EN 6072:2010

Aerospace series - Metallic materials - Test methods - Constant amplitude fatigue testing

This European Standard defines a method to determine constant amplitude fatigue data of metallic materials and the S N curve (or Wöhler curve).

Luft- und Raumfahrt - Metallische Werkstoffe - Prüfverfahren - Ermüdungstest mit konstanter Amplitude

Diese Europäische Norm legt ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Daten aus dem Ermüdungsversuch mit
konstanter Amplitude für metallische Werkstoffe und zur Erstellung der S-N-Kurve (oder Wöhlerkurve) fest.

Série aérospatiale - Matériaux métalliques - Méthodes d’essai - Essai de fatigue à amplitude constante

Cette Norme européenne définit une méthode destinée à déterminer les données relatives aux essais de fatigue à amplitude constante des matériaux métalliques et la courbe S-N (ou courbe de Wöhler).

Aeronavtika - Kovinski materiali - Preskusne metode - Preskus utrujanja z nespremenljivo amplitudo

Ta evropski standard določa metodo za določevanje podatkov utrujanja z nespremenljivo amplitudo kovinskih materialov in J-S krivulje (ali Wöhlerjeve krivulje).

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 22-Jun-2010
• Withdrawal Date: 30-Dec-2010
• ICS: 49.025.05 - Ferrous alloys in general
• ICS: 49.025.15 - Non-ferrous alloys in general
• Technical Committee: ASD-STAN - Aerospace
• Drafting Committee: ASD-STAN/D 4 - Metallic
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 23-Jun-2010
• Completion Date: 23-Jun-2010
• Ref Project: SIST EN 6072:2010 - Aerospace series - Metallic materials - Test methods - Constant amplitude fatigue testing

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2010
Aeronavtika - Kovinski materiali - Preskusne metode - Preskus utrujanja z
nespremenljivo amplitudo
Aerospace series - Metallic materials - Test methods - Constant amplitude fatigue testing
Luft- und Raumfahrt - Metallische Werkstoffe - Prüfverfahren - Ermüdungstest mit
konstanter Amplitude
Série aérospatiale - Matériaux métalliques - Méthodes d’essai - Essai de fatigue à
amplitude constante
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 6072:2010
ICS:
49.025.05 Železove zlitine na splošno Ferrous alloys in general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 6072
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
June 2010
ICS 49.025.05
English Version
Aerospace series - Metallic materials - Test methods - Constant
amplitude fatigue testing
Série aérospatiale - Matériaux métalliques - Méthodes Luft- und Raumfahrt - Metallische Werkstoffe -
d'essai - Essai de fatigue à amplitude constante Prüfverfahren - Ermüdungstest mit konstanter Amplitude
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 December 2009.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 6072:2010: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .3
1 Scope .4
2 Normative references .4
3 Terms and definitions .4
4 Principles of the method .5
5 Apparatus .5
6 Test specimens .5
7 Procedure .6
8 Analysis of test results .7
9 Test report .7
Annex A (normative) Axial Fatigue - Cylindrical specimen . 13
Annex B (normative) Axial Fatigue - Flat specimen (K ==== 1,0) . 17
t
Annex C (normative) Axial Fatigue - Flat specimen - "T-Type" and mini "T-Type" specimen
(K ==== 2,3) . 19
t
Annex D (normative) Bending Fatigue - Flat specimen . 21
Annex E (normative) Recommendations for machining procedure of specimen . 23
E.1 Cylindrical specimens . 23
E.2 Flat specimens . 26
Annex F (normative) Indication of failure sites . 29
Annex G (normative) Table of fatigue test results . 30
Annex H (normative) Representation of fatigue data . 31
Annex I (informative) Example of inspection card process . 32

Foreword
This document (EN 6072:2010) has been prepared by the Aerospace and Defence Industries Association of
Europe - Standardization (ASD-STAN).
After enquiries and votes carried out in accordance with the rules of this Association, this Standard has
received the approval of the National Associations and the Official Services of the member countries of ASD,
prior to its presentation to CEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn
at the latest by December 2010.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
1 Scope
This European Standard defines a method to determine constant amplitude fatigue data of metallic materials
and the S-N curve (or Wöhler curve).
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 286-1, ISO system of limits and fits — Part 1: Bases of tolerances, deviations and fits
ISO 965-1, ISO general-purpose metric screw threads — Tolerances — Part 1: Principles and basic data
ISO 1101, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Geometrical tolerancing — Tolerances of form,
orientation, location and run-out
ASTM E 466, Standard practice for conducting force controlled constant amplitude axial fatigue tests of
1)
metallic materials
1)
ASTM E 1823, Standard terminology relating to fatigue and fracture testing
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ASTM E 1823 and the following apply.
3.1 Direction of test samples
3.1.2
cylindrical specimens
the direction of the sample is identified by the following symbols:
L : Long (grain flow direction);
LT : Long Transverse;
ST : Short Transverse.
The directions of semi-finished products of rectangular cross section for rolled or extruded products and
forgings are identified on Figure 1.
The directions of semi-finished products of circular cross section for rolled products and forged rings are
identified on Figure 2.
3.1.2
flat specimens
designation for direction of these specimens is identical to ASTM designation:
Two letters separated by a dash:
First letter : direction of load
Second letter : direction of crack propagation
The directions of semi-finished products of rectangular cross section for rolled or extruded products and hand
forgings are identified on Figure 3.

1)
Published by: American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA.
The directions of semi-finished products of circular cross section for drawn or extruded products and hand
forgings are identified on Figure 4.
4 Principles of the method
See ASTM E 466.
5 Apparatus
See ASTM E 466 (calibrating to ISO 7500-1 is also acceptable).
6 Test specimens
6.1 General
Test specimens shall be prepared according to the requirements of the relevant Process or Material Standard.
6.2 Geometry
The geometry of test specimens is described in Annexes A to D.
6.3 Machining
6.3.1 Dimensional tolerances
Machining tolerances (according to ISO 286-1) on transverse dimensions: ISO js 12.
Form tolerances (according to ISO 1101) = ISO IT9.
Specimens shall be machined cold, without generating surface hardening nor appreciable heating of the metal.
Recommendations for machining procedure of specimens are given in Annex E for each type of specimen.
Final machining to comply with the tolerances and to obtain the surface finish required on the calibrated
section (see Annexes A to D).
6.3.2 Specimens to be heat-treated
The heat treatment should preferably be applied to the specimen blanks to avoid distortion, which cannot be
corrected by machining.
Final machining after heat treatment, in accordance with 6.3.1.
NOTE For steels treated to obtain a high UTS, it may be necessary to machine the specimens to the final dimensions
in the as-delivered condition and then protect them before heat treatment.
In general, the surface of steel and aluminium alloys specimens shall be:
— either protected against corrosion by an appropriate product,
— or machined only shortly before carrying out the test.
6.3.3 Grinding
Grinding of steel and titanium specimens shall only be carried out when a process is available which
guarantees no detrimental effects to the specimen surface, for example contamination.
6.4 Straightening
It is strictly forbidden to straighten a distorted specimen.
Such distortion can arise from heat treatment on specimens machined to their final dimensions.
The surface hardening generated by the mechanical equipment used to straighten the specimens affects the
mechanical properties and gives unrepresentative results.
7 Procedure
7.1 Number of specimens
A minimum of 10 fatigue specimens with valid results is necessary to determine a Wöhler curve.
Upon request, a static loaded specimen shall be performed.
7.2 Measurements of specimen dimensions
The dimensions of the test specimens shall be measured before testing and the results reported in the test
report (see Clause 9).
7.3 Test procedure
Load ratio R and K factor are given in the relevant Process or Material Standard.
t
The test frequency shall be not more than 170 Hz. For frequency greater than 50 Hz, it is advisable to carry
dynamic calibrations on test work.
The choice of load levels shall be done in order that test results can be regularly positioned on the S-N curve
4 6
between at least 10 and 3.10 cycles, so that a Wöhler curve can be raised. For qualification of materials,
cycling must not be stopped before 3.10 cycles, unless other conditions are specified. In case of non-failure
at 3.10 cycles (or more), specimen can be tested again at a higher load level that will lead to failure before
10 cycles. Test results must mention that specimen has been tested after a non-failure so that analysis can
take it into account.
NOTE For load ratio R < 0, it is recommended to use anti buckling equipment.
The breaking near the grip and the associated number of cycles shall be mentioned in the test report (see
Clause 9). In this case the specimen should be clamped again (if possible) and the test should be continued at
the same load level.
In order to check the reproducibility and friability of test machine, an example of inspection card is given in
Annex I.
8 Analysis of test results
8.1 Failure of specimens
After testing, specimens shall be examined. Failure type and sites shall be indicated (see Annex F).
8.2 Presentation of fatigue data
All the values measured and calculated from the specimens shall be reported in a table (see Annex G).
The cross section of the specimen, which has been used for calculation, shall be indicated.
8.3 Plot of the Wöhler curve
All the individual results shall be represented in a log (or semi-log) scale scheme: max. stress in MPa, σ,
versus Fatigue life, number of cycles, N (see Annex H).
The analysis of the test results shall generate a mean Wöhler curve with 50 % probability of failure, in addition
two curves for minimum and for maximum probability of failure.
9 Test report
The test report shall refer to the test method and shall include the following:
 Complete identification of the tested material including the manufacturers Name, Designation, and Batch
Number.
 All details relating to the preparation of the specimens.
 All relevant dimensions of the specimens.
 Date of test and traceability to the individual performing the test work.
 Conditioning.
...