EN 12873-4:2021

Influence of materials on water intended for human consumption - Influence due to migration - Part 4: Test method for water treatment membranes

This document describes a test method for laboratory evaluation of possible adverse effects of water treatment membrane elements and modules on drinking water quality.
In principle it is applicable to microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis and electrodialysis modules for use in the treatment of public water supplies and of water inside buildings.
NOTE   Such devices can vary considerably in design and operation and hence some modification of the procedures can be required.
Evaluation of the efficiency of the membrane filter in removing contaminants from the treated water is not included.

Einfluss von Materialien auf Wasser für den menschlichen Gebrauch - Einfluss infolge der Migration - Teil 4: Prüfverfahren für Membranen für die Wasserbehandlung

Dieses Dokument beschreibt ein Prüfverfahren zur Ermittlung möglicher ungünstiger Effekte von Membran¬elementen und  modulen zur Wasserbehandlung auf die Trinkwasserqualität.
Grundsätzlich ist dieses Dokument auf Module zur Mikrofiltration, Ultrafiltration, Nanofiltration, Umkehrosmose und Elektrodialyse anzuwenden, deren Einsatzbereich die Wasserbehandlung in öffentlichen Wasserwerken und in Trink¬wasser-Installationen ist.
ANMERKUNG   Die Geräte können sich in Gestaltung und Bedienung wesentlich unterscheiden und daher können Modifikationen des Prüfverfahrens erforderlich sein.
Eine Bewertung der Wirksamkeit von Membranfiltern zur Entfernung von Verunreinigungen im behandelten Wasser wird nicht vorgenommen.

Influence des matériaux sur l’eau destinée à la consommation humaine - Influence due à la migration - Partie 4: Méthode d’essai des membranes des systèmes de traitement d’eau

Le présent document décrit une méthode d’essai permettant d’évaluer en laboratoire les effets défavorables éventuels causés par les éléments et modules membranaires des systèmes de traitement d’eau sur la qualité de l’eau potable.
En principe, il est applicable aux modules de microfiltration, d’ultrafiltration, de nanofiltration, d’osmose inverse et d’électrodialyse destinés à être utilisés dans le traitement des eaux pour usages publics et de l’eau dans les bâtiments.
NOTE   Étant donné que ces dispositifs peuvent être de conception et de fonctionnement très divers, il peut se révéler nécessaire d’apporter certaines modifications aux modes opératoires.
L’évaluation de l’aptitude de la membrane filtrante à éliminer les contaminants de l’eau traitée n’est pas abordée.

Vpliv materiala na pitno vodo - Vpliv migracije - 4. del: Metoda preskušanja membran za pripravo vode

Ta evropski standard opisuje preskusno metodo za laboratorijsko vrednotenje morebitnih škodljivih učinkov membran za pripravo vode na kakovost pitne vode.
Načeloma se uporablja za module za mikrofiltracijo, ultrafiltracijo, nanofiltracijo, reverzno osmozo in elektrodializo za uporabo pri čiščenju sistemov za javno oskrbo z vodo oziroma vode v stavbah.
OPOMBA:   Takšne naprave se lahko zelo razlikujejo po zasnovi in delovanju, zato bo morda potrebnih nekaj prilagoditev postopkov.
Vrednotenje učinkovitosti membranskega filtra pri odstranjevanju nečistoč iz pripravljene vode ni vključeno.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 16-Nov-2021
• Withdrawal Date: 30-May-2022
• ICS: 13.060.20 - Drinking water
• ICS: 67.250 - Materials and articles in contact with foodstuffs
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 164 - Water supply
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 164/WG 3 - Effects of materials in contact with drinking water
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 17-Nov-2021
• Due Date: 29-Dec-2021
• Completion Date: 17-Nov-2021
• Directive: 305/2011 - Regulation (eu) No 305/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 march 2011 laying down harmonised conditions for the marketing of construction products and repealing council directive 89/106/eec
• Ref Project: SIST EN 12873-4:2022 - Influence of materials on water intended for human consumption - Influence due to migration - Part 4: Test method for water treatment membranes

Relations

• Replaces: EN 12873-4:2006 - Influence of materials on water intended for human consumption - Influence due to migration - Part 4: Test method for water treatment membranes
• Effective Date: 06-Jun-2018

Overview

EN 12873-4:2021 (CEN) defines a laboratory test method for water treatment membranes to evaluate possible adverse effects caused by migration of substances from membrane elements and modules into water intended for human consumption. It applies in principle to microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis and electrodialysis modules used in public water supplies and building water systems. The standard focuses on material migration and drinking water quality impacts - it does not assess filtration efficiency.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Scope and applicability: Test method for membrane elements/modules (membrane + housings/fittings); allows modifications for varied device designs and operations.
• Test principle: Run specified-quality water through the membrane under controlled operating conditions (flushing, single-pass and re-circulation phases, and cleaning/disinfection where recommended). Re-circulation concentrates potential migrants for analysis.
• Test water specifications: Purified water conforming to EN ISO 3696 grade 3 with electrical conductivity ≤ (10 ± 0.1) µS/cm. If chlorinated testing is required, use active chlorine (1 ± 0.2 mg/l as Cl). Electrodialysis tests use test water with (1 ± 0.1) g/l NaCl.
• Operating temperature: Use the highest temperature approved by the manufacturer; if unspecified, use (20 ± 5) °C.
• Sampling and analysis: Collect analytical samples, procedural blanks (R0/T0), permeate and concentrate samples. Results are reported as concentrations and daily migration rates, calculated from single-pass and re-circulation sampling.
• Equipment and controls: Use an appropriate test rig (schematic examples provided); employ analytical-grade reagents and procedural blanks to detect laboratory contamination.
• Cleaning/disinfection: Follow manufacturer recommendations for cleaning agents and procedures; include these steps in the migration protocol where applicable.

Practical applications and users

Who benefits:

• Membrane manufacturers - material safety verification and product development.
• Independent testing laboratories - standardized migration testing and reporting.
• Water utilities and system integrators - selection and acceptance testing of membrane modules.
• Regulators, specifiers and consultants - conformity assessment for materials in contact with drinking water.

Typical uses:

• Assessing potential chemical migration from membrane materials into drinking water.
• Supporting product declarations, risk assessments and procurement specifications.
• Comparing membrane variants or validating cleaning procedures for material safety.

Related standards

• EN 12873-1: Test method for factory-made organic/glassy products
• EN 12873-2: Test method for site-applied non-metallic materials
• EN 12873-3: Test method for ion exchange and adsorbent resins
• EN ISO 3696:1995: Water for analytical laboratory use (referenced for test water quality)

Keywords: EN 12873-4, test method for water treatment membranes, migration testing, drinking water quality, microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, CEN standard.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-januar-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 12873-4:2006
Vpliv materiala na pitno vodo - Vpliv migracije - 4. del: Metoda preskušanja
membran za pripravo vode
Influence of materials on water intended for human consumption - Influence due to
migration - Part 4: Test method for water treatment membranes
Einfluss von Materialien auf Wasser für den menschlichen Gebrauch - Einfluss infolge
der Migration - Teil 4: Prüfverfahren für Membranen für die Wasserbehandlung
Influence des matériaux sur l’eau destinée à la consommation humaine - Influence due à
la migration - Partie 4: Méthode d’essai des membranes des systèmes de traitement
d’eau
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 12873-4:2021
ICS:
13.060.20 Pitna voda Drinking water
67.250 Materiali in predmeti v stiku z Materials and articles in
živili contact with foodstuffs
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 12873-4
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
November 2021
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.060.20; 67.250 Supersedes EN 12873-4:2006
English Version
Influence of materials on water intended for human
consumption - Influence due to migration - Part 4: Test
method for water treatment membranes
Influence des matériaux sur l'eau destinée à la Einfluss von Materialien auf Wasser für den
consommation humaine - Influence due à la migration - menschlichen Gebrauch - Einfluss infolge der Migration
Partie 4: Méthode d'essai des membranes des systèmes - Teil 4: Prüfverfahren für Membranen für die
de traitement d'eau Wasserbehandlung
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 October 2021.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 12873-4:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Test method . 7
4.1 Principle . 7
4.2 Reagents and apparatus . 7
4.2.1 General . 7
4.2.2 Test water . 8
4.2.3 Flushing water . 8
4.2.4 Cleaning and/or disinfection agent . 8
4.2.5 Test rig . 8
4.3 Test samples . 9
4.3.1 General requirements . 9
4.3.2 Sample storage . 9
4.4 Procedure . 9
4.4.1 General . 9
4.4.2 Test temperature . 9
4.4.3 Procedural blanks (R0 and T0) . 9
4.4.4 Start-up procedure . 10
4.4.5 Migration test . 10
4.4.6 Cleaning and disinfection . 12
5 Analysis . 13
6 Expression of results . 13
6.1 Concentrations in the analytical samples . 13
6.2 Daily migration rates . 13
6.2.1 Calculation based on concentrations in analytical samples from one-pass sampling, T1, T2,
T3 and DT1 . 13
6.2.2 Calculation based on concentrations in migration waters after re-circulation, R1, R2 and DR1 . 13
7 Test report . 14
Annex A (informative) Diagram of the test procedure . 15
Annex B (informative) Schematic diagram of an example test rig . 16
Bibliography . 17
European foreword
This document (EN 12873‑4:2021) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 164 “Water
supply”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2022, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn
at the latest by May 2022.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 12873‑4:2006.
It has been drawn up with the objective to describe a test method to determine the migration of substances
from water treatment membranes.
Annex A, which is informative, provides a flow diagram of the steps in the test procedure.
Annex B, which is informative, describes a test rig.
This document is the fourth in a series of standards dealing with the influence of migration from materials
on water intended for human consumption, including:
— Part 1, Test method for factory-made products made from or incorporating organic or glassy (porcelain/
vitreous enamel) materials;
— Part 2, Test method for non-metallic and non-cementitious site-applied materials;
— Part 3, Test method for ion exchange and adsorbent resins;
— Part 4, Test method for water treatment membranes.
The significant technical difference between this edition and EN 12873‑4:2006 are as follows:
— New definitions and editorial changes to existing definitions.
— Change to temperature of operation if not provided by the manufacturer.
— General editorial, structural changes and clarification throughout the document.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.
Introduction
In respect of potential adverse effects on the quality of water intended for human consumption caused by
the materials, it is called to mind that, while awaiting the adoption of verifiable European acceptance
criteria, the relevant national regulations remain in force.
1 Scope
This document describes a test method for laboratory evaluation of possible adverse effects of water
treatment membrane elements and modules on drinking water quality.
In principle it is applicable to microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis and
electrodialysis modules for use in the treatment of public water supplies and of water inside buildings.
NOTE Such devices can vary considerably in design and operation and hence some modification of the procedures
can be required.
Evaluation of the efficiency of the membrane filter in removing contaminants from the treated water is
not included.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN ISO 3696:1995, Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods (ISO 3696:1987)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
analytical sample
portion of the migration water collected for the determination of specified water quality parameters
3.2
cell pair
basic unit of electrodialysis systems consisting of a cation transfer membrane, a dilute flow (product)
spacer, an anion transfer membrane and a concentrate (waste) spacer
3.3
cleaning and/or disinfection agent
chemical solution passed through the membrane element/module either in response to changes in the
performance of the membrane or at fixed times or volumes to remove solids or biofilm build up from the
membrane to improve efficiency
3.4
concentrate
permeate and reject water returned to the reservoir of test water to be pumped back through the
membrane element/module resulting in a concentration of migrating substances from the membrane
element/module
3.5
dead volume
volume of water contained in a membrane element/module (but not including pumps, valves and other
ancillaries connected to the membrane element/module) during normal use
3.6
electrodialysis
process in which ionic species in a feed water are transferred by means of an electrical driving force via a
membrane, which is either cation or anion specific, to a wastewater stream
3.7
feed water
inlet water for the test rig
Note 1 to entry: See diagram in Annex B (Figure B.1).
3.8
flushing water
water used for preconditioning and rinsing
3.9
migration test
determination of the effects on parameters of water quality following contact with the test sample under
specified conditions
3.10
migration
movement of a substance or substances from test samples into migration water 3.11
3.11
migration water
test water after exposure to the test sample under specified conditions
3.12
membrane element/module
filtration unit including the membrane itself and all parts of its housing and fittings
3.13
procedural blank
test water after contact with the test rig but not with the test sample under the same conditions used for
the migration test
3.14
product
manufactured item, in its finished form, that comes into contact with drinking water
3.15
permeate water
treated water from the product that has passed through the membrane
3.16
reject water
tangential water that does not flow through the membrane and becomes the waste stream under normal
operation of the product
3.17
storage solution
solution which fills the dead space in a membrane element/module added by the manufacturer after
manufacture to preserve the membrane during distribution, sometimes storage solutions are also added
to partially used membrane element/module for storage when not in use
3.18
test rig
equipment, which is not part of the test sample, used to perform the test and control test conditions
3.19
test sample
product, or part of a product, submitted for testing for suitability for use in contact with water intended
for human consumption
3.20
test water
water used for migration testing
Note 1 to entry: See 4.2.2.
4 Test method
4.1 Principle
Water of specified quality is run through a membrane element or module under specified operating
conditions representing as much as possible the actual conditions of use. The procedure comprises several
steps including flushing, operation with and without recycling and cleaning and/or disinfection, the latter
depending on the manufacturer's recommendations. The purpose of the recycling phase is to concentrate
the potential contaminants migrating from the test sample. Analytical samples of the concentrates and the
single-pass migration waters are taken for analysis.
The operating test temperature is maintained at the highest temperature approved by the manufacturer.
In the absence of a recommended temperature it is (20 ± 5) °C.
A schematic diagram of the test protocol is shown in Annex A.
Membrane technology can be different in design and operation and therefore the procedures described,
such as operation conditions and cleaning, may need to be modified in some cases.
4.2 Reagents and apparatus
4.2.1 General
Only reagents of analytical grade shall be used, except where specified otherwise. All reagents shall be of
sufficient purity to ensure that they do not give rise to interferences during the analysis of the extracts.
NOTE Contamination can arise from various sources, e.g. plastics or rubber materials. The use of procedural blanks
and laboratory blanks assists in detecting any contamination and identifying its source.
4.2.2 Test water
The test water shall consist of purified water conforming to grade 3 of EN ISO 3696:1995 with an electrical
conductivity not exceeding (10 ± 0,1) µS/cm. It shall be free from organic contaminants that can interfere
with the analysis of the analytical samples.
If testing with chlorinated test water is required, test water having an active chlorine content of (1 ± 0,2)
mg/l as Cl shall be used.
When testing electrodialysis modules the test water shall contain (1 ± 0,1) g/l of NaCl.
NOTE Purification of water, such as tap water, by a sequence consisting of carbon filtration, reverse osmosis or
distillation and followed by deionization usually produces satisfactory test water.
4.2.3 Flushing water
The flushing water shall be test water (4.2.2) or tap water, provided that the following conditions are
complied with:
— total organic carbon content of < (1,0 mg/l ± 0,1 mg/l) carbon;
— conductivity of < 500 µS/cm;
— it is free from organic contaminants that can interfere with the analysis of the extracts;
— flushing is finished with a volume of the test water, corresponding to at least (5 ± 0,5) % of the total
volume used for flushing.
NOTE A flushing with 1000 l would consist of 950 l of flushing water followed by 50 l of test water.
For products not intended for use in contact with chlorinated water only unchlorinated flushing water
shall be used.
4.2.4 Cleaning and/or disinfection agent
The type a
...