EN 1011-3:2018
(Main)Welding - Recommendations for welding of metallic materials - Part 3: Arc welding of stainless steels
Welding - Recommendations for welding of metallic materials - Part 3: Arc welding of stainless steels
This document gives general recommendations for the fusion welding of stainless steels. Specific details relevant to austenitic, austenitic-ferritic, ferritic and martensitic stainless steels are given in Annexes A to D.
Schweißen - Empfehlungen zum Schweißen metallischer Werkstoffe - Teil 3: Lichtbogenschweißen von nichtrostenden Stählen
Dieses Dokument enthält allgemeine Anforderungen für das Schmelzschweißen von nichtrostenden Stählen. Besondere Hinweise, die sich auf austenitische, austenitisch ferritische, ferritische und martensitische nicht¬rostende Stähle beziehen, sind in den Anhängen A bis D wiedergegeben.
Soudage - Recommandations pour le soudage des matériaux métalliques - Partie 3: Soudage à l'arc des aciers inoxydables
Le présent document donne des recommandations générales pour le soudage par fusion des aciers inoxydables. Des détails spécifiques aux aciers inoxydables austénitiques, austéno-ferritiques, ferritiques et martensitiques sont donnés dans les Annexes A à D.
Varjenje - Priporočila za varjenje kovinskih materialov - 3. del: Obločno varjenje nerjavnih jekel
Ta evropski standard podaja splošna priporočila za talilno varjenje nerjavnega jekla. Posebne podrobnosti, ki se nanašajo na avstenitno, avstenitno-feritno, feritno in martenzitno nerjavno jeklo, so navedene v dodatkih A–D.
General Information
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Overview
EN 1011-3:2018 - "Welding - Recommendations for welding of metallic materials - Part 3: Arc welding of stainless steels" (CEN) provides practical, general recommendations for the fusion arc welding of stainless steels. The standard complements EN 1011-1 (general guidance) and contains four informative annexes (A–D) with specific guidance for austenitic, austenitic‑ferritic, ferritic, and martensitic stainless steels. It is intended to help produce satisfactory welds and to identify welding‑related problems and avoidance measures.
Key topics and requirements
EN 1011-3:2018 addresses the following technical topics:
- Scope and normative references - references include EN ISO 5817, EN ISO 14175, CEN ISO/TR 15608 and EN ISO 15609‑1.
- Terms and definitions relevant to stainless steel welding (e.g., passive layer).
- Parent metal, storage and handling recommendations to avoid contamination and embrittlement.
- Welding consumables - selection criteria and gas recommendations for fusion arc processes.
- Fabrication and weld details - joint design, backing, and practical welding details to control heat input and metallurgical effects.
- Quality requirements of welds - defect control and acceptance criteria (to be used with applicable testing/acceptance standards).
- Distortion control - methods to minimise thermal distortion during fabrication.
- Post‑weld cleaning and treatment - guidance on cleaning, pickling, passivation and heat treatment where applicable.
- Annexes A–D - specific guidance for each stainless steel family covering chemical composition, microstructure, welding consumables, cracking risks, mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, distortion and post‑weld treatments.
Applications and who should use it
This standard is intended for professionals involved in stainless steel fabrication and welding, including:
- Welding engineers and procedure developers
- Fabrication and workshop managers
- Quality and inspection personnel
- Designers and specifiers creating welded stainless steel components
- Training instructors and technical procurement staff
Typical practical uses:
- Developing welding procedure specifications (WPS) for stainless steel components
- Selecting appropriate consumables, shielding gases and post‑weld cleaning methods
- Mitigating welding defects (hot cracking, sensitisation, loss of corrosion resistance)
- Ensuring consistent weld quality across industries that use stainless steels
Related standards
- EN 1011‑1 (General guidance for arc welding)
- EN ISO 5817 (Quality levels for imperfections)
- EN ISO 14175 (Welding gases)
- CEN ISO/TR 15608 (Material grouping guidelines)
- EN ISO 15609‑1 (Welding procedure specification - arc welding)
EN 1011-3:2018 is a practical reference for aligning arc welding practices with the metallurgical and corrosion behaviour of different stainless steel families.
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Schweißen - Empfehlungen zum Schweißen metallischer Werkstoffe - Teil 3: Lichtbogenschweißen von nichtrostenden StählenSoudage - Recommendations pour le soudage des matériaux métalliques - Partie 3 : Soudage à l'arc des aciers inoxydablesWelding - Recommendations for welding of metallic materials - Part 3: Arc welding of stainless steels77.140.20Visokokakovostna jeklaStainless steels25.160.10Varilni postopki in varjenjeWelding processesICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1011-3:2018SIST EN 1011-3:2019en,fr,de01-marec-2019SIST EN 1011-3:2019SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 1011-3:2001/A1:2004SIST EN 1011-3:20011DGRPHãþD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 1011-3
December
t r s z ICS
t wä s x rä s r Supersedes EN
s r s sæ uã t r r rEnglish Version
Welding æ Recommendations for welding of metallic materials æ Part
uã Arc welding of stainless steels Soudage æ Recommandations pour le soudage des matßriaux mßtalliques æ Partie
uã Soudage à l 5arc des aciers inoxydables
Schweißen æ Empfehlungen zum Schweißen metallischer Werkstoffe æ Teil
uã Lichtbogenschweißen von nichtrostenden Stählen This European Standard was approved by CEN on
s y September
t r s zä
egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Serbiaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey and United Kingdomä
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Rue de la Science 23,
B-1040 Brussels
t r s z CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
s r s sæ uã t r s z ESIST EN 1011-3:2019
Welding of austenitic stainless steels . 11 A.1 General . 11 A.1.1 Chemical composition . 11 A.1.2 Microstructure . 11 A.1.3 Types of austenitic stainless steel . 11 A.2 Welding aspects . 12 A.2.1 Welding details . 12 A.2.2 Welding consumables . 13 A.3 Consequences of welding . 13 A.3.1 Cracking . 13 A.3.2 Mechanical properties . 14 A.3.3 Corrosion resistance . 14 A.3.4 Distortion . 15 A.4 Post-weld treatment . 15 A.4.1 Heat treatment . 15 A.4.2 Cleaning . 15 Annex B (informative)
Welding of ferritic stainless steels . 16 B.1 General . 16 B.1.1 Chemical composition . 16 B.1.2 Microstructure . 16 B.2 Welding aspects . 16 B.2.1 Welding details . 16 B.2.2 Welding consumables . 17 B.3 Consequences of welding . 17 B.3.1 Cracking . 17 B.3.2 Mechanical properties . 17 B.3.3 Corrosion resistance . 17 SIST EN 1011-3:2019
Welding of austenitic-ferritic stanless steels . 19 C.1 General . 19 C.1.1 General . 19 C.1.2 Chemical composition . 19 C.1.3 Microstructure . 19 C.1.4 Types of austenitic – ferritic stainless steel . 19 C.2 Welding aspects. 19 C.2.1 Welding details . 19 C.2.2 Welding consumables . 20 C.3 Consequences of welding . 21 C.3.1 General . 21 C.3.2 Cracking . 21 C.3.3 Mechanical properties . 21 C.3.4 Corrosion resistance. 21 C.3.5 Distortion. 21 C.3.6 Porosity . 21 C.4 Post-weld treatment . 22 C.4.1 Heat treatment . 22 C.4.2 Cleaning . 22 Annex D (informative)
Welding of martensitic and martensitic-austenitic stainles steels . 23 D.1 General . 23 D.1.1 Chemical composition . 23 D.1.2 Types of martensitic and martensitic-austenitic stainless steel . 23 D.2 Welding aspects. 23 D.3 Consequences of welding . 24 D.3.1 Cracking . 24 D.3.2 Mechanical properties . 24 D.3.3 Corrosion resistance. 24 D.3.4 Distortion. 24 D.4 Post-weld treatment . 25 D.4.1 Heat treatment . 25 D.4.2 Cleaning . 25 Bibliography . 26
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3.1 passive layer thin, transparent and tightly adherent film on the surface of stainless steels which protects them against corrosive attack 3.2 stabilized/unstabilized stabilized steels contain additions of strong carbide/nitride forming elements, (usually titanium or niobium), which limit the formation of chromium carbides/nitrides, allowing the stainless steel to retain its corrosion resistance, particularly around grain boundaries 3.3 ferrite number number indicating magnetic attraction, relative to a series of reference samples and therefore, proportional to the ferro-magnetic phase content, approximately equal to ferrite (delta ferrite) content over the range 0 % to 10 % but more readily measured SIST EN 1011-3:2019
Welding of austenitic stainless steels A.1 General A.1.1 Chemical composition The chemical compositions of typical austenitic stainless steels are listed in EN 10088-1. These steels generally contain a minimum of 16,5 % chromium, with sufficient nickel and/or manganese, carbon and nitrogen to produce an austenitic microstructure. They may also contain additions of other elements such as molybdenum, nitrogen, titanium, niobium, copper, silicon, or sulphur to improve specific properties such as corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, or for machinability, etc. A.1.2 Microstructure The microstructures of austenitic stainless steels are governed by the balance of ferrite and austenite stabilizing elements, the principal ferrite stabilizing elements are chromium, molybdenum and silicon, while the principal austenite stabilizing elements are nickel, manganese, carbon and nitrogen. The structure which will form in the weld metal may be predicted from the balance of ferrite and austenite stabilizing elements, using e.g. a Schaeffler, DeLong, W.R.C. or ESPY diagram. Austenitic stainless steels consist of an austenitic matrix which, in certain grades, may contain small quantities of delta ferrite, the amount of ferrite increasing during welding without the addition of a filler metal. Other grades are fully austenitic and contain no ferrite, even after welding. Austenitic stainless steels are usually supplied in the solution annealed condition, which involves heating to approximately 1 050 °C, or higher, followed by rapid cooling to room temperature. Annealing results in softening of the steel and minimizes the delta ferrite content, so that even steels which form delta ferrite during welding will generally contain virtually no ferrite in the annealed condition. A.1.3 Types of austenitic stainless steel A.1.3.1 Standard austenitic stainless steels Most of the standard austenitic stainless steels are not fully austenitic but may form a small amount of delta ferrite after welding without the addition of a filler metal. The standard stainless steels in this category are still referred to as austenitic stainless steels, even when a small amount of ferrite is present, e.g. EN 10088-1 grades 1.4301, 1.4401, 1.4436. The carbon content of the standard austenitic stainless steels is normally less than 0,06 %. In order to minimize the formation of chromium carbides during welding, low carbon (<0,03 %) versions of many standard grades are produced, which also after welding are resistant against corrosion, e.g. EN 10088-1 grades 1.4307, 1.4404, 1.4432. Similar high corrosion resistance of standard grades may be obtained either through the additions of titanium, or niobium/tantalum, which combine with carbon, preventing the formation of chromium carbides during welding. These grades are referred to as 'stabilized' austenitic stainless steel, e.g. EN 10088-1 grades 1.4541, 1.4550, 1.4571. SIST EN 1011-3:2019
· 3 FN and a reduced risk of solidification cracking (see EN ISO 8249 for measurement of ferrite content). SIST EN 1011-3:2019
%) or by using stabilized (titanium, niobium/tantalum) steels and consumables. Contamination of the weld and heat affected zone (HAZ) should be avoided, to eliminate the risk of carbon and nitrogen pickup. Shielding gases containing more than 2,5 % CO2 should, therefore, by avoided, unless specifically recommended by the consumable manufacturer/supplier. To reduce the risk of intermetallic precipitation during welding, the heat input and interpass temperature should be kept low. SIST EN 1011-3:2019
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Frequently Asked Questions
EN 1011-3:2018 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Welding - Recommendations for welding of metallic materials - Part 3: Arc welding of stainless steels". This standard covers: This document gives general recommendations for the fusion welding of stainless steels. Specific details relevant to austenitic, austenitic-ferritic, ferritic and martensitic stainless steels are given in Annexes A to D.
This document gives general recommendations for the fusion welding of stainless steels. Specific details relevant to austenitic, austenitic-ferritic, ferritic and martensitic stainless steels are given in Annexes A to D.
EN 1011-3:2018 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 25.160.10 - Welding processes. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN 1011-3:2018 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN 1011-3:2000, EN 1011-3:2000/A1:2003. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
You can purchase EN 1011-3:2018 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of CEN standards.
SIST EN 1011-3:2019 문서는 스테인리스 강의 융합 용접에 대한 일반적인 권장 사항을 제공합니다. 이 표준은 오스테나이트계, 오스테나이트-퍼라이트계, 페라이트계 및 마르텐사이트계 스테인리스 강에 대한 구체적인 세부 사항을 부록 A에서 D까지 제공합니다. 이 표준의 주요 강점 중 하나는 스테인리스 강의 다양한 유형별로 맞춤형 정보를 제공하는 것입니다. 이를 통해 용접 엔지니어와 기술자는 각 특성에 맞는 적절한 용접 방법을 선택할 수 있습니다. 특히, 오스테나이트계 강의 용접에서 발생할 수 있는 문제와 그 해결 방법을 명확히 제시하고 있어 현실적인 접근이 가능합니다. 또한, 이 표준은 금속 재료의 용접 품질을 향상시키기 위한 권장 사항을 포함하고 있어, 산업 전반에 걸쳐 널리 활용될 수 있는 점에서 큰 의미가 있습니다. 스테인리스 강을 사용하는 여러 산업 분야, 예를 들어, 자동차, 항공 우주, 화학 플랜트 등에서 이 표준의 적용은 필수적입니다. EN 1011-3:2018의 적용 가능성은 다양한 스테인리스 강의 용접 요구 사항에 대한 포괄적인 이해를 바탕으로 하며, 이를 통해 안전하고 효율적인 용접 작업을 수행할 수 있게 합니다. 이러한 점에서 이 문서는 현대 산업에서 필수적인 표준이라고 할 수 있습니다. 전체적으로 보았을 때, SIST EN 1011-3:2019는 스테인리스 강 용접에 대한 권장 사항을 체계적으로 정리하고 있으며, 이로 인해 보다 신뢰할 수 있는 용접 품질을 보장할 수 있는 중요한 기준이 됩니다.
La norme SIST EN 1011-3:2019 fournit des recommandations essentielles pour le soudage à l'arc des matériaux métalliques, en se concentrant particulièrement sur les aciers inoxydables. Son champ d'application englobe les méthodes de soudage fusion de ces matériaux, offrant une référence inestimable pour les professionnels de l'industrie souhaitant garantir la qualité et la durabilité de leurs soudures. Parmi les points forts de cette norme, on note sa couverture exhaustive des différents types d'aciers inoxydables. Les détails spécifiques relatifs aux aciers inoxydables austénitiques, austénitiques-ferritiques, ferritiques et martensitiques sont clairement exposés dans les annexes A à D, ce qui permet aux soudeurs d'adapter leurs techniques en fonction des caractéristiques de chaque type d'acier. Cette spécificité est cruciale pour optimiser le processus de fusion et minimiser les risques de défauts d’assemblage. La pertinence de la norme SIST EN 1011-3:2019 est renforcée par son alignement avec les exigences techniques actuelles de l'industrie. En intégrant des recommandations fondées sur des recherches approfondies et des pratiques éprouvées, elle contribue à l'amélioration continue des techniques de soudage. Cela permet aux professionnels de se conformer aux normes de sécurité et de qualité tout en répondant aux attentes du marché. En résumé, la norme SIST EN 1011-3:2019 s'avère être un outil décisif pour le soudage des aciers inoxydables, grâce à sa couverture détaillée et à ses recommandations pertinentes qui répondent aux défis modernes rencontrés par les spécialistes du soudage.
SIST EN 1011-3:2019の標準は、金属材料の溶接に関する推奨事項を提供し、特にステンレス鋼のアーク溶接に焦点を当てています。この標準の範囲は、オーステナイト系、オーステナイト-フェライト系、フェライト系、およびマルテンサイト系のステンレス鋼の融合溶接に関する一般的な推奨を含んでおり、付属文書AからDには各素材に特有の詳細が記載されています。 この標準の強みは、幅広いステンレス鋼の種類に対応している点にあります。異なるステンレス鋼の特性を考慮に入れた推奨が与えられているため、溶接技術者は特定の材料に最適なプロセスを選択することができます。また、標準は業界のベストプラクティスを反映しており、品質の高い溶接接合を実現するための基礎を提供します。 さらに、SIST EN 1011-3:2019は、溶接工程における安全性や効率性の向上にも寄与します。この標準に従うことで、溶接不良のリスクを軽減することができ、工程の信頼性を向上させることが可能です。そのため、製造業や建設業において、この標準は非常に重要な役割を果たします。 総じて、SIST EN 1011-3:2019は、ステンレス鋼のアーク溶接における指導原則を包括的に提供しており、溶接業界の標準としての意義が高いと言えます。
Die Norm EN 1011-3:2018 bietet umfassende Empfehlungen für das Fusionsschweißen von rostfreien Stählen. Ihr Anwendungsbereich erstreckt sich über verschiedene Arten von Edelstahl, einschließlich austenitischer, austenitisch-ferritischer, ferritischer und martensitischer Stähle, die in den Anhängen A bis D detailliert behandelt werden. Dies zeigt die Tiefe und Spezifität der Norm, die sowohl für Fachleute als auch für Unternehmen in der Metallverarbeitung von großer Bedeutung ist. Ein entscheidender Vorteil dieser Norm liegt in ihrer Fähigkeit, klare Richtlinien für die Schweißverfahren zu bieten, die auf die unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften und Verhaltensweisen der verschiedenen Edelstahltypen abgestimmt sind. Dies fördert nicht nur die Qualität der Schweißnaht, sondern reduziert auch das Risiko von Schweißfehlern, die aufgrund unzureichender Anpassungen an das Material auftreten können. Darüber hinaus enthält die Norm wichtige Hinweise zur Prozesskontrolle und zu den wichtigsten Parameter, die beim Schweißen von Edelstahl berücksichtigt werden müssen. Diese Informationen sind besonders relevant für Unternehmen, die sicherstellen möchten, dass ihre Schweißarbeiten sowohl sicher als auch effizient sind. Insgesamt ist die Norm EN 1011-3:2018 ein unverzichtbares Dokument für Fachleute im Bereich Schweißen. Ihre präzisen Empfehlungen und umfassenden Informationen machen sie zu einem wertvollen Leitfaden für das Fusionsschweißen von rostfreien Stählen und tragen somit erheblich zur standardisierten Praxis in der Industrie bei.
The standard EN 1011-3:2018 provides crucial guidelines for the fusion welding of stainless steels, thereby addressing a significant need in the field of welding metallic materials. Its scope is comprehensive, as it differentiates the recommendations based on the type of stainless steel, encompassing austenitic, austenitic-ferritic, ferritic, and martensitic stainless steels across its detailed Annexes A to D. One of the strengths of this standard lies in its specificity; it goes beyond general recommendations by offering tailored advice that acknowledges the unique properties and challenges of each stainless steel type. This level of detail enhances the reliability of welding processes and promotes the integrity of welded structures made from these materials. Furthermore, EN 1011-3:2018 is relevant not only for welding experts and practitioners but also for industries that rely on high-performance applications where stainless steels are extensively used. By providing insight into effective welding techniques, pre- and post-weld treatments, and joint design considerations, the standard serves as a key reference for ensuring quality and safety in various applications, from construction to aerospace. Overall, EN 1011-3:2018 stands out as an essential document for those engaged in the welding of stainless steels, enhancing both understanding and execution of best practices in this important area of metallic materials.
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