FprCEN/TS 19101
(Main)Design of fibre-polymer composite structures
Design of fibre-polymer composite structures
1.1 Scope of FprCEN/TS 19101
(1) This document applies to the design of buildings, bridges and other civil engineering structures in fibre-polymer composite materials, including permanent and temporary structures. It complies with the principles and requirements for the safety, serviceability and durability of structures, the basis of their design and verification that are given in EN 1990.
NOTE In this document, fibre-polymer composite materials are referred to as composite materials or as composites.
(2) This document is only concerned with the requirements for resistance, serviceability, durability and fire resistance of composite structures.
NOTE 1 Specific requirements concerning seismic design are not considered.
NOTE 2 Other requirements, e.g. concerning thermal or acoustic insulation, are not considered.
(3) This document gives a general basis for the design of composite structures composed of (i) composite members, or (ii) combinations of composite members and members of other materials (hybrid-composite structures), and (iii) the joints between these members.
(4) This document applies to composite structures in which the values of material temperature in members, joints and components in service conditions are (i) higher than -40 °C and (ii) lower than - 20 °C, where is the glass transition temperature of composite, core and adhesive materials, defined according to 5.1(1).
(5) This document applies to:
(i) composite members, i.e. profiles and sandwich panels, and
(ii) bolted, bonded and hybrid joints and their connections.
NOTE 1 Profiles and sandwich panels can be applied in structural systems such as beams, columns, frames, trusses, slabs, plates and shells.
NOTE 2 Sandwich panels include homogenous core and web-core panels. In web-core panels, the cells between webs can be filled (e.g. with foam) or remain empty (e.g. panels from pultruded profiles).
NOTE 3 This document does not apply to sandwich panels made of metallic face sheets.
NOTE 4 Built-up members can result from the assembly of two or more profiles, through bolting and/or adhesive bonding.
NOTE 5 The main manufacturing processes of composite members include pultrusion, filament winding, hand layup, resin transfer moulding (RTM), resin infusion moulding (RIM), vacuum-assisted resin transfer moulding (VARTM).
NOTE 6 This document does not apply to composite cables or special types of civil engineering works (e.g. pressure vessels, tanks or chemical storage containers).
(6) This document applies to:
(i) the composite components of composite members, i.e. composite plies, composite laminates, sandwich cores and plates or profiles, and
(ii) the components of joints or their connections, i.e. connection plates or profiles (e.g. cleats), bolts, and adhesive layers.
NOTE 1 Composite components are composed of composite materials (i.e. fibres and matrix resins) and core materials. Components of joints and their connections are also composed of composite, steel or adhesive materials.
NOTE 2 The fibre architecture of composite components can comprise a single type of fibres or a hybrid of two or more types of fibres.
NOTE 3 This document does not apply to composite components used for internal reinforcement of concrete structures (composite rebars) or strengthening of existing structures (composite rebars, strips or sheets).
(7) This document applies to composite materials, comprising:
(i) glass, carbon, basalt or aramid fibres, and
(ii) a matrix based on unsaturated polyester, vinylester, epoxy or phenolic thermoset resins.
Bemessung von Tragwerken aus Faserverbund-Kunststoffen
Anwendungsbereich von FprCEN/TS 19101
(1) Dieses Dokument gilt für die Tragwerksplanung von Hochbauten, Brücken und anderen Ingenieurbauten aus Faserverbund-Kunststoffen, einschließlich dauerhaften Tragwerken und Hilfstragwerken. Es entspricht den in EN 1990 angegebenen Grundsätzen und Anforderungen für die Sicherheit, Gebrauchstauglichkeit und Dauerhaftigkeit von Tragwerken, ihre Bemessungsgrundlage und den Nachweis.
ANMERKUNG In diesem Dokument werden Faserverbund-Kunststoffe als Verbundwerkstoffe oder Verbund bezeichnet.
(2) Dieses Dokument behandelt ausschließlich die Anforderungen an Widerstand, Gebrauchstauglichkeit, Dauerhaftigkeit und Feuerwiderstandsfähigkeit von Verbundtragwerken.
ANMERKUNG 1 Spezifische Anforderungen bezüglich der Tragwerksbemessung für Erdbeben werden nicht berücksichtigt.
ANMERKUNG 2 Sonstige Anforderungen, z. B. bezüglich Wärme oder Schalldämmung, werden nicht berücksichtigt.
(3) Dieses Dokument enthält eine allgemeine Grundlage für die Bemessung von Verbundtragwerken aus (i) Verbundbauteilen, oder (ii) Kombinationen von Verbundbauteilen und Bauteilen aus anderen Werkstoffen (Hybrid-Verbundtragwerke), und (iii) den Anschlüssen zwischen diesen Bauteilen.
(4) Dieses Dokument gilt für Verbundtragwerke mit Werten der Werkstofftemperatur in Bauteilen, Anschlüssen und Komponenten unter Betriebsbedingungen (i) höher als −40 °C und (ii) niedriger als Tg − 20 °C, wobei Tg die Glasübergangstemperatur von Verbundwerkstoffen, Kernwerkstoffen und Klebstoffen ist, wie in 5.1(1) definiert.
ANMERKUNG 1 Das Verhalten von Verbundtragwerken ist temperaturabhängig. Die Temperaturabhängigkeit der Eigenschaften von Verbundwerkstoffen, Kernwerkstoffen und Klebstoffen wird anhand eines Umwandlungsfaktors für die Temperatur η_c berücksichtigt, wie in 4.4.7.2 definiert, der von Tg und der maximalen Werkstofftemperatur unter Betriebsbedingungen (Ts) abhängig ist.
ANMERKUNG 2 5.1(1) definiert Anforderungen für Tg von Verbundwerkstoffen, Kernwerkstoffen und Klebstoffen in Abhängigkeit von Ts.
(5) Dieses Dokument gilt für:
(i) Verbundbauteile, d. h. Profile und Sandwichelemente; und
(ii) geschraubte, geklebte und Hybridanschlüsse und deren Verbindungen.
ANMERKUNG 1 Profile und Sandwichelemente können in Tragsystemen angewendet werden, z. B. Träger, Stützen, Rahmen, Fachwerkträger, Platten (en: slabs, plates) und Schalen.
ANMERKUNG 2 Sandwichelemente umfassen Elemente mit homogenem Kern und Stegkernelemente. In Stegkernelementen können die Zellen zwischen den Stegen gefüllt sein (z. B. mit Schaumstoff) oder leer bleiben (z. B. Elemente aus pultrudierten Profilen).
ANMERKUNG 3 Dieses Dokument gilt nicht für Sandwichelemente aus metallischen Decklagen.
ANMERKUNG 4 Mehrteilige Bauteile können durch die Montage von zwei oder mehr Profilen mittels Verschrauben und/oder Verkleben entstehen.
Calcul des structures en matériaux composites
(1) Le présent document s'applique au calcul des bâtiments, ponts et autres structures de génie civil en matériaux composites, y compris les structures permanentes et temporaires. Il est conforme aux principes et exigences concernant la sécurité, l'aptitude au service et la durabilité des structures, aux bases de calcul et aux vérifications données dans l'EN 1990.
NOTE Dans le présent document, les matériaux composites fibres-polymères sont appelés matériaux composites ou composites.
(2) Le présent document traite uniquement des exigences relatives à la résistance, à l'aptitude au service, à la durabilité et à la résistance au feu des structures en composite.
NOTE 1 Les exigences spécifiques concernant le calcul sismique ne sont pas prises en considération.
NOTE 2 Les autres exigences, par exemple celles concernant l'isolation thermique ou acoustique, ne sont pas prises en considération.
(3) Le présent document donne une base générale pour le calcul des structures composites composées (i) d'éléments composites, ou (ii) de combinaisons d'éléments composites et d'éléments composés d'autres matériaux (structures composites hybrides), et (iii) des connexions entre ces éléments.
(4) Le présent document s'applique aux structures composites dans lesquelles les valeurs de la température des matériaux dans les éléments, les connexions et les composants dans les conditions de service sont (i) supérieures à -40 °C et (ii) inférieures à - 20 °C, où est la température de transition vitreuse des matériaux composites, de l'âme et de l'adhésif, définie selon 5.1(1).
[...]
Projektiranje kompozitnih konstrukcij iz vlaken in polimerov
General Information
Standards Content (sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 19101:2022
01-junij-2022
Projektiranje kompozitnih konstrukcij iz vlaken in polimerov
Design of fibre-polymer composite structures
Bemessung von Tragwerken aus Faserverbund-Kunststoffen
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: FprCEN/TS 19101
ICS:
91.010.30 Tehnični vidiki Technical aspects
91.080.99 Druge konstrukcije Other structures
kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 19101:2022 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 19101:2022
FINAL DRAFT
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
FprCEN/TS 19101
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
April 2022
ICS 91.010.30
English Version
Design of fibre-polymer composite structures
Bemessung von Tragwerken aus Faserverbund-
Kunststoffen
This draft Technical Specification is submitted to CEN members for Vote. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 250.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.Warning : This document is not a Technical Specification. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change
without notice and shall not be referred to as a Technical Specification.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. FprCEN/TS 19101:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 19101:2022
FprCEN/TS 19101:2022 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword ............................................................................................................................................ 5
Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................... 6
1 Scope .......................................................................................................................................................... 7
2 Normative references .......................................................................................................................... 9
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations ...................................................................... 10
3.1 Terms and definitions ....................................................................................................................... 10
3.2 Symbols and abbreviations ............................................................................................................. 21
3.3 Symbols for member axes ................................................................................................................ 46
4 Basis of design ...................................................................................................................................... 50
4.1 General rules ........................................................................................................................................ 50
4.2 Principles of limit state design ....................................................................................................... 50
4.3 Basic variables ..................................................................................................................................... 50
4.4 Verification by the partial factor method .................................................................................. 52
4.5 Design assisted by testing ................................................................................................................ 61
5 Materials ................................................................................................................................................ 62
5.1 Glass transition temperature ......................................................................................................... 62
5.2 Composite materials .......................................................................................................................... 62
5.3 Core materials ...................................................................................................................................... 64
5.4 Adhesives ............................................................................................................................................... 66
6 Durability ............................................................................................................................................... 67
6.1 General.................................................................................................................................................... 67
6.2 Environmental conditions ............................................................................................................... 68
6.3 Effects and measures for specific environmental conditions ............................................. 69
6.4 Effects of combined environmental conditions ....................................................................... 72
6.5 Measures for connections and joints ........................................................................................... 72
7 Structural analysis .............................................................................................................................. 73
7.1 Structural modelling for analysis ................................................................................................. 73
7.2 Global analysis ..................................................................................................................................... 80
7.3 Imperfections ....................................................................................................................................... 82
7.4 Methods of analysis ............................................................................................................................ 86
8 Ultimate limit states ........................................................................................................................... 88
8.1 General.................................................................................................................................................... 88
8.2 Ultimate limit states of laminates ................................................................................................. 88
8.3 Ultimate limit states of profiles ..................................................................................................... 96
8.4 Ultimate limit states of sandwich panels ................................................................................ 107
8.5 Creep rupture .................................................................................................................................... 128
9 Serviceability limit states ............................................................................................................. 130
9.1 General................................................................................................................................................. 130
9.2 Deflections .......................................................................................................................................... 131
9.3 Vibrations ........................................................................................................................................... 133
9.4 Matrix cracking ................................................................................................................................. 133
10 Fatigue ................................................................................................................................................. 134
10.1 General................................................................................................................................................. 134
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FprCEN/TS 19101:2022 (E)
10.2 Fatigue actions .................................................................................................................................. 135
10.3 Fatigue verification ......................................................................................................................... 135
10.4 Fatigue testing .................................................................................................................................. 136
11 Detailing .............................................................................................................................................. 138
11.1 General ................................................................................................................................................ 138
11.2 Profiles ................................................................................................................................................ 138
11.3 Sandwich panels and member laminates ............................................................................... 138
11.4 Bolted connections .......................................................................................................................... 140
11.5 Adhesive connections .................................................................................................................... 143
12 Connections and joints .................................................................................................................. 143
12.1 General rules ..................................................................................................................................... 143
12.2 Bolted connections .......................................................................................................................... 144
12.3 Bolted joints....................................................................................................................................... 163
12.4 Adhesive joints and connections ................................................................................................ 165
12.5 Hybrid joints and connections .................................................................................................... 170
Annex A (informative) Creep coefficients ............................................................................................ 171
A.1 Use of this annex .............................................................................................................................. 171
A.2 Scope and field of application ..................................................................................................... 171
A.3 Pultruded composite profiles ..................................................................................................... 171
A.4 Composite laminates ...................................................................................................................... 172
A.5 Core materials ................................................................................................................................... 172
Annex B (informative) Indicative values of material properties for preliminary design .. 174
B.1 Use of this annex .............................................................................................................................. 174
B.2 Scope and field of application ..................................................................................................... 174
B.3 General ................................................................................................................................................ 174
B.4 Fibres ................................................................................................................................................... 174
B.5 Resins ................................................................................................................................................... 175
B.6 Core materials ................................................................................................................................... 176
B.7 Ply properties ................................................................................................................................... 178
B.8 Laminate properties ....................................................................................................................... 188
Annex C (normative) Buckling of orthotropic laminates and profiles ...................................... 191
C.1 Use of this annex .............................................................................................................................. 191
C.2 Scope and field of application ..................................................................................................... 191
C.3 General ................................................................................................................................................ 191
C.4 Elastic buckling of orthotropic laminates ............................................................................... 192
C.5 Elastic buckling of profiles ........................................................................................................... 196
Annex D (normative) Structural fire design ........................................................................................ 215
D.1 Use of this annex .............................................................................................................................. 215
D.2 Scope and field of application ..................................................................................................... 215
D.3 Assumptions ...................................................................................................................................... 215
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FprCEN/TS 19101:2022 (E)
D.4 Basis of design ................................................................................................................................... 215
D.5 Material properties ......................................................................................................................... 220
D.6 Tabulated design data .................................................................................................................... 229
D.7 Simplified design methods ........................................................................................................... 230
D.8 Advanced design methods ............................................................................................................ 230
Annex E (informative) Bridge details .................................................................................................... 232
E.1 Use of this annex .............................................................................................................................. 232
E.2 Scope and field of application ..................................................................................................... 232
E.3 General................................................................................................................................................. 232
E.4 Bridge bearings ................................................................................................................................ 232
E.5 Expansion joints ............................................................................................................................... 232
E.6 Parapets .............................................................................................................................................. 234
E.7 Adhesive deck-girder connections ............................................................................................ 234
E.8 Crash barrier fixations ................................................................................................................... 234
Bibliography .................................................................................................................................................... 236
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FprCEN/TS 19101:2022 (E)
European foreword
This document (FprCEN/TS 19101:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 250
“Structural Eurocodes”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. CEN/TC 250 is responsible for all
Structural Eurocodes and has been assigned responsibility for structural and geotechnical design matters
by CEN.This document is currently submitted to the Vote on TS.
This document has been prepared under Mandate M/515 issued to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association.This document has been drafted to be used in conjunction with relevant execution, material, product and
test standards, and to identify requirements for execution, materials, products and testing that are relied
upon by this document.---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 19101:2022
FprCEN/TS 19101:2022 (E)
Introduction
0.1 Introduction to FprCEN/TS 19101
This document for the design of fibre-polymer composite structures, which was prepared in line with the
Eurocodes, is intended for use by designers, clients, manufacturers, constructors, relevant authorities (in
exercising their duties in accordance with national or international regulations), educators, software
developers, and committees drafting standards for related product, testing and execution standards.
NOTE 1 Some aspects of design are most appropriately specified by relevant authorities or, where not specified,
can be agreed on a project-specific basis between relevant parties such as designers and clients. The Eurocodes
identify such aspects making explicit reference to relevant authorities and relevant parties.
NOTE 2 Fibre-polymer composites are also commonly referred to as fibre-reinforced polymers (FRP) or as composites.
0.2 Verbal forms used in this Technical SpecificationThe verb “shall" expresses a requirement strictly to be followed and from which no deviation is permitted
in order to comply with the Eurocodes.The verb “should” expresses a highly recommended choice or course of action. Subject to national
regulation and/or any relevant contractual provisions, alternative approaches could be used/adopted
where technically justified.The verb “may" expresses a course of action permissible within the limits of the Eurocodes.
The verb “can" expresses possibility and capability; it is used for statements of fact and clarification of concepts.
0.3 National Annex to FprCEN/TS 19101This Technical Specification gives values within notes indicating where national choices can be made.
Therefore, a national document implementing FprCEN/TS 19101 can have a National Annex containing
all Nationally Determined Parameters to be used for the assessment of buildings and civil engineering
works in the relevant country.When not given in the National Annex, the national choice will be the default choice specified in the
relevant Technical Specification.The national choice can be specified by a relevant authority.
When no choice is given in the Technical Specification, in the National Annex, or by a relevant authority,
the national choice can be agreed for a specific project by appropriate parties.National choice is allowed in FprCEN/TS 19101 through the following clauses:
4.3.1.2(4), NOTE 2
4.4.6(1), NOTE 4.4.6(2), NOTE 4.4.6(3), NOTE
4.4.7.1(2), NOTE 4.4.7.1(3), NOTE 8.5(2), NOTE 4 10.3(1), NOTE 1
12.4.5.1(1), NOTE 1 D4.5(1), NOTE
National choice is allowed in FprCEN/TS 19101 on the application of the following informative annexes:
Annex A Annex B Annex EThe National Annex can contain, directly or by reference, non-contradictory complementary information
for ease of implementation, provided it does not alter any provisions of the Eurocodes.
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FprCEN/TS 19101:2022 (E)
1 Scope
1.1 Scope of FprCEN/TS 19101
(1) This document applies to the design of buildings, bridges and other civil engineering structures in
fibre-polymer composite materials, including permanent and temporary structures. It complies with the
principles and requirements for the safety, serviceability and durability of structures, the basis of their
design and verification that are given in EN 1990.NOTE In this document, fibre-polymer composite materials are referred to as composite materials or as
composites.(2) This document is only concerned with the requirements for resistance, serviceability, durability and
fire resistance of composite structures.NOTE 1 Specific requirements concerning seismic design are not considered.
NOTE 2 Other requirements, e.g. concerning thermal or acoustic insulation, are not considered.
(3) This document gives a general basis for the design of composite structures composed of (i) composite
members, or (ii) combinations of composite members and members of other materials (hybrid-
composite structures), and (iii) the joints between these members.(4) This document applies to composite structures in which the values of material temperature in
members, joints and components in service conditions are (i) higher than -40 °C and (ii) lower than
T - 20 °C, where T is the glass transition temperature of composite, core and adhesive materials, defined
g gaccording to 5.1(1).
NOTE 1 Composite structures have a temperature-dependent behaviour. The temperature-dependence of the
properties of composite, core and adhesive materials is considered through a conversion factor for temperature,
, as defined in 4.4.7.2, which depends on the g and the maximum material temperature in service conditions
( ).NOTE 2 5.1(1) defines requirements for the g of composite, core and adhesive materials as a function of the .
(5) This document applies to:(i) composite members, i.e. profiles and sandwich panels, and
(ii) bolted, bonded and hybrid joints and their connections.
NOTE 1 Profiles and sandwich panels can be applied in structural systems such as beams, columns, frames,
trusses, slabs, plates and shells.NOTE 2 Sandwich panels include homogenous core and web-core panels. In web-core panels, the cells between
webs can be filled (e.g. with foam) or remain empty (e.g. panels from pultruded profiles).
NOTE 3 This document does not apply to sandwich panels made of metallic face sheets.
NOTE 4 Built-up members can result from the assembly of two or more profiles, through bolting and/or adhesive
bonding.NOTE 5 The main manufacturing processes of composite members include pultrusion, filament winding, hand
layup, resin transfer moulding (RTM), resin infusion moulding (RIM), vacuum-assisted resin transfer moulding
(VARTM).NOTE 6 This document does not apply to composite cables or special types of civil engineering works (e.g.
pressure vessels, tanks or chemical storage containers).---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
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FprCEN/TS 19101:2022 (E)
(6) This document applies to:
(i) the composite components of composite members, i.e. composite plies, composite laminates, sandwich
cores and plates or profiles, and(ii) the components of joints or their connections, i.e. connection plates or profiles (e.g. cleats), bolts, and
adhesive layers.NOTE 1 Composite components are composed of composite materials (i.e. fibres and matrix resins) and core
materials. Components of joints and their connections are also composed of composite, steel or adhesive materials.
NOTE 2 The fibre architecture of composite components can comprise a single type of fibres or a hybrid of two
or more types of fibres.NOTE 3 This document does not apply to composite components used for internal reinforcement of concrete
structures (composite rebars) or strengthening of existing structures (composite rebars, strips or sheets).
(7) This document applies to composite materials, comprising:(i) glass, carbon, basalt or aramid fibres, and
(ii) a matrix based on unsaturated polyester, vinylester, epoxy or phenolic thermoset resins.
NOTE This document does not apply to composite materials comprising a matrix based on thermoplastic
resins.(8) This document applies to the core materials (i) polymeric foams, and (ii) balsa wood.
NOTE 1 The core of sandwich panels can be reinforced by composite webs and inserts.
NOTE 2 This document does not apply to honeycomb cores.(9) This document applies to thermoset adhesives, including epoxy, polyurethane, and acrylic resins.
NOTE This document does not apply to thermoplastic adhesives.(10) This document applies to other types of fibres, thermoset resins, homogeneous cores and thermoset
adhesives than those specified in 1.1(6)-(9), provided that their mechanical and physical properties are
obtained from appropriate testing according to Clause 5, and that they are in line with the other relevant
clauses of this document.1.2 Assumptions
(1) The assumptions of EN 1990 apply to this document.
(2) This document is intended to be used in conjunction with EN 1990, EN 1991 (all parts), EN 1997 (all
parts), EN 1998 (all parts), ENs, EADs and ETAs for construction products relevant to composite
structures.---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
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FprCEN/TS 19101:2022 (E)
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE See the Bibliography for a list of other documents cited that are not normative references, including those
referenced as recommendations (i.e. in ‘should’ clauses), permissions (‘may’ clauses), possibilities ('can' clauses),
and in notes.prEN 1990:2021, Basis of structural and geotechnical design
EN 1991 (all parts), Eurocode 1: Actions on structures
prEN 1991-1-2:2021, Eurocode 1: Actions on structures - Part 1-2: General actions - Actions on structures
exposed to fireEN 1993-1-4, Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures – Part 1-4: General rules – Supplementary rules for
stainless steelsprEN 1993-1-8:2021, Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures – Part 1-8: Design of joints
EN 1997 (all parts), Eurocode 7: Geotechnical designEN 1998 (all parts), Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance
EN 13706-1, Reinforced plastics composites – Specifications for pultruded profiles – Part 1: Designation
EN 13706-2:2002, Reinforced plastics composites – Specifications for pultruded profiles – Part 2: Methods
of test and general requirementsEN 13706-3, Reinforced plastics composites – Specifications for pultruded profiles – Part 3: Specific
requirementsEN 16245 (all parts), Fibre-reinforced plastic composites - Declaration of raw material characteristics
ISO 6721-11, Plastics — Determination of dynamic mechanical properties — Part 11: Glass transition
temperature---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
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FprCEN/TS 19101:2022 (E)
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 1990 and the following terms,
definitions, symbols and abbreviations apply.3.1 Terms and definitions
3.1.1 Terms relating to constituent materials
3.1.1.1
accelerator
substance used in small proportions that accelerates the chemical reaction between the polymer resin
system and the curing agent3.1.1.2
additive
specialist chemical substance that is added to the polymer resin to impart specific matrix properties, such
as removal from processing mould, flame retardancy and UV protection; known also as modifier
3.1.1.3bi-directional ply
ply with all the continuous fibres aligned in two orientations
3.1.1.4
chopped strand mat
CSM
non-woven mat with short strands cut (approximately 50 mm long) from continuous fibre (or filament)
strands and fairly evenly distributed and randomly oriented in a swirled pattern within the plane of the
mat; the mat is held together by a binder3.1.1.5
composite material
material composed of layers of rovings, fabrics, and mats, embedded in a polymer matrix
3.1.1.6continuous fibre mat
CFM
non-woven mat with yarns or strands (of continuous fibres) fairly evenly distributed and randomly
oriented in a swirled pattern within the plane of the mat; the mat is held together by a binder
3.1.1.7core
central
...
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