable to surface mounted rail on sleepers, bearers and slab track, and embedded rail. This test procedure applies to a complete fastening assembly.
This document specifies a laboratory test procedure for applying repeated displacement cycles representative of the displacements caused by traffic on railway track. It is used for assessing the long term performance of fastening systems. The procedure is applicable to surface mounted rail on sleepers, bearers and slab track, and embedded rail. This test procedure applies to a complete fastening assembly.
EN 13146-4:2020 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 93.100 - Construction of railways. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN 13146-4:2020 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014, EN ISO 22074-4:2024. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
EN 13146-4:2020 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 2008/57/EC; Standardization Mandates: M/483. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
You can purchase EN 13146-4:2020 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of CEN standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2020
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2015
Železniške naprave - Zgornji ustroj proge - Preskušanje pritrdilnih sistemov - 4.
del: Učinek ponavljajoče se obremenitve
Railway applications - Track - Test methods for fastening systems - Part 4: Effect of
repeated loading
Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Prüfverfahren für Schienenbefestigungssysteme - Teil 4:
Dauerschwingversuch
Applications ferroviaires - Voie - Méthodes d'essai pour les systèmes de fixation - Partie
4 : Effets produits par des charges répétitives
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13146-4:2020
ICS:
93.100 Gradnja železnic Construction of railways
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 13146-4
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
April 2020
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 93.100 Supersedes EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014
English Version
Railway applications - Track - Test methods for fastening
systems - Part 4: Effect of repeated loading
Applications ferroviaires - Voie - Méthodes d'essai Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Prüfverfahren für
pour les systèmes de fixation - Partie 4 : Effets produits Schienenbefestigungssysteme - Teil 4:
par des charges répétitives Dauerschwingversuch
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 February 2020.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13146-4:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 5
3.1 Terms and definitions . 5
3.2 Symbols and abbreviations . 6
4 Principle . 7
5 Apparatus . 7
5.1 Rail . 7
5.2 Actuator . 7
5.3 Load application head . 7
5.4 Displacement-measuring instruments. 7
5.4.1 Calibration procedure . 7
5.4.2 Calibration requirement . 7
5.4.3 Fixtures for mounting displacement-measuring instruments . 8
5.5 Force-measuring instruments . 8
5.6 Verification of calibration . 8
6 Test specimens . 8
6.1 Sleeper or other rail support . 8
6.2 Fastening . 8
7 Procedure for one rail . 8
7.1 General . 8
7.2 Preparation for test . 9
7.2.1 In line fastening . 9
7.2.2 Offset fastening . 9
7.3 Clamping force . 9
7.4 Longitudinal rail restraint . 10
7.5 Vertical stiffness of fastening assembly . 10
7.5.1 Static stiffness . 10
7.5.2 Low-frequency dynamic stiffness . 10
7.6 Cyclic loading . 10
7.6.1 Preparation for the cyclic load test. 10
7.6.2 Preliminary load cycles . 11
7.6.3 Continuation of the repeated load test . 11
7.6.4 Results required from the repeated load test . 11
7.7 Repeat tests . 15
7.8 Final inspection . 15
8 Alternative test procedure . 15
8.1 General . 15
8.2 Apparatus . 15
8.2.1 General . 15
8.2.2 Loading frame . 15
8.3 Procedure. 16
8.3.1 General . 16
8.3.2 Preparation for test . 16
8.3.3 Clamping force . 16
8.3.4 Longitudinal rail restraint . 17
8.3.5 Vertical stiffness . 17
8.3.6 Cyclic loading. 17
8.3.7 Repeat tests . 17
8.3.8 Final inspection . 17
9 Test report . 18
Bibliography . 19
European foreword
This document (EN 13146-4:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway
applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2020, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by October 2020.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014.
In this revision of EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014, the procedure has been modified to clarify the detail of
some of the test procedures.
This document is one of the series EN 13146, Railway applications — Track — Test methods for
fastening systems, which consists of the following parts:
— Part 1: Determination of longitudinal rail restraint;
— Part 2: Determination of torsional resistance;
— Part 3: Determination of attenuation of impact loads;
— Part 4: Effect of repeated loading;
— Part 5: Determination of electrical resistance;
— Part 6: Effect of severe environmental conditions;
— Part 7: Determination of clamping force and uplift stiffness;
— Part 8: In-service testing;
— Part 9: Determination of stiffness;
— Part 10: Proof load test for pull-out resistance.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
1 Scope
This document specifies a laboratory test procedure for applying repeated displacement cycles
representative of the displacements caused by traffic on railway track. It is used for assessing the long
term performance of fastening systems.
The procedure is applicable to surface mounted rail on sleepers, bearers and slab track, and embedded
rail.
This test procedure applies to a complete fastening assembly.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 13146-1, Railway applications — Track — Test methods for fastening systems — Part 1:
Determination of longitudinal rail restraint
EN 13146-7, Railway applications — Track — Test methods for fastening systems — Part 7:
Determination of clamping force and uplift stiffness
EN 13146-9:2020, Railway applications — Track — Test methods for fastening systems — Part 9:
Determination of stiffness
EN 13481-1:2012, Railway applications — Track — Performance requirements for fastening systems —
Part 1: Definitions
EN ISO 7500-1:2018, Metallic materials — Calibration and verification of static uniaxial testing machines
— Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines — Calibration and verification of the force-measuring
system (ISO 7500-1:2018)
EN ISO 9513:2012, Metallic materials — Calibration of extensometer systems used in uniaxial testing (ISO
9513:2012)
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 13481-1:2012 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp/ui
3.2 Symbols and abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the following symbols apply.
α angle between the load line and a line normal to the running surface of the rails, in degrees;
F maximum axial longitudinal load on the rail without non-elastic displacement occurring, in kN;
F force applied to assembly in measurement of static stiffness of assembly, in kN;
SAmax
P component of force parallel to the running surface of the rails, in kN;
L
P component of force normal to the running surface of the rails, in kN;
V
X position of the line of application of P below the centre of curvature of the gauge corner of the
L
rail head as shown in Figure 1, in mm.
P
L
= tanα
P
V
NOTE 1
NOTE 2 Running surface is defined in EN 13481-1:2012.
Key
1 Centre of gauge corner radius
2 Centre line of rail profile
3 Line of load application
Figure 1 — Position of load application
4 Principle
A constant amplitude, cyclic force is applied by a single actuator at a predetermined load line and
position on the rail head. The load, position and line of application to be used are determined from the
vertical stiffness of the fastening assembly, axle loads and curve conditions of the track for which the
fastening assembly is being tested.
Performance is determined by the change in clamping force, longitudinal rail restraint, vertical stiffness
and rail position, and visual inspection of the components during test.
5 Apparatus
5.1 Rail
Short lengths of rail (approximately 0,5 m per rail seat or longer if required), of the section for which
the fastening assembly under test is designed. The rail shall be unlaminated and neither have loose rust
on the surface nor be polished on the foot by repeated testing.
The head of the rail may be modified to accommodate the load application head except when testing
fastenings which support the web of the rail. In this case, the dimension X, as shown in Figure 1, refers
to the design rail section for the fastening assembly.
For embedded rail, the rail is part of the test specimen and its length is specified in 6.1.
5.2 Actuator
Actuator capable of applying a force of up to 150 kN in a cyclic manner at a frequency of (4 ± 1) Hz.
NOTE For simultaneous loading of two and four rail seats the required capacity will be correspondingly
greater.
5.3 Load application head
A head in contact with the rail which is capable of transmitting the applied force to a rail at the required
position relative to the rail head.
5.4 Displacement-measuring instruments
5.4.1 Calibration procedure
If contacting displacement-measuring instruments are used they shall conform to EN ISO 9513:2012,
Table 2, Class 2.
If non-contacting displacement-measuring instruments are used they shall be calibrated to ensure that
they are capable of measuring the displacement of the rail, relative to the supporting sleeper or other
element as required in 5.4.2.
5.4.2 Calibration requirement
The instrument shall be capable of measuring displacements as follows:
— for assemblies with an expected low-frequency dynamic stiffness ≤ 100 MN/m, displacement-
measurement within ± 0,02 mm;
— for assemblies with an expected low-frequency dynamic stiffness
...
Die Norm EN 13146-4:2020 spielt eine entscheidende Rolle im Bereich der Eisenbahnanwendungen, insbesondere in der Analyse und Bewertung von Befestigungssystemen für Gleise. Ihr Hauptfokus liegt auf den Prüfmethoden zur Untersuchung der Auswirkungen wiederholter Belastungen auf diese Systeme. Die Norm beschreibt ein Laborprüfverfahren, das wiederholte Verschiebungszyklen anwendet, die die durch den Verkehr auf den Schienen verursachten Verschiebungen simulieren. Dies ist von entscheidender Bedeutung, um die langfristige Leistung von Befestigungssystemen zu bewerten. Besonders hervorzuheben ist der Umfang dieser Norm, da sie eine breite Anwendung hat. Sie ist nicht nur für auf Schienen befestigte Systeme auf Schwellen, Trägern und Plattenbahnen konzipiert, sondern auch für eingebaute Schienen, was ihre Vielseitigkeit und Relevanz in verschiedenen Gleisanwendungen unterstreicht. Diese umfassende Anwendbarkeit ermöglicht es, ein vollständiges Befestigungs-Set zu prüfen, was für die Sicherheit und Effizienz des Bahnverkehrs von großer Bedeutung ist. Ein weiterer Stärke der EN 13146-4:2020 liegt in ihrer Fähigkeit, die Auswirkungen von Verkehrslasten auf die Lebensdauer von Befestigungssystemen realistisch abzubilden. Durch die simulierten Belastungen in einem kontrollierten Laborumfeld liefert die Norm wertvolle Erkenntnisse über die langfristige Robustheit und Zuverlässigkeit der verwendeten Materialien und Bauweisen. Diese Informationen sind für Ingenieure und Planer unerlässlich, um fundierte Entscheidungen über die Gestaltung und Wartung von Schieneninfrastrukturen zu treffen. Insgesamt ist die EN 13146-4:2020 eine äußerst relevante Norm im Bereich der Eisenbahnanwendungen, da sie nicht nur detaillierte Prüfmethoden bereitstellt, sondern auch einen entscheidenden Beitrag zur Gewährleistung der Sicherheit und Langlebigkeit von Gleisanlagen leistet. Die praxisnahe Anwendbarkeit und der wissenschaftlich fundierte Ansatz der Norm machen sie zu einem unverzichtbaren Werkzeug im Bereich der Gleis-Engineering und -Instandhaltung.
La norme SIST EN 13146-4:2020 porte sur les applications ferroviaires, spécifiquement les méthodes d'essai pour les systèmes de fixation. Son objectif est de fournir une procédure d'essai en laboratoire visant à appliquer des cycles de déplacement répétés, représentant les déplacements causés par le trafic sur les voies ferroviaires. Le champ d'application de cette norme est clairement défini, englobant les systèmes de fixation montés en surface, que ce soit sur des traverses, des poutres ou des voies en dalle, ainsi que les rails encastrés. Cela permet une évaluation exhaustive de la performance à long terme des systèmes de fixation dans diverses configurations de voie. Parmi les forces de cette norme, on note la rigueur et la précision de la méthodologie d'essai, qui fournit des données fiables sur la résistance des fixations aux sollicitations répétées. Cette approche garantit que les résultats des tests sont représentatifs des conditions réelles rencontrées sur les voies, ce qui est crucial pour les ingénieurs et les concepteurs impliqués dans l'infrastructure ferroviaire. De plus, la pertinence de la norme EN 13146-4:2020 ne peut être sous-estimée dans le contexte actuel où la sécurité et la durabilité des systèmes ferroviaires sont des priorités majeures. En standardisant cette procédure d'essai, la norme facilite également le dialogue entre les différents acteurs de l'industrie, favorisant l'amélioration continue des produits et des technologies de fixation. Dans l'ensemble, la norme SIST EN 13146-4:2020 est un document essentiel pour quiconque travaille dans le domaine des applications ferroviaires, offrant à la fois un cadre d'évaluation robuste et des indicateurs de performance clairs pour les systèmes de fixation sur les voies.
SIST EN 13146-4:2020は、鉄道アプリケーションに関する非常に重要な標準であり、軌道におけるファスニングシステムの耐久性を評価するためのテスト方法を規定しています。この文書は、鉄道軌道上の交通による変位サイクルを模倣するためのラボラトリーテスト手順を明確に示しており、ファスニングシステムの長期的な性能を評価するために不可欠です。 この標準の範囲には、スリーパー、ベアラー、およびスラブトラックに取り付けられた表面マウントレール、ならびに埋め込みレールが含まれます。これにより、さまざまな設置条件下でのファスニングシステムの性能を詳細に評価することが可能です。また、完全なファスニングアセンブリに適用されるこのテスト手順は、鉄道運用における信頼性と安全性を確保するための重要な要素です。 EN 13146-4:2020の強みは、繰り返しの負荷による影響を考慮したテスト法を提供することで、設計者やエンジニアが実際の運行条件に基づいてファスニングシステムの寿命を予測できる点です。この標準は、業界のベストプラクティスに一致しており、鉄道産業の要求に応じた高い関連性を持っています。 本標準は、長期的な信頼性と性能を評価するための科学的根拠を提供し、鉄道システムの効率と安全性を高めるために極めて重要な役割を果たしています。全体として、SIST EN 13146-4:2020は、鉄道技術者にとって不可欠な参考資料となるでしょう。
The EN 13146-4:2020 standard presents a comprehensive framework for evaluating the long-term performance of fastening systems used in railway applications. Specifically, it delineates a robust laboratory test procedure that simulates repeated displacement cycles akin to those encountered by railway tracks under actual traffic conditions. This critical aspect emphasizes the standard's relevance in ensuring safety and reliability in rail transport infrastructure. One of the notable strengths of this standard is its focused applicability to different types of rail configurations, including surface mounted rail on sleepers, bearers, and slab track, as well as embedded rail systems. This inclusivity ensures that various fastening assemblies can be rigorously tested under a standardized protocol, promoting uniformity in testing practices across the industry. Moreover, by concentrating on the assessment of complete fastening assemblies, the EN 13146-4:2020 standard provides a holistic approach to performance evaluation. This thorough examination of fastening systems under the influence of repeated loading is essential for mitigating risks associated with track integrity and maintaining operational efficiency. In summary, the EN 13146-4:2020 standard is integral to enhancing the durability and performance of fastening systems in railway applications. Its systematic approach to testing under realistic conditions reinforces the significance of ongoing innovation and quality assurance within the railway industry.
SIST EN 13146-4:2020 표준은 철도 애플리케이션의 트랙에 대한 체계적이고 실질적인 테스트 방법에 중점을 두고 있습니다. 이 문서는 철도 선로에서 발생하는 교통으로 인한 변위의 반복 사이클을 재현하는 실험실 테스트 절차를 구체적으로 명시하고 있습니다. 이는 체결 시스템의 장기 성능을 평가하는 데 중요한 역할을 합니다. 이 표준의 강점 중 하나는 다양한 설치 방식에 적용 가능하다는 점입니다. 표준은 슬리퍼에 장착된 레일, 지지대 및 슬래브 트랙, 그리고 내장 레일 시스템에 대해 모두 적용됩니다. 이로 인해 사용자는 자신의 특정한 철도 환경에 맞는 체결 시스템의 신뢰성을 보다 정확하게 평가할 수 있습니다. 또한, SIST EN 13146-4:2020은 전체 체결 조립품에 대해서 테스트 절차가 유효하다는 점에서 중요한 이점을 제공합니다. 이는 개별 구성 요소뿐만 아니라 전체 체결 시스템의 통합된 성능을 고려할 수 있게 해줍니다. 반복 하중의 효과를 고려한 이 표준은 철도 안전 및 효율성에 기여하는 필수적인 도구로 작용합니다. 결론적으로 이 표준은 철도 트랙에 대한 체결 시스템의 성능을 체계적으로 평가할 수 있는 근거를 제공하며, 실질적인 테스트 방법을 통해 철도 산업의 안전성과 신뢰성을 높이는 데 결정적인 역할을 할 것으로 기대됩니다.
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