FprEN 17035

Surface active agents - Bio-based surfactants - Requirements and test methods

This document sets requirements for bio-based surfactants in terms of properties, limits, application classes and test methods. It lays down the characteristics and details for assessment of bio-based surfactants as to whether they:
-   are fit for purpose in terms of performance related properties;
-   comply with the requirements regarding the health, safety and environment which apply to general surfactants;
-   are derived from a certain minimum percentage of biomass;
-   comply with at least similar sustainability criteria as comparable (non-bio-based) surfactants.
The criteria of the regulation on Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) [13] also apply to bio-based surfactants.
NOTE   EN 16575 defines the term "bio-based" as derived from biomass and clarifies that "bio-based" does not imply "biodegradable". In addition, "biodegradable" does not necessarily imply the use of "bio-based" material.

Grenzflächenaktive Stoffe - Bio-basierte Tenside - Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren

Dieses Dokument legt die Anforderungen für biobasierte Tenside in Bezug auf die Eigenschaften, Grenzen, Anwendungsklassen und Prüfverfahren fest. Es legt die Merkmale und Details zur Bewertung biobasierter Tenside fest, um zu bewerten ob diese:
- im Hinblick auf die leistungsbezogenen Eigenschaften geeignet sind;
- mit den Anforderungen in Bezug auf Gesundheit, Sicherheit und Umwelt übereinstimmen, die für allgemeine oberflächenaktive Substanzen gelten;
- von einer bestimmten Mindest-Prozentzahl Biomasse abgeleitet sind;
- zumindest ähnliche Nachhaltigkeitskriterien einhalten wie vergleichbare oberflächenaktive (nicht biobasierte) Substanzen.
Die Kriterien für die Regulierung bezüglich Registrierung, Bewertung, Zulassung und Beschränkung von Chemikalien (REACH) [13] gelten auch für biobasierte Tenside.
ANMERKUNG   EN 16575 definiert die Bezeichnung „biobasiert“ als abgeleitet von Biomasse und macht deutlich, dass „biobasiert“ nicht „biologisch abbaubar“ impliziert. Zusätzlich impliziert „biologisch abbaubar“ nicht unbedingt die Verwendung von „biobasiertem“ Material.

Agents de surface - Tensioactifs biosourcés - Exigences et méthodes d'essais

Le présent document définit les exigences relatives aux propriétés, aux limites, aux classes d'application et aux méthodes d'essai concernant les agents tensioactifs biosourcés. Il fixe les caractéristiques et les informations permettant d'évaluer les agents tensioactifs biosourcés au regard des critères suivants :
—   aptitude à l'emploi du point de vue des propriétés en rapport avec les performances ;
—   conformité aux exigences en matière de santé, de sécurité et d'environnement, applicables aux agents tensioactifs en général ;
—   origine : pourcentage minimal donné de biomasse dont ils sont issus ;
—   conformité à des critères de durabilité au moins similaires à ceux d'agents tensioactifs (non biosourcés) comparables.
Les critères du règlement concernant l'enregistrement, l'évaluation et l'autorisation des substances chimiques, ainsi que les restrictions applicables à ces substances (REACH) [13], s'appliquent aussi aux agents tensioactifs biosourcés.
NOTE   La définition du terme « biosourcé » dans l'EN 16575 est « issu de la biomasse ». Il est à préciser que le terme « biosourcé » n'est pas synonyme de « biodégradable », la notion de « biodégradabilité » n'impliquant pas nécessairement, par ailleurs, l'utilisation de matière « biosourcée ».

Površinsko aktivne snovi - Površinsko aktivne snovi na biološki osnovi - Zahteve in preskusne metode

Standards Content (sample)

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Površinsko aktivne snovi - Površinsko aktivne snovi na biološki osnovi - Zahteve in preskusne metodeGrenzflächenaktive Stoffe - Bio-basierte Tenside - Anforderungen und PrüfverfahrenSurface Active Agents - Bio-based surfactants - Requirements and test methods71.100.40Površinsko aktivna sredstvaSurface active agents13.020.55Biološki izdelkiBiobased productsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:prEN 17035oSIST prEN 17035:2018en,fr,de01-oktober-2018oSIST prEN 17035:2018SLOVENSKI

STANDARD
oSIST prEN 17035:2018
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
DRAFT prEN 17035
August
t r s z English Version

Surface Active Agents æ Bioæbased surfactants æ Requirements and test methods Agents de surface æ Tensioactifs biosourcés æ Exigences et méthodes d 5essais

Grenzflächenaktive Stoffe æ Bioæbasierte Tenside æ Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiryä It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee

If this draft becomes a European Standardá CEN members are bounwhich stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three ofer language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Serbiaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey and United Kingdomä

Recipients of this draft are invited to submitá with their commentsá notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to provide supporting documentationä

Warning ã This document is not a European Standardä It is distributed for review and commentsä It is subject to change without notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standardä

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Rue de la Science 23,
B-1040 Brussels

t r s z CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä prEN

s y r u wã t r s z EoSIST prEN 17035:2018
prEN 17035:2018 (E) 2 Contents

Page European foreword ....................................................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................... 4 1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................................... 6 2 Normative references .................................................................................................................................... 6 3 Terms and definitions ................................................................................................................................... 7 4 Generalities on surfactants.......................................................................................................................... 8 5 Performance of surfactants ......................................................................................................................... 8 5.1 Generalities related to performance ........................................................................................................ 8 5.2 Technical performance properties ........................................................................................................... 9 5.2.1 General ................................................................................................................................................................ 9 5.2.2 Chemical composition ................................................................................................................................... 9 5.2.3 Solubility ............................................................................................................................................................ 9 5.2.4 Surface and interfacial tension .................................................................................................................. 9 5.2.5 Foaming power ................................................................................................................................................ 9 5.2.6 Wetting performance .................................................................................................................................. 10 5.2.7 Emulsion power ............................................................................................................................................ 10 6 Health, safety and environmental requirements ............................................................................. 10 7 Bio-based content ........................................................................................................................................ 10 7.1 Generalities .................................................................................................................................................... 10 7.2 Surfactant classification ............................................................................................................................ 11 7.3 Analytical approach .................................................................................................................................... 12 8 Sustainability ................................................................................................................................................. 12 9 End of life ......................................................................................................................................................... 12 10 Declaration and product labelling ......................................................................................................... 13 Annex A (informative)

Sub-sampling procedure ........................................................................................... 14 Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................................. 15

oSIST prEN 17035:2018

prEN 17035:2018 (E) 3 European foreword This document (prEN 17035:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 276 “Surface active agents”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry. This document will supersede CEN/TS 17035:2017. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. This document has been prepared under Mandate M/491 [12] of the European Commission, addressed to CEN for the development of European Standards for solvents and surfactants in relation to bio-based product aspects. It has been prepared by CEN/TC 276/WG 3 “Bio-surfactants”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. oSIST prEN 17035:2018

prEN 17035:2018 (E) 4 Introduction Bio-based raw materials have been used for millennia in the manufacture of surfactants, e.g. the first surfactant used by mankind, was already completely bio-based – soap. With the advent of modern surfactants in the early 20th Century, petrochemical-based raw materials also became of interest. They offered the opportunity to tune the surfactant properties, in a broader sense, to their various applications. The last decades have seen the emergence of new bio-based raw materials for surfactants. Some of the reasons for the increased interest lie in the bio-based products’ potential benefits in relation to the depletion of fossil resources and climate change. Acknowledging the need for common standards for bio-based products, the European Commission issued Mandate M/4921), resulting in a series of standards developed by CEN/TC 411, with a focus on bio-based products other than food, feed and biomass for energy applications. The standards of CEN/TC 411 “Bio-based products” provide a common basis on the following aspects: — common terminology2); — bio-based content determination; — Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)3); — sustainability aspects4); — declaration tools. It is important to understand what the term “bio-based product” covers and how it is being used. The term “bio-based” means “derived wholly or partly from biomass”. It is essential to characterize the amount of biomass contained in the product by, for instance, its (total) bio-based content or bio-based carbon content. The bio-based content of a product itself does not provide information on its environmental impact or sustainability, which may be assessed through Life Cycle Inventory (LCI), LCA and sustainability criteria. In addition, transparent and unambiguous communication within bio-based value chains is facilitated by a harmonized framework for certification and declaration. Breaking down the horizontal standards to bio-based products like bio-based surfactants, the European Commission issued Mandate M/491 [12], resulting in standards developed by CEN/TC 276. This European Standard has been developed with the aim to fulfil part of the Mandate to describe the technical requirements of bio-based surfactants. The criteria for “bio-based surfactants” published in this European Standard are complementary to the horizontal standards by CEN/TC 411.

1) A mandate is a standardization task embedded in European trade laws. The M/492 Mandate is addressed to the European Standardization bodies, i.e. CEN, CENELEC and ETSI, for the development of horizontal European Standards for bio-based products. The M/491 Mandate is addressed to the development of European Standards for bio-solvents and bio-surfactants. 2)

EN 16575. 3)
EN 16760. 4)
EN 16751. oSIST prEN 17035:2018

prEN 17035:2018 (E) 5 Surfactants are products which have the ability to reduce interfacial/surface tension, wet surfaces, suspend materials or emulsify oils and fats. In Europe, thousands of producers, manufacturers and nearly every inhabitant use surfactants every day in consumer or industrial applications. The surfactant-producing industry is composed of mainly multinationals. Downstream users are found in multinationals as well as SME's. Surfactants may be produced from both fossil and renewable carbon feedstock (ref. EN 16575 -vocabulary). The amount of crude oil used for surfactant production is, however, low with less than 1 % of the total world's crude oil consumption. Finally, the approach for these Technical Reports/Specifications/Standards intends to strengthen and harmonize the reputation of “bio-based surfactants” and the confidence of the customer in this product group. An overview and considerations for the compilation of this European Standard can be found in the WI 276071 [1]. It will describe existing raw material sources with regard to their current usage in surface active agents, their source identification and conformation, and the options for communication same. It should also include the current work on surfactants regarding their performances, their sustainability, the LCA approaches and end of life options. oSIST prEN 17035:2018

prEN 17035:2018 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard sets requirements for bio-based surfactants in terms of properties, limits, application classes and test methods. It lays down the characteristics and details for assessment of bio-based surfactants as to whether they: — are fit for purpose in terms of performance related properties; — comply with the requirements regarding the health, safety and environment which apply to general surfactants; — are derived from a certain minimum percentage of biomass; and — comply with at least similar sustainability criteria as comparable (non-bio-based) surfactants. The criteria of the regulation on Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) [11] also apply to bio-based surfactants. NOTE EN 16575 defines the term “bio-based” as derived from biomass and clarifies that “bio-based” does not imply “biodegradable”. In addition, “biodegradable” does not necessarily imply the use of “bio-based” material. 2 Normative references The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1772, Surface active agents — Determination of wetting power by immersion (ISO 8022:1990 modified) EN 1890, Surface active agents — Determination of cloud point of non-ionic surface active agents obtained by condensation of ethylene oxide EN 12458, Surface active agents — Determination of stability in hard water EN 12728, Surface active agents — Determination of foaming power — Perforated disc beating method EN 13996, Surface active agents — Foaming power and antifoaming power — Turbine stirring method EN 14210, Surface active agents — Determination of interfacial tension of solutions of surface active agents by the stirrup or ring method EN 14370, Surface active agents — Determination of surface tension EN 14371, Surface active agents — Determination of foamability and degree of foamability — Circulation test method EN 16640, Bio-based products — Bio-based carbon content — Determination of the bio-based carbon content using the radiocarbon method EN 16575, Bio-based products — Vocabulary EN 16751, Bio-based products — Sustainability criteria EN 16760, Bio-based products — Life Cycle Assessment oSIST prEN 17035:2018

prEN 17035:2018 (E) 7 EN 16785-1, Bio-based products — Bio-based content — Part 1: Determination of the bio-based content using the radiocarbon analysis and elemental analysis EN 16785-2, Bio-based products — Bio-based content — Part 2: Determination of the bio-based content using the material balance method EN ISO 14040, Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Principles and framework (ISO 14040) EN ISO 14044, Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Requirements and guidelines (ISO 14044) DIN 53902, Testing of surface active agents; determination of foaming power, modified Ross-Miles-method 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 16575 and the following apply. ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: — IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/ — ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp 3.1 surfactant organic substance possessing surface activity which, dissolved in a liquid, particularly water, lowers the surface or interfacial tension, by preferred adsorption at the liquid/vapour surface, or other interfaces Note 1 to entry: “Substance” as defined in REACH [12]. [SOURCE: EN ISO 862:1995, Definition 1, modified — The term originally defined was “surface active agent” and “a chemical compound” is replaced here with “organic substance” at the beginning of the definition.] 3.2 bio-based surfactant surfactant wholly or partly derived from biomass (based on biogenic carbon) 3.3 bio-surfactant surfactant wholly based on biomass (based on biogenic carbon) produced either by chemical or biotechnological processing 3.4 degradation transformation of a compound into smaller component parts due to the physico-chemical processes, which can occur due to abiotic processes such as oxidation and UV adsorption 3.5 biodegradation transformation of a compound into smaller component parts by means of biological processes oSIST prEN 17035:2018

prEN 17035:2018 (E) 8 3.6 ultimate biodegradation breakdown of organic matter by micro-organisms in the presence of oxygen to carbon dioxide, water and mineral salts of any other elements present (mineralization) or in absence of oxygen to carbon dioxide, methane and mineral salts, and in both cases the production of new biomass 4 Generalities on surfactants Surfactants are products which have the ability to reduce interfacial/surface tension, wet surfaces, suspend materials, or emulsify oils and fats. They make it possible to process, apply, clean or separate materials. Surfactants are widely used in consumer and professional products and for industrial applications. Surfactants are typically used on their own or in combination with other surfactants and other agents to fulfil the requirements of the respective applications. Examples of applications for surfactants are: — cleaning agent; — foaming/defoaming agent; — wetting agent; — emulsifier; — viscosity modifier; — surface tension reducer; — process aid; — fabric softener. NOTE For many applications to perform effectively, surfactants are essential (see for examples the website of the TEGEWA e.V. (TExtilhilfsmittel” (textile auxiliaries), “GErbstoffe” (tanning agents) and “WAschrohstoffe” (detergent raw materials))5). 5 Performance of surfactants 5.1 Generalities related to performance Performance and properties of any molecule, including surfactants, is determined by its chemical structure and not by the origin of its raw materials. This section gives a common set of technical properties characterizing the performance of surfactants including bio-based surfactants. Due to the absence of international surfactant specification standards, it is necessary to provide to potential users the means to qualify the bio-based surfactant products, especially for its technical performance. Additionally, there are a number of other factors which will determine the acceptance of a surfactant such as the Health, Safety and Environmental properties which are treated in another section of this document. Surfactants are used in such a wide variety of applications that it is not convenient to evaluate separately their performance with respect to each application. Therefore, a practical approach is to

5) See www.tegewa.de for a more detailed brochure about typical use of surfactants. oSIST prEN 17035:2018

prEN 17035:2018 (E) 9 define a set of measurable surfactant properties which enable technical specialists to select appropriate surfactants

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