prEN 18146

Railway applications - Infrastructure - Machines without rail wheels, and associated equipment, intended for work on railway infrastructure - Technical and safety requirements for working

1.1   General
This document specifies the requirements for machines and associated equipment, without rail-wheels, designed and intended for work on railway infrastructure, henceforward referred to as ‘MWR’. This document also covers MWR intended for use on urban rail infrastructure. The types of MWR covered by this document also include:
-   MWR with power driven mechanisms;
-   MWR with manually driven mechanisms;
-   hand held machines (with ability to attach to track).
NOTE 1   Railway maintenance and infrastructure inspection machines fitted with rail-wheels are dealt with in other European standards, see CEN/TR 17498:2020.
This document specifies the requirements to deal with the common hazards during transport, assembly and installation, commissioning, working, including setting up, programming, and process changeover, operation, cleaning, fault finding, maintenance and decommissioning of MWR and associated equipment when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable.
The requirements set out in this document are intended to control the hazards associated with the engineering aspects of MWR.
NOTE 2   It is anticipated that a safe system of work (see EN 16704-1:2017) will additionally be required.
NOTE 3   It is anticipated that the manufacturer of the MWR will comply with the Machinery Directive/Machinery Regulations.
1.2      Validity of this document
This document applies to all machines, which are ordered one year after the publication date by CEN of this document.
1.3      Additional application of this document
Infrastructure managers could use this document for certain aspects of a machine that has not been designed specifically for use in a railway environment where the design of these aspects assumes an additional safety relevance when used in a railway environment.

Bahnanwendungen - Infrastruktur - Maschinen ohne Schienenräder und zugehörige Ausstattung, vorgesehen für Arbeiten an der Bahninfrastruktur - Technische und sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen an den Arbeitseinsatz

Dieses Dokument legt die Anforderungen an Maschinen und zugehörige Ausrüstung ohne Schienenräder fest, die für Arbeiten an der Eisenbahninfrastruktur ausgelegt und bestimmt sind und im Folgenden als „MOS“ bezeichnet werden. Dieses Dokument gilt auch für MOS, die für den Einsatz in Schienennahverkehrinfrastrukturen vorgesehen sind. Die in diesem Dokument behandelten Arten von MOS umfassen auch:
-   MOS mit motorbetriebenen Mechanismen;
-   MOS mit manuell betriebenen Mechanismen;
-   Handgeführte Maschinen (mit der Möglichkeit der Gleisbefestigung).
ANMERKUNG 1   Schienengebundene Instandhaltungs- und Inspektionsmaschinen werden in anderen europäischen Normen behandelt, siehe CEN/TR 17498:2020.
Dieses Dokument behandelt die Anforderungen zum Umgang mit allgemeinen Gefahren bei Transport, Zusammenbau und Installation, Inbetriebnahme, Einsatz, einschließlich Einrichtung, Programmierung und Umrüstung, Betrieb, Reinigung, Fehlerfindung, Instandhaltung und Außerbetriebnahme der MOS und der zugehörigen Ausrüstung, bei bestimmungsgemäßem Gebrauch und bei vernünftigerweise vorhersehbarer Fehlanwendung.
Die in diesem Dokument festgelegten Anforderungen sollen die mit den technischen Aspekten von MOS verbundenen Gefahren kontrollieren.
ANMERKUNG 2   Es wird erwartet, dass zusätzlich ein sicheres Arbeitssystem (siehe EN 16704-1:2016+A1:2021) benötigt wird.
ANMERKUNG 3   Es wird erwartet, dass der Hersteller der MOS die Maschinenrichtlinie/Maschinenverordnung einhält.

Applications ferroviaires - Infrastructure - Machines sans roues ferroviaires et équipements annexes destinés à l'infrastructure ferroviaire - Exigences techniques et de sécurité pour le travail

Le présent document spécifie les exigences pour les machines et équipements associés sans roues ferroviaires, conçus et destinés à travailler dans l'infrastructure ferroviaire, ci-après dénommés « MWR ». Le présent document couvre également les MWR destinés à être utilisés dans les infrastructures ferroviaires urbaines. Les types de MWR couverts par le présent document comprennent également :
-   les MWR avec mécanismes propulsés ;
-   les MWR avec mécanismes manuels ;
-   les machines portatives (avec possibilité de fixation à la voie).
NOTE 1   Les machines de maintenance ferroviaire et d'inspection des infrastructures équipées de roues ferroviaires sont traitées dans d'autres normes européennes, voir CEN/TR 17498:2020.
Le présent document spécifie les prescriptions pour traiter les phénomènes dangereux courants induits durant le transport, l'assemblage et l'installation, la réception, le travail, l'utilisation (y compris montage, programmation et changement des procédés), l'exploitation, le nettoyage, la localisation des défauts, la maintenance et la radiation des MWR et des équipements associés lorsqu'ils sont utilisés dans les conditions prévues et dans les mauvaises conditions d'emploi qui peuvent être raisonnablement anticipées.
Les exigences énoncées dans le présent document visent à contrôler les phénomènes dangereux associés aux aspects d'ingénierie des MWR.
NOTE 2   Il est prévu qu'un système de travail sécurisé (voir EN 16704 1:2016+A1:2021) sera également requis.
NOTE 3   Il est attendu que le fabricant de la MWR se conformera à la directive / réglementation sur les machines.

Železniške naprave - Infrastruktura - Stroji brez tirnih koles in pripadajoča oprema, namenjena za delo na železniški infrastrukturi - Tehnične in varnostne zahteve za delo

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Publication Date: 07-Dec-2026
• ICS: 45.120 - Equipment for railway/cableway construction and maintenance
• ICS: 93.100 - Construction of railways
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 256 - Railway applications
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 256/SC 1/WG 5 - Track construction and maintenance machines
• Current Stage: 4060 - Closure of enquiry - Enquiry
• Start Date: 03-Apr-2025
• Due Date: 14-Jan-2025
• Completion Date: 03-Apr-2025
• Ref Project: oSIST prEN 18146:2025 - Railway applications - Infrastructure - Machines without rail wheels, and associated equipment, intended for work on railway infrastructure - Technical and safety requirements for working

Overview

The European Standard prEN 18146:2025 sets out comprehensive technical and safety requirements for machines without rail wheels (MWR), including associated equipment intended for use in working on railway infrastructure. Developed by CEN/TC 256, this standard covers MWR types such as power-driven, manually operated machines, and handheld tools that may attach to railway tracks. It applies broadly to maintenance and construction tasks on conventional and urban rail infrastructure.

The standard addresses all stages of MWR lifecycle and operation-transport, assembly, commissioning, programming, maintenance, cleaning, fault finding, and decommissioning. It focuses on controlling engineering-related hazards and ensuring safety throughout the machine's use under intended and reasonably foreseeable misuse conditions. It complements other regulations such as the Machinery Directive and the safe work system standards like EN 16704-1:2017.

Key Topics

• Scope and Applicability
  Applies to all MWR machines ordered one year post-publication. It can also guide infrastructure managers regarding machines not initially designed for railway environments but that have safety-relevant design elements.

• Safety and Hazard Management
  Defines significant hazards associated with MWR operation including stability, operator protection, infrastructure damage, braking, and emergency stop procedures.

• Mechanical and Structural Requirements
  Details specifications on frame strength, movement envelopes, prevention of overturning, and interference with adjacent railway tracks.

• Ergonomics and Usability
  Emphasizes ease of operation, including cab design, walkways, standing and working places for operators to ensure ergonomic and safe interactions.

• Electrical and Power Supply Safety
  Covers safety protocols for electrical systems including traction batteries, internal combustion engines, hydraulic and pneumatic systems, electromagnetic compatibility, and protection against electrical hazards from overhead and conductor rails.

• Noise and Vibration Control
  Outlines requirements for noise emission measurement and reduction strategies to protect operators and the surrounding environment.

• Fire Safety and Emergency Measures
  Mandates fire risk assessments, provision of fire extinguishers, detection and suppression systems, and mechanisms for emergency stop and fault recovery.

• Handling, Transport, and Assembly
  Establishes precautions for lifting, site assembly, transportation (by rail and road), compatibility of attachments, and maintenance procedures.

• Specialized Equipment Requirements
  Addresses machines specifically designed for tasks such as handling rails, sleepers, track sections, and temporary clamping devices for rails, sleepers, and slab track panels.

Applications

The prEN 18146 standard is essential for:

• Railway infrastructure managers who oversee the safety and functionality of track maintenance and construction machinery.
• Manufacturers of MWR and associated equipment aiming to comply with European safety regulations and directives.
• Operators and maintenance personnel requiring guidance on the safe use, operation, and upkeep of MWR in railway environments.
• Safety assessors and regulatory bodies involved in evaluating railway worksite safety and equipment compliance.
• Urban rail infrastructure projects where non-rail-wheel machinery is used for maintenance or construction within complex rail networks.

By following prEN 18146, stakeholders can ensure machinery operates safely, minimizes risk of injury and infrastructure damage, and aligns with legal and operational standards across the European railway sector.

Related Standards

• CEN/TR 17498:2020 – Covers railway maintenance and inspection machines fitted with rail wheels, complementing prEN 18146 by focusing on a different equipment category.
• EN 16704-1:2017 – Specifies requirements for safe systems of work applicable to railway infrastructure activities.
• Machinery Directive (2006/42/EC) – Provides overarching machinery safety requirements manufacturers of MWR must comply with.
• Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standards – Relevant for electrical safety and interference control in electrically operated MWR.
• Noise and Vibration Standards – Related to occupational health regarding audible and vibration emissions from railway machines.

---

By integrating these technical and safety requirements, prEN 18146 reinforces the safe, efficient, and reliable use of non-rail-wheel machines in railway infrastructure operations, playing a crucial role in European railway maintenance and construction safety management.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2025
Železniške naprave - Infrastruktura - Stroji brez tirnih koles in pripadajoča oprema,
namenjena za delo na železniški infrastrukturi - Tehnične in varnostne zahteve za
delo
Railway applications - Infrastructure - Machines without rail wheels, and associated
equipment, intended for work on railway infrastructure - Technical and safety
requirements for working
Bahnanwendungen - Infrastruktur - Maschinen ohne Schienenräder und zugehörige
Ausstattung, vorgesehen für Arbeiten an der Bahninfrastruktur - Technische und
sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen an den Arbeitseinsatz
Applications ferroviaires - Infrastructure - Machines sans roues ferroviaires et
équipements annexes destinés à l'infrastructure ferroviaire - Exigences techniques et de
sécurité pour le travail
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 18146
ICS:
45.120 Oprema za gradnjo in Equipment for
vzdrževanje železnic oz. railway/cableway
žičnic construction and
maintenance
93.100 Gradnja železnic Construction of railways
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
January 2025
ICS 93.100
English Version
Railway applications - Infrastructure - Machines without
rail wheels, and associated equipment, intended for work
on railway infrastructure - Technical and safety
requirements for working
Applications ferroviaires - Infrastructure - Machines Bahnanwendungen - Infrastruktur - Maschinen ohne
sans roues ferroviaires et équipements annexes Schienenräder und zugehörige Ausstattung,
destinés à l'infrastructure ferroviaire - Exigences vorgesehen für Arbeiten an der Bahninfrastruktur -
techniques et de sécurité pour le travail Technische und sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen
an den Arbeitseinsatz
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 256.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2025 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 18146:2025 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 5
Introduction . 6
1 Scope . 7
1.1 General. 7
1.2 Validity of this document . 7
1.3 Additional application of this document . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 10
4 Hazards and categories. 10
4.1 List of significant hazards . 10
4.2 Examples of MWR . 11
5 Requirements and/or measures . 12
5.1 General. 12
5.2 Ease of operation . 12
5.3 Ergonomics . 12
5.4 Movement outside of stowed MWR envelope . 12
5.4.1 Stowing of moveable equipment when not in use . 12
5.4.2 Interference of adjacent tracks . 12
5.5 Stability and measures preventing overturning . 13
5.5.1 Stability against overturning . 13
5.5.2 Operator protection . 13
5.6 MWR frame and structure . 14
5.7 Infrastructure damage . 14
5.7.1 General. 14
5.7.2 Loads applied to the sleepers . 15
5.7.3 Loads applied to the ballast . 15
5.7.4 Loads applied to the formation . 16
5.7.5 Damage to other track components . 16
5.7.6 Access and egress to work area . 16
5.8 Braking . 16
5.9 Driving and working cabs and places . 17
5.9.1 Requirement to fit cab . 17
5.9.2 Remote control . 17
5.9.3 Windows . 17
5.9.4 Walkways on the machine . 17
5.9.5 Standing places . 18
5.9.6 Working places, information to users . 18
5.10 Pressurized systems . 18
5.10.1 Hydraulic systems . 18
5.10.2 Pneumatic systems . 18
5.11 Visibility and audibility of the MWR . 18
5.11.1 General. 18
5.11.2 Warning horn . 18
5.11.3 Colour and visibility - additional colours . 19
5.12 Power supply . 19
5.12.1 General . 19
5.12.2 MWR incorporating internal combustion engines . 19
5.12.3 Guidance for internal combustion engines specifically for use in enclosed locations . 20
5.12.4 Traction batteries . 20
5.13 Electrically operated MWR. 21
5.13.1 General . 21
5.13.2 Electrically powered MWR- safety devices . 21
5.14 Electrical protection . 21
5.14.1 Protection from Overhead Contact Line System - general . 21
5.14.2 Protection from overhead contact line systems - bonding . 21
5.14.3 Protection from electrical conductor rail(s) . 22
5.14.4 Protection from third rail and fourth rail electrification . 22
5.14.5 Protection against stray currents . 22
5.14.6 Antennas . 22
5.15 Electromagnetic compatibility . 22
5.15.1 Emissions from MWR . 22
5.15.2 Immunity of MWR from railway environment. 23
5.16 Safety related control systems . 23
5.16.1 Specific control systems . 23
5.16.2 Software . 24
5.17 Noise reduction . 24
5.17.1 General . 24
5.17.2 Noise emission measurement . 25
5.17.3 Information on noise emission . 25
5.18 Vibration . 25
5.19 Failure recovery . 25
5.20 Lifting and handling . 25
5.21 Site assembly . 26
5.22 Emergency stop . 26
5.23 Fuel tanks and hydraulic tanks gaseous tanks for fuel . 26
5.24 Protection from the risks of fire . 26
5.24.1 Fire risk assessment . 26
5.24.2 Portable fire extinguishers . 27
5.24.3 Fire detection and suppression systems . 27
5.25 Lighting . 27
5.26 Spillage . 27
5.27 General and railway specific attachments and demountable modules . 27
5.27.1 Compatibility assessment with MWR . 27
5.27.2 Attachments – Power supplies . 28
5.27.3 Attachments used for lifting . 28
5.27.4 Controls on the attachment . 28
5.28 Inspection and measuring equipment . 29
5.29 Transportation of MWR . 29
5.29.1 Transportation by rail vehicle . 29
5.29.2 Transportation by other means . 29
5.30 Safe system of use . 30
5.31 Maintenance and repair . 30
6 Requirements for particular types of MWR specifically designed or adapted for railway use
............................................................................................................................................................................. 30
6.1 MWR intended for handling rail . 30
6.2 MWR intended for handling sleepers and track sections . 30
6.3 MWR intended to be temporarily fixed to rail – clamping devices. 31
6.4 MWR intended to be temporarily fixed to sleepers – clamping devices . 31
6.5 MWR intended to be temporarily fixed to ballastless track (slab track panels) – clamping
devices . 31
6.6 Track jacks . 31
7 Marking and numbering of MWR . 32
7.1 Warning signs and pictograms . 32
7.2 Identification plate . 32
8 Instruction handbook. 32
8.1 General. 32
8.2 Technical description . 32
8.3 Instructions for use . 33
8.4 Restrictions of use . 34
8.5 Instructions for maintenance . 35
9 Verification of the conformity to the requirements and/or particular safety measures . 35
9.1 General. 35
9.2 Methods of examination . 35
9.2.1 General. 35
9.2.2 Visual check . 35
9.2.3 Measurement . 35
9.2.4 Functional test . 35
9.2.5 Load test(s) . 36
9.2.6 Specific verification and other controls . 36
Annex A (informative) Special national conditions . 37
Annex B (normative) Checklist for conformity . 38
Annex C (informative) MWR identification plate . 44
Annex D (informative) Examples of MWR . 45
Bibliography . 50

European foreword
This document (prEN 18146:2025) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway
applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.

Introduction
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered
are indicated in the scope of this document.
Machines Without Railwheels (MWR) as specified in 3.1 form the object of this document.
This document deals with railway specific risks of the MWR, as defined in Clause 4, when used on railway
infrastructure.
Deviations or special national conditions are dealt with in Annex A.
The hazards which exist in all mechanical, electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic and other components of
MWRs and which are dealt within other relevant European standards are not within the scope of this
document. Where necessary, references are made to appropriate standards of this type.

1 Scope
1.1 General
This document specifies the requirements for machines and associated equipment, without rail-wheels,
designed and intended for work on railway infrastructure, henceforward referred to as ‘MWR’. This
document also covers MWR intended for use on urban rail infrastructure. The types of MWR covered by
this document also include:
— MWR with power driven mechanisms;
— MWR with manually driven mechanisms;
— hand-held machines (with ability to attach to track).
NOTE 1 Railway maintenance and infrastructure inspection machines fitted with rail-wheels are dealt with in
other European standards, see CEN/TR 17498:2020.
This document specifies the requirements to deal with the common hazards during transport, assembly
and installation, commissioning, working, including setting up, programming, and process changeover,
operation, cleaning, fault finding, maintenance and decommissioning of MWR and associated equipment
when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable.
The requirements set out in this document are intended to control the hazards associated with the
engineering aspects of MWR.
NOTE 2 It is anticipated that a safe system of work (see EN 16704-1:2016+A1:2021) will additionally be
required.
NOTE 3 It is anticipated that the manufacturer of the MWR will comply with the Machinery Directive/Machinery
Regulations.
1.2 Validity of this document
This document applies to all machines, which are ordered one year after the publication date by CEN of
this document.
1.3 Additional application of this document
Infrastructure managers could use this document for certain aspects of a machine that has not been
designed specifically for use in a railway environment where the design of these aspects assumes an
additional safety relevance when used in a railway environment.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
Classification of fires
EN 2:1992,
EN 3 (all parts), Portable fire extinguishers
EN 280 (all parts), Mobile elevating work platforms

As impacted by EN 2:1992/A1:2004.
EN 474 (all parts), Earth-moving machinery — Safety
EN 547-2:1996+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Human body measurements — Part 2: Principles for
determining the dimensions required for access openings
EN 614-1:2006+A1:2009, Safety of machinery — Ergonomic design principles — Part 1: Terminology and
general principles
EN 614-2:2000+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Ergonomic design principles — Part 2: Interactions
between the design of machinery and work tasks
EN 12077-2:2024, Cranes safety — Requirements for health and safety — Part 2: Limiting and indicating
devices
EN 13977:2011, Railway applications — Track — Safety requirements for portable machines and trolleys
for construction and maintenance
prEN 14033-1:2024, Railway applications — Infrastructure — Railbound construction and maintenance
machines — Part 1: Technical requirements for running
prEN 14033-2:2024, Railway applications — Infrastructure — Railbound construction and maintenance
machines — Part 2: Technical requirements for travelling and working
prEN 14033-3:2024, Railway applications — Infrastructure — Railbound construction and maintenance
machines — Part 3: General safety requirements
EN 14033-4:2017, Railway applications — Track — Railbound construction and maintenance machines —
Part 4: Technical requirements for running, travelling and working on urban rail
EN 15746-1:2020, Railway applications — Track — Road-rail machines and associated equipment — Part
1: Technical requirements for travelling and working
EN 15746-2:2020, Railway applications — Track — Road-rail machines and associated equipment —
Part 2: General safety requirements
EN 15877-2:2013, Railway applications — Markings of railway vehicles — Part 2: External markings on
coaches, motive power units, locomotives and on track machines
FprEN 15955-1:2024, Railway applications — Infrastructure — Demountable machines, trailers and
associated equipment — Part 1: Technical requirements for travelling and working
FprEN 15955-2:2024, Railway applications — Infrastructure — Demountable machines, trailers and
associated equipment — Part 2: Safety requirements
EN 16704-1:2016+A1:2021, Railway applications — Track — Safety protection on the track during work.
Railway risks and common principles for protection of fixed and mobile work sites
EN 16860:2019, Railway applications — Requirements and general principles for securing payload in rail
freight transport
EN 17343:2023, Railway applications — General terms and definitions
EN 50121-2:2017, Railway applications — Electromagnetic compatibility — Part 2: Emission of the whole
railway system to the outside world
EN 50121-3-1:2017, Railway applications — Electromagnetic compatibility — Part 3-1: Rolling stock —
Train and complete vehicle
EN 50121-3-2:2016, Railway applications — Electromagnetic compatibility — Part 3-2: Rolling stock —
Apparatus
EN 50121-4:2016, Railway applications — Electromagnetic compatibility — Part 4: Emission and
immunity of the signalling and telecommunications apparatus
EN 50153:2014, Railway applications — Rolling stock — Protective provisions relating to electrical
hazards
EN 60204-1:2018, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General
requirements (IEC 60204-1:2016)
EN 60825-1:2014, Safety of laser products — Equipment classification and requirements (IEC 60825-
1:2014)
EN 61508-3:2010, Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related
systems — Part 3: Software requirements (IEC 61508-3:2010)
EN ISO 3449:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Falling-object protective structures — Laboratory tests
and performance requirements (ISO 3449:2005)
EN ISO 3450:2011, Earth-moving machinery — Wheeled or high-speed rubber-tracked machines —
Performance requirements and test procedures for brake systems (ISO 3450:2011)
EN ISO 3471:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Roll-over protective structures — Laboratory tests and
performance requirements (ISO 3471:2008)
EN ISO 4413:2010, Hydraulic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components (ISO 4413:2010)
EN ISO 4414:2010, Pneumatic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components (ISO 4414:2010)
EN ISO 11688-1:2009, Acoustics — Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and
equipment — Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995)
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk
reduction (ISO 12100:2010)
EN ISO 13849-1:2023, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General
principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2023)
EN ISO 13849-2:2012, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 2: Validation
(ISO 13849-2:2012)
As impacted by EN 50121-3-1:2017/A1:2019.
As impacted by EN 50121-3-2:2016/A1:2019.
As impacted by EN 50121-4:2016/A1:2019.
As impacted by EN 50153:2014/A1:2017 and EN 50153:2014/A2:2020.
As impacted by EN 60825-1:2014/A11:2021, EN 60825-1:2014/A11:2021/AC:2022-03 and EN 60825-1:2014/AC:2017-06.
EN ISO 13850:2015, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop function — Principles for design
(ISO 13850:2015)
EN ISO 14122-2:2016, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 2: Working
platforms and walkways (ISO 14122-2:2016)
EN ISO 14122-3:2016, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 3: Stairs,
stepladders and guard-rails (ISO 14122-3:2016)
EN ISO 19353:2019, Safety of machinery — Fire prevention and fire protection (ISO 19353:2019)
ISO 7010:2019, Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs — Registered safety signs
ISO 8755:2001, Commercial road vehicles — 40mm drawbar eye — Basic, mounting and interchangeability
ISO 12117-2:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Laboratory tests and performance requirements for
protective structures of excavators — Part 2: Roll-over protective structures (ROPS) for excavators of over
6 t
ISO 16754:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Determination of average ground contact pressure for
crawler machines
ISO 10265:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Crawler machines — Performance requirements and test
procedures for braking systems
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 17343:2023 and the following
apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
machine without railwheels
MWR
machines designed and intended for use in the railway environment which are not fitted with rail wheels
for movement along the track
Note 1 to entry: Rail wheels in this context mean profiled wheels for travelling and working along the rail head.
4 Hazards and categories
4.1 List of significant hazards
Hazards dealt with by this document are those presented by the following specific MWR functions when
undertaken in the railway environment:
— lifting;
As impacted by ISO 12117-2:2008/COR 1:2010 and ISO 12117-2:2008/A1:2016.
— excavation;
— rail maintenance and renewal;
— track maintenance including ballast tamping, ballast consolidating and renewal;
— overhead contact line system maintenance and renewal;
— snow clearing;
— maintenance of the components of the infrastructure;
— inspection and measurement of the components of the infrastructure;
— tunnel inspection/ventilation;
— emergency rescue and recovery;
— drainage;
— materials handling / movement.
This document does not have requirements for the following:
— working methods, quality of the work or performance of MWR;
— specific requirements established by the infrastructure manager or operator for the use of MWRs;
— operation subject to special rules, e.g. potentially explosive atmospheres;
— operation in severe working conditions requiring special measures, e.g. corrosive environments,
contaminating environments, strong magnetic fields;
— hazards due to natural causes, e.g. earthquake, lightning, flooding;
— use of MWR on or in combination with rail wheeled machines or vehicles (such combinations need
to meet the requirements of EN 13977:2011, prEN 14033-1:2024, prEN 14033-2:2024, prEN 14033-
3:2024, EN 15746-1:2020, EN 15746-2:2020 or EN 15955 as applicable).
This version of the document does not address hazards associated with artificial intelligence (AI) and
automated machine learning.
This document is written on the assumption that the choice of machine for use on railway infrastructure
will be identified by use of a risk assessment, based on Common Safety Method Risk Evaluation and
Assessment, EU/402/2013, and also that the manufacturer has designed the machine in compliance with
EN ISO 12100.
4.2 Examples of MWR
Examples, pictures of MWR are shown in Annex D.
5 Requirements and/or measures
5.1 General
MWR that are specifically designed or adapted for use in a railway environment shall comply with the
applicable requirements set out in Clauses 5 and 6, marked as set out in Clause 7 and be supplied with
documentation in accordance with Clause 8.
The intended use of the MWR and the conditions it is intended to be used shall be fully described in the
documentation, see 8.2, Table 3, line a).
The overall dimensions and mass of the MWR shall be fully described in the documentation, see 8.2,
Table 3, line b).
5.2 Ease of operation
The design of MWR shall, as far as is practicable, minimize the risk associated with misuse by
unauthorised persons and foreseeable misuse by authorized persons.
5.3 Ergonomics
MWR specifically designed and manufactured for use on railway infrastructure shall be designed in
accordance with the principles of EN 614-1:2006+A1:2009 and EN 614-2:2000+A1:2008.
5.4 Movement outside of stowed MWR envelope
5.4.1 Stowing of moveable equipment when not in use
Any moveable equipment/component on MWR, which has the capacity to go outside the stowed position,
shall be capable of being stowed in a manner which prevents accidental or unintended movement. All
such moveable parts and assemblies forming part of MWR shall have the capability to be stowed and to
resist the foreseeable forces encountered during their use on the railway infrastructure or during
transport. It shall be obvious to anyone checking MWR that these parts of MWR are in their stowed
position. Where MWR are transported on railway vehicles the locks shall comply with the accelerations
described in EN 16860:2019, 4.2.4.
NOTE Moveable equipment, in its stowed state, will not necessarily require any form of locking, this is decided
on the basis of a risk assessment.
All structural elements including moveable components (including covers and doors) shall resist forces
generated by the aerodynamic effects of passing trains inside a tunnel. A proof load case of a uniform
pressure load of 2,5 kPa without damage or permanent deformation. This load shall be applied on both
internal and external surfaces.
Small MWR that are susceptible to movement due to aerodynamic effects shall be described in the
documentation see 8.4, Table 5, line i).
5.4.2 Interference of adjacent tracks
MWR which are designed and intended to operate adjacent to railway lines open to traffic and are capable
of encroaching the operational railway line shall incorporate features to prevent accidental
encroachment by any part of MWR and associated attachments or loads. Such machines shall be labelled
as specified in Annex C and shown in Figure C.2.
NOTE 1 The dimensions for what constitutes ‘encroachment’ does not form part of this document and will need
to be declared by the infrastructure manager. Further advice is given in EN 16704-1:2016+A1:2021.
NOTE 2 Explanation: it is anticipated that individual infrastructure managers will specify their own operational
safety measures. The use of any machine or equipment near a railway line will need to be assessed for the possibility
of the machine or equipment to contact a passing train. Therefore, machines either are kept away far enough away
from the railway line so that they cannot encroach, or MWR with ability to detect where it is in relation to the railway
line and prevent its movements getting too close are used.
The control of movement to prevent inadvertent encroachment shall include control of movement of
components of the machine and control of movement of the whole machine. The intended safe system of
work shall be described in the documentation, this could be the requirement to position a physical barrier
between machine and track, see 8.3, Table 4, line a).
All devices that are intended to prevent unintentional encroachment of adjacent lines shall be failsafe, i.e.
no single failure shall permit the fouling of the adjacent line. There shall be a clear indication of that
failure. Where it is intended that the machine shall operate adjacent to lines open to traffic the movement
limiting devices shall be high performance limiting device as set out in FprEN 15955-2:2024, 5.40.
Devices that stop movement to prevent encroachment shall not permit the movement to recommence
once the stop system device is reset. It shall require a separate deliberate action to recommence
movement.
Where MWR relies upon spatial awareness to avoid encroachment the system for determining the
position and the MWR movement limiting device shall have the same integrity level as the high
performance movement limiting device as set out in FprEN 15955-2:2024, 5.40.3.
Where MWR has powered moveable components capable of moving outside the stowed profile of the
MWR, there shall be a means of direct communication between the operating position on the mobile
component and any other driving/operating position of the MWR. When one control position is in use, to
control the movement of components, all other control positions shall be disabled, with the exception of
the emergency stop devices.
Where it is possible to use a MWR adjacent to lines open to traffic by the additional use of safety measures
taken on site (e.g. barriers, safety posts), the additional safety measures necessary shall be stated in the
documentation, see 8.3, Table 4, line a).
If there are no control measures designed into the MWR the documentation shall state “Not to be used
next to lines open to traffic without additional suitable safety measures provided by the customer”, see
8.4, Table 5, line e).
5.5 Stability and measures preventing overturning
5.5.1 Stability against overturning
The manufacturer shall ensure that MWR do not overturn when in working configuration during their
intended use. MWR shall either be compliant to a relevant EN, e.g. EN 474, EN 280, etc., or shall comply
with EN 15746-1:2020, 5.6.
MWR intended for use for lifting, which have the potential for over-loading or over-turning, shall have an
RCI/RCL fitted in accordance with EN 12077-2:2024.
The intended use shall include consideration of moving to and from site as well as the working mode
operation. Access arrangements to the railway infrastructure shall be stated in the documentation see
8.3, Table 4, line c) and 8.4, Table 5, line d), (for example use on the ballast shoulder is normally an
unstable area, where additional equipment could be needed).
5.5.2 Operator protection
Machines with working positions on board, shall be fitted with a roll over protective structure (ROPS) to
protect the machine operator and other personnel in the cab, or enclosed area specifically for the
transport of personnel. The ROPS shall as a minimum comply with EN ISO 3471:2008 or
ISO 12117-2:2008.
Machines with power rating above 15 kW, where they are intended for use where there is a risk of falling
objects, shall be fitted with a falling-object protective structure (FOPS) compliant with EN ISO 3449:2008.
For machines with power rating above 15 kW, not specifically covered by EN ISO 3449:2008 the
corresponding FOPS protection shall be provided.
MWR that have the potential to eject matter (for example grinding, vegetation management or movement
of ballast) shall be guarded to protect the operator and adjacent personnel.
5.6 MWR frame and structure
MWR frames shall be able to withstand the forces predicted for the machine in its intended use up to the
maximum specified by the manufacturer.
For machines intended for transport by rail, attachment fixing arrangements shall meet the requirements
of 5.29.1.
5.7 Infrastructure damage
5.7.1 General
The wheels, tracks and supports of MWR shall not generate harmful stresses to the railway infrastructure.
NOTE 1 It is anticipated during the planning of work on rail
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