EN 12596:2014
(Main)Bitumen and bituminous binders - Determination of dynamic viscosity by vacuum capillary
Bitumen and bituminous binders - Determination of dynamic viscosity by vacuum capillary
This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of the dynamic viscosity of bituminous binders by means of a vacuum capillary viscometer at 60 °C in a range between 0,003 6 Pa⋅s and 580 000 Pa⋅s. Other temperatures are possible if calibration constants are known. Bituminous emulsions are not within the scope of this method.
NOTE 1 Emulsions containing bituminous binders are not considered to be covered by this method. This method can be used for stabilized and/or recovered binders obtained from emulsions.
NOTE 2 The viscosity behaviour of some polymer modified bitumens (PMB) is not demonstrated in a vacuum capillary viscometer. Other methods are more relevant.
WARNING - Use of this European Standard can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This European Standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this European Standard to identify the hazards and assess the risks involved in performing this test method and to implement sufficient control measures to protect individual operators (and the environment). This includes appropriate safety and health practices and determination of the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Bitumen und bitumenhaltige Bindemittel - Bestimmung der dynamischen Viskosität mit Vakuum-Kapillaren
Diese Europäische Norm legt ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung der dynamischen Viskosität von bitumenhaltigen Bindemitteln mit Hilfe eines Vakuum-Kapillar-Viskosimeters bei 60 °C im Bereich von 0,003 6 Pa s bis 580 000 Pa s fest. Andere Temperaturen sind möglich, wenn die Kalibrierkonstanten bekannt sind. Dieses Verfahren gilt nicht für Bitumenemulsionen.
ANMERKUNG 1 Emulsionen, die bitumenhaltige Bindemittel enthalten, gelten als von diesem Verfahren nicht betroffen. Das Verfahren kann auf rückgewonnene und/oder stabilisierte Bindemittel angewendet werden, die aus Emulsionen erhalten wurden.
ANMERKUNG 2 Das Viskositätsverhalten von einigen polymermodifizierten Bitumensorten (PmB) lässt sich mit einem Vakuum-Kapillar-Viskosimeter nicht darstellen. Andere Verfahren sind besser geeignet.
WARNUNG — Die Anwendung dieser Europäischen Norm kann den Umgang mit gefährlichen Substanzen und Ausrüstungsteilen und die Ausführung gefährlicher Arbeitsgänge einschließen. Diese Europäische Norm erhebt nicht den Anspruch, alle mit ihrer Anwendung verbundenen Sicherheitsprobleme anzusprechen. Es liegt in der Verantwortung des Anwenders dieser Europäischen Norm, die Gefahren zu identifizieren und die mit der Durchführung der Prüfung verbundenen Risiken zu beurteilen sowie geeignete Kontrollmaßnahem zu implementieren, um den Ausführenden (und die Umwelt) zu schützen. Dies beinhaltet einen angemessenen Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutz sowie die Klärung vor der Anwendung, ob einschränkende Vorschriften zu berücksichtigen sind.
Bitumes et liants bitumineux - Détermination de la viscosité dynamique par viscosimètre capillaire sous vide
La présente Norme européenne prescrit une méthode pour la détermination de la viscosité dynamique de liants bitumineux au moyen d’un viscosimètre capillaire sous vide à 60 °C dans un intervalle de 0,003 6 Pa•s à plus de 580 000 Pa•s. D’autres températures sont possibles si les constantes d’étalonnage sont connues. Le domaine d'application de la présente méthode ne comprend pas les émulsions de bitumes.
NOTE 1 La présente méthode est considérée comme ne s’appliquant pas aux émulsions contenant des liants bitumineux. Elle peut être utilisée pour les liants récupérés et/ou stabilisés obtenus à partir d’émulsions.
NOTE 2 Le comportement visqueux particulier de certains bitumes modifiés par des polymères (BMP) n’est pas mis en évidence dans un viscosimètre capillaire sous vide. D’autres méthodes sont plus appropriées.
AVERTISSEMENT — L'utilisation de la présente Norme européenne peut impliquer le recours à de produits, des opérations et des équipements à caractères dangereux. La présente Norme européenne n'est pas censée aborder tous les problèmes de sécurité concernés par son usage. Il est de la responsabilité de l'utilisateur d’identifier les dangers et d’évaluer les risques associés à la mise en oeuvre de cette méthode d'essai et de mettre en place des mesures de contrôle adaptées pour assurer la protection de chaque opérateur (et la protection de l'environnement). Ces mesures incluent des règles de sécurité et d’hygiène appropriées et la détermination de l'applicabilité des restrictions réglementaires avant utilisation.
Bitumen in bitumenska veziva - Določanje dinamične viskoznosti z metodo kapilare z vakuumom
Ta evropski standard določa metodo za določanje dinamične viskoznosti bitumenskih veziv z vakuumskim kapilarnim viskozimetrom pri 60 °C v razponu od 0.003 6 Pa . s do 580 000 Pa . s. Bitumenske emulzije niso zajete v tej metodi.
OPOMBA 1 Emulzij z bitumenskimi vezivi ta metoda ne zajema. Ta metoda se lahko uporablja za brezvodna veziva, pridobljena iz emulzij (stabilizirana in/ali ponovno pridobljena veziva).
OPOMBA 2 Viskoznost nekaterih veziv, modificiranih s polimeri (PMB) ni prikazana v vakuumskem kapilarnem viskozimetru. Druge metode so ustreznejše.
OPOZORILO – pri uporabi tega evropskega standarda so lahko prisotni nevarni materiali, postopki in oprema. Ta evropski standard ne obravnava vseh varnostnih težav, ki se nanašajo na njegovo uporabo. Za vzpostavitev ustreznih varnostnih in zdravstvenih praks ter za določitev uporabnosti regulativnih omejitev pred uporabo je odgovoren uporabnik tega evropskega standarda.
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.PHWRGRBitumen und bitumenhaltige Bindemittel - Bestimmung der dynamischen Viskosität mit Vakuum-KapillarenBitumes et liants bitumineux - Détermination de la viscosité dynamique par viscosimètre capillaire sous videBitumen and bituminous binders - Determination of dynamic viscosity by vacuum capillary91.100.50Veziva. Tesnilni materialiBinders. Sealing materials75.140Voski, bitumni in drugi naftni proizvodiWaxes, bituminous materials and other petroleum productsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12596:2014SIST EN 12596:2014en,fr,de01-december-2014SIST EN 12596:2014SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 12596:20071DGRPHãþDSIST EN 12596:2014
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 12596
November 2014 ICS 75.140; 91.100.50 Supersedes EN 12596:2007English Version
Bitumen and bituminous binders - Determination of dynamic viscosity by vacuum capillary
Bitumes et liants bitumineux - Détermination de la viscosité dynamique par viscosimètre capillaire sous vide
Bitumen und bitumenhaltige Bindemittel - Bestimmung der dynamischen Viskosität mit Vakuum-Kapillaren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 August 2014.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
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B-1000 Brussels © 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12596:2014 ESIST EN 12596:2014
EN 12596:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword ..............................................................................................................................................................3 1 Scope ......................................................................................................................................................4 2 Normative references ............................................................................................................................4 3 Terms and definitions ...........................................................................................................................4 4 Principle ..................................................................................................................................................5 5 Apparatus ...............................................................................................................................................5 6 Preparation of test samples ..................................................................................................................7 7 Procedure ...............................................................................................................................................7 8 Calculation ..............................................................................................................................................8 9 Expression of results ............................................................................................................................8 10 Precision .................................................................................................................................................8 11 Test report ..............................................................................................................................................9 Annex A (normative)
Specifications of viscometers .................................................................................... 10 Annex B (informative)
Calibration of viscometers ........................................................................................ 16 Annex C (informative)
Characteristics of thermometer................................................................................ 18 Bibliography ..................................................................................................................................................... 19
SIST EN 12596:2014EN 12596:2014 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 12596:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 336 “Bituminous binders”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2015 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 12596:2007. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. In comparison with EN 12596:2007, the following significant changes have been made: — the possibility to measure at other temperatures than 60 °C has been added to the Scope;
— changed/added wording of the Warning in the Scope; — the reference to mercury thermometer has been deleted (see subclause 5.2) and Annex C is informative; — subclause 7.2: an upper time limit for applicable viscometer has been added. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 12596:2014
EN 12596:2014 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of the dynamic viscosity of bituminous binders by means of a vacuum capillary viscometer at 60 °C in a range between 0,003 6 Pa„s and 580 000 Pa„s. Other temperatures are possible if calibration constants are known. Bituminous emulsions are not within the scope of this method. NOTE 1 Emulsions containing bituminous binders are not considered to be covered by this method. This method can be used for recovered and/or stabilized binders obtained from emulsions. NOTE 2 The viscosity behaviour of some polymer modified bitumens (PMB) is not demonstrated in a vacuum capillary viscometer. Other methods are more relevant. WARNING — Use of this European Standard can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This European Standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this European Standard to identify the hazards and assess the risks involved in performing this test method and to implement sufficient control measures to protect individual operators (and the environment). This includes appropriate safety and health practices and determination of the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 58, Bitumen and bituminous binders - Sampling bituminous binders EN 12594, Bitumen and bituminous binders - Preparation of test samples EN ISO 3696:1995, Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods (ISO 3696:1987) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 dynamic viscosity ratio between the applied shear stress and the velocity gradient Note 1 to entry: Dynamic viscosity is a measure of the resistance to the flow of a liquid and is commonly called the viscosity of the liquid. For the purposes of this European Standard, the word viscosity means the dynamic viscosity of a liquid. Note 2 to entry: The SI unit of dynamic viscosity is Pa.s. 3.2 Newtonian liquid liquid with a viscosity that is independent of the rate of shear Note 1 to entry: The constant ratio of the shear stress to the velocity gradient is the dynamic viscosity of the liquid. If this ratio is not constant, the liquid is non-Newtonian. SIST EN 12596:2014
EN 12596:2014 (E) 5 3.3 density mass of a liquid divided by its volume Note 1 to entry: When reporting density, the unit of density used, together with the temperature, is stated explicitly, for example kilogram per cubic metre. Note 2 to entry: The SI unit of density is kg/m3. 3.4 kinematic viscosity ratio between the dynamic viscosity and the density of a liquid at the temperature of viscosity measured Note 1 to entry: Kinematic viscosity is a measure of the resistance to flow of a liquid under gravity. Note 2 to entry: The Sl unit of kinematic viscosity is m2/s; for practical use, a sub-multiple (mm2/s) is more convenient. 4 Principle To determine the time for a fixed volume of the liquid to be drawn up through a capillary tube by means of a vacuum, under closely controlled conditions of vacuum and temperature. The viscosity is calculated by multiplying the flow time in s by the viscometer calibration factor. 5 Apparatus 5.1 Viscometer, capillary-type and made of borosilicate glass as described in 5.1.2 to 5.1.4. 5.1.1 General Calibrated viscometers are available from commercial suppliers. Details regarding the calibration of viscometers are given in Annex B. 5.1.2 Cannon-Manning vacuum capillary viscometer (CMVV) The CMVV is available in eleven sizes (see Table A.1), covering a range between 0,003 6 Pa„s to 8 000 Pa„s. Details of the design and construction of CMVV are shown in Figure A.1. The size numbers, approximate calibration factors, K, and viscosity ranges for the series of CMVV are given in Table A.1. For all viscometer sizes, the volume of measuring bulb C is approximately three times that of bulb B. Bulb B, bulb C and bulb D are defined by timing marks F, G and H. 5.1.3 Asphalt Institute vacuum capillary viscometer (AIVV) The AIVV is available in seven sizes (see Table A.2) from a range between 4,2 Pa„s to 580 000 Pa„s. Sizes 50 to 200 are best suited to viscosity measurements of bituminous binders at 60 °C. Details of design and construction of the AIVV are shown in Figure A.2. The size numbers, approximate capillary radii, approximate calibration factors, K, and viscosity range for the series of AIVV are given in Table A.2. This viscometer has measuring bulb, B, bulb C and bulb D, located on the viscometer arm, M, which is a precision bore glass capillary. The measuring bulbs are 20 mm long capillary segments defined by timing marks F, G, H and I. SIST EN 12596:2014
EN 12596:2014 (E) 6 5.1.4 Modified Koppers vacuum capillary viscometer (MKVV) The MKVV is available in five sizes (see Table A.3) covering a range between 4,2 Pa„s to 20 000 Pa„s. Sizes 50 to 200 are best suited to viscosity measurements of bituminous binders at 60 °C. Details of design and construction of the MKVV are shown in Figure A.3. The size numbers, approximate capillary radii, approximate calibration factors, K, and viscosity ranges for the series of MKVV are given in Table A.3. This viscometer consists of a separate filling tube, A, and precision-bore glass capillary vacuum tube, M. These two parts are joined by a borosilicate ground glass joint, N, with a 24/40 standard taper. Measuring bulb B, bulb C and bulb D, on the glass capillary are 20 mm long capillary segments, defined by timing marks F, G, H and I. 5.1.5 Holder, made by drilling two holes, 22 mm and 8 mm internal diameter, through a No. 11 rubber stopper. The centre-to-centre distance between holes shall be 25 mm. Slit the rubber stopper between the holes and between the 8 mm hole and edge of the stopper. When placed in a 51 mm diameter hole in the bath cover, the stopper shall hold the viscometer in place. For the MKVV the viscometer holder can be made by drilling a 28 mm hole through the centre of a No. 11 rubber stopper and slitting the stopper between the hole and the edge. Such holders are commercially available. 5.2 Temperature measuring device A temperature measuring device (combining sensor and reading unit) shall — have a range from at least 55 °C to 65 °C, — be readable to 0,05 °C or less, — have an accuracy of 0,2 °C. Sensors based on platinum resistance thermometers have been found suitable but other principles are also allowed. The thermal response time of the sensor shall be comparable with the former used reference (see informative Annex C). The temperature measuring device shall be calibrated regularly. A solid stem mercury thermometer (which used to be the former reference thermometer as described in Annex C) is also allowed if national regulations permit its use. The specified thermometers shall be standardized at total immersion; that is immersion to the top of the mercury column with the reminder of the stem and the expansion chamber at the top exposed to room temperature. The practise of completely submerging the thermometer is not recommended. When thermometers are completely submerged, corrections for each individual thermometer based on calibration under conditions of complete submergence are determined and applied. If the thermometer is completely submerged in the bath during use, the pressure of the gas in the expansion chamber will be higher or lower than during standardization, and can cause a high or low reading on the thermometer. It is essential that liquid-in-glass thermometers are calibrated periodically and those official corrections be adjusted as necessary to conform to any changes in temperature readings. The thermometer shall be read, estimating the reading to 0,
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