EN 13381-3:2015

Test methods for determining the contribution to the fire resistance of structural members - Part 3: Applied protection to concrete members

This European Standard specifies a test method for determining the contribution of fire protection systems to the fire resistance of structural concrete members, for instance slabs, floors, roofs and walls and which can include integral beams and columns. The concrete can be lightweight, normal weight or heavyweight concrete and of all strength classes (e.g. 20/25 to 50/60 for normal strength concrete and for high strength concrete 55/67 to 90/105). The member is to contain steel reinforcing bars.
The test method is applicable to all fire protection materials used for the protection of concrete members and includes sprayed materials, reactive coatings, cladding protection systems and multi-layer or composite fire protection materials, with or without a gap between the fire protection material and the concrete member
This European Standard specifies the tests which are to be carried out to determine the ability of the fire protection material to remain coherent and fixed to the concrete and to provide data on the temperature distribution throughout the protected concrete member, when exposed to the standard temperature time curve.
In special circumstances, where specified in national building regulations, there can be a need to subject the protection material to a smouldering curve. The test for this and the special circumstances for its use are detailed in Annex A.
The fire test methodology makes provision for the collection and presentation of data which can be used as direct input to the calculation of fire resistance of concrete members in accordance with the procedures given in EN 1992-1-2.
This European Standard also contains the assessment which prescribes how the analysis of the test data is to be made and gives guidance to the procedures by which interpolation is to be undertaken.
The limits of applicability of the results of the assessment arising from the fire test are defined together with permitted direct application of the results to different concrete structures, densities, strengths, thicknesses and production techniques over the range of thicknesses of the applied fire protection system tested.
The test method, the test results and the assessment method are not applicable to structural hollow concrete members.

Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung des Beitrages zum Feuerwiderstand von tragenden Bauteilen - Teil 3: Brandschutzmaßnahmen für Betonbauteile

Dieser Teil dieser Europäischen Norm legt ein Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung des Beitrages von Brandschutzsystemen zur Feuerwiderstandsfähigkeit tragender Betonbauteile fest, z. B. Platten, Decken, Dächer und Wände, die integrierte Balken und Stützen enthalten können. Der Beton kann Leichtbeton, Normalbeton oder Schwerbeton aller Festigkeitsklassen (z. B. 20/25 bis 50/60 für Beton normaler Festigkeit und 55/67 bis 90/105 für Beton hoher Festigkeit) sein. Das Bauteil muss Bewehrungsstähle enthalten.
Das Prüfverfahren gilt für alle Brandschutzmaterialien, die für den Schutz der Betonbauteile verwendet werden, und umfasst aufgesprühte Materialien, Beschichtungen, Bekleidungsschutzsysteme und Mehr-schicht  oder Verbundsysteme mit oder ohne Spalt zwischen dem Brandschutzmaterial und dem Betonbauteil.
Diese Europäische Norm legt die Prüfverfahren fest, die durchgeführt werden müssen, um die Fähigkeit des Brandschutzmaterials zu bestimmen, mit dem Beton fest verbunden zu bleiben, und um Daten über die Temperaturverteilung im geschützten Betonbauteil zu liefern, wenn dieses der Einheits Temperaturzeitkurve ausgesetzt wird.
Unter besonderen Umständen, die in nationalen Bauvorschriften festgelegt sind, kann es erforderlich sein, das Brandschutzmaterial einer Schwelbrandkurve zu unterziehen. Die diesbezügliche Prüfung und die besonderen Umstände für deren Anwendung sind in Anhang A angegeben.
Die Methodologie der Brandprüfung bietet die Möglichkeit, Messwerte zu erfassen und darzustellen, die direkt als Eingangswerte zur Berechnung des Feuerwiderstandes von Betonbauteilen entsprechend den Verfahren nach EN 1992 1 2 verwendet werden können.
Diese Europäische Norm behandelt außerdem das Verfahren zur Beurteilung der Interpretation der Ergebnisse aus den Brandprüfungen und Leitlinien zu den Verfahren der Interpolation.
Der zulässige Bereich der Anwendbarkeit der Ergebnisse aus der Beurteilung der Brandprüfung ist zusammen mit dem zulässigen direkten Anwendungsbereich der Ergebnisse auf unterschiedliche Beton¬konstruktionen, Dichten, Festigkeiten, Dicken und Herstellungsverfahren über den Dickenbereich des geprüften Brandschutzsystems festgelegt.
Das Prüfverfahren, die Prüfergebnisse und das Beurteilungsverfahren gelten nicht für hohle tragende Betonbauteile.

Méthodes d'essai pour déterminer la contribution à la résistance au feu des éléments de construction - Partie 3: Protection appliquée aux éléments en béton

La présente Norme européenne spécifie une méthode d’essai permettant de déterminer la contribution apportée par les systèmes de protection contre le feu à la résistance au feu des éléments de construction en béton, tels que des dalles, planchers, toits et murs, et qui peuvent inclure des poutres ou des poteaux intégrés. Le béton peut être de type léger, normal ou lourd et appartenir à toutes les classes de résistance (par exemple 20/25 à 50/60 pour le béton ordinaire et 55/67 à 90/105 pour le béton à haute résistance). L’élément de construction doit contenir des barres d’armature en acier.
La méthode d’essai est applicable à tous les matériaux de protection contre le feu utilisés pour protéger les éléments de construction en béton et englobe les matériaux appliqués par projection, les revêtementsréactifs, les systèmes de protection plaqués et les matériaux de protection contre le feu multi-couches ou composites, avec ou sans espace de séparation entre le matériau de protection contre le feu et l’élément en béton.
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les essais qui doivent être effectués pour déterminer l’aptitude du matériau de protection contre le feu à rester cohérent et fixé sur le béton, et pour fournirdes données concernant la répartition de la température sur l’ensemble de l’élément en béton protégé, lorsque ce dernierest exposé au feu suivant la courbe normalisée température/temps.
Dans certaines circonstances, lorsque cela est spécifié dans la réglementation nationale en matière de construction, il peut être nécessaire de soumettre le matériau de protection à une courbe de feu couvant. L’essai correspondant et les circonstances particulières dans lesquelles l'utiliser sont décrits à l’Annexe A.
La méthodologie des essais au feu comporte des dispositions concernant le recueil et la présentation de donnéessusceptibles de servir d’entrées directes pour le calcul de la résistance au feu d'éléments en béton conformément aux modes opératoires définis dans l’EN 1992-1-2.
La présente Norme européenne comprendégalement l’évaluation qui prescrit la façon d’effectuer l’analyse des données d’essai et les lignes directives des modes opératoires selon lesquels il convient d’entreprendre une interpolation.
Les limites d’applicationdes résultats de l’évaluation obtenus lorsde l’essai au feu sont définies, ainsi que l’application directe autorisée des résultats aux différentes structures en béton, masses volumiques, classes de résistance, épaisseurs et techniques de fabrication du béton, dans la plage d’épaisseurs du système de protection contre le feu soumis à l’essai.
La méthode d'essai, les résultats d'essai et la méthode d'évaluation ne sont pas applicables aux éléments de construction en béton comportant des vides.

Preskusne metode za ugotavljanje prispevka k požarni odpornosti konstrukcijskih elementov - 3. del: Zaščita betonskih elementov

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 14-Apr-2015
• Withdrawal Date: 30-Oct-2015
• ICS: 13.220.50 - Fire-resistance of building materials and elements
• ICS: 91.080.40 - Concrete structures
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 127 - Fire safety in buildings
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 127/WG 1 - Structural and separating elements
• Current Stage: 9092 - Decision on results of review/2YR ENQ - revise - Review Enquiry
• Start Date: 05-Mar-2023
• Completion Date: 14-Apr-2025
• Directive: 305/2011 - Regulation (eu) No 305/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 march 2011 laying down harmonised conditions for the marketing of construction products and repealing council directive 89/106/eec
• Directive: 89/106/EEC - Construction products
• Mandate: M/117 - Horizontal complement to the mandates to CEN/CENELEC concerning the execution of standardization work for the valuation of construction products and elements in respect of their resistance to fire
• Ref Project: SIST EN 13381-3:2015 - Test methods for determining the contribution to the fire resistance of structural members - Part 3: applied protection to concrete members

Relations

• Replaces: ENV 13381-3:2002 - Test methods for determining the contribution to the fire resistance of structural members - Part 3: Applied protection to concrete members
• Effective Date: 08-Jun-2022

Overview

EN 13381-3:2015 specifies standardized test methods for determining the contribution of applied fire protection systems to the fire resistance of structural concrete members. It covers concrete slabs, floors, roofs and walls (including integral beams and columns) made from lightweight, normal or heavyweight concrete across common strength classes, and requires members to contain steel reinforcement. The standard applies to all types of applied protections - sprayed materials, reactive coatings, cladding and multi-layer/composite systems - with or without a gap to the concrete. Test data from EN 13381-3 can be used directly in fire-resistance calculations according to EN 1992-1-2.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Test scope and specimen types: Prescribes slab and beam specimen construction, instrumentation and conditioning required for valid fire tests.
• Furnace exposure and measurement: Defines exposure to the standard temperature–time curve, furnace control, temperature and pressure monitoring.
• Material variants covered: Sprayed insulations, reactive coatings, claddings, multi-layer systems and ceiling protections; includes measurement of thickness, density and moisture (Annex B).
• Performance criteria: Evaluation of insulation, stickability/cohesion of the protection, and temperature distribution through the protected concrete member.
• Data collection for design: Provides procedures to present temperature profiles and other outputs that feed into EN 1992-1-2 fire-resistance calculations.
• Assessment and interpolation: Specifies how to analyze test results, perform interpolation and define the equivalent thickness of concrete (Annex C), plus limits of applicability across densities, strengths, thicknesses and production techniques.
• Special conditions: Includes a normative Annex A describing tests to a smouldering/slow-heating curve where national regulations require it.
• Exclusions: Not applicable to structural hollow concrete members.

Practical applications

• Demonstrating and certifying the fire performance of applied fire protection systems on concrete members.
• Supplying temperature data and validated inputs for fire-resistance calculations used in structural fire design and performance-based engineering.
• Supporting product development, quality control and third‑party certification of fire protection materials and systems.
• Informing specification, procurement and compliance with building regulations and fire safety codes.

Who should use this standard

• Fire testing laboratories and third‑party certification bodies
• Manufacturers of sprayed insulations, coatings, claddings and composite fire protection systems
• Structural and fire safety engineers performing fire-resistance calculations
• Specifiers, contractors and building authorities responsible for regulatory compliance

Related standards

• EN 1992-1-2 (Eurocode 2) - fire design of concrete structures (directly referenced for calculation input)
• Other parts of the EN 13381 series (applies to different member types/materials) - consult national standards bodies for completions

Keywords: EN 13381-3, fire resistance, concrete members, fire protection systems, test methods, applied protection, fire testing, insulation, stickability, EN 1992-1-2.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-junij-2015
1DGRPHãþD
SIST ENV 13381-3:2003
3UHVNXVQHPHWRGH]DXJRWDYOMDQMHSULVSHYNDNSRåDUQLRGSRUQRVWLNRQVWUXNFLMVNLK
HOHPHQWRYGHO=DãþLWDEHWRQVNLKHOHPHQWRY
Test methods for determining the contribution to the fire resistance of structural members
- Part 3: applied protection to concrete members
Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung des Beitrages zum Feuerwiderstand von tragenden
Bauteilen - Teil 3: Brandschutzmaßnahmen für Betonbauteile
Méthodes d'essai pour déterminer la contribution à la résistance au feu des éléments de
construction - Partie 3: Protection appliquée aux éléments en béton
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13381-3:2015
ICS:
13.220.50 Požarna odpornost Fire-resistance of building
gradbenih materialov in materials and elements
elementov
91.080.40 Betonske konstrukcije Concrete structures
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 13381-3
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2015
ICS 13.220.50; 91.080.40 Supersedes ENV 13381-3:2002
English Version
Test methods for determining the contribution to the fire
resistance of structural members - Part 3: Applied protection to
concrete members
Méthodes d'essai pour déterminer la contribution à la Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung des Beitrages zum
résistance au feu des éléments de construction - Partie 3: Feuerwiderstand von tragenden Bauteilen - Teil 3:
Protection appliquée aux éléments en béton Brandschutzmaßnahmen für Betonbauteile
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 8 November 2014.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13381-3:2015 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .5
1 Scope .7
2 Normative references .7
3 Terms and definitions, symbols and units .8
3.1 Terms and definitions .8
3.2 Symbols and units .9
4 Test equipment . 10
4.1 General . 10
4.2 Furnace . 10
4.3 Loading equipment . 10
5 Test conditions . 10
5.1 General . 10
5.2 Support and restraint conditions . 11
5.2.1 Standard support and restraint conditions . 11
5.2.2 Other support and restraint conditions . 11
5.3 Loading conditions . 11
6 Test specimens . 12
6.1 Type and number of test specimens . 12
6.1.1 Type of test specimens . 12
6.1.2 Number of test specimens . 12
6.2 Size of test specimens . 13
6.2.1 Concrete slabs . 13
6.2.2 Concrete beams . 13
6.3 Construction of concrete test specimens . 14
6.3.1 Concrete slab test members . 14
6.3.2 Concrete beam test members . 14
6.3.3 Fabrication of concrete test members . 14
6.3.4 Application of fire protection material (except ceiling) to concrete test member . 15
6.3.5 Installation of a ceiling below the concrete slab . 15
6.4 Composition of test specimen component materials . 16
6.4.1 Concrete . 16
6.4.2 Steel reinforcement . 16
6.4.3 Fire protection system . 16
6.5 Properties of test materials . 16
6.5.1 General . 16
6.5.2 Concrete . 16
6.5.3 Steel reinforcement . 17
6.5.4 Fire protection materials . 17
6.6 Verification of the test specimen . 17
7 Installation of the test construction . 18
7.1 Concrete large slab test specimens . 18
7.2 Concrete small slab test specimens . 18
7.3 Concrete beam test specimens . 18
8 Conditioning . 18
9 Application of instrumentation . 19
9.1 General . 19
9.2 Instrumentation for measurement of furnace temperature . 19
9.2.1 Slab specimens . 19
9.2.2 Beam specimens . 19
9.3 Instrumentation for the measurement of test specimen temperature . 19
9.3.1 General . 19
9.3.2 Large and small concrete slab test specimens . 20
9.3.3 Beams . 20
9.3.4 Equivalent locations as referred to in 11.2 are: . 21
9.4 Instrumentation for the measurement of pressure . 22
9.5 Instrumentation for the measurement of deformation . 22
9.6 Instrumentation for the measurement of applied load . 22
10 Test procedure . 22
10.1 General . 22
10.2 Furnace temperature and pressure . 22
10.3 Application and control of load . 22
10.4 Temperature of test specimen . 23
10.5 Deformation . 23
10.6 Observations . 23
10.7 Termination of test . 23
11 Test results . 23
11.1 Acceptability of test results . 23
11.2 Presentation of test results . 24
12 Test report . 25
13 Assessment . 25
13.1 General . 25
13.2 Concrete slabs . 26
13.3 Concrete beams . 26
13.4 Insulation . 27
13.5 Stickability . 27
13.6 Equivalent thickness of concrete . 27
14 Report of the assessment . 27
15 Limits of applicability of the results of the assessment . 28
16 Additional limits of applicability of the results of the assessment for suspended ceilings

used as protection system . 30
16.1 Height of the cavity . 30
16.2 Exposed width of test specimen . 30
16.3 Properties of the horizontal protective membrane . 30
16.4 Size of panels within the horizontal protective membrane . 30
16.5 Fixtures and fittings . 30
16.6 Gaps between grid members and test frame or walls . 31
Annex A (normative) Test method to the smouldering fire or slow heating curve . 44
A.1 Introduction . 44
A.2 Evaluation of the results . 44
Annex B (normative) Measurement of properties of fire protection materials . 46
B.1 General . 46
B.2 Thickness of fire protection materials . 46
B.3 Density of applied fire protection materials . 47
B.3.1 General . 47
B.4 Moisture content of applied fire protection materials . 48
Annex C (normative) Equivalent thickness of concrete . 49
C.1 General . 49
C.1.1 General . 49
C.1.2 Equivalent thickness of concrete slabs - preliminary data collection . 49
C.1.3 Equivalent thickness of concrete beams - preliminary data collection . 49
C.2 Equivalent thickness of concrete slabs and beams - assessment methodology . 50
Annex D (normative) Calculation of stresses in standard concrete structures . 58
D.1 General . 58
D.2 Relevant concrete structures . 58
D.3 Distribution of stresses across the section of the concrete structures . 58
D.4 Mechanical study . 59
D.4.1 Equilibrium of external forces . 59
D.4.2 Determination of the position of the neutral axis (x) . 59
D.4.3 Determination of the quadratic modulus . 60
D.4.4 Determination of stresses in reinforcement bars and concrete . 60
Annex E (informative) Calculation of the load to apply on concrete member . 63
E.1 Remind and scheme . 63
E.2 Calculation of the force of the spring for a loaded beam . 63
E.3 Calculation of the force of the spring for a loaded large slab . 64
Bibliography . 66

Foreword
This document (EN 13381-3:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 127 “Fire safety in
buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2015 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by October 2015.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes ENV 13381-3:2002.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of 89/106/EEC.
The dimension tolerances regarding the manufacturing of the specimen indicated in the ENV 13381-3:2002
led to tensile stress values of 290 +/- 30 N/mm² in the reinforcement bars depending on the type of structural
member. In order to harmonize the mechanical constraint applied on the structural member, the bending
moment has been modified to produce the same tensile stress on reinforcement bars equal to 300 N/mm².
This value is corresponding to 60 % of the grade of the steel to be used. Due to this approach, the result of
tests carried out according to ENV 13381-3:2002 can be taken into account for assessment according to the
present document.
In comparison with ENV 13381-3:2002, the following significant changes have been made:
— the bending moment has been modified to be adapted to the thickness of the slab;
— the location of thermocouple used within beams for the calculation of equivalent thickness of concrete is
now at 25 mm away from the beam bottom corner instead of 55 mm;
— the graphs to be used for the determination of equivalent concrete thickness for slabs has been improved
and extended and is directly available in the standard.
This European Standard is one of a series of standards for evaluating the contribution to the fire resistance of
structural members by applied fire protection materials. The other parts of this standard are:
— Part 1: Horizontal protective membranes
— Part 2: Vertical protective membranes
— Part 4: Applied protection to steel members
— Part 5: Applied protection to concrete/profiled sheet steel composite members
— Part 6: Applied protection to concrete filled hollow steel columns
— Part 7: Applied protection to timber members
— Part 8: Applied reactive protection to steel members
Annexes A, B and C are normative.
Caution: The attention of all persons concerned with managing and carrying out this fire resistance test is
drawn to the fact that fire testing can be hazardous and that there is a possibility that toxic and/or harmful
smoke and gases can be evolved during the test. Mechanical and operational hazards can also arise during
the construction of test elements or structures, their testing and the disposal of test residues.
An assessment of all potential hazards and risks to health should be made and safety precautions should be
identified and provided. Written safety instructions should be issued. Appropriate training should be given to
relevant personnel. Laboratory personnel should ensure that they follow written safety instructions at all times.
The specific health and safety instructions contained within this standard should be followed.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies a test method for determining the contribution of fire protection systems to
the fire resistance of structural concrete members, for instance slabs, floors, roofs and walls and which can
include integral beams and columns. The concrete can be lightweight, normal weight or heavyweight concrete
and of all strength classes (e.g. 20/25 to 50/60 for normal strength concrete and for high strength concrete
55/67 to 90/105). The member is to contain steel reinforcing bars.
The test method is applicable to all fire protection materials used for the protection of concrete members and
includes sprayed materials, reactive coatings, cladding protection systems and multi-layer or composite fire
protection materials, with or without a gap between the fire protection material and the concrete member
This European Standard specifies the tests which are to be carried out to determine the ability of the fire
protection material to remain coherent and fixed to the concrete and to provide data on the temperature
distribution throughout the protected concrete member, when exposed to the standard temperature time
curve.
In special circumstances, where specified in national building regulations, there can be a need to subject the
protection material to a smouldering curve. The test for this and the special circumstances for its use are
detailed in Annex A.
The fire test methodology makes provision for the collection and presentation of data which can be used as
direct input to the calculation of fire resistance of concrete members in accordance with the procedures given
in EN 1992-1-2.
This European Standard also contains the assessment which prescribes how the analysis of the test data is to
be made and gives guidance to the procedures by which interpolation is to be undertaken.
The limits of applicability of the results of the assessment arising from the fire test are defined together with
permitted direct application of the results to different concrete structures, densities, strengths, thicknesses and
production techniques over the range of thicknesses of the applied fire protection system tested.
The test method, the test results and the assessment method are not applicable to structural hollow concrete
members.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 206, Concrete - Specification, performance, production and conformity
EN 823, Thermal insulating products for building applications - Determination of thickness
EN 1363-1, Fire resistance tests - Part 1: General Requirements
EN 1363-2, Fire resistance tests - Part 2: Alternative and additional procedures
EN 1992-1-1, Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures - Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings
EN 1992-1-2, Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures - Part 1-2: General rules - Structural fire design
EN 10080, Steel for the reinforcement of concrete - Weldable reinforcing steel - General
EN 12467, Fibre-cement flat sheets - Product specification and test methods
EN ISO 13943, Fire safety - Vocabulary (ISO 13943)
ISO 8421-2, Fire protection - Vocabulary - Part 2: Structural fire protection
3 Terms and definitions, symbols and units
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 1363-1, EN ISO 13943, ISO 8421-2
and EN 206 and the following apply.
3.1.1
concrete member
element of building construction which is loadbearing and is fabricated from concrete, defined according to
EN 206 and shall contain steel reinforcing bars
3.1.2
fire protection material
material or combination of materials applied to the surface of a concrete member for the purpose of increasing
its fire resistance
3.1.3
passive fire protection materials
materials which do not change their physical form upon heating and which provide fire protection by virtue of
their physical or thermal properties and may include materials containing water which, on heating, evaporates
to produce cooling effects
3.1.4
reactive fire protection materials
materials which are specifically formulated to provide a chemical reaction upon heating such that their
physical form changes and in so doing provide fire protection by thermal insulation and cooling effects
3.1.5
fire protection system
fire protection material together with a prescribed method of attachment to the concrete member
3.1.6
fire protection
protection afforded to the concrete member by the fire protection system such that the temperature throughout
the depth of the structural member and upon any steel reinforcing bars within it is limited throughout the period
of exposure to fire
3.1.7
test specimen
concrete slab or beam test member plus the fire protection system under test
3.1.8
fire protection thickness
thickness of a single layer fire protection system or the combined thickness of all layers of a multilayer fire
protection system, excluding the width or height of supporting profiles, clips and other fixings
3.1.9
stickability
ability of a fire protection material to remain sufficiently coherent and in position for a well defined range of
deformations, furnace and test specimen surface temperatures, such that its ability to provide fire protection is
not significantly impaired
3.1.10
critical temperature
temperature at which failure is expected to occur in steel reinforcement within the concrete at a given load
level
3.1.11
lathing
mechanical fixing aids comprising non-combustible wires or similar constructions fixed to the concrete before
sprayed fire protection material is applied
3.1.12
adhesive bond promoter
material applied to the surface of the concrete, prior to application of the fire protection material, for promotion
of increased bonding
3.1.13
equivalent thickness of concrete
theoretical thickness of concrete which provides the same thermal insulation for a given period of test as does
the given thickness of the applied fire protection system
Note 1 to entry : Care shall be taken to ensure when using "equivalent thickness" that in the practical situation the
concrete thickness will not be reduced by spalling, etc.
3.1.14
characteristic temperature
average of the mean temperature and the maximum individual temperature [(mean + maximum)/2] for each
thermocouple group at equivalent location defined in 9.3.4
3.2 Symbols and units
Symbol Unit Designation
L mm Length of the test specimen exposed to the furnace
exp
L mm Centre to centre distance between the test specimen supports
sup
L
mm Total length of the test specimen
spec
W mm Width of the test specimen exposed to the furnace
exp
h mm Thickness of concrete slab or height of concrete beam specimen
l mm Distance of loading points from the specimen support points
sup
P kN Loading applied to the slab or beam test specimen
θ °C Characteristic temperature
θ
°C Critical temperature as specified in EN 1992-1-2
crit
d mm Depth in concrete
d mm Depth in concrete at which chosen θ is noted
θ crit
d mm Thickness of fire protection material: d is minimum thickness and
p p(min)
d is maximum applied thickness of fire protection material
p(max)
Δθ °C Temperature rise, as a function of time
CL
d mm Depth in unprotected concrete slab at which Δθ is noted [used in
cc CL
Annex C]
d mm Depth in protected concrete at which temperature rise Δθ(d ,t) is
cp cp
measured at time t
Δθ(d t) °C Temperature rise measured in protected concrete at measured depth d
cp, cp
f N/mm Yield strength of steel as defined in EN 10080
y
ε mm Equivalent concrete thickness
4 Test equipment
4.1 General
The furnace and test equipment shall be as specified in EN 1363-1.
4.2 Furnace
The furnace shall be designed to permit the dimensions of the test specimen to be exposed to heating to be
as specified in 6.2 and its installation to be as specified in Clause 7.
4.3 Loading equipment
Loading shall be applied according to EN 1363-1. The loading system shall permit loading, of the magnitude
defined in 5.3, to be applied along the length and width of the test specimen.
The loading equipment shall not inhibit the free movement of air above the test specimen and no part of the
loading equipment, other than at the loading points, shall be closer than 60 mm to the unexposed surface of
the test specimen.
5 Test conditions
5.1 General
Test specimens, subjected to predefined loading, are heated upon a furnace in horizontal orientation to
provide information on each of the following:
— the temperature distribution within the concrete test member;
— the behaviour of the fire protection system and its stickability;
— the behaviour of the test specimen with respect to specified performance criteria.
It is recommended that the test be continued until the mean temperature upon the main reinforcing bars within
the concrete reaches 700 °C, or any single maximum value of 750 °C is recorded, to give the necessary
information on the stickability of the fire protection system. However, these temperatures may be modified if
requested by the sponsor, with possible consequences on the application field.
If the recommended termination temperatures are not reached after 6 hours test duration, the test shall
normally be terminated.
The procedures given in EN 1363-1 and, if applicable, EN 1363-2, shall be followed in the performance of this
test method unless specific contrary instruction is given herein.
5.2 Support and restraint conditions
5.2.1 Standard support and restraint conditions
Concrete slab test specimens shall be tested as a simply supported one way structure with two free edges
and an exposed surface and span as defined in 6.2.
Concrete beam test specimens shall be tested simply supported. The test arrangement shall provide lateral
stability.
The concrete slab or beam test member shall be installed onto the furnace to allow freedom for longitudinal
movement and deformation using at one side rolling support(s) and at the other hinge support(s).
The surface of the bearings shall be smooth concrete or steel plates. The width of the bearings shall be the
minimum representative of practice.
5.2.2 Other support and restraint conditions
If the support and restraint conditions differ from the standard conditions specified in 5.2.1, these conditions
shall be described in the test report and the validity of the test results shall be restricted to those tested.
5.3 Loading conditions
Loading shall be applied to all test specimens.
The magnitude and distribution of the load (P) applied to the specimen shall be calculated taking into account
the dead-weight of the specimen (measured or derived by calculation from samples of the components, see
6.5.1) and the weight of load distribution beams or plates, as follows.
The bending moments produced at mid-span of the specimens shall be calculated according to the formula in
Annex D, in order to produce a tensile stress in the lower reinforcement bars of the standard concrete test
structures equal to 300 MPa.
For concrete slab test specimens the line load shall be symmetrically applied to the test specimen along two
) from each of the supports. The proportion of the total
transverse loading lines, each one at a distance (l
sup
load applied at each loading position shall be as specified in Figure 1 (small slab test specimen) and Figure 2
(large slab test specimen). The load shall produce stresses approximating to a uniformly distributed load on
the transverse loading lines.
For concrete beam test specimens the line load shall be symmetrically applied to the test specimen by a two
) from each of the supports. The proportion of the total load
point loading system, each one at a distance (l
sup
applied at each loading position shall be as specified in Figure 3. The load shall produce stresses
approximating to a uniformly distributed load on the transverse loading line.
Point loads shall be transferred to the test specimen through load distribution beams or plates (Figures 1, 2
and 3).
The total contact area between these and the concrete surface of the test specimen shall be as specified in
EN 1363-1, provided that the load distribution beam or plate chosen has a flexural rigidity large enough to give
the required distribution of the load.
Load distribution beams, for safety reasons, shall have a height to width ratio of < 1.
If the load distribution beams or plates are of steel or other high conductivity material, they shall be insulated
from the surface of the concrete test specimen by a suitable thermal insulation material.
Unexposed surface thermocouples shall not be closer than 100 mm to any part of the load distribution system
as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3.
6 Test specimens
6.1 Type and number of test specimens
6.1.1 Type of test specimens
The type of concrete test member used is determined by the type and practical situation to which the fire
protection system is to be used, i.e.:
a) fire protection systems to be used on flat, two dimensional concrete members only, such as slabs and
walls, are evaluated by carrying out the test on large concrete slabs;
b) fire protection systems to be used on beams and columns only, and subject to three and four sided
exposure, are evaluated by carrying out the test on concrete beams;
c) fire protection systems to be used on slabs, walls, beams and columns are evaluated by carrying out the
test on both concrete slabs and beams according to a) and b) above;
d) tests may be carried out, in addition to the large scale tests, on loaded small concrete test slabs to
provide additional test results for the fire protection system when:
1) it is to be applied to concrete of higher strength classes to evaluate the spalling behaviour;
2) the test is carried out to the smouldering curve (Annex A).
Test of intermediate thickness of protection system shall be performed on a loaded large specimen (beam
and/or slab) to get representative behaviour of the protection product, especially regarding the stickability and
influence of the deformation of the slab or beam on the thermal data.
6.1.2 Number of test specimens
Two full size loaded concrete members (either slabs or beams depending upon the end use as specified in
6.1.1 a) and 6.1.1 b) of the same concrete strength shall be tested.
To one member the minimum thickness of the fire protection system shall be applied and to the other member
the maximum thickness. If the fire protection system is only available in a single thickness, then one test on
one type of member only shall be carried out at that thickness.
In addition to the mandatory full size tests, following possibilities are available:
— An additional full size slab or beam may be tested with an intermediate thickness of the protection
system;
NOTE Such additional test could extend the application field, for instance to get a better result than the direct
interpolation method for equivalent concrete thickness, as given in Annex C.
To obtain further data, as defined in 6.1.1 d) loaded small size slab tests may be carried out:
— One such test shall be carried out with a specific thickness of the fire protection system requested by the
sponsor to cover in the application field a higher concrete strength (see Clause 15);
— The use of the small slab in the smouldering fire is given in Annex A.
6.2 Size of test specimens
6.2.1 Concrete slabs
The concrete test slabs shall be of the sizes specified in Table 1 and an example is given in Figure 1 (small
specimen) and Figure 2 (large specimen).
Table 1 — Sizes of concrete test slabs
small specimen large specimen
Exposed length (mm) L ≥ 1 300 and ≤ 2 300 4 000 minimum
exp
Span (mm) L ≥ 1 500 and ≤ 2 700 4 200 minimum
sup
(L +200) ≤ L ≤ (L +400) (L +200) ≤ L ≤ (L +500)
exp sup exp exp sup exp
[note] [note]
Specimen length (mm) L ≥ 1 700 and ≤ 3 000 4 400 minimum
spec
(L +400) ≤ L ≤ (L +700) (L +400) ≤ L ≤ (L +700)
exp spec exp exp spec exp
Exposed width (mm) W ≥ 1 000 and ≤2 000 ≥ 3 000
exp
Thickness (mm) h (140 -20/+10)
(140 -20/+10)
for higher strength class of
concrete however the concrete
thickness and the load shall be
adjusted so that the tensile
stress in the reinforcement
bars is at least 300 N/mm²
calculated in accordance with
Annex D by updating
parameter n to take into
account the features of the
high strength concrete.
Position of loading points (600 ± 10) (1 000 ± 10)
from support points (mm)
The distance between the exposed part of the test specimen and the supports shall be kept as
small as possible. For tests of short duration (less than 240 minutes), a distance of 100 mm at
either end is recommended. For tests of longer duration, this could be increased to 250 mm at
either end, to protect the test equipment from heat damage.
6.2.2 Concrete beams
The concrete test beams shall be of a size such that an overall exposed length (L ) not less than
exp
4 000 mm is obtained.
The span (L ) shall not be greater than the exposed length by more than 250 mm at each end.
sup
The total specimen length (L ) shall be not greater than the exposed length by more than 350 mm at each
spec
end.
The beam shall be of height (450 ± 10) mm and width (150 ± 10) mm.
The position of the loading points from the support points (l ) shall be (1 000 ± 10) mm.
sup
The beam construction is shown in Figure 3.
6.3 Construction of concrete test specimens
6.3.1 Concrete slab test members
Concrete slab test members shall contain a reinforcing mesh, which may comprise single reinforcement bars
tied together with lashing wire or a prefabricated "welded fabric" mesh.
The mesh (placed towards the exposed surface and protected by the fire protection material) shall comprise
10,0 mm diameter ribbed bars for the large slab and 8,0 mm diameter ribbed bars for the small slab. The
permitted tolerances on dimensions of reinforcing bars are given in EN 10080.
For the slab test member, an upper mesh, at the unexposed surface, shall be used. It shall comprise 6,0 mm
diameter ribbed bars.
Reinforcing bars shall be centred (150 ± 10) mm apart in both directions. The position of the main reinforcing
bars with respect to the exposed and unexposed concrete surfaces shall be ensured by the use of spacers,
either plastic or concrete, such that the concrete cover obtained is
(20 ± 2) mm.
The actual position of the main reinforcing bars at the exposed and unexposed surfaces and the position of
the thermocouples specified in 9.3 shall be accurately adjusted just before the casting of the concrete
member.
6.3.2 Concrete beam test members
Each concrete beam test member shall contain four ribbed reinforcing bars of 12 mm diameter, fixed with
8,0 mm diameter stirrups at (200 ± 10) mm centres. The permitted tolerances on dimensions of reinforcing
bars are given in EN 10080.
The position of the 12 mm reinforcing bars with respect to the concrete surface shall be ensured by the use of
spacers, either plastic or concrete, such that the concrete cover obtained is
(25,0 ± 2) mm.
The actual position of the reinforcing bars at the concrete surface shall be accurately measured and recorded
after the tes
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