prEN 1366-10
(Main)Fire resistance tests for service installations - Part 10: Smoke control dampers
Fire resistance tests for service installations - Part 10: Smoke control dampers
This Part of this European Standard specifies test methods for smoke control dampers. These tests are required to confirm that the dampers meet the furnace testing requirements of prEN 12101-8. It should be noted that the damper to be tested might require testing to EN 1366-2 and that this should be considered before carrying out these tests. To this end this standard must be read in conjunction with prEN 12101-8, EN 1366-2 and EN 1363, the latter giving the details for fire resistance testing. For installation details the requirements for smoke extraction ducts must be considered and these are defined in EN 1366-8 and EN 1366-9.
Feuerwiderstandsprüfungen für Installationen - Teil 10: Entrauchungsklappen
Essais de résistance au feu des installations techniques - Partie 10 : Volets de désenfumage
Preskusi požarne odpornosti servisnih napeljav – 10. del: Nadzor dimnih loput
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI OSIST prEN 1366-10:2005
PREDSTANDARD
februar 2005
Preskusi požarne odpornosti servisnih napeljav – 10. del: Nadzor dimnih loput
Fire resistance tests for service installations - Part 10: Smoke control dampers
ICS 13.220.50 Referenčna številka
OSIST prEN 1366-10:2005(en)
© Standard je založil in izdal Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje ali kopiranje celote ali delov tega dokumenta ni dovoljeno
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EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 1366-10
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
October 2004
ICS
English version
Fire resistance tests for service installations - Part 10: Smoke
control dampers
Essais de résistance au feu des installations de service -
Partie 10 : Volets de désenfumage
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 127.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2004 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 1366-10:2004: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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prEN 1366-10:2004 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword. 3
1 Scope. 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions. 5
4 Test Equipment . 9
5 Test specimen . 13
6 Test Methods. 13
7 Test procedure . 19
8 Test report . 21
9 Direct field of application of test results . 22
Annex A Cycling test . 39
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prEN 1366-10:2004 (E)
Foreword
This document (prEN 1366-10:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 127, "Fire
safety in buildings", the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
EN 1366 ‘Fire resistance tests for service installations’ consists of the following
Part 1: Ducts
Part 2: Fire dampers
Part 3: Penetration seals (in course of preparation)
Part 4: Linear joint seals (in course of preparation)
Part 5: Service ducts and shafts (in course of preparation)
Part 6: Raised floors (in course of preparation)
Part 7: Closures for conveyors and trackbound transportation systems (in course of preparation)
Part 8: Smoke extraction ducts (in course of preparation)
Part 9: Smoke compartment smoke extraction ducts (in course of preparation)
Part 10: Smoke control dampers
Part 11: Fire protective systems for essential services (in course of preparation)
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prEN 1366-10:2004 (E)
Introduction
The purpose of this standard is to define test methods to evaluate the abilities of smoke control
dampers to
1) be applicable to single compartment and/or multi compartment fire resisting applications;
2) be applicable to automatic systems or systems with manual intervention;
3) change state from closed to open at elevated temperatures;
4) once opened maintain a defined cross sectional area at elevated temperature;
5) maintain a satisfactory leakage performance when subjected to positive pressure at
elevated temperatures.
The units will be mounted for the tests in a manner representative of practice.
Temperature and integrity measurements will be carried out in various parts of the test construction
during the test. Impermeability measurements required will be measured by direct flow measurement
at the prescribed pressure differentials. Ambient leakage of the units will also be recorded.
Performance of these tests will allow products to conform to and be classified to prEN 12101-8. The
required temperatures, pressure differentials etc. are stated in prEN 12101-8.
Completing the tests within this standard does not ensure full compliance with prEN 12101-8, as other,
additional, requirements are defined in that standard.
Caution
The attention of all persons concerned with managing and carrying out this furnace testing is drawn to
the fact that fire testing may be hazardous and that there is a possibility that toxic and/or harmful
smoke and gases may be evolved during the test. Mechanical and operational hazards may also arise
during the construction of the test elements or structures, their testing and disposal of test residues.
An assessment of all potential hazards and risks to health shall be made and safety precautions shall
be identified and provided. Written safety instructions shall be issued. Appropriate training shall be
given to relevant personnel. Laboratory personnel shall ensure that they follow written safety
instructions at all times.
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prEN 1366-10:2004 (E)
1 Scope
This Part of this European Standard specifies test methods for smoke control dampers. These tests
are required to confirm that the dampers meet the furnace testing requirements of prEN 12101-8. It
should be noted that the damper to be tested might require testing to EN 1366-2 and that this should
be considered before carrying out these tests.
To this end this standard must be read in conjunction with prEN 12101-8, EN 1366-2 and EN 1363,
the latter giving the details for fire resistance testing.
For installation details the requirements for smoke extraction ducts must be considered and these are
defined in EN 1366-8 and EN 1366-9
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 1363-1, Fire resistance tests — Part 1: General Requirements
EN 1366-2, Fire resistance tests for service installations — Part 2: Fire dampers
EN 1366-8, Fire resistance tests for service installations — Part 8: Fire resistant Smoke extraction
ducts
EN 1366-9, Fire resistance tests for service installations — Part 9: Single compartment smoke
extraction ducts
EN 1751, The aerodynamic testing of dampers and valves
prEN ISO 13943, Fire safety vocabulary
EN ISO 5167-1, Measurement of fluid flow by means of orifice plates, nozzles and venturi tubes
inserted in circular cross section conduits running full
ISO 5221, Air distribution and air diffusion — Rules to methods of measuring airflow rate in an air
handling duct
prEN 12101-4, Smoke and heat control systems — Part 4: Fire and smoke installations — kits
prEN 12101-7, Smoke and heat control systems — Part 7: Smoke ducts
prEN 12101-8, Smoke and heat control systems — Part 8: Smoke dampers
prEN13501-4, Fire Classification of Construction products and building elements —
Part 4: Classification using data from fire resistance tests on components of smoke control systems
3 Terms and definitions
Where not covered by EN ISO 13943 Fire Safety Vocabulary, the following definitions apply:
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prEN 1366-10:2004 (E)
3.1
air inlet
device connected to outside air to allow the inlet of air from outside the construction work
3.2
attended control room
a room with people, who have the duty to control the smoke exhaust system, permanently (24 hours,
seven days per week) monitor the incoming signals from the smoke control system and put the smoke
control system into operation in case of smoke alarm. This ensures that the smoke control system is
running and items such as dampers are in position within the system response time
3.3
back-up power supply
a power supply to operate the system when the normal power supply has failed
3.4
commissioning
the act of ensuring that all components and the system are installed and operating in accordance with
this standard
3.5
elevated temperature
temperatures in excess of normal ambient air, below those necessary for fire resistance testing, to
which smoke and heat exhaust ducts for single compartments are tested
3.6
fire compartment
an enclosed space, comprising one or more separate spaces, bounded by elements of construction
having a specified fire resistance and intended to prevent the spread of fire (in either direction) for a
given period of time
NOTE Fire compartment often has regulatory connotations. The term should not be confused with "room of
origin" or "fire cell".
3.7
interface control unit
a device with control the operation of the actuator located at the damper or within the same fire zone
as the damper
3.8
modulating actuators
a damper control mechanism which can control the damper to be in a position or number of positions
between fully open and fully closed
3.9
muti compartment fire resisting smoke control damets
smoke control dampers for use in multi compartment areas, which may be associated with smoke
control duct tested to prEN 1366-8 and/or may be installed in a fire compartment structure
3.10
multi compartment fire resisting smoke control system ducts
fire resisting ducts for use in multi compartment application and that have been tested and met the
requirements of prEN 1366-8
3.11
natural smoke and heat control system
a smoke and heat ventilation system which uses natural ventilation. Natural ventilation is caused by
bouyancy forces due to differences in density of the gases because of temperature differences
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prEN 1366-10:2004 (E)
3.12
penetration seal
the product used between the smoke control system duct/damper and the fire compartment structure
to maintain the fire resistance, when tested and having met the requirements of EN 1366-8, at the
position where a smoke Control System Duct passes through the element, or a damper is mounted in
the element
3.13
powered smoke and heat exhaust system
a smoke and heat ventilation system which utilises a number of hot gas fans that are suitable for
handling hot gases for a limited period of time which causes the positive displacement of gases
3.14
pressure differential systems
a system of fans, ducts, vents, and other features provided for the purposes of creating a lower
pressure in the fire zone than in the protected space. (see prEN 12101-6)
3.15
remote signalling
a device located away from the damper which will indicate the damper position, open or closed
3.16
safety position
smoke control dampers do not have a designated safety postion, unlike fire dampers which are closed
in their safety position. Specific projects may require certain dampers to move to an open or closed
position, depending upon the fire location within the building
3.17
single compartment smoke control dampers
smoke control dampers for use in single compartment areas, which may be associated with smoke
control duct tested to prEN 1366-9, and/or may be installed in an external wall, floor or roof
3.18
single compartment smoke control system ducts
ducts for use within single fire compartment application and that have been tested and met the
requirements of prEN 1366-9
3.19
smoke and heat exhaust ventilation system (SHEVS)
a smoke and heat exhaust ventilation system consists of components jointly selected to exhaust
smoke and heat. The components form a system which complies with the requirements of
prEN 12101-4 in order to establish a buoyant layer of warm gases above cooler cleaner air
3.20
smoke and heat exhaust ventilator (SHEV)
device specially designed to move smoke and hot gases out of a construction work under conditions
of fire
3.21
smoke barrier
a barrier to restrict the spread of smoke and hot gases from a fire, forming part of the boundary of a
smoke reservoir or used as a channelling screen, or used as a void edge boundary
3.22
smoke control damper for systems with automatic activation
a smoke control damper that is applicable to the systems defined in 3.26
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prEN 1366-10:2004 (E)
3.23
smoke control damper for systems with manual intervention
a smoke control damper that is applicable to the systems defined in 3.27 and 3.28
3.24
smoke control system damper
a device automatically or manually activated, which maybe open or closed in its operational position,
to control the flow of smoke and hot gases into, from or within a duct
3.25
smoke control system duct
a duct used in a system to control the movement and /or containment of smoke and heat
3.26
smoke control system with automatic activation
a smoke control system (smoke and heat exhaust ventilation type or pressure differential type), that
operates automatically on receipt of a smoke or fire alarm without any manual action/intervention. A
system with an attended control room can also be accepted as an automatic system. Once initiated
the system will not allow the damper position to be changed
3.27
smoke control system with automatic activation and with manual override
a smoke control system (smoke and heat exhaust ventilation type or pressure differential type), that
can be put into operation as 3.26 on receipt of a smoke or fire alarm, but once initiated the system will
allow the damper position to be changed by external input/firemans' override
3.28
smoke control system with manual Initiation
a smoke control system (smoke and heat exhaust ventilation type or pressurization type), that must
be put into operation, on detection smoke or fire, by human intervention. (e.g. by pressing a button,
or pulling a handle) leading to a sequence of automatic actions in the operation of the smoke control
system. Once initiated the system may allow the damper position to be changed by external
input/firemans' override
3.29
smoke layer
layer of smoke that stabilises underneath the roof due to the affect of temperature gradient
3.30
smoke logging
a condition within a building when the hot gases from a fire descend within it to a level whereby the
safe escape of the occupants is hampered and the ingress of firefighters is prevented
3.31
smoke reservoir
region within a building limited or bordered by smoke barriers or structural elements and which will in
the event of a fire retain a thermally buoyant smoke layer
3.32
smoke zone (zones)
areas into which a construction work is divided for the extraction of smoke and hot gases. Each zone
is served by a SHEV, (or sub system of a SHEV) which is initiated by a signal from a single or group
of initiation devices associated with the zone
3.33
structural supports
the means of retaining the smoke control system duct to the building structure
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prEN 1366-10:2004 (E)
3.34
system response time
the time from the initiation of the smoke control system to it being fully operational [This definition
needs to be agreed with 12101-6 group since SC1 decided they have responsibility for this definition]
3.35
thermal operating device
temperature sensitive device which responds to initiate a subsequent action
3.36
triggering device
a device such as a fire detector system, smoke detector or pushbutton which sends an activating
signal to the initiation device(s)
4 Test Equipment
4.1 General
In addition to the test equipment specified in prEN 1363-1, and if applicable, prEN 1363-2, the
following is required: Examples of test configurations are shown in figures 1 and 2.
4.2 Connecting duct for multi compartment fire resisting smoke control damper
maintenance of opening test and 1366-2 test
The connecting duct shall be of all welded construction fabricated from (1.5 ± 0.1) mm thick steel with
a width and height appropriate to the size of fire damper being tested. The duct shall have a length of
two times the diagonal dimension of the damper up to a maximum of 2m. The connecting duct shall
be provided with a gas tight observation window.
4.3 Volume flow measuring station for multi compartment fire resisting smoke
control damper maintenance of opening test and 1366-2 test
This shall consist of a venturi, orifice plate, or other suitable device and (where necessary) an air flow
straightener, installed in straight lengths of pipe, all sized to EN ISO 5167-1 and ISO 5221. It shall be
installed between the connecting duct and the exhaust fan to determine the volume flow rate of gases
passing through the fire damper under test. The measuring device shall be capable of measuring to
an accuracy of ± 5 %. Regardless of whether vertical or horizontal fire dampers are being tested, the
volume flow measuring station shall always be used in a horizontal direction.
4.4 Cycling Equipment
Full information on the equipment needed to perform the cycling tests is shown in annex B. In addition
the following must be considered.
Equipment will be required to control a supply to allow the damper actuator to be cycled. This
equipment will be able to provide the nominal operating power less 10%, plus 15%, and be variable
between these values to confirm that the damper will operate at the extremes. If the unit to be tested
requires a control signal of any type this needs to be provide in addition and will be able to give the
device a signal at each extreme and any in between these.
Methods of loading the smoke control damper will be required
NOTE A device that allows the damper to be cycled automatically, together with a method of recording
completed cycles, would be useful, so that a test could be set to run without attendance, noting that each cycle
could potentially take 120 seconds
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prEN 1366-10:2004 (E)
4.5 Condensing unit
Where materials used in the construction of the test duct or the smoke control damper may generate
quantities of steam during the fire test, a condensing unit having provisions for drainage shall be
installed between the fire damper and the flow measuring device. When using the condensing device,
the temperature recorded by the thermocouple positioned downstream of the flow measuring device
described in 4.3 shall not exceed 40 °C.
A suitable condensing device may be considered to be a water tank fed with water at ambient
temperature with [approximately 9 metres] of measuring duct immersed in the tank prior to reaching
the measuring device providing that there is a means for removal of the condensate. Custom devices
designed by individual laboratories that meet the 40°C condition and allow condensate removal are
allowable.
4.6 Gas temperature measuring devices
These shall be positioned adjacent to the flow measuring device. A suitable device is a 1.5 mm
diameter sheathed thermocouple orientated vertically with its measuring junction located at the centre
line of the measuring duct and at a distance equal to twice the diameter of the measuring duct
downstream from the flow measuring device. A similar thermocouple shall be located at the exit from
the connecting duct plenum (see Ffigure 1).
4.7 Exhaust fan system
This shall be capable of controlling the flow rates and maintaining the specified pressure differential
between the connecting duct and the furnace when the fire damper is closed.
The pressure differential shall be regulated by means of a dilution damper installed just before the fan
inlet. The pressure shall be controlled to within ± 5 % of the specified value. A balancing damper shall
be fitted at the outlet of the fan to adjust the pressure range of the systems to suit the fire damper
under test. A variable speed fan may be used instead of the dilution damper.
4.8 Perforated plate
The perforated plate controls the flow through the duct so that the required differential pressure, see
Table 1, can be achieved. Depending on the end-use conditions, a pressure level from Table 1 shall
be selected: These levels correspond to typical values used in smoke extraction design.
The plate shall be positioned 250 ± 50 mm from where the duct passes through the furnace wall
(see Figures 1 and 2).
These plates shall be made from heat resisting steel, 19 % min. Cr content and 11 % min. Ni content.
The number of holes and dimensions are given in tables 2 and 3. The thickness of the plates shall be
2,5 mm.
NOTE 1 Table 2 gives details of perforated plates for standard rectangular ducts of size 1000 mm × 250 mm.
For smaller sizes, the number of holes will be reduced proportional to the smaller cross-section.
NOTE 2 Table 3 gives details of perforated plates for standard circular ducts of diameter 560 mm. For smaller
sizes, the number of holes will be reduced proportional to the cross-section (a change to larger sizes is not
accepted; see 6.1.2 and Table 5).
Further details of the plate are shown in Figures n1,n2 and n3.
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prEN 1366-10:2004 (E)
Table 1 — Differential pressures between inside and outside the duct for smoke extraction
ductwork
*)
Pressure Level Operating differential pressure at Differential pressure for the
ambient temperature fire test and pre-test calibration
Pa Pa
1 -500 -150
2 -1000 -300
3 -1500 -500
*)
See clause 5.
Table 2 — Details of perforated plates for testing rectangular ducts (see Figure 3)
*)
Pressure level
Specification for perforations
1 2 3
Total number of holes 550 407 324
Number of holes - horizontally 50 37 36
Number of holes - vertically 11 11 9
Diameter of hole (mm) 10 10 10
Horizontal distance from rim e (mm) 15 15 20
Vertical distance from rim c (mm) 15 15 20
Mounting hole separation a (mm) 19,8 26,9 27,4
Mounting hole separation b (mm) 21,8 22 26,3
*)
See clause 5.
Table 3 — Details of perforated plate for testing circular ducts (see Figure 4)
*)
Pressure level
Specification for perforations
1 2 3
Total number of holes 541 403 319
Diameter of hole (mm) 10 10 10
Horizontal distance from rim e (mm) 30 35 35
Mounting hole separation a (mm) 20,8 22,2 27,5
Mounting hole separation b (mm) 20,8 22,2 27,5
*)
See clause 5.
4.9 Inlet nozzles (fire test)
Each nozzle shall have an internal dimension of 160 mm (see Figure 10, suitable for the standard size
of duct specified in 6.1) in accordance with ISO 5167/ISO 5221 and shall be suitably mounted to the
end of the duct with its piezometric ring connected to appropriate differential pressure measuring
equipment. The measuring device shall be capable of measuring to an accuracy of ± 5 %.
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prEN 1366-10:2004 (E)
4.10 Ambient leakage measuring device
These shall be in accordance with ISO 5167/ISO 5221 and suitably mounted to the end of the duct,
connected to appropriate differential pressure measuring equipment. The measuring device shall be
capable of measuring to an accuracy of ± 5 %. Ambient leakage may be used as described in
EN 1751, were this is more practical.
4.11 Pressure sensors for differential pressure control
A tube sensor as specified in EN 1363-1 shall be located at the end of the duct, inside the duct, at the
level of its centre line. A second sensor (e.g. an open end of a measuring tube) shall be located on
the same level outside the duct differential pressure fine control device.
A flow control damper shall be provided for a fine control for maintaining the required differential
pressure. Alternatively, another suitable device such as a variable speed fan may be used. Any flow
control damper shall be attached to the extract fan connecting duct (see 4.8).
4.12 Welded connecting tube
A welded connecting tube is a tube designed to provide a suitable gas tight connection between the
inlet nozzles and the oxygen measuring probes.
4.13 Extract fan connecting duct
An extract fan connecting duct is a duct designed to connect between the test specimen and the
extraction fan. An inlet opening may be provided if a flow control damper is used for fine control of the
differential pressure (see 4.6).
4.14 Extraction fan
The extraction fan provided by the laboratory should be capable of exceeding the test requirements
stated in this standard.
4.15 Thermocouples
1,5 mm sheathed thermocouples shall be provided for measuring the gas temperature adjacent to the
nozzles. An alternative thermocouple may be used, provided it can be shown to have equivalent
response time.
4.16 Oxygen measuring equipment
Equipment for measuring the oxygen content of gases shall be provided. This system shall consist of
paramagnetic cell oxygen analysers together with appropriate equipment for cooling, filtering and
drying the gases. Appropriate connecting tubes and probes shall be provided. The 90 % response
time of the complete system shall be 20 s maximum. The accuracy shall be better than ± 0,1 %.
4.17 Restraint equipment
Restraining equipment shall be applied as for duct B in EN 1366-1. [IS THIS NEEDED?]
4.18 Observation windows
Provision should be made to provide suitable observation windows to allow the test observations to
be made safely.
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prEN 1366-10:2004 (E)
5 Test specimen
5.1 Cross-section
The size of damper subjected to the elevated temperature tests, should be the largest that is to be
manufactured. Cold leakage will be required to be determined on the smallest size to be
maunufactured.
5.2 Design
The test shall be made on a test specimen representative of damper range. Duct installation shall be
as tested.
An attempt shall be made to reproduce the edge conditions and the method of fixing of the damper to
the duct.
6 Test Methods
6.1 General
Smoke Control Dampers shall be tested according to their proposed final application to enable
classification to be made. They may be broadly split into two the two main groups of multi and single
compartment applications. Within these applications there are further tests to which each type may be
subjected and these shall be considered before embarking on a test sequence. The required initiation
regime and number of cycles to be tested should be included within the sequence of testing
6.1.1 Initiation regimes for elevated temperature and fire tests
6.1.1.1 Smoke Control Damper for Systems with Automatic Activation
T = 0 seconds - furnace ignition
a) damper mounted in furnace closed;
b) damper mounted outside open, unless if in its application it will never be open at the
commencement of a smoke situation.
T = 30 seconds
a) Signal damper mounted in furnace to move to open position;
b) Signal damper mounted outside furnace to close or the damper remains in the closed position, if
in its application it will never be open at the commencement of a smoke situation.
T = 90 seconds - Dampers to reach end positions
6.1.1.2 Smoke Control Damper for Systems with Manual Intervention:
T = 0 minutes - furnace ignition
a) damper mounted in furnace closed;
b) damper mounted outside open, unless if in its application it will never be open at the
commencement of a smoke situation.
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prEN 1366-10:2004 (E)
T = 25 minutes
a) Signal damper mounted in furnace to move to open position;
b) Signal damper mounted outside furnace to close or the damper remains in the closed position, if
in its application it will never be open at the commencement of a smoke situation.
T = 26 minutes - Dampers to reach end positions
6.1.2 Cycling test requirements (to form part of the se
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