FprEN 18120-10
(Main)Packaging - Design for recycling of plastic packaging - Part 10: Recyclability evaluation process for plastic packaging - Protocols for PET bottles
Packaging - Design for recycling of plastic packaging - Part 10: Recyclability evaluation process for plastic packaging - Protocols for PET bottles
This document provides requirements for the evaluation process for bottles predominantly made of PET with respect to compatibility of the design with recycling processes.
Packaging components and ancillary elements made of other materials than PET are also covered by this document as they need to be evaluated for compatibility with the recycling processes.
Verpackung - Recyclingorientierte Gestaltung von Kunststoffverpackungsprodukten - Teil 10: Verfahren zur Bewertung der Recyclingfähigkeit von Kunststoffverpackungen - Protokolle für Flaschen aus PET
Dieses Dokument enthält Anforderungen an den Bewertungsprozess für PET-Flaschen im Hinblick auf die Kompatibilität der Gestaltung mit den Recyclingprozessen.
Verpackungsbestandteile und Nebenelemente aus anderen Materialien als PET werden ebenfalls in diesem Dokument behandelt, da sie im Hinblick auf die Kompatibilität mit den Recyclingprozessen bewertet werden müssen.
Emballages - Conception des emballages plastiques en vue de leur recyclage - Partie 10 : Processus d’évaluation de la recyclabilité des emballages plastiques - Protocoles pour les bouteilles en PET
Le présent document fournit des exigences pour le processus d’évaluation des bouteilles en PET, et plus particulièrement la compatibilité de la conception avec les processus de recyclage.
Les composants d’emballage et les éléments auxiliaires fabriqués à partir de matériaux autres que le PET sont également couverts par le présent document, car il est nécessaire d’évaluer leur compatibilité avec les processus de recyclage.
Embalaža - Načrtovanje, ki omogoča recikliranje plastične embalaže - 10. del: Postopek za ocenjevanje možnosti recikliranja plastične embalaže - Protokoli za plastenke iz polietilen tereftalata (PET-plastenke)
General Information
Overview
The FprEN 18120-10 standard, developed by CEN, is a key document in the series focused on Design for Recycling (DfR) of Plastic Packaging. It specifically addresses the recyclability evaluation process for plastic packaging, with detailed protocols tailored for PET (polyethylene terephthalate) bottles. The primary goal of this standard is to establish a consistent methodology for assessing whether PET bottle designs are compatible with existing mechanical recycling processes in Europe.
This evaluation covers not only PET materials but also packaging components and ancillary elements made from other materials, ensuring a holistic approach to recyclability. The standard supports circular economy principles by guiding manufacturers, recyclers, and policymakers on how to improve packaging to optimize its recycling potential.
Key Topics
Recyclability Evaluation Process
The standard presents a comprehensive test method simulating each step within industrial PET bottle mechanical recycling. This includes grinding, washing, rinsing, flotation, drying, extrusion, pellet production, solid-state polymerization, crystallization, and conversion to new articles such as bottles and plaques.Unit Operations in PET Recycling
The process is divided into multiple unit operations reflecting the industrial recycling workflow:- Control selection of virgin material for benchmarking
- Pre-treatment including grinding and washing cycles (pre-washing, washing, hot and cold rinsing)
- Pellet extrusion and polymer treatments (SSP and crystallization)
- Conversion processes simulating final product formation
Testing Protocols and Benchmarking
For every recycling step, the standard specifies sampling methods, test procedures, and benchmark values such as melt mass-flow rates, viscosity, color deviation, and intrinsic viscosity. These parameters help in assessing processability and quality of recycled PET.Design Impact Analysis
The evaluation can be used to test full bottle designs or isolated packaging elements to identify potential negative impacts on recyclability. This informs iterative improvements in design-for-recycling guidelines.Guidance on Innovation Assessment
The standard outlines how to report results, including innovation descriptions, intended recyclate uses, market penetration assumptions, and detailed testing strategy rationale.
Applications
Packaging Manufacturers
Can apply FprEN 18120-10 to verify that new PET bottle designs meet recycling compatibility requirements before market introduction, reducing end-of-life waste challenges.Recycling Facilities and Processors
Use this standard to simulate and optimize recycling processes, ensuring high-quality recycled PET output that meets industrial standards and customer specifications.Regulatory Bodies and Policymakers
Benefit from the standardized evaluation method to develop policies promoting sustainable packaging and incentivize design changes that facilitate recycling.Sustainability Consultants and R&D Teams
Leverage the recyclable design criteria and test protocols when innovating or advising on packaging materials and product lifecycle improvements.
Related Standards
FprEN 18120-10 is a part of the broad EN 18120 series focused on plastic packaging recyclability:
- prEN 18120-1: Definitions and principles for design-for-recycling of plastic packaging
- prEN 18120-4: Guidelines and protocols specifically for PET bottles design
- prEN 18120-11: Protocols for other PET rigid packaging
- prEN 18120-6 & -7: Guidelines and protocols for PE and PP rigid and flexible packaging
- EN ISO 1133-1: Standard methods for determining melt mass-flow rates of thermoplastics
- EN ISO 1628-1: Methods for polymer viscosity determination
- ISO 11357-3: Differential scanning calorimetry for polymer melting and crystallization
These interconnected documents collectively support a structured approach to designing plastic packaging that is optimized for current and future recycling technologies.
Keywords: PET bottle recyclability, plastic packaging recycling, design for recycling, mechanical recycling PET, recyclability evaluation process, packaging sustainability, PET bottles standards, plastic recycling protocols, circular economy packaging
Frequently Asked Questions
FprEN 18120-10 is a draft published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Packaging - Design for recycling of plastic packaging - Part 10: Recyclability evaluation process for plastic packaging - Protocols for PET bottles". This standard covers: This document provides requirements for the evaluation process for bottles predominantly made of PET with respect to compatibility of the design with recycling processes. Packaging components and ancillary elements made of other materials than PET are also covered by this document as they need to be evaluated for compatibility with the recycling processes.
This document provides requirements for the evaluation process for bottles predominantly made of PET with respect to compatibility of the design with recycling processes. Packaging components and ancillary elements made of other materials than PET are also covered by this document as they need to be evaluated for compatibility with the recycling processes.
FprEN 18120-10 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 13.030.50 - Recycling; 55.020 - Packaging and distribution of goods in general; 83.080.20 - Thermoplastic materials. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
FprEN 18120-10 is associated with the following European legislation: Standardization Mandates: M/584. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
You can purchase FprEN 18120-10 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of CEN standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 18120-10:2024
01-oktober-2024
Embalaža - Načrtovanje, ki omogoča recikliranje plastične embalaže - 10. del:
Postopek za ocenjevanje možnosti recikliranja plastične embalaže - Protokoli za
plastenke iz polietilen tereftalata (PET-plastenke)
Packaging - Design for recycling for plastic packaging - Part 10: Recyclability evaluation
process for plastic packaging - Protocols for PET bottles
Verpackung - Recyclingorientierte Gestaltung von Kunststoffverpackungsprodukten - Teil
10: Verfahren zur Bewertung der Recyclingfähigkeit von Kunststoffverpackungen -
Protokolle für Flaschen aus PET
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 18120-10
ICS:
13.030.50 Recikliranje Recycling
55.020 Pakiranje in distribucija blaga Packaging and distribution of
na splošno goods in general
83.080.20 Plastomeri Thermoplastic materials
oSIST prEN 18120-10:2024 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
oSIST prEN 18120-10:2024
oSIST prEN 18120-10:2024
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 18120-10
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
September 2024
ICS 13.030.50; 83.080.20; 55.020
English Version
Packaging - Design for recycling for plastic packaging -
Part 10: Recyclability evaluation process for plastic
packaging - Protocols for PET bottles
Verpackung - Recyclingorientierte Gestaltung von
Kunststoffverpackungsprodukten - Teil 10: Verfahren
zur Bewertung der Recyclingfähigkeit von
Kunststoffverpackungen - Protokolle für Flaschen aus
PET
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 261.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2024 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 18120-10:2024 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
oSIST prEN 18120-10:2024
prEN 18120-10:2024 (E)
Contents Page
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Recyclability evaluation process . 6
4.1 Principle . 6
4.1.1 General . 6
4.1.2 Targeted uses and retained recycling technology . 7
4.1.3 List of Applicable unit operations for PET Bottles Recycling and corresponding test
procedures . 9
4.2 Testing procedures for pretreatment – Flakes preparation . 11
4.2.1 Pre-treatment grinding . 11
4.2.2 Pretreatment description for Prewashing, washing and rinsing . 11
4.2.3 Procedure for pre-washing . 11
4.2.4 Procedure for washing . 12
4.2.5 Procedure for hot rinsing . 12
4.2.6 Floatation . 12
4.2.7 Drying . 13
4.2.8 Air elutriation . 14
4.2.9 Assessments report, standard testing procedure and recommended benchmark
values . 14
4.3 Testing procedures for treatment – Pellet extrusion . 16
4.3.1 Flakes blending for subsequent extrusion . 16
4.3.2 Extrusion – Pellet production . 16
4.3.3 Solid state polymerization (SSP) . 17
4.3.4 Crystallization . 18
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4.3.5 Assessments report, standard testing procedure and recommended benchmark
values . 18
4.4 Testing procedures for conversion in articles . 19
4.4.1 Pellet blends preparation . 19
4.4.2 Conversion ROUTE 1 – PLAQUE INJECTION MOULDING . 20
4.4.3 Conversion ROUTE 2 step A – PREFORM INJECTION . 20
4.4.4 Conversion ROUTE 2 step B – BOTTLE BLOWING . 20
4.4.5 Assessments report, standard testing procedure and recommended benchmark
values . 23
Bibliography . 24
oSIST prEN 18120-10:2024
prEN 18120-10:2024 (E)
European foreword
This document (prEN 18120-10:2024) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 261
“Packaging”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document has been prepared under a standardization request addressed to CEN by the European
Commission. The Standing Committee of the EFTA States subsequently approves these requests for its
Member States.
oSIST prEN 18120-10:2024
prEN 18120-10:2024 (E)
Introduction
EN 13820 consisting of 15 parts aims via a series of guidelines and protocols to establish consistency and
improvement for the Design for recycling of household, industrial and commercial plastic packaging.
— Part 1: Definitions and principles for design-for-recycling of plastic packaging
— Part 2: Process and governance to evaluate the recyclability of plastic packaging
— Part 3: Sorting evaluation process for plastic packaging
— Part 4: Guideline and protocols for PET bottles
— Part 5: Guideline and protocols for PET other rigid packaging
— Part 6: Guideline and protocols for PE and PP rigid packaging
— Part 7: Guideline and protocols for PE and PP flexible packaging
— Part 8: Guideline and protocols for PS packaging
— Part 9: Guideline and protocols for EPS packaging
— Part 10: Recyclability evaluation process for plastic packaging — Protocols for PET bottles
— Part 11: Recyclability evaluation process for plastic packaging — Protocols for PET other rigid
packaging
— Part 12: Recyclability evaluation process for plastic packaging — Protocols for PE and PP rigid
packaging
— Part 13: Recyclability evaluation process for plastic packaging — Protocols for PE and PP flexible
packaging
— Part 14: Recyclability evaluation process for plastic packaging — Protocols for PS packaging
— Part 15: Recyclability evaluation process for plastic packaging — Protocols for EPS packaging
Design for recycling guidelines are a common way of describing compatibility with plastic packaging
collection, sorting and recycling into high quality recycled plastic into state-of-the-art facilities. They
provide guidance on the level compatibility, defined as:
— green: Packaging constituents with full compatibility with recycling;
— yellow: Packaging constituents with limited compatibility with recycling;
— red: Packaging constituents which are not compatible with recycling.
Recyclability guidelines will require regular review and improvement to reflect innovations in design,
collection, sorting and recycling.
The Design for recycling guidelines provided in this series of standards are representative of the state of
the art in Europe and cover all steps from design for recycling, packaging waste collection, sorting,
recycling into recycled plastic and to use in a new application.
Packaging recyclability is the combination of two parameters: packaging designed for recycling and the
existence of a recycling stream. Design for recycling guidelines act as a first indicator.
oSIST prEN 18120-10:2024
prEN 18120-10:2024 (E)
1 Scope
This document provides requirements for the evaluation process for PET Bottles with
respect to compatibility of the design with recycling processes.
Packaging components and ancillary elements made of other materials than PET are also covered by this
document as they need to be evaluated for compatibility with the recycling processes.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
prEN 18120-1, Packaging — Design for recycling of plastic packaging — Part 1: Definitions and principles
for design-for-recycling of plastic packaging
prEN 18120-4, Packaging — Design for recycling of plastic packaging — Part 4: Guideline for PET bottles
EN ISO 1133-1, Plastics — Determination of the melt mass-flow rate (MFR) and melt volume-flow rate
(MVR) of thermoplastics — Part 1: Standard method (ISO 1133-1)
EN ISO 1628-1, Plastics — Determination of the viscosity of polymers in dilute solution using capillary
viscometers — Part 1: General principles (ISO 1628-1)
ISO 11357-3, Plastics — Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) — Part 3: Determination of temperature
and enthalpy of melting and crystallization
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in prEN 18120-1 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp/
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
4 Recyclability evaluation process
4.1 Principle
4.1.1 General
This document provides a method of evaluating the technical recyclability of a PET Bottle sample in
mechanical recycling processes as they are implemented in Europe. The results characterize both the
processability of the sample as well as the quality of the recycled plastic.
Depending on the choice of the sample, the method can either provide a technical recyclability
determination for a given packaging design or item, or it can be employed to selectively study the impact
of individual design elements of a PET Bottle on technical recyclability.
The latter approach may be employed to generate data for the updating of design-for-recycling
guidelines.
The test method follows the steps (unit operations) that occur in a mechanical recycling process for
PET bottles and seeks to simulate each operation on a laboratory scale.
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The relevant unit operations are shown in Table 1. Steps 0 to 5 describe the plastic recycling process itself
whereas step 6 represent the conversion of the recycled PET into articles, either preforms/bottles or
plaques. As such, steps 0 to 4 provide information on the processability of the sample whereas step 5 and
6 provide information on the quality of the recycled plastic that can be obtained.
To perform the recyclability Evaluation process, the below elements shall be considered:
— Design for recyclability evaluation process guidelines on PET bottles described by prEN 18120-4,
Packaging — Design for recycling of plastic packaging products — Part 4: Guideline for PET bottles;
— targeted intended use(s) for the final recyclate, this is needed to ensure the testing will be made in
relation to dedicated specifications, as described in prEN 18120-1, Packaging — Design for recycling
of plastic packaging — Part 1: Definitions and principles for design-for-recycling of plastic packaging.
And in this document:
— list of unit operations for the whole process until the recyclate is used (grinding, washing, extrusion,
… for example);
— specification of unit operations process capability to be used for the evaluation based on state of the
art of PET bottle recycling processes in Europe (grinding size for example);
— relevant process conditions settings for testing for all relevant unit operations (temperature for
washing for example);
— list of mandatory sampling and tests to be performed on the samples for each unit operation. (IV
measurement as per EN ISO 1628-1 for example);
— reference benchmark recommendation values for assessing the results of the tests performed
(Colour deviation Delta E below 1 for example) and help building the final assessment.
The goal of the evaluation process is to identify all foreseeable critical points and establish a testing
strategy that either confirms or excludes a negative impact for each critical point considered. The testing
strategy will use all or only some of the tests described below that will depend on the innovation type
and expected impacts on the recycling process and the recyclate. The sample size to be tested is also part
of the testing strategy definition. The reasoning for the testing strategy deployed will be described.
The final reporting shall include all relevants related to:
— innovation description;
— intended use of the innovation and assumed market penetration;
— testing strategy reasoning and description;
— relevant elements from tables from 4.2.9, 4.3.5 and 4.4.5;
— all relevant elements used to support assessment;
— final conclusion and result of assessment.
4.1.2 Targeted uses and retained recycling technology
Table 1 describes the targeted uses of the recyclate to be produced and assumed recycling technology to
produce the recyclate. It also includes the secondary outlet to be considered and the at scale situation as
well as the grading impact to assume when assessing the innovation.
oSIST prEN 18120-10:2024
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Table 1 — PET bottle recycling state-of-the-art
Packaging type Recycling type State-of-the-art outlet
Clear PET bottle Mechanical recycling Bottle (contact sensitive)
Coloured PET bottle Mechanical recycling Bottle (contact sensitive)
Opaque PET bottle Mechanical recycling Bottle (contact sensitive)
White opaque PET bottle Mechanical recycling Bottle (contact sensitive)
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prEN 18120-10:2024 (E)
4.1.3 List of Applicable unit operations for PET Bottles Recycling and corresponding test procedures
For PET Bottles the following unit operations are applicable to the whole process until the recyclate is used to form articles.
The ‘reference test procedures’ column of Table 2 refers to the subclauses of this document.
Table 2 — Recycling trial unit operations
Step # Unit operation High level process description representing the industrial steps Reference test procedures
1 Control selection Before any testing is undertaken, control material to compare the
evaluated packaging needs to be selected. The reference material will be
virgin PET, without recycled material.
2 Pre-treatment: flakes This step simulates the preparation of PET bottle flakes by grinding,
preparation washing and sink/float separation
2.1 Pre-treatment: grinding Control and evaluated application PET bottles are separately ground in 4.2.1 Pre-treatment grinding
order to fit the throat of a laboratory extruder.
2.2 Pre-treatment – Pre- Simulation of the prewashing step, in hot water with caustic and with 4.2.3 Pretreatment -
washing mechanical agitation. Prewashing
2.3 Pre-treatment - Washing Simulation of the washing step, in hot water and caustic with detergent 4.2.4 Pretreatement -
and mechanical agitation Washing
2.4 Pre-treatment - Hot rinsing Simulation of the rinsing step, in hot conditions, without additives and 4.2.5 Pretreatement - Hot
with mechanical agitation rinsing
2.5 Pre-treatment - Cold rinsing Simulation of cold rinsing and flotation process allowing PET flake 4.2.6 Pretreatment – Cold
and floatation separation from polyolefins (caps and labels) by density in water without rinsing and floatation
additives.
2.6 Pre-treatment - Drying Reduce the flake moisture with hot air. 4.2.7 Pretreatment – Drying
2.7 Pre-treatment: air Control and evaluated application; PET flakes are separately elutriated 4.2.8 Pretreatment – Air
elutriation with air to remove light fraction. elutriation
3 Treatment: Pellets This step simulates the production of PET pellets via extrusion and
preparation polycondensation by solid state process
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Step # Unit operation High level process description representing the industrial steps Reference test procedures
3.1 Extrusion – flake blends Once the materials from the control and evaluated application have 4.3.1 Treatment - Flakes
preparation and separately gone through all pre-treatment steps (2.1-2.5) blending with blending for subsequent
composition the reference material will be prepared as per agreed test program. extrusion.
Common blending ratios are 2, 5, 10, 25, and 50 %
3.2 Extrusion – pellet Flakes are dried to reduce moisture as carried out in an industrial line. 4.3.2 Treatment – Pellet
production They are then extruded and filtered and pelletized into cylindrical pellets. production
4 Crystallization and SSP These operations will be performed to: 4.3.3 Treatment – Solid state
polymerization
— either assess IV increase rate and then assess the colour on plaque
moulding these pellets 4.3.4 Treatment –
Crystallization
or to be injected into preforms and then blow moulded to assess
bottle performance
5 Conversion in articles — This step simulates the conversion of the above pellets in articles
(plaques or preforms and bottles)
5.1 Conversion – Plaques Route 1: Once PET pellets have been produced and tested, reference 4.4.2 Conversion – Plaque
pellets and samples will be mixed at 50 % and standardized plaques will
be moulded to assess quality.
5.2 Conversion – preform Route 2: Once PET pellets have been produced the applicant will convert 4.4.3 Conversion – Preforms
injection and bottles blow them in preforms and bottles and performances and quality of the bottles
4.4.4 Conversion – Bottles
moulding will be assessed.
NOTE This document does not describe sorting steps that occur at material recovery facilities (MRF) or plastics recovery facilities (PRF). For the evaluation of
such sorting operations, references is made to prEN 18120-3.
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4.2 Testing procedures for pretreatment – Flakes preparation
4.2.1 Pre-treatment grinding
Control and innovation samples are separately ground to fit the throat of a laboratory extruder.
Procedure:
— report the mass of each sample before grinding as m in the table in Annex X;
— grind separately control and innovation sample to flakes using a 12 mm screen;
— report if high quantities of fines (<1 mm) are obtained;
— store in separate containers;
— take photos of each fraction;
— keep about 20 g of control and innovation flakes for IV and colour measurement. Remove this
mass from m to have a fair comparison of m to m ;
0 1 0
— report the mass of each sample after grinding as m ;
— during grinding, ensure that no overheating happens on the material (for example due to dull
knives).
4.2.2 Pretreatment description for Prewashing, washing and rinsing
Control and innovation samples are washed to test the impact on hot washing operations. Washing
for PET bottles is commonly made in presence of caustic soda as well as detergents and is multiple
steps process. The following procedures shall be utilized for both control and innovation samples
separately.
The tank to be used should respect the following conditions:
— sized to allow water and PET flake to be mixed at a 4:1 ratio by weight;
— will allow a recommended ratio of the water height-to-the tank width of 0,8 to 1,0 and not less
than 0,6 or greater than 1,5;
— fitted with a mixer with an impellor blade length at least 0,33 of the mixing tank diameter or
width, and with variable speed capability for impeller;
— incorporating at least three baffles when a round tank is used: baffles not necessary in a square
tank.
4.2.3 Procedure for pre-washing
— Prepare the pre-washing stainless steel tank for a 1:4 ratio (1 kg flakes vs 4 L solution) at 85 °C
with a solution of 1 wt% NaOH and 1 wt% MacDermid Master RP 14-LF detergent.
— Wash each sample separately at a 1:4 ratio (1 kg flakes vs 4 L solution) at 240 rpm for
5 minutes.
— Flakes are collected and separated from the pre-washing solution over a vibrating table and
through a centrifuge.
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— Take photos of the pre-washed solution and flakes after pre-washing.
4.2.4 Procedure for washing
— Prepare the washing stainless steel tank for a 1:4 ratio (1 kg flakes vs 4 L solution) at 85 °C
with a solution of 1 wt% NaOH and 1 wt% MacDermid Master RP 14-LF detergent.
— Wash each sample separately at a 1:4 ratio (1 kg flakes vs 4 L solution) at 240 rpm for
6 minutes and 40 seconds.
— Flakes are collected and separated from the washing solution over a vibrating table and
through a centrifuge.
— Take photos of the washed solution and flakes after washing.
4.2.5 Procedure for hot rinsing
— Prepare the hot rinsing stainless steel tank for a 1:4 ratio (1 kg flakes vs 4 L solution) at 85 °C
with tap water.
— Wash each sample separately at a 1:4 ratio (1 kg flakes vs 4 L solution) at 240 rpm for
3 minutes and 20 seconds.
— Flakes are collected and separated from the hot rinsing solution over a vibrating table and
through a centrifuge.
— Take photos of the hot rinsing solution and flakes after hot rinsing.
— Report the mass of each sample after hot rinsing as m .
4.2.6 Floatation
The density separation will determine if the flakes can be separated by density in the float/sink
tank used in the recycling operation. Density separation will happen at the same time as the cold
rinsing step.
The following procedure shall be utilized for both control and innovation samples separately.
Procedure:
— pour the washed flakes in a tank filled with water at a 1:10 ratio at a room temperature;
— stir at 240 rpm for 5 minutes;
— stop the stirrer and allow the water to rest for 5 minutes;
— remove the stirrer from the tank;
— collect all particles that float on the surface with a sieve;
— collect separately the flakes that sunk;
— report the mass of innovation sample after sink-float separation as m3f and m3s for floating
and sinking fraction respectively (Annex X).
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The efficiency of the sink/float separation should be measured using 50 g of washed flakes of
innovative samples and a graduated beaker filled with tap water, as described by
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The FprEN 18120-10 standard provides a crucial framework for the design and evaluation of PET bottles concerning their recyclability. This document is pivotal in promoting sustainable packaging solutions by laying out requirements that ensure the compatibility of bottle designs with existing recycling processes. Its scope reaches beyond just PET, addressing the need for assessing not only the plastic components but also any ancillary materials that may be included in the packaging. One of the standard's strengths is the comprehensive approach it adopts toward recyclability evaluation. By incorporating guidelines for various materials and components, it fosters a holistic perspective on packaging design, which is essential for achieving effective recycling outcomes. This thorough evaluation process encourages manufacturers to consider the entire packaging lifecycle, boosting their efficiency in creating recyclable products. Additionally, the relevance of FprEN 18120-10 lies in its alignment with broader environmental objectives and regulatory frameworks aimed at reducing plastic waste. The standard serves as a vital tool for designers and manufacturers in the packaging industry, facilitating compliance with emerging regulations while promoting innovation in sustainable packaging practices. By focusing on the compatibility of designs with recycling processes, it helps decrease contamination in recycling streams, enhancing overall recycling rates for materials such as PET. In summary, FprEN 18120-10 stands out as a comprehensive standard that not only focuses on the recyclability of PET bottles but also expands to include all components involved in packaging. Its strengths lie in its detailed evaluation protocols and its relevance to the industry’s shift towards sustainability and circular economy initiatives.
FprEN 18120-10 표준은 플라스틱 포장의 재활용 설계를 위한 전반적인 기준을 제공하며, 특히 PET 병에 대한 재활용 평가 프로세스를 다룹니다. 이 문서의 주요 초점은 PET로 주로 제작된 병의 디자인이 재활용 과정과 얼마나 호환되는지를 평가하는 데 필요한 요구사항을 규명하는 것입니다. 이 표준의 강점은 PET 병 외에도 재활용 프로세스와의 호환성 평가가 필요한 다른 재료로 만들어진 포장 구성 요소와 보조 요소를 포함하고 있다는 점입니다. 이를 통해 다양한 포장재의 재활용 가능성을 폭넓게 평가할 수 있어, 전체적인 지속 가능성을 증대시키는 데 기여합니다. 또한, FprEN 18120-10 표준은 포장 설계의 재활용성 평가 프로세스에 대한 명확한 프로토콜을 제공하여, 제조업체들이 재활용성을 고려한 제품 개발을 쉽게 할 수 있도록 도와줍니다. 이는 기업이 환경 친화적인 포장 솔루션을 제시하고, 법적 기준을 충족시키는 데 크게 기여할 것입니다. 이 문서는 플라스틱 포장의 재활용성에 대한 중요성을 인식하고 이를 체계적으로 접근하는 방법을 제시함으로써, 현대 사회가 직면한 환경 문제 해결에 실질적인 도움을 줄 수 있습니다. 표준의 적용은 플라스틱 포장재의 지속 가능한 미래를 구축하는 중요한 발판이 될 것입니다.
Die Norm FprEN 18120-10 beschäftigt sich mit der Gestaltung von Kunststoffen für Recycling und legt speziell Protokolle für die Recycelbarkeit von PET-Flaschen fest. Die Norm definiert klare Anforderungen an den Evaluierungsprozess für Flaschen, die überwiegend aus PET bestehen, und stellt sicher, dass das Design mit den Recyclingprozessen kompatibel ist. Ein wesentliches Merkmal dieser Norm ist ihr umfassender Ansatz, der nicht nur PET-Flaschen, sondern auch Verpackungskomponenten und zusätzliche Elemente aus anderen Materialien berücksichtigt. Dadurch wird sichergestellt, dass alle Aspekte der Verpackung in Bezug auf die Recyclingfähigkeit analysiert werden, was die Relevanz der Norm in einem zunehmend umweltbewussten Markt unterstreicht. Die Stärken der Norm liegen vor allem in der systematischen Herangehensweise an die Bewertung der Recyclierbarkeit. Durch die Festlegung standardisierter Protokolle wird es Unternehmen ermöglicht, effizientere und umweltfreundlichere Verpackungslösungen zu entwickeln. Dies spielt eine entscheidende Rolle in der gesamten Wertschöpfungskette, da Hersteller ihre Produkte bereits in der Entwurfsphase so gestalten können, dass sie dem Recyclingprozess besser angepasst sind. Die FprEN 18120-10 ist von großer Bedeutung für die Industrie, da sie eine klare Orientierung für die Entwicklung und Bewertung von PET-Verpackungen bietet. In einer Zeit, in der nachhaltige Verpackungslösungen immer mehr an Bedeutung gewinnen, hilft diese Norm Unternehmen dabei, ihre Umweltauswirkungen zu minimieren und die Recyclingquote zu erhöhen. Die Berücksichtigung verschiedener Materialien und deren Wechselwirkungen mit den Recyclingprozessen stellt sicher, dass die Norm ein effektives Instrument für eine ganzheitliche Betrachtung der Recyclefähigkeit darstellt.
FprEN 18120-10は、PET製ボトルのリサイクル可能性評価プロセスに関する重要な標準であり、プラスチック包装の設計におけるリサイクルの観点からの要件を提供しています。この文書は、PETボトルのデザインがリサイクルプロセスとどのように互換性を持つかを明確にするための評価手続きに焦点を当てています。 この標準の範囲は、主にPETで構成されたボトルの設計評価だけでなく、PET以外の材料で作られた包装コンポーネントや附属要素も含まれている点が特に優れています。これにより、様々な素材のリサイクル可能性を総合的に評価できるため、包装業界における持続可能な実践の推進に寄与します。 FprEN 18120-10の強みは、明確な評価プロトコルを提供している点です。これにより、企業は自社の包装デザインのリサイクル適合性を確認し、改善点を把握することが容易になります。この評価プロセスは、リサイクル率の向上に直接寄与する可能性があり、環境負荷を軽減するための重要な手段となります。 また、PETボトルのリサイクルに関連する技術的知識を強化するためにも、本標準は重要です。リサイクルの実施可能性を高めることで、持続可能な包装ソリューションの開発を推進し、消費者の意識の高まりに応じた企業の競争力を強化することに繋がります。 全体として、FprEN 18120-10はプラスチック包装のリサイクル可能性に関する包括的なガイドラインを提供しており、その適用は包装業界全体における環境保護の向上と持続可能な開発に寄与することが期待されます。この標準は、リサイクル可能なデザインの重要性を再確認させるものであり、今後の包装設計の選択において不可欠な要素となるでしょう。
La norme FprEN 18120-10, intitulée "Packaging - Design for recycling of plastic packaging - Part 10: Recyclability evaluation process for plastic packaging - Protocols for PET bottles", constitue un cadre essentiel pour l'évaluation de la recyclabilité des bouteilles principalement composées de PET. Son champ d'application va au-delà des seuls matériaux PET, englobant également les composants d'emballage et les éléments auxiliaires fabriqués à partir d'autres matériaux. Cette approche holistique permet d'assurer que l'ensemble du design d'emballage est pris en compte dans le processus de recyclage. Parmi les points forts de cette norme, la clarté et la précision des exigences pour l'évaluation de la compatibilité du design avec les processus de recyclage se distinguent. Cela favorise une meilleure compréhension des pratiques de conception durables et encourage les fabricants à adopter des solutions innovantes dans le domaine de l'emballage en plastique. De plus, le fait d'inclure des éléments ne contenant pas de PET souligne l'importance d'une approche intégrée en matière de recyclabilité, renforçant ainsi la durabilité de l'ensemble de la chaîne d'approvisionnement en emballages plastiques. La pertinence de cette norme ne saurait être sous-estimée. À une époque où l'importance du recyclage et de la réduction des déchets plastiques est cruciale, le FprEN 18120-10 fournit aux entreprises un guide pratique pour contribuer à une économie circulaire. En promouvant des designs compatibles avec les processus de recyclage, cette norme aide non seulement à minimiser l'impact environnemental des emballages en plastique, mais également à répondre aux exigences réglementaires croissantes concernant la durabilité des produits. En somme, la norme FprEN 18120-10 est un outil indispensable pour les acteurs de l'industrie de l'emballage qui visent à améliorer la recyclabilité de leurs produits en plastique. Son approche exhaustive et ses protocoles détaillés constituent une base solide pour l’évaluation des bouteilles en PET et des matériaux connexes, ce qui renforce la position des entreprises en faveur d'une gestion responsable des matières plastiques.
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