EN 1501-3:2008

Refuse collection vehicles and their associated lifting devices - General requirements and safety requirements - Part 3: Front loaded refuse collection vehicles

This standard applies to front loaded refuse collection vehicles, as defined in 3.2, and specifies their technical requirements.
This standard deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to the front loaded RCV, when it is used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
This standard part 3 describes and gives the requirements of the front loaded RCV and the associated lifting device(s) and refers to part 4 of this series of standards for the noise test code.
Examples for standard types of front loaded refuse collection vehicles are given in Annex C.
This European Standard is not applicable to:
   operation in severe conditions (e.g. extreme environmental conditions such as: temperatures below –25 °C and above 40 °C, corrosive environment, tropical environment, lightning, wind velocity in excess of 75 km/h);
   operation subject to special rules (e.g. potentially explosive atmospheres, contaminating environments);
   transportation of passengers, lifting of persons;
   loading by crane;
   loading by satellite vehicle;
   containers other than defined in EN 840-1 to -4, EN 12574-1 to -3 and type B of EN 13071;
   handling of loads the nature of which could lead to dangerous situations such as hot wastes, acids and bases, radioactive materials, especially fragile loads, explosives.
This document is not applicable to machinery which is manufactured before the date of its publication by CEN.

Abfallsammelfahrzeuge und die dazugehörigen Schüttungen - Allgemeine Anforderungen und Sicherheitsanforderungen - Teil 3: Frontlader

Diese Norm gilt für die in 3.2 definierten Frontlader-ASF und legt deren technische Anforderungen fest.
Diese Europäische Norm behandelt alle für Frontlader-ASF relevanten signifikanten Gefährdungen,
Gefährdungssituationen und Ereignisse, wenn sie bestimmungsgemäß sowie unter den vom Hersteller
voraussehbaren Bedingungen eines Missbrauchs verwendet werden (siehe Abschnitt 4).
Teil 3 dieser Norm beschreibt und stellt Anforderungen für Frontlader-ASF und ihre dazugehörigen
Schüttungen und verweist hinsichtlich des Lärmmessprotokolls auf Teil 4 dieser Normenreihe.
Beispiele für Standardtypen von Frontlader-Abfallsammelfahrzeugen sind in Anhang C aufgeführt.
Diese Europäische Norm schafft keine zusätzlichen Anforderungen für:
⎯ extreme Einsatzbedingungen (z. B. extreme Umweltbedingungen wie Temperaturen unter − 25 °C und
über + 40 °C, korrodierende Umgebung, tropische Bedingungen, Blitzschlag, Windgeschwindigkeiten
über 75 km/h);
⎯ Einsatz, der besonderen Vorschriften unterliegt (z. B. potenziell explosionsgefährdete Umgebung,
kontaminierende Umgebung);
⎯ Personenbeförderung, Anheben von Personen;
⎯ Beladen durch Krane;
⎯ Beladen durch ein Satellitenfahrzeug;
⎯ andere Behälter als die, die nach EN 840-1 bis EN 840-4, EN 12574-1 bis EN 12574-3 und Typ B der
EN 13071 hergestellt wurden;
⎯ Handhabung von Ladungen, deren Eigenschaften zu gefährlichen Situationen führen könnten, wie heiße
Abfälle, Säuren und Laugen, radioaktives Material, besonders brüchige Ladungen, Explosivstoffe.
Dieses Dokument gilt nicht für Maschinen, die vor dem Datum der Veröffentlichung durch CEN hergestellt
wurden.

Bennes de collecte des déchets et leurs lève-conteneurs associés — Exigences générales et exigences de sécurité - Partie 3: Bennes à chargement frontal

La présente norme porte sur les bennes de collecte des déchets à chargement frontal telles que définies en 3.2 et spécifie les exigences techniques correspondantes.
La présente norme traite également de tous les phénomènes dangereux significatifs, situations et événements dangereux relatifs aux bennes à chargement frontal lorsqu’elles sont utilisées dans des conditions normales et dans des conditions de mauvaise utilisation raisonnablement prévisibles par le constructeur (voir Article 4).
La présente norme (partie 3) décrit et fournit les exigences relatives aux bennes à chargement frontal et aux lève-conteneurs associés ; elle fait également référence à la partie 4 de cette norme pour le code d’essai acoustique.
Des exemples de types standard de bennes à chargement frontal sont donnés à l’Annexe C.
La présente Norme européenne ne s’applique pas :
   au fonctionnement dans des conditions difficiles (par exemple, conditions environnementales extrêmes telles que : des températures inférieures à –25 °C et supérieures à 40 °C, des environnements corrosifs, des environnements tropicaux, la foudre, une vitesse de vent supérieure à 75 km/h) ;
   au fonctionnement soumis à des réglementations spéciales (par exemple, atmosphères potentiellement explosives, milieux polluants) ;
   au transport de passagers, au levage de personnes ;
   au chargement à l’aide d’une grue ;
   au chargement à l’aide d’un véhicule satellite ;
   aux conteneurs autres que ceux des normes EN 840-1 à -4, EN 12574-1 à -3 et type B de l’EN 13071 ;
   à la manutention de chargements dont la nature pourrait donner lieu à des situations dangereuses (par exemple, déchets chauds, acides et bases, matières radioactives, chargements particulièrement fragiles, explosifs).
Le présent document ne s’applique pas aux machines construites avant sa date de publication par le CEN.

Vozila za zbiranje odpadkov in pripadajoči iztresalniki - Splošne in varnostne zahteve - 3. del: Vozila za zbiranje odpadkov z nakladanjem spredaj

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 18-Mar-2008
• Withdrawal Date: 13-Apr-2025
• ICS: 43.160 - Special purpose vehicles
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 183 - Waste management
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 183/WG 2 - Waste collection vehicles and their associated lifting devices
• Current Stage: 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
• Start Date: 31-Mar-2021
• Completion Date: 14-Apr-2025
• Directive: 2006/42/EC - Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC (recast)
• Directive: 98/37/EC - Machinery
• Mandate: M/079 - Mandate to CEN and CENELEC for standardization in the field of machines
• Mandate: M/396 - Mandate to CEN and Cenelec for standardisation in the field of machinery
• Ref Project: SIST EN 1501-3:2008 - Refuse collection vehicles and associated lifting devices - General requirements and safety requirements - Part 3: Front loaded refuse collection vehicles

Relations

• Replaced By: EN 1501-3:2021 - Refuse collection vehicles - General requirements and safety requirements - Part 3: Front loaded refuse collection vehicles
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2016
• Parent: EN 1501-2:2005 - Refuse collection vehicles and associated lifting devices - General requirements and safety requirements - Part 2: Side loaded refuse collection vehicles
• Effective Date: 22-Dec-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.DMAbfallsammelfahrzeuge und die dazugehörigen Schüttungen - Allgemeine Anforderungen und Sicherheitsanforderungen - Teil 3: FrontladerBennes a ordures ménageres et leurs leve-conteneurs associés - Exigences générales et exigences de sécurité - Partie 3 : Bennes a chargement frontalRefuse collection vehicles and associated lifting devices - General requirements and safety requirements - Part 3: Front loaded refuse collection vehicles43.160Vozila za posebne nameneSpecial purpose vehicles13.030.40Naprave in oprema za odstranjevanje in obdelavo odpadkovInstallations and equipment for waste disposal and treatmentICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1501-3:2008SIST EN 1501-3:2008en,fr01-julij-2008SIST EN 1501-3:2008SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 1501-3March 2008ICS 43.160 English VersionRefuse collection vehicles and their associated lifting devices -General requirements and safety requirements - Part 3: Frontloaded refuse collection vehiclesBennes de collecte des déchets et leurs lève-conteneursassociés - Exigences générales et exigences de sécurité -Partie 3: Bennes à chargement frontalAbfallsammelfahrzeuge und die dazugehörigenSchüttungen - Allgemeine Anforderungen undSicherheitsanforderungen - Teil 3: FrontladerThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 January 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2008 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 1501-3:2008: ESIST EN 1501-3:2008

Definition of working and functional spaces.46 Annex B (normative)
Examples of data sheet.48 Annex C (informative)
Types of systems for front loaded RCVs: lifting devices, compaction and discharge systems and types of waste containers.54 Annex D (normative)
Warning signals.60 Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC, amended by 98/79/EC.61 Annex ZB (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC.62 Bibliography.63
Figures Figure A.1 — Side view of a front loaded RCV.46 Figure A.2 — Top view of a front loaded RCV.47 Figure B.1 — Example of data sheet. Dimensions, volumes and centres of gravity.48 Figure B.2.1 — Example of data sheet - Axle load calculation.49 Figure B.2.2.1 — Lateral tipping edge at outer tire.50 Figure B.2.2.2 — Rear tipping edge at centre line of the most rear axle.50 Figure B.2.2 — Example of data sheet - Calculation of side and rear stability on fully tipped body / bodywork.51 Figure B.2.3.1 — Longitudinal stability.52 Figure B.2.3.2 — Lateral stability.52 SIST EN 1501-3:2008

Introduction This document is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100-1. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are indicated in the scope of this document. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard. The series of standards should be read in conjunction with the documents developed by CEN/TC 183/WG 1 for mobile waste containers (according to the series of standards EN 840), for stationary waste containers (according to the series of standards EN 12574) and for selective collection containers emptied by the top (Type B of EN 13071) that are compatible with some of the lifting devices specified in this standard (see Figure C.4). While producing this standard it was assumed that:  only persons who have been appropriately trained will operate the front loaded RCV;  the guidelines issued by the chassis manufacturer have been taken into account;  components without specific requirements are designed in accordance with the usual engineering practice and calculation codes, including all failure modes, of sound mechanical and electrical construction and made of materials with adequate strength and of suitable quality;  harmful materials, such as asbestos, are not used as part of the machine;  components are kept in good repair and working order, so that the characteristics, within the specified limits as stated in the maintenance manual, remain despite wear;  by design of the load bearing elements, a safe operation of the machine is assured for loading ranging from zero to 100 % of the rated capacities;  the equipment has been designed for operation with an ambient temperature between –25 °C and 40 °C;  specific uses and operating conditions of the machinery are taken into account by negotiation between the manufacturer and the user (for example: type of waste, extended temperature range, type of driving conditions). The standard is designed for careful consideration by designers, manufacturers, suppliers and users of the front loaded RCV. SIST EN 1501-3:2008

3.4 cab enclosure mounted on the chassis in front of the bodywork where the operative drives and controls the front loaded RCV and other operative(s) can sit
3.5 body part of the bodywork in which the collected refuse is stored. It may be fixed, interchangeable or rotating SIST EN 1501-3:2008

NOTE See Figures A.1 and A.2. 3.15.2 lift arm(s) part of the lifting device which consists of a moveable structure and which transfers the waste container(s) from the ground to the hopper NOTE Main types are shown in Figure C.1. 3.15.3 extending arm moving part of the lifting device used to provide more horizontal reach in order to pick up the designated waste container(s) 3.15.4
holding systems 3.15.4.1 fork part of the lifting device attached to the lift arm or the extending arm consisting of a pair of fingers to hold the designated waste container(s) (see Figure C.5) 3.15.4.2 comb horizontal component with teeth on the upper part, to which the frontal receiver of the designated waste container is located 3.15.4.3 clamp mechanism which holds the designated waste container(s) by application of jaws. When these jaws overlap, it is called an overlapping clamp SIST EN 1501-3:2008

3.18 top door cover for the hopper NOTE Several types are described in Figure C.6. 3.19 access door door at the side(s) of the bodywork for maintenance purpose 3.20 operative authorised and trained person to operate the RCV 3.21 mono-operative front loaded RCV when the whole sequence of movements of the waste container emptying cycle can be achieved only through the actuation of the controls located in the cab 3.22 visible space outdoor space visible to the operative from his working station 3.23 operating station location outside of the functional spaces, where the operative operates the machine during normal use. Inspection, cleaning and maintenance are excluded (see Figure A.2) 3.24 travel movement motorised movement over 6 km/h of the front loaded RCV when all equipments and components are set and fixed for travel mode 3.25 positioning movement motorised movement not exceeding 6 km/h of the front loaded RCV when one or more equipments of the RCV is out of the dimensions given in the data sheet according to Figure B.1 3.26 hold-to-run control control device by which the operating function is only carried out as long as the control is activated according to 3.26.3 of EN ISO 12100-1:2003. The operation stops automatically when the control is released SIST EN 1501-3:2008

volume covered by the movements of the designated waste container(s) when lifted by the lifting device as specified by the manufacturer (see Figures A.1 and A.2) 4 Modes and controls of front loaded RCV NOTE Travel and positioning movements are not included. 4.1 Operating modes Movements of the mechanically moved parts of the front loaded RCV: 4.1.1 Manual: the mechanism achieves each movement within the waste container emptying cycle or the compaction cycle by a specific, separate command. 4.1.2 Semi-automatic: the mechanism achieves each sequence of movements (two or more movements in one sequence) within the waste container emptying cycle or the compaction cycle by a specific command. 4.1.3 Automatic: the mechanism achieves all sequences of the waste container emptying cycle or the compaction cycle by one command without any other action. 4.2 Compaction operating modes and controls 4.2.1 General Each front loaded RCV may be fitted with one or more of the following compaction operating modes. 4.2.2 Automatic compaction Automatic compaction mechanisms are activated by an impulse command, e.g. by a start control device or emptying a container into the hopper:  continuous cycle is one that cycles by a start impulse and that continually cycles until stopped by an independent action;  single cycle is one that cycles once with a start impulse or the emptying and then stops without any further operating action;  multi cycle is one that cycles by a start impulse for a given number of times and then stops without any other action. The number of cycles is pre-determined.
For single and multi cycles the start impulse may be generated by means of the start command of the lifting device. It can also be stopped by activation of a stop control. 4.2.3 Semi-automatic compaction The controlled cycle is activated by one single hold-to-run control, e.g. button or lever, from the start until all shear traps have been passed. Thereafter, the cycle will be completed as a single cycle as described in 4.2.2, even if the control is released. 4.2.4 Manual compaction The compaction mechanism is commanded and controlled by the operative by means of a hold-to-run control, e.g. button or lever, for each sequence of movements. SIST EN 1501-3:2008

A selection of mode is when a discharge operation mode can be changed to or from any of the modes mentioned under 4.3.3 and 4.3.4. 4.4 Lifting device operating modes and controls 4.4.1 General The front loaded RCV may be designed for one or more of the following lifting device operating modes, as described in 4.4.2 to 4.4.4. 4.4.2 Automatic lifting mode The lifting device achieves all sequences of the emptying cycle by one command. 4.4.3 Semi-automatic lifting mode The lifting device achieves each sequence of movements (two or more movements in the sequence) of the emptying cycle by a command using a hold-to-run control device. 4.4.4 Manual lifting mode The lifting device achieves each movement within the emptying cycle by a specific separate command of the hold-to-run control device. SIST EN 1501-3:2008

Too high a speed of the lifting device 6.5.1.2 2 Inadequacy of mechanical strength Discharge system. Door hinge Unexpected opening of the discharge door 6.3.2 3 Inadequacy of mechanical strength Lock between interchangeable body and compaction mechanism Unexpected demounting of the interchangeable body 6.8.2 4 Inadequacy of mechanical strength Lifting device Break up of arms or forks 6.5.1.2 5 Crushing, hitting Lifting device Hitting and / or crushing between lifting device or waste container and ground during lowering operation 6.5.1.1, 6.5.1.3 6 Crushing, trapping, hitting Lifting device Clamping of a pedestrian 6.5.2.3, 6.5.2.4, 6.5.2.5, 6.5.2.6 7 Crushing, trapping Lifting device Trapping between lifting arms and the bodywork and/or cab, when lowering and lifting the lifting device 6.5.1.1, 6.5.1.2, 6.5.1.3 8 Crushing Lifting device Crushing or trapping between parts of the lifting device 6.5.1.3, 6.5.2.5, 6.5.2.6 SIST EN 1501-3:2008

6.8.6,
6.8.7 14 Crushing, shearing, hitting Space between body and chassis and rear of the body Trapping between body and chassis or hitting third party at rear 6.8.4,
6.8.7,
6.8.8 15 Crushing shearing Compaction mechanism Crushing or shearing between compaction mechanism and its housing when the body is removed 6.2.2.4 16 Crushing, shearing, trapping Inside body Crushing or shearing by compaction mechanism or ejection plate during maintenance 6.3.2 17 Crushing, shearing Static body Crushing or shearing when lateral access door is open whilst mechanism is moving 6.15.3 18 Crushing, shearing, trapping Movable cab shield Crushing between movable shield and body or cab during maintenance 6.6 19 Crushing, shearing trapping Rotation drum body Crushing, shearing, trapping between body and rollers 6.2.2.5 20 Crushing, Top door Operative trapped and injured by top door closing during maintenance 6.11.3.4, 8.3 21 Projection of hydraulic fluid under high pressure Lifting device bodywork Ejection of high pressure oil jet caused by loose or burst oil hoses 6.7 SIST EN 1501-3:2008

6.4.2,
6.6 23 Contact with hot surfaces Exhaust pipe Burns 6.18.1 24 Hazard generated by noise resulting in hearing damage or interference in communication Any working area Incorrect operation because of inaudible information 6.14.4,
6.18,
8.1,
8.2 25 Lack of information RCV Risky reactions of the operative(s) 6.3.3,
6.4.2,
6.8.5, 6.11.2.3, 8.1.3.2, 8.1.3.4 26 Modifications by operatives Areas covered previously for risks due to mechanisms Unauthorised modification of controls/control circuits 6.11.3.1, 6.12.1.2 27 Explosion Body Refuse insufficiently ventilated 6.18.2 28 Fire Body Fire in the body 6.19.3,
6.19.4 29 Contamination Body Operative contaminated 6.19.5 30 Insufficient illumination Functional area of waste container lifting device Various hazards e.g. by unsafe handling of waste containers and controls 6.12.11 31 Human error, behaviour RCV Various hazards resulting from human error during operation, maintenance and repair 8.1,
8.2 32 Inadequate design, location or identification of manual controls All moving parts Unexpected movement by activation of the wrong control command 6.11.3 SIST EN 1501-3:2008

6.11.3.1 34 Failure of hydraulic and control system Closing edge of discharge door Failure of system that controls raising or lowering the discharge door when the discharge door is being raised 6.3.1.1, 6.3.1.2,
6.3.2,
6.7 35 Failure of hydraulic and control system Lifting device Descent of forks and/or lift arms 6.5.1.1, 6.5.1.2,
6.7 36 Restoring of energy All moving parts Unintentional machine movement caused by recovered energy e. g after unexpected engine stop 6.11.1.2, 6.11.1.3 37 External influences on electronic equipment RCV Poor immunity to electromagnetic radiation 6.13 38 External influences RCV Lack of stability under influence of the wind 6.17 39 Failure of control circuit All moving parts Unintentional machine movement 6.11.1.2, 6.11.1.3,
6.11.3.3, 6.12.1.1 40 Failure of control circuit All moving parts Unintentional starting or failure on stop functions due to poor design of controls/control circuit 6.11.1, 6.11.2.1, 6.11.3, 6.11.3.2, 6.12.2,
6.12.3,
6.12.4,
6.12.5,
6.12.7,
6.12.8,
6.12.9, 6.12.10, 6.12.11 41 Fitting Errors RCV Incorrect hydraulic and/or electric connections 6.7,
6.12.1,
6.12.3, 6.12.10, 6.12.11 SIST EN 1501-3:2008

6.5.2.4 47 Falling of container Lifting device Container falls because it is incorrectly positioned on forks or/and because damaged 6.5.1.2, 6.5.2.5 48 Falling of refuse Lifting device Refuse falls off the waste container beside the RCV due to improper design either of the hopper or of the kinematics of the lifting device and/or incorrect operation 6.5.1.1, 6.5.1.2, 6.5.1.3 49 Falling of container or refuse RCV Refuse and/or waste container falls on the roof and then on the ground because of unintentional closing of top door 6.4.1 50 Falling off due to inadequate closure of the body Interchange-able body Refuse falls out off the body 6.8.1 51 Tipping over RCV Tipping over of RCV due to lack of stability when tipping the body or lifting too heavy waste container 6.17 52 Tipping over Interchange-able body Tipping over of interchangeable body under bad handling and storage conditions 6.8.4 53 Slip, fall of person Roof of the body Person falling from the roof when cleaning 6.15.4 54 Movement without driver at the driving position RCV Movement of RCV when driver activates the remote control 6.8.8 55 Movement without all parts in rest position Lifting device Hitting other vehicles or pedestrians when driving with lifting device extended 6.5.2.1, 6.5.1.3, 8.1.3.3 SIST EN 1501-3:2008

8.2 64 Unexpected movement of lifting device Lifting device Hitting other vehicles or pedestrians by accidental extension of the extending arm 6.5.2.1 65 Lack or inadequacy of visual or acoustic warning means RCV Incorrect activation by the driver 8.1.3.2, 8.1.3.4 66 Insufficient instructions for driver RCV Incorrect activation by the driver 7 67 From access of persons to load support Lifting device Lifting of person instead of waste container 6.5.1.1, 6.5.1.2 68 From abnormal conditions of assembly/ testing/use/ maintenance Lifting device (RCV) Incorrect movements, operation and maintenance 6.7,
6.11,
6.12 SIST EN 1501-3:2008
6.3.1.3 The control device for locking and un-locking of the discharge door shall be situated outside the discharge door trajectory at a safety distance according to EN 294 to prevent hitting or trapping of the operative. A single hold-to-run control device shall be used for opening the discharge door. A tw
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