prEN 4877-001
(Main)Aerospace series - Filler metals for welding - Part 001: Technical specification
Aerospace series - Filler metals for welding - Part 001: Technical specification
Luft- und Raumfahrt - Schweißzusätze - Teil 001: Technische Spezifikation
Série aérospatiale - Métaux d’apport de soudage - Partie 001: Spécification technique
Le présent document définit les exigences relatives aux commandes, à la fabrication, aux essais, aux contrôles et à la livraison de toutes les formes de métal d’apport. Il doit être appliqué lorsqu'il est cité en référence et conjointement avec la spécification d’approvisionnement du produit, sauf instruction contraire figurant sur le dessin, la commande ou la fiche d'essais.
Aeronavtika - Dodajni materiali za varilne kable - 001. del: Tehnična specifikacija
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 4877-001:2022
01-januar-2022
Aeronavtika - Dodajni materiali za varilne kable - 001. del: Tehnična specifikacija
Aerospace series - Filler metals for welding - Part 001: Technical specification
Luft- und Raumfahrt - Schweißzusätze - Teil 001: Technische Lieferbedingungen
Série aérospatiale - Métaux d’apport de soudage - Partie 001: Spécification technique
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 4877-001
ICS:
25.160.20 Potrošni material pri varjenju Welding consumables
49.025.05 Železove zlitine na splošno Ferrous alloys in general
oSIST prEN 4877-001:2022 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 4877-001:2022
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 4877-001
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
November 2021
ICS
English Version
Aerospace series - Filler metals for welding - Part 001:
Technical specification
Série aérospatiale - Métaux d'apport de soudage - Luft- und Raumfahrt - Schweißzusätze - Teil 001:
Partie 001: Spécification technique Technische Lieferbedingungen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee ASD-
STAN.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 4877-001:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Wording of order . 7
5 Health and safety . 7
6 List of authorized filler metals . 7
7 Technical requirements . 8
7.1 General . 8
7.2 Supply . 8
7.2.1 Agreement . 8
7.2.2 Freezing the production operation sheets. 8
7.2.3 Production process. 8
7.2.4 Transformation . 8
7.2.5 Heat treatment . 8
7.2.6 Surface condition . 9
7.2.7 Batching . 9
7.2.8 Packaging . 9
7.2.9 Marking . 9
7.2.10 Traceability . 9
7.3 Inspections and tests . 9
7.3.1 General . 9
7.3.2 Chemical composition . 10
7.3.3 Dimensional inspection . 10
7.3.4 Product appearance . 10
7.3.5 Uniformity of the batch . 10
7.3.6 Bend diameter test . 10
7.3.7 Unwinding test . 11
7.3.8 Spiral test . 11
7.3.9 Melting capacity of product . 11
7.3.10 Non-susceptible to intergranular corrosion (for coated electrodes) . 13
7.3.11 Particle size (for powders) . 14
7.4 Qualification requirements . 14
7.5 Release requirements . 15
7.5.1 Release tests . 15
7.5.2 Retests . 15
7.5.3 Rejection. 15
7.5.4 Special tests . 15
7.5.5 Capability clause . 15
7.5.6 Statistical process control . 16
7.5.7 Inspection and test report . 16
Bibliography . 30
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European foreword
This document (prEN 4877-001:2021) has been prepared by the Aerospace and Defence Industries
Association of Europe — Standardization (ASD-STAN).
After enquiries and votes carried out in accordance with the rules of this Association, this document has
received the approval of the National Associations and the Official Services of the member countries of
ASD-STAN, prior to its presentation to CEN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
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Introduction
This document is part of the series of EN metallic material standards for aerospace applications. The
general organization of this series is described in EN 4258.
From the date of publication of this document, specifications for different welding products can be
written in only one standard instead of separated material standards.
Already existing material standards of filler metals for welding can continue to follow the organization
described in EN 4258.
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1 Scope
This document defines the requirements for the ordering, manufacture, testing, inspection and delivery
of all forms of filler metal. It is applied when referred to and in conjunction with the product procurement
specification unless otherwise specified on the drawing, order or inspection schedule.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 2032-001, Aerospace series - Metallic materials - Part 001: Conventional designation
EN 2032-2, Aerospace series - Metallic materials - Part 2: Coding of metallurgical condition in delivery
condition
EN 2078, Aerospace series - Metallic materials - Manufacturing schedule, inspection schedule, inspection
and test report - Definition, general principles, preparation and approval
1
FprEN 4259:2019, Aerospace series — Metallic materials — Definition of general terms
EN 4268, Aerospace series - Metallic materials - Heat treatment facilities - General requirements
EN 4877-002, Aerospace series — Filler metals for welding — Part 002: Authorized filler metals
EN ISO 544, Welding consumables - Technical delivery conditions for filler materials and fluxes - Type of
product, dimensions, tolerances and markings (ISO 544:2017)
ISO 3954, Powders for powder metallurgical purposes — Sampling
ISO 4063, Welding and allied processes — Nomenclature of processes and reference numbers
ISO 4497, Metallic powders — Determination of particle size by dry sieving
2
TR 4607, Aerospace series — Weldability test for weld filler metal wire
1
At draft stage.
2
Published as ASD-STAN Technical Report at the date of publication of this document by AeroSpace and Defence
industries Association of Europe — Standardization (ASD-STAN), http://www.asd-stan.org/.
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3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in FprEN 4259:2019 and the following
apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
filler metal for welding
is supplied in the form of:
• wire;
wrought product of uniform solid section supplied in coil or on spools;
• rod;
wire supplied in straight cut lengths
3.2
heat
metal from a same last melting operation
3.3
producer
producer of the alloy
3.4
supplier
producer, transformer or reseller
3.5
batch
quantity of product from one manufacturing campaign, and characterised by a homogeneous chemical
composition and grain size/diameter
3.6
product
generic term used to indicate the material as it shall be manufactured and delivered by the supply source
3.7
reseller
company that performs product storage and reselling operations
3.8
transformer
producer of product in the form requested by the customer (rod or wire)
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4 Wording of order
The order shall clearly indicate:
• quantities to be supplied;
• dates of delivery;
• material designation;
• material standard number, or EN 4877-002 (when the product procurement specification is
described in EN 4877-002);
• marking method;
• delivery condition;
• dimensions and tolerances or reference to an appropriate dimensional standard;
• forwarding address;
• nature and type of packing, if required;
• definition and frequency of any special tests and their retest procedures, if required.
5 Health and safety
The product in the delivery condition should fulfil the health and safety laws of the area of the country
when and where it is to be delivered.
A product safety data sheet shall be available.
The implementation of certain special processes implies using substances or chemical preparations that
may present risks for health, safety, or the environment. In addition to the regulations in effect in the
country where the process is performed, the purchaser can prohibit and/or restrict the use of certain
substances by its subcontractors. These prohibitions and/or restrictions can be described in the
applicable procedures of the purchaser.
Furthermore, in strict compliance with the applicable regulations, subcontractor should use the
chemicals presenting a lower risk for a given set of processes, when several choices of chemicals exist.
Pursuant to the applicable regulations, the subcontractors should
• be informed of and comply with the recommendations and the uses identified provided in the
material safety data sheets for the chemical substances used in processes, and
• apply the prevention and protection measures specified in the safety data sheets and/or resulting
from the workstation chemical risk assessment, in accordance with the applicable health and safety
regulations.
6 List of authorized filler metals
Filler metals authorized with associated material standard are listed in EN 4877-002.
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7 Technical requirements
7.1 General
The product shall be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of the relevant product’s
procurement specification and the applicable requirements of this specification. A manufacturing
schedule shall be established and applied in accordance with EN 2078.
Product shall satisfy the requirements of the product’s procurement specification and/or order and shall
be free from irregularities and defects prejudicial to the subsequent manufacture or use of this product.
Notwithstanding previous acceptance complying with this product’s procurement specification, any
product that is found, at a later stage, to contain such defects shall be rejected. Instructions for the use of
the material standard are contained in EN 4258.
Unless otherwise specified, the requirements in Table 3 and Table 4 shall apply in conjunction with those
of the relevant product’s procurement specification. Table 3 relates to lines 1 to 29 (inclusive) of the
material standard and Table 4 relates to line 30 onwards in which the sub-line format is also used.
Lines 2 to 98 may also be opened in line 100 if the product’s procurement specification details specific
qualification requirements. If a specific line number is not shown in Table 3 and Table 4, the requirement
is stated in the product’s procurement specification and/or order.
7.2 Supply
7.2.1 Agreement
All products covered by the present document shall be produced by supply sources approved by the
purchaser, according to the procedures in force.
7.2.2 Freezing the production operation sheets
The producer shall ensure consistent quality.
The manufacturing and inspection operation sheet can be modified by the producer provided that the
proposed modifications have no influence on part quality. It shall inform the purchaser’s Quality
Departments and demonstrate that the level of the product has not been affected by this change.
Otherwise, the request for change shall be submitted to the notice of the purchaser’s Quality Department
for a decision.
The purchaser reserves the right to check the relevance of the changes made by the supply source.
7.2.3 Production process
See Table 3, line 4.2 “Method of production”.
7.2.4 Transformation
The transformation shall make it possible to obtain the dimensional, metallurgical, surface roughness and
quality requirements stipulated in the present document and in the product procurement specification
of the product.
7.2.5 Heat treatment
See Table 3, line 6.1 “Delivery conditions — Heat treatment”.
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7.2.6 Surface condition
Unless indicated otherwise in the product’s procurement document or the order, the required surface
condition is chemical pickling, with prior machine finishing in certain cases. In cases of a product
delivered in annealed condition in a controlled atmosphere, the pickling may be removed if the surface
condition following annealing has no negative effect on the welding.
7.2.7 Batching
Unless otherwise specified in the order or with the agreement of the purchaser, the delivered welding
rods and wires shall come from the same batch.
7.2.8 Packaging
See Table 3, line 6.1 “Delivery conditions”.
7.2.9 Marking
See Table 3, line 6.1 “Delivery conditions”.
7.2.10 Traceability
Each product shall be traceable to the cast production batch and/or heat treatment batch at all stages of
manufacture and delivery.
Traceability shall be established in order to be able to trace, for each product, the concerned heat, the
manufacturing and heat treatment steps, the inspections and the batches delivered.
The supply source shall keep the documents relative to the manufacture and inspections of the product
at the disposal of the purchaser.
7.3 Inspections and tests
7.3.1 General
7.3.1.1 Qualification of test laboratories
Laboratories performing the inspections and tests described in this document and in the procurement
documents specific to the products shall meet the purchaser requirements applicable to said inspections
and tests.
7.3.1.2 Test frequency
The supply source shall perform all the inspections and tests required in the product’s specific
procurement document and in the present document.
When an inspection frequency is set in this document, it may be alleviated in light of experience, at the
discretion of the Quality Department concerned.
When the present document specifies a test frequency of 10 % of the products, this means that, if the
number of products per batch is N, the tests shall be conducted on a minimum amount of products as
determined by the chart of Table 1.
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Table 1
Product amount N Minimum amount of products to test
< 5 N
5 ≤ N < 50 5
50 ≤ N < 200 N/10
N > 200 20
7.3.1.3 Sampling of test pieces
The sample is to be taken from the outer end of the spool.
7.3.1.4 Miscellaneous testing
Additional testing, not specified in the present document, may be required in the product’s specific
procurement documentation.
7.3.2 Chemical composition
See Table 3, line 2 “Chemical composition”.
7.3.3 Dimensional inspection
See Table 4, line 96 “Dimensional inspection”.
7.3.4 Product appearance
7.3.4.1 Wires and rods
See Table 4, line 44 “External defects”, sub-line 3 “Wire or rod” and sub-line 7 “Acceptance criteria”.
7.3.4.2 Coated electrodes
The coatings checked on the electrodes in the packet shall neither be humid or greasy. The surface shall
be uniform. Cracks in the coating are not acceptable, according to EN ISO 544.
Frequency: 10 % of products (see 7.3.1.2).
7.3.4.3 Powders
Powders shall be free from oxidation and contamination, and approximately spherical.
Frequency: One per batch. Sampling according to ISO 3954.
7.3.5 Uniformity of the batch
See Table 4, line 82 “Batch uniformity”.
7.3.6 Bend diameter test
This test is only performed for wires with a diameter 2 mm.
Four coils on the spool are taken as a sample and left to unwind freely on a flat surface. The coils will
unwind on the flat surface and form a circle, which shall have a diameter between:
• wire diameter 1,2 mm: 200 mm and 900 mm;
• wire diameter > 1,2 mm: 380 mm and 900 mm.
Frequency: One per spool.
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7.3.7 Unwinding test
Fluttering movements on the wire shall not exceed an amplitude of 1 mm measured at 15 mm from the
wire guide outlet.
Frequency: One per spool.
7.3.8 Spiral test
This test is only performed for wires with a diameter 2 mm.
A spiral is measured on the sample that was used for the bend diameter test. The largest spiral formed
by the coil when placed unattached on a horizontal surface shall not exceed 100 mm (shall not create a
plastic deformation during handling).
Frequency: One per batch.
7.3.9 Melting capacity of product
7.3.9.1 General
The supply source is bound to guarantee the welding capability of the delivered product by checking the
results to be obtained according to the clauses below.
Frequency: Under supply source guarantee. This test is required by the purchaser as part of the approval
in case of customer disputes or difficulties encountered during manufacturing.
7.3.9.2 Wires and rods
7.3.9.2.1 Type of test
For this test, a molten metal deposit is created with the product to be delivered, preferably using the TIG
welding process (according to ISO 4063) or, subject to approval by Safran, the oxy-acetylene (oxy-fuel)
welding process (according to ISO 4063).
A sample approximately 2 mm thick and 60 mm per side is taken from a sheet of metal:
• made of steel C8E (AISI 1008) for unalloyed and low-alloy steels;
• made of X2CrNi18-10 (AISI 304L) for stainless steels and heat-resistant alloys;
• made of 5754 (AG3) or 5356 (AG5) for aluminium alloys;
• made of Ti40 (T40) for titanium and titanium alloys.
The surface of the sample shall be cleaned beforehand to obtain a surface that is comparable to the parts
to be welded.
7.3.9.2.2 Welding parameters
The parameters shall be adjusted to melt the metal to be checked and protect it from oxidization due to
contact with the air during deposit.
7.3.9.2.3 Test process
The product to be tested is melted in a continuous, uniform fashion in order to obtain a metal bead deposit
5 mm to 15 mm wide and 3 mm to 5 mm thick, by a qualified welder.
7.3.9.2.4 Result to be obtained
The melting shall be smooth, with no spattering. The deposits shall be compact and adhering.
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7.3.9.3 Coated electrodes
7.3.9.3.1 Test piece
A qualified welder shall create a test piece according to Figure 1, and including
• a butt weld, and
• an inner fillet weld.
Sheet metal made of the following materials is required:
• X2CrNi18-10 (AISI 304L) or X6CrNiTi18 (AISI 321) for high-alloy steels;
• C8E (AISI 1008) for unalloyed and low-alloy steels.
The sheet thickness is selected based on the chart defined in Table 2.
Table 2
Diameter of
electrodes 1,5 and 1,6 2 2,5 3,2 4
(mm)
Sheet
thickness 1,2 2 2,5 3 3
(mm)
Dimensions in millimetres
Figure 1
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7.3.9.3.2 Result to be obtained
When making the beads, a check is performed to ensure electrode melting is correct, in particular with
respect to the following:
• ease with which arcing and re-arcing is performed;
• arc stability;
• production of fumes;
• flow (casting) capability of metal;
• shape of rod edge after welding:
• at normal intensity;
• with excess intensity;
• with low intensity;
• metal spattering;
• ease with which slag is removed.
After welding, the soundness of the deposits is checked via radiographic examinations. Slight indications
are only allowed (such as inclusions or blowholes) at the start of the bead and on any eventual reworking.
7.3.10 Non-susceptible to intergranular corrosion (for coated electrodes)
The supply source for coated electrodes is bound to guarantee the non-susceptibility to intergranular
corrosion via an examination of the results to be obtained according to the clauses listed below.
Frequency: under supply source guarantee. This test is required as part of the approval in case of
customer disputes or difficulties encountered during manufacturing.
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Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 parts to be scrapped
2 bending axis
Figure 2
The sheet thickness shall be approximately the same as the electrode diameter.
The test piece is subject to heat for 30 min at 650 °C, air cooled and then placed for 72 h in a boiling,
aqueous solution of:
• 111 g/l of copper sulphate (SO4Cu, 5H20);
• 98 g/l of sulfuric acid at a density of 1,84.
No cracks are allowed after bending the test piece at a 90° angle, perpendicular to the weld bead, along a
radius equal to 3 times the sheet thickness.
7.3.11 Particle size (for powders)
Determination of particle size by dry sieve analysis according to ISO 4497.
Frequency: each batch. Sampling according to ISO 3954.
7.4 Qualification requirements
Qualification requirements when invoked by the product’s procurement specification and/or order are
detailed in Table 3 and Table 4. Unless otherwise agreed between the manufacturer and purchaser the
qualification phase shall be run on the first 3 batches.
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7.5 Release requirements
7.5.1 Release tests
Release testing shall be the responsibility of the manufacturer.
The purchaser reserves the right to perform any of the inspections and/or tests required by the product’s
procurement specification and/or order.
The test samples shall be representative of the product.
When required the manufacturer shall inform the purchaser of the planned dates for extraction of
samples and release testing in order that these operations may be witnessed.
Table 1 and Table 2 detail the requirements for each line of the product’s procurement specification.
Unless otherwise specifically requested by the purchaser, a particular inspection and/or test for release
shall be carried out if corresponding acceptance criteria and/or values are stated in the applicable
product’s procurement specification, but see also 7.5.5 “Capability clause”.
7.5.2 Retests
If the test procedure or test piece preparation is faulty, testing shall be re-applied at the original frequency
after rectification of the original cause of failure.
When failure cannot be attributed to faulty testing, or test piece preparation, further test samples shall
be selected at twice the original frequency from the product, one of which shall be that on which the
original results were obtained unless already withdrawn by the manufacturer after suitable identification
of the cause of failure. If all retest res
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