EN ISO 4600:1997
(Main)Plastics - Determination of environmental stress cracking (ESC) - Ball or pin impression method (ISO 4600:1992)
Plastics - Determination of environmental stress cracking (ESC) - Ball or pin impression method (ISO 4600:1992)
Kunststoffe - Bestimmung der umgebungsbedingten Spannungsrißbildung (ESC) - Kugel- oder Stifteindrückverfahren (ISO 4600:1992)
Diese Internationale Norm legt Verfahren fest zum Bestimmen der Umgebungsbedingten Spannungsrißbildung (ESC) von Kunststoffen, in dem diese unter konstanter Dehnung geprüft werden. Diese Prüfung ist für Endprodukte und für Probekörper anwendbar, die durch Spritzgießen und/oder mechanische Bearbeitung hergestellt wurden and kann verwendet werden zur Bestimmung von beidem, der ESC eines Kunststoffes oder Werkstoffes, der unterschiedlichen Umgebungen ausgesetzt ist, und zur Bestimmung der ESC von verschiedenen Kunststoffen, die einer spezifischen Umgebung ausgesetzt sind.
Plastiques - Détermination de la fissuration sous contrainte dans un environnement donné (ESC) - Méthode par enfoncement de billes ou de goupilles (ISO 4600:1992)
Polimerni materiali - Določanje napetostne korozije (ESC) - Metoda s kroglico ali iglo (ISO 4600:1992)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 4600:2000
01-maj-2000
3ROLPHUQLPDWHULDOL'RORþDQMHQDSHWRVWQHNRUR]LMH (6& 0HWRGDVNURJOLFRDOL
LJOR ,62
Plastics - Determination of environmental stress cracking (ESC) - Ball or pin impression
method (ISO 4600:1992)
Kunststoffe - Bestimmung der umgebungsbedingten Spannungsrißbildung (ESC) - Kugel
- oder Stifteindrückverfahren (ISO 4600:1992)
Plastiques - Détermination de la fissuration sous contrainte dans un environnement
donné (ESC) - Méthode par enfoncement de billes ou de goupilles (ISO 4600:1992)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 4600:1997
ICS:
83.080.01 Polimerni materiali na Plastics in general
splošno
SIST EN ISO 4600:2000 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 4600:2000
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SIST EN ISO 4600:2000
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SIST EN ISO 4600:2000
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SIST EN ISO 4600:2000
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SIST EN ISO 4600:2000
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SIST EN ISO 4600:2000
ISO
INTERNATIONAL
4600
STANDARD
Second edition
1992-08-15
---
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Plastics - Determination of environmental
- Ball or pin impression
stress cracking (ESC)
method
Plastiques -- D~terniination de ia fissnration sous contrainte dans un
Methode par enfoncement de billes ou
environnemenf donne (ESC) -
de goupilles
Reference number
ISO 4600: 1992(E)
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SIST EN ISO 4600:2000
ISO 4600:1992(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
federation of national Standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work
of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Esch member body interested in a subject for
which a technical committee has been established has the right to he
represented on that committee. International organizations, govern-
mental and non-governmental, in iiaison with ISO, also take part in the
work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnicai
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are
circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an Inter-
national Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member
bodies casting a vote.
International Standard ISO 4600 was prepared by Technical Committee
ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Sub-Committee SC 6, Ageirig, chemical and envi-
ronmental resistance.
This second edition cancels and replaces the fit-st edition
(ISO 4600:1981), of which it constitutes a technical revision.
0 ISO 1992
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any ferm
or by any means, electronie or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without
Permission in writing fror-n the publisher.
International Organizati 0t-l for Stand ardiz ation
Case Postale 56 * CH-l 21 1 Geneve 20. Switzer Iand
Printed in Switzerland
ii
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SIST EN ISO 4600:2000
ISO 4600:1992(E)
lntroduction
Environmental stress cracking is exhibited by many materials, including
plastics. When a plastic material is stressed or strained in air below its
yield Point, stress cracking tan occur after a period of time, which may
be very long. These Stresses may be internal or external, or a combi-
nation of both. Exposure to a Chemical medium simultaneously with the
Same stress or strain may result in a dramatic shor-tening of the time to
failure. This phenomenon is referred to as environmental stress crack-
ing (ESC). The permissible long-term siress or strain may be reduced
considerably by this phenomenon.
The Cracks produced may penetrate cornpletely through the thickness
of the material, separating it into two or more pieces, or they may be
arrested on reaching regions of lower stress or different material
rnorphology.
The determ ination of ES C is complex because it is influenced by many
para meters including:
9
~ test specimen dimensions;
- test specimen state (orientation, structure, internal Stresses);
-
stress and strain;
--- temperature of test;
- duration of test;
--
Chemical medium;
test method:
failure criterion.
By Iteeping all but one Parameter constant, the influence of the variable
Parameter on ESC tan be assessed. The main objective of ESC
measurernents is to determine the effect of Chemical media (environ-
ment) on plastics (test specimens and articles). The measurements may
also be used to evaluate the influence of the moulding conditions upon
the quality of an article when the failure mode corresponds to that ob-
tained in actual Service. lt may not be possible, however, to establish
any direct correlation between the results of short-duration ESC
measurements on test specimens and the actual Service behaviour of
articles, because the behaviour of the latter is Iikely to be more complex
than that of test specimens.
. . .
111
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SIST EN ISO 4600:2000
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SIST EN ISO 4600:2000
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4600:1992(E)
Plastics - Determination of environmental stress cracking
- Ball or pin impression method
(ESC)
1SO 468: 1982, Surface rouqhness - Parameters, their
1 Scope
values and ~ qeneral ‘- rtiles fot- specifying
requiremen ts.
This International Standard specifies methods for
the determination of environmentaI stress cracking
ISO/R 527:1966, Plastics - Determination of tensile
(ESC) of plastics by means of a constant-strain test.
properties.
The test is applicable to finished products and to test
ISO 2557-1:1989, Plastics ~ Amorphous thermoplas-
specimens, prepared by moulding and/or rnachin-
tics - Preparatior7 of test specimens with a specified
ing, and tan be used for the assessment of both ESC
maximcim reversion - Pari 1: Bars.
of a plastic product or material exposed to different
environments, and for the determination of ESC of
ISO 2818:1980, Plastics -- Reparation of test speci-
different piastics materials exposed to a specific
rnens by machining.
environment.
NOTE 1 An alternative method for the determination of ISO 3167:1983, Plastics - Preparation and use of
environmental stress cracking by means of a constant-
multjpurpose fest specimens.
strain test is specified in ISO 4599. A method for the de-
termination of environmental stress cracking by means
ISO 4599: 1986, Plastics --- Determination-, of resisf-
of a constant-stress test is specified in ISO 6252.
ante to environmental stress cracking (ESC) - Beritt
Strip meihod.
ISO 6252:1992, Plastics - Determination of environ-
2 Normative references
mental stress cracking (ESC) - Constant-tensile-
str-ess method.
The foHowing Standards contain provisions which,
through reference in this text, constitute provisions
of this International Standard. At the time of publi-
cation, the editions indicated were valid. AH stan-
3 Definitions
dards are subject to revision, and Parties to
agreements based on this International Standard
For the purposes of this International Standard, the
are encouraged to investigate the possibility of ap-
following definitions apply.
plying the most recent editions of the Standards in-
dicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain
3.1 oversize (dJ: The differente between the di-
registers of currently valid International Standards.
ameter of an impressed steel ball or pin (L&) and the
diameter of the hole (d,,) drilled into the test speci-
ISO 178:1975, Plasiics - Determination of flexural
men.
properfies of rigid plastics.
d
Cl=
ISO 291:1977, Piastics - Standard atmospheres for
conditioning and testing.
3.2 deformation Step: A determination made at a
defined oversize.
ISO 293:1986, Plastics - Compressior, moulding test
specimens of thermoplastic materials.
3.3 deformation step Zero: A determination made
ISO 294: 1975, Plastics - Injec tion moulo’inq fest
using test specimens that are driHed and reamed
L
specimens of thermoplastic materials.
only, i.e. without irnpressing a ball or pin.
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SIST EN ISO 4600:2000
ISO 4600:1992(E)
NOTE 3 It is sufficient to measure the elongation be-
3.4 deformation series: A nurnber of successive
tween the grips.
deformation Steps beginning with deformation step
Zero.
If the value for the tensile stress or flexural stress is
required, refer the forte to the smallest cross-
NOTE 2 Normally, a deformation series consists of
seven deformation Steps of increasing severity. sectional area of the specimen at the Iocation of the
hole.
3.5 failure limit: The oversize in a deformation se-
3.6 relative-stress-cracking factor: The ratio of the
ries that produces failure, as specified in terms of
failure Iimit in the test environment to that in a ref-
the following failure criteria:
erence environment, for example air, measured at
the Same test temperature after the Same test du-
a) in method A (for test specimens taken from pro-
ration.
ducts), as visible Cracks, observable with the
unaided eye;
4 Principle
b) in method B (for moulded or machined test
specimens), by the following criteria (See
A constant strain, produced by impressed balls or
figure 1):
pins in a test specimen in a test environment, often
generates microcracks which may, in time, develop
m ten
a 5 7% reduction in the maximu sile forte
to visible Cracks. To shorten the time for the test, the
Zero (criterion
measured at deformati on step
failure may be accelerated by subsequent mechan-
BI 1'
ical testing. If products cannot be assessed by me-
chanical tests, visual examination for Cracks around
a 5 % reduction in the maximum flexural
the balls or pins may be undertaken.
forte measured at deformation step Zero
(criterion BZ), A hole of specified diameter is drilled in the speci-
men, an oversize steel ball or pin is inset-ted into the
3) a 20 % reduction in the tensile elongation at
hole and the test specimen is brought into contact
rupture measured at deformation step Zero
with a Chemical medium. This procedure is repeated
(criterion BS). using balls or pins of progressively greater diam-
eter. Afler a specified time, the effect of the inter-
If there is no rupture immediately after application action may be determined by visual examination
of the maximum tensile forte, the tensile elongation (method A) or by the determination of the tensile or
at 50 % of the preceding maximum tensile forte flexural properties (method B). A parallel series of
(see figure 1) may be measured. Failure is then de- tests may be performed in which the test specimens
fined by a 20 96 reduction in the value at defor- at-e exposed to air and the comparative hehaviour
mation step Zero (criterion B4). determined.
Maximum
Elongation
Figure 1 - Failure criteria for method E?
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SIST EN ISO 4600:2000
ISO 4600:1992(E)
Pins are preferred for a Single series of test
NOTE 4
or articies with thicknesses greaier than
speci mens
Table 1 - Recommended range of diameters
1 mm. The deformation of the test specimen is the same
Dimensions in millimetres
along the whole length of the hole.
Diameter Increment
Balls at-e preferred for a number of series of test speci-
mens or articles and for routine testing if the specimens
2,98 to 3,2 0,Ol
have a thickness of 2 mm to 4 tnm. The deformation of the
test specimen is greatest at the ball equator.
3,2 to 3,5 0,05
3,5 to 4,0 0,lO
Due to the differentes in defortnation, the results of ball
tests and pin tests may be different.
4,0 to 6,0
0,50
5.7 Jig, for drilling and reaming the holes (
ure 2).
5 Apparatus
or pins
5.8 Apparatus for pressing the balls
hole.
5.1 Drilling machine, operating at a suitaple fre-
The spindle of the drilling machine or the
quency of rotation, for example at 1 000 rnin .
testing machine itself may be used.
5.2 Drills, of diameter 2,8 mm.
5.9 Vessels, for immersion of the specimens.
5.10 Glock.
5.3 Reamer, suitable for finishing a hole of diam-
eter (3,00 & 0,05) mrn.
5.11 Flexural- or tensile-testing machine (see
NOTE 5 A 3H7 reamer (3,004 mm to 3,008 mm) is suit-
ISO 178 and ISO/R 527), for the determination of
able.
flexural or tensile properties.
5.4 Plug gauges, or oiher suitable devices, for
6 Test specimens
measuring the diameter of the reamed holes to
within 0,005 mm.
6.1 Shape
In general, use test specimens of the shape and
for determining the d iameter of the
5.5 M icrometer,
method of preparation specified in the International
an accuracy of 0,001 mm.
balls o r pins with
Standard appropriate to the material or product
concerned.
5.6 Steel balls or Pins.
If the relevant International Standard contains no
such specifications, test specimens of the following
NOTE 6 If steel is attacked in the test environment,
shape shall be used.
other suitable
...
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