prEN 18223

Digital Product Passport - System interoperability

The scope of this document includes:
—   the semantic description of a product, including its properties where relevant and the semantic aspects to represent the product lifecycle;
—   a common information model allowing for the implementation of data dictionary systems;
—   metadata models and formats to be used in exchange and representation, allowing for the integration of dictionaries;
—   rules on how to systematically use such metadata models when developing product group specific data models and dictionaries;
—   technical and organizational interoperability.
This document follows the approach of standard interoperability layers and proposes the following aspects in this regard.

Digitaler Produktpass - System-Interoperabilität

Der Anwendungsbereich von diesem Dokument umfasst Folgendes:
   die semantische Beschreibung eines Produkts, einschließlich seiner Eigenschaften, sofern maßgeblich, und der semantischen Aspekte zur Darstellung des Produktlebensweges;
   ein gemeinsames Informationsmodell, das die Implementierung von Datenwörterbuch-Systemen ermöglicht;
   Metadatenmodelle und  formate zur Verwendung in Austausch und Darstellung, die die Integration von Wörterbüchern ermöglichen;
   Regeln zur systematischen Verwendung solcher Metadatenmodelle beim Entwickeln produktgruppenspezifischer Datenmodelle und Wörterbücher;
   technische und organisatorische Interoperabilität.
Dieses Dokument folgt dem Ansatz der Standard-Interoperabilitätsschichten und schlägt die folgenden Aspekte diesbezüglich vor.

Passeport numérique des produits - Interopérabilité du système

Le domaine d'application du présent document inclut :
—   la description sémantique d'un produit, y compris, le cas échéant, ses propriétés, et les aspects sémantiques pour représenter le cycle de vie du produit ;
—   un modèle d'information commun permettant la mise en œuvre de systèmes de dictionnaires de données ;
—   les modèles et formats de métadonnées à utiliser pour l'échange et la représentation, permettant l'intégration des dictionnaires ;
—   les règles relatives à la manière d'utiliser systématiquement ces modèles de métadonnées lors de l'élaboration des modèles et dictionnaires de données spécifiques à un groupe de produits ;
—   l'interopérabilité technique et organisationnelle.
Le présent document suit l'approche des couches d'interopérabilité normalisées et propose les aspects suivants à cet égard.

Digitalni potni list izdelka - Interoperabilnost sistema

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Publication Date: 21-May-2026
• ICS: 13.020.20 - Environmental economics. Sustainability
• ICS: 35.240.63 - IT applications in trade
• Technical Committee: JTC 24 - Digital Product Passport (DPP)
• Drafting Committee: WG 4 - Interoperability framework
• Current Stage: 4060 - Closure of enquiry - Enquiry
• Start Date: 18-Sep-2025
• Due Date: 19-Sep-2025
• Completion Date: 18-Sep-2025
• Mandate: M/604 - COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DECISION of 31.7.2024 on a standardisation request to the European Committee for Standardisation, the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardisation, and the European Telecommunications Standards Institute as regards digital product passports in support of Union policy on ecodesign requirements for sustainable products and on batteries and waste batteries
• Mandate: M/604 AMD 1 - COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DECISION (EU) of 28.11.2025 amending Implementing Decision C(2024)5423 as regards the legal basis and the deadlines for the adoption of the standards.
• Ref Project: oSIST prEN 18223:2025 - Digital Product Passport - System interoperability

Overview

The prEN 18223 standard, titled Digital Product Passport - System Interoperability, is developed by CEN to establish a comprehensive framework for digital product passports (DPP). This standard focuses on enabling seamless interoperability among systems handling digital product information. It addresses key aspects such as semantic descriptions of products, common information models, metadata schemas for exchange, and rules governing the use of these models to ensure both technical and organizational interoperability. This initiative supports a unified approach to managing product lifecycle data, enhancing data exchange and reuse across diverse platforms.

Key Topics

• Semantic Description of Products
  prEN 18223 outlines a semantic model to describe product properties and lifecycle information, facilitating clear and structured representation of digital product passports. The model supports standardized data schemas and ontologies that are technology and domain-agnostic.

• Common Information Model
  The standard defines core data structures, including entities like DataElementCollection, SinglevaluedDataElement, and MultivaluedDataElement. These form the backbone for representing product attributes and their relationships within the digital product passport.

• Metadata Models and Formats
  It specifies metadata frameworks enabling integration and exchange of data dictionaries across different systems, ensuring consistency and semantic clarity when sharing product data.

• Interoperability Layers

  • Organizational interoperability: Ensures easy integration into existing IT frameworks and supports both human and machine access.
  • Semantic interoperability: Guarantees that data shared is understood at a conceptual level using standardized ontologies and schemas.
  • Technical interoperability: Focuses on the serialization of data in standardized formats to ensure seamless data transfer between applications and services.

• Rules for Data Model Development
  The document provides guidelines for developing product group-specific data models, leveraging metadata to maintain standardization throughout various industries.

Applications

• Sustainability Tracking
  The digital product passport framework helps organizations monitor environmental impacts, recyclability, and product lifecycle data, aiding compliance with sustainability regulations such as the EU’s Ecodesign Directive.

• Product Lifecycle Management
  Enables transparent documentation and communication of product information throughout the value chain - from manufacturing and logistics to retail and recycling.

• Supply Chain Integration
  Facilitates interoperability across different IT systems and organizational boundaries, enhancing collaboration between economic operators, manufacturers, and regulatory bodies.

• Regulatory Compliance
  Assists manufacturers and stakeholders in meeting legal requirements by structuring and exchanging product information in line with European and international standards.

• Digital Transformation in Trade
  Supports IT applications in trade by providing standardized frameworks to manage user solutions involving digital product data.

Related Standards

• ISO and IEC Terminology Databases
  prEN 18223 references terminology standards maintained by ISO and IEC to ensure harmonized definitions across global standardization efforts.

• EU Ecodesign Requirements
  The standard aligns with the European Commission regulations, particularly those concerning the environmental performance of products, facilitating regulatory interoperability.

• W3C XML Schema (XSD)
  The serialization syntax and data types for the digital product passport data model conform to W3C XML Schema definitions to maintain consistency in data exchange.

• CEN/CENELEC Interoperability Frameworks
  prEN 18223 complements existing interoperability standards developed by CEN and CENELEC, ensuring alignment with broader European technological frameworks.

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By adhering to the prEN 18223 standard, industries can establish a robust, interoperable digital product passport infrastructure that promotes sustainable product management, regulatory compliance, and efficient data exchange across diverse systems and organizations. This standard is a critical enabler for the digital transformation of product information and the circular economy.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2025
Digitalni potni list za proizvode - Interoperabilnost sistema
Digital Product Passport - System interoperability
Digitaler Produktpass - System-Interoperabilität
Passeport numérique des produits - Interopérabilité du système
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 18223
ICS:
13.020.20 Okoljska ekonomija. Environmental economics.
Trajnostnost Sustainability
35.240.63 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in trade
trgovini
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD DRAFT
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
June 2025
ICS 35.240.63; 13.020.20
English version
Digital Product Passport - System interoperability
Passeport numérique des produits - Interopérabilité Digitaler Produktpass - System-Interoperabilität
du système
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/CLC/JTC 24.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN and CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal
Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any
alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN and CENELEC in three official versions (English, French, German). A
version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN and CENELEC member into its own language
and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium,
Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and United Kingdom.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification
of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2025 CEN/CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means
Ref. No. prEN 18223:2025 E
reserved worldwide for CEN national Members and for
CENELEC Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
0.1 Organizational interoperability . 4
0.2 Semantic interoperability . 4
0.3 Technical interoperability . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Semantic interoperability . 6
4.1 Semantic model . 6
4.1.1 General . 6
4.1.2 Data model . 6
4.1.3 Semantic model of the digital product passport . 6
4.1.4 Elements of the DPP semantic model . 12
4.2 Data model requirements to manage DPP changes . 15
4.3 Model for repositories for the data dictionaries . 16
5 Technical interoperability . 16
5.1 General . 16
5.2 Serialization syntax . 16
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the the
ecodesign requirements of Commission Regulation (EU) No 2024/1781 aimed to
be covered . 17
Bibliography . 19
European foreword
This document (prEN 18223:2025) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC "Digital product
passport – Framework and system", the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document has been prepared under a standardization request addressed to CEN by the European
Commission. The Standing Committee of the EFTA States subsequently approves these requests for its
Member States.
For relationship with EU Legislation, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
Introduction
0.1 Organizational interoperability
Organizational interoperability should enable the following:
— easy integration into existing technology frameworks;
— human and machine (software) access.
0.2 Semantic interoperability
Semantic interoperability should enable the following:
— allow data structuring with standardized or established data schema languages;
— enable the usage and re-usage of known ontologies or context namespaces;
— avoid sector spécific ontologies – allow parallel usage of different ontologies issued by the European
Commission in delegated acts with a horizontal layer as general as possible (technology, ontology
and domain agnostic).
0.3 Technical interoperability
Serialization of data with standardized data format.
1 Scope
The scope of this document includes:
— the semantic description of a product, including its properties where relevant and the semantic
aspects to represent the product lifecycle;
— a common information model allowing for the implementation of data dictionary systems;
— metadata models and formats to be used in exchange and representation, allowing for the
integration of dictionaries;
— rules on how to systematically use such metadata models when developing product group spécific
data models and dictionaries;
— technical and organizational interoperability.
This document follows the approach of standard interoperability layers and proposes the following
aspects in this regard.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and définitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
interoperability
capability of two or more entities to exchange items in accordance with a set of rules and mechanisms
implemented by an interface in each entity, in order to perform their spécifiéd tasks
[SOURCE: [1], 3.12]
3.2
semantic interoperability
ability for data shared by systems to be understood at the level of fully définéd domain concepts
[SOURCE: [2]]
3.3
technical interoperability
ability that covers the applications and infrastructures linking systems and services
3.4
digital product passport
DPP
digital record of product characteristics throughout its life cycle
Note 1 to entry: Example characteristics include environmental sustainability, environmental impact, and
recyclability
4 Semantic interoperability
4.1 Semantic model
4.1.1 General
To fulfil the interoperability requirements the semantic model representing the digital product passport
(3.4) is based on an underlying data model presented in 4.1.2 which is used to définé the semantic model
presented in 4.1.3.
4.1.2 Data model
Describes the basic data structures the digital product passport (3.4) relies on to handle the data points
and the relationships between them.
Figure 1 — UML representation of the entities of the data model
The data model includes the following entities: DataElementCollection, DataElement,
SinglevaluedDataElement, MultivaluedDataElement and ValueElement. These entities are described in
detail in the following subclauses.
4.1.3 Semantic model of the digital product passport
4.1.3.1 Digital product passport
The data structures définéd in the data model 4.1.2 are used in the semantic model in order to définé
how to publish a digital product passport instance and the data points it is required to contain.
Figure 2 — UML representation of the entities of the semantic model of the DPP.
Figure 2 presents the base semantic model of the digital product passport (3.4).
The digital product passport is modelled as a collection that contains zero-to-many
DataElementCollections (see 4.1.3.2) and zero-to-many DataElements (see 4.1.3.3).
Data points mentioned in the ESPR [3] Annex III, when required, they are to be encoded as follows.
The following data points (see Table 1) shall be published as attributes in the digital product passport
object:
Table 1 — Attributes of the digital product passport object
Attribute name Description DataType Cardinality Example
DigitalProductPassportID The unique idéntifiér String (Format from [1]
of an instance of the WG2)
digital product
passport. It shall be
globally unique and
should be based on a
URI/URL structure,
such as provided for
example in [Module
1] schemas.
ProductID A unique string of String (Format from [1]
characters for the WG2)
idéntification of a
product, that also
enables a web link to
the digital product
passport.
[Source Module 1
3.25]
Granularity The level of String/Enum [1]
granularity of the
ProductID as per
ESPR.
DPPSchemaVersion The reference String [1]
standard the DPP
instance schema
refers to.
DPPStatus The status of the DPP String/Enum [1] "Active", "Archived"
instance as digital
resource.
LastUpdate The date and time of Timestamp [1]
the latest update to
UTC- based
the DPP instance.
EconomicOperatorID A unique string of String (Format from [1]
characters for the WG2)
idéntification of an
actor involved in a
product’s life cycle
[Source Module 1
3.24]
FacilityID A unique string of String (Format from [0.1]
characters for the WG2)
idéntification of
locations or buildings
involved in a
product’s value chain
or used by actors
involved in a
product’s life cycle.
[Source Module 1
3.23]
Other data points, including the ones mentioned in ESPR [4] Annex III and not included in Table 1, shall
be published as DataElement or DataElementCollection in the digital product passport object.
The possible data points that can be declared in a DPP instance are of two types: product property (see
4.1.4.1) and document (see 4.1.4.2).
4.1.3.2 DataElementCollection
Collection of DataElements included in the digital product passport (3.4) entity. It contains one-to-many
DataElements. It also includes the following attributes (see Table 2).
Table 2 — Definition of DataElementCollection attributes
Name Description Datatype Cardinality Example
The relative
idéntifiér of the data
element shall be
unique unique within
its location (i.e. in the
DPP or in the level of
DataElementCollecti
on) and it is non_translatable_stri
ElementId [1]
recommended to be ng_type
unique in the DPP
instance. The
corresponding
absolute path of the
data element shall be
unique within the
DPP instance.
Unique idéntifiér of
the semantic non_translatable_stri
DictionaryReference [0.1]
description of the ng_type
collection
The human-readable
name of the
DataElementCollecti translatable
Name [0.1]
on instance within a _string_type
digital product
passport instance
The dataElements
List of
contained in the
DataElements [1]
DataElementCollecti

on
A DataElementCollection shall contain at least one ins
...