EN 1829-1:2021
(Main)High-pressure water jet machines - Safety requirements - Part 1: Machines
High-pressure water jet machines - Safety requirements - Part 1: Machines
This document contains safety-related requirements for high pressure water jet machines with drives of all kinds (e.g. electric motor, internal combustion engine, air and hydraulic) in which pumps are used to generate pressure. This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events arising during assembly, erection, operation and servicing relevant to high pressure water jet machines, when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex ZA). All references to high pressure water jet machines within this document includes machines for one or more of the following industrial applications:
- cleaning;
- surface preparation;
- material removal;
- readjustment of concrete;
- cutting.
NOTE 1 List of significant hazards is given in informative Annex D.
This document applies to mobile and fixed high pressure water jet machines, in which the water pressure is generated by a pressure generator/pump and in which the maximum allowable working pressure is more than the upper limit fixed in the scope of EN 60335-2-79:2012.
NOTE 2 35 MPa is currently the upper limit for machines covered by EN 60335-2-79:2012.
This document does not cover:
- requirements of the Pressure Equipment Directive 2014/68/EU;
NOTE 3 In some cases, specific parts can be in the scope of that directive, but their application is not dealt with in this document.
- high pressure cleaners which are dealt with in EN 60335-2-54:2008, EN 60335-2-54:2008/A11:2012, EN 60335-2-54:2008/A11:2012/AC:2015, EN 60335-2-54:2008/A1:2015 and EN 60335-2-79:2012;
NOTE 4 EN 60335-2-54:2008, EN 60335-2-54:2008/A11:2012, EN 60335-2-54:2008/A11:2012/AC:2015 and EN 60335-2-54:2008A1:2015 applies to steam cleaners for household use. EN 60335-2-79:2012 applies to high pressure cleaners having a rated pressure not less than 2,5 MPa and not exceeding 35 MPa, as well as steam cleaners and those parts of hot water high pressure cleaners incorporating a steam stage which have a capacity not exceeding 100 l, a rated pressure not exceeding 2,5 MPa and a product of capacity and rated pressure not exceeding 5 MPa.
- additional hazards due to the incorporation of high pressure water jet machines into other process-technology machines;
- specific hazards associated with explosive atmospheres, use on ships or ambient temperatures outside the range 5 °C to 40 °C;
- hazard due to the nature of liquids used for jetting, other than that due to pressure;
- hazards associated with the drives or specific hazards due to any heat generation function. However, the hazards due to high temperatures of touchable surfaces are dealt with;
- high pressure water jet machines which are manufactured before the date of its publication as EN;
- hazards due to noise for what concerns the declaration of noise emission values in the instructions.
NOTE 5 Noise emission measurement and noise declaration will be dealt with in an upcoming amendment to this document.
Tests according to this document are type tests unless they relate to routine (informative) tests to be carried out during series manufacture.
NOTE 6 Routine tests are described in informative Annex C.
Compliance with EN 1829-1 and EN 1829-2 provides the full requirements for high pressure water jet machines.
Hochdruck-Wasserstrahlmaschinen - Sicherheitsanforderungen - Teil 1: Maschinen
Dieses Dokument enthält sicherheitsrelevante Anforderungen an Hochdruck-Wasserstrahlmaschinen mit Antrieben aller Art (z. B. Elektromotor, innerer Verbrennungsmotor, Luft und Hydraulik), in denen Pumpen eingesetzt werden, um Druck zu erzeugen. Dieses Dokument behandelt alle signifikanten Gefährdungen, Gefährdungssituationen und Gefährdungsereignisse, die während der Montage, des Aufbaus, des Betriebs und der Instandsetzung von Hochdruck-Wasserstrahlmaschinen auftreten, wenn sie bestimmungsgemäß und unter Bedingungen von durch den Hersteller vernünftigerweise vorhersehbaren Fehlanwendungen verwendet werden (siehe Anhang ZA). Alle Verweisungen auf Hochdruck-Wasserstrahlmaschinen in diesem Dokument umfassen Maschinen für eine oder mehrere der folgenden industriellen Anwendungen:
- Reinigung;
- Vorbereitung der Oberfläche;
- Materialabtrag;
- Anpassung von Beton;
- Schneiden.
ANMERKUNG 1 Liste der signifikanten Gefährdungen ist im informativen Anhang D angegeben.
Dieses Dokument gilt für alle mobilen und stationären Hochdruck-Wasserstrahlmaschinen, in denen der Wasserdruck durch einen Druckerzeuger/eine Pumpe erzeugt wird, deren zulässiger maximaler Betriebsdruck die im Anwendungsbereich von EN 60335 2 79:2012 festgelegte Obergrenze überschreitet.
ANMERKUNG 2 35 MPa ist derzeit die Obergrenze für von EN 60335 2 79:2012 behandelte Maschinen.
Dieses Dokument gilt nicht für:
- Anforderungen der Druckgeräterichtlinie 2014/68/EU;
Anmerkung 3 In einigen Fällen können bestimmte Teile im Anwendungsbereich dieser Richtlinie enthalten sein. Ihre Anwendung wird jedoch in diesem Dokument nicht behandelt.
- in EN 60335 2-54:2008, EN 60335 2 54:2008/A11:2012, EN 60335 2 54:2008/A11:2012/AC:2015, EN 60335 2 54:2008/A1:2015 und EN 60335 2 79:2012 behandelte Hochdruckreiniger;
ANMERKUNG 4 EN 60335 2 54:2008, EN 60335 2 54:2008/A11:2012, EN 60335 2 54:2008/A11:2012/AC:2015 und EN 60335 2 54:2008/A1:2015 gelten für Dampfreiniger für den Hausgebrauch. EN 60335 2 79:2012 gilt für Hochdruckreiniger mit einem Nenndruck von mindestens 2,5 MPa und höchstens 35 MPa sowie für Dampfreiniger und Teile von Heißwasser-Hochdruckreinigern mit einer Dampfphase und mit einer Kapazität von höchstens 100 l, einem Nenndruck von höchstens 2,5 MPa und Produkten mit einer Kapazität und einem Nenndruck von höchstens 5 MPa.
- zusätzliche Gefährdungen durch die Einbindung von Hochdruck-Wasserstrahlmaschinen in andere verfahrenstechnische Maschinen;
- spezifische Gefährdungen in Verbindung mit explosionsfähigen Atmosphären, dem Einsatz auf Schiffen oder Umgebungstemperaturen außerhalb des Bereichs zwischen 5 °C und 40 °C;
- Gefährdungen durch die Eigenschaften der für die Strahlerzeugung verwendeten Flüssigkeiten, außer durch Druck;
- Gefährdungen in Verbindung mit Antrieben oder spezifische Gefährdungen durch wärmeerzeugende Funktionen. Gefährdungen durch hohe Temperaturen berührbarer Oberflächen werden jedoch behandelt;
- Hochdruck-Wasserstrahlmaschinen, die vor dem Datum der Veröffentlichung dieses Dokuments als EN hergestellt wurden;
- Gefährdungen durch Lärmin Bezug auf die Deklaration der Geräuschemissionswerte in der Betriebsanleitung.
ANMERKUNG 5 Geräuschemissionsmessung und Geräuschemissionsangabe werden in einer zukünftigen Änderung dieses Dokuments behandelt.
Prüfungen nach diesem Dokument sind Typprüfungen, es sei denn, sie betreffen während der Serienherstellung durchgeführte (informative) Routineprüfungen.
ANMERKUNG 6 Routineprüfungen sind in informativen Anhang C festgelegt.
Die Übereinstimmung mit EN 1829 1 und EN 1829 2 bietet die vollständigen Anforderungen an Hochdruck-Wasserstrahlmaschinen.
Machines à jet d'eau à haute pression - Exigences de sécurité - Partie 1 : Machines
Le présent document contient des prescriptions de sécurité pour les machines à jet d'eau à haute pression avec des installations de tous types (par exemple moteur électrique, moteur à combustion interne, air et hydraulique) dans lesquelles les pompes sont utilisées pour produire de la pression. Le présent document traite tous les dangers significatifs, toutes les situations et tous les phénomènes dangereux significatifs se présentant pendant l'assemblage, le montage, la manouvre et la mise en service des machines à jet d'eau à haute pression, quand elles sont utilisées comme convenu et dans les conditions d'usage impropres qui sont raisonnablement prévisibles par le fabricant (voir Annexe ZA). Toutes les références aux machines à jet d'eau à haute pression dans le présent document incluent les machines destinées à une ou plusieurs des applications industrielles suivantes :
- le nettoyage ;
- la préparation de surface ;
- le déplacement de matériel ;
- le réajustement du béton ;
- la découpe.
NOTE 1 La liste des phénomènes dangereux significatifs figure à l'Annexe informative D.
Le présent document s’applique aux machines à jet d’eau à haute pression, mobiles ou fixes, dans lesquelles la pression d’eau est produite par un générateur de pression ou une pompe, et dans lesquelles la pression de service maximale admissible est supérieure à la limite supérieure fixée par le domaine d’application de l’EN 60335-2-79:2012.
NOTE 2 La limite supérieure est couramment de 35 MPa (350 bar) pour les machines soumises à
l’EN 60335-2-79:2012.
Le présent document ne couvre pas :
- les exigences au titre de la Directive 2014/68/UE sur les équipements sous pression ;
NOTE 3 Dans certains cas, des parties spécifiques peuvent relever du domaine de cette directive, mais leur application n’est pas traitée dans le présent document.
- les machines à jet d’eau à haute pression faisant l’objet de l’EN 60335-2-54:2008, de l'EN 60335-2-54:2008/A11:2012, de l'EN 60335-2-54:2008+A11:2012/AC:2015, de l'EN 60335-2-54:2008/A1:2015 et de l'EN 60335-2-79:2012 ;
NOTE 4 L’EN 60335-2-54:2008, l'EN 60335-2-54:2008/A11:2012, l'EN 60335-2-54:2008+A11:2012/AC:2015, et l'EN 60335-2-54:2008/A1:2015 s’appliquent aux nettoyeurs vapeur destinés à un usage domestique. L’EN 60335-2-79:2012 s’applique aux nettoyeurs haute vapeur ayant une pression nominale comprise entre 2,5 MPa et 35 MPa, ainsi qu'aux nettoyeurs vapeur et aux parties de nettoyeurs vapeur haute pression incorporant un niveau de vapeur d'une capacité n’excédant pas 100 l, d'une pression nominale n’excédant pas 2,5 MPa, d'une capacité de production et d'une pression nominale n’excédant pas 5 MPa l.
- les phénomènes dangereux additionnels dus à l’intégration de machines à jet d’eau à haute pression dans d’autres machines de processus technologiques ;
- les risques spécifiques liés aux atmosphères explosives, à l’utilisation sur des bateaux ou à des températures ambiantes en dehors de l’échelle 5 °C à 40 °C ;
- les phénomènes dangereux engendrés par la nature des liquides utilisés pour le jet, autres que ceux liés à la pression ;
- les phénomènes dangereux engendrés par l’entraînement, ou les phénomènes dangereux spécifiques engendrés par toute fonction génératrice de chaleur. Cependant, les phénomènes dangereux engendrés par des surfaces accessibles à température élevée sont traités.
- les machines à jet d’eau à haute pression fabriquées avant la date de publication de la présente norme EN ;
- les phénomènes dangereux engendrés par le bruit, pour ce qui concerne la déclaration des valeurs des émissions de bruit dans les instructions.
NOTE 5 La mesure des émissions sonores et la déclaration du bruit seront traitées dans un prochain amendement au présent document.
Les
Visokotlačni stroji z vodnim curkom - Varnostne zahteve - 1. del: Stroji
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2021
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 1829-1:2010
Visokotlačni stroji z vodnim curkom - Varnostne zahteve - 1. del: Stroji
High-pressure water jet machines - Safety requirements - Part 1: Machines
Hochdruck - Wasserstrahlmaschinen - Sicherheitsanforderungen - Teil 1: Maschinen
Machines à jet d'eau à haute pression - Exigences de sécurité - Partie 1 : Machines
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 1829-1:2021
ICS:
97.080 Aparati za čiščenje Cleaning appliances
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 1829-1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
January 2021
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 43.180; 97.080 Supersedes EN 1829-1:2010
English Version
High-pressure water jet machines - Safety requirements -
Part 1: Machines
Machines à jet d'eau à haute pression - Exigences de Hochdruck-Wasserstrahlmaschinen -
sécurité - Partie 1 : Machines Sicherheitsanforderungen - Teil 1: Maschinen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 November 2020.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 1829-1:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 Safety requirements and/or measures . 11
4.1 General . 11
4.2 Requirements for high pressure water jet machine with intended exit of water
under high pressure . 12
4.2.1 Replacement inserts . 12
4.2.2 Safety devices to prevent excessive pressure . 12
4.2.3 Pressure indicator . 13
4.3 Mechanical requirements . 13
4.3.1 Common requirements . 13
4.3.2 Spraying devices . 13
4.3.3 High pressure lines . 15
4.3.4 Requirements for mobile machines . 15
4.4 Requirements for transport . 15
4.5 Electrical requirements . 15
4.6 Requirements for emergency stopping . 15
4.7 Thermal requirements . 16
4.8 Noise reduction . 16
4.8.1 Noise reduction at source by design . 16
4.8.2 Noise reduction by protective measures . 17
4.9 Requirements for vibration with hand-held spraying devices . 17
4.10 Requirements for program controlled water jet machines . 17
4.11 Marking the control devices . 17
5 Verification of the safety requirements and/or measures . 17
5.1 General . 17
5.2 Hydrostatic pressure test . 18
5.2.1 General . 18
5.2.2 Testing of safety devices for preventing excessive pressure . 18
5.2.3 Pressure indicator . 18
5.2.4 Hydrostatic pressure test of spraying devices . 18
5.3 Mechanical tests and/or visual inspection . 18
5.3.1 General . 18
5.3.2 Testing the stability of the high pressure water jet machine . 19
5.4 Transport devices . 19
5.5 Electrical tests . 19
5.6 Testing of emergency stopping . 19
5.7 Thermal tests . 19
5.8 Vibration measurement . 19
5.9 Testing of program controlled high pressure water jet machines . 19
5.10 Verification of markings . 19
6 Information for use . 20
6.1 General . 20
6.2 Marking and Warnings . 22
6.2.1 General . 22
6.2.2 Marking of the machine unit . 22
6.2.3 Marking the safety devices . 23
6.2.4 Marking the spraying devices . 23
6.2.5 Marking of pipelines . 24
6.3 Additional warnings . 24
Annex A (normative) Emission of vibration . 26
Annex B (informative) Vibration report . 39
Annex C (informative) Routine tests . 41
Annex D (informative) List of significant hazards . 42
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered . 44
Bibliography . 46
European foreword
This document (EN 1829-1:2021) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 197 “Pumps”, the
secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2021, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by July 2021.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 1829-1:2010.
The main changes compared with the previous edition are as follows:
— general revision according to the state of the art;
— revision of the vibration test code requirements;
— deletion of previous normative Annex A on noise test code, which has been replaced by normative
annex on emission of vibration;
— addition of informative Annex B on vibration report and informative Annex C on routine testing;
— clarification of hydrostatic pressure testing;
— transfer of Clause 4 on the list of significant hazards to informative Annex D;
— update of Annex ZA in relation to Directive 2006/42/EC.
EN 1829, High-pressure water jet machines — Safety requirements, consists of the following parts:
— Part 1: Machines
— Part 2: Hoses, hose lines and connectors
This document has been prepared under a standardization request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of Directive
2006/42/EC.
For relationship with EU Directive, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.
Introduction
This document is a type-C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100:2010. This document is of relevance, in
particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market players with regard to
machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance etc.).
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting
process of this document. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous
situations or hazardous events are covered are indicated in the scope of this document. When
requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-B
standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other
standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C
standard.
1 Scope
This document contains safety-related requirements for high pressure water jet machines with drives of
all kinds (e.g. electric motor, internal combustion engine, air and hydraulic) in which pumps are used to
generate pressure. This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events
arising during assembly, erection, operation and servicing relevant to high pressure water jet machines,
when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the
manufacturer (see Annex ZA). All references to high pressure water jet machines within this document
includes machines for one or more of the following industrial applications:
— cleaning;
— surface preparation;
— material removal;
— readjustment of concrete;
— cutting.
NOTE 1 List of significant hazards is given in informative Annex D.
This document applies to mobile and fixed high pressure water jet machines, in which the water pressure
is generated by a pressure generator/pump and in which the maximum allowable working pressure is
more than the upper limit fixed in the scope of EN 60335-2-79:2012.
NOTE 2 35 MPa is currently the upper limit for machines covered by EN 60335-2–79:2012.
This document does not cover:
— requirements of the Pressure Equipment Directive 2014/68/EU;
NOTE 3 In some cases, specific parts can be in the scope of that directive, but their application is not dealt with
in this document.
— high pressure cleaners which are dealt with in EN 60335-2-54:2008, EN 60335-2-
54:2008/A11:2012, EN 60335-2-54:2008/A11:2012/AC:2015, EN 60335-2-54:2008/A1:2015 and
EN 60335-2-79:2012;
NOTE 4 EN 60335-2–54:2008, EN 60335-2–54:2008/A11:2012, EN 60335-2–54:2008/A11:2012/AC:2015 and
EN 60335-2–54:2008A1:2015 applies to steam cleaners for household use. EN 60335-2–79:2012 applies to high
pressure cleaners having a rated pressure not less than 2,5 MPa and not exceeding 35 MPa, as well as steam cleaners
and those parts of hot water high pressure cleaners incorporating a steam stage which have a capacity not exceeding
100 l, a rated pressure not exceeding 2,5 MPa and a product of capacity and rated pressure not exceeding 5 MPa.
— additional hazards due to the incorporation of high pressure water jet machines into other process-
technology machines;
— specific hazards associated with explosive atmospheres, use on ships or ambient temperatures
outside the range 5 °C to 40 °C;
— hazard due to the nature of liquids used for jetting, other than that due to pressure;
— hazards associated with the drives or specific hazards due to any heat generation function. However,
the hazards due to high temperatures of touchable surfaces are dealt with;
— high pressure water jet machines which are manufactured before the date of its publication as EN;
— hazards due to noise for what concerns the declaration of noise emission values in the instructions.
NOTE 5 Noise emission measurement and noise declaration will be dealt with in an upcoming amendment to
this document.
Tests according to this document are type tests unless they relate to routine (informative) tests to be
carried out during series manufacture.
NOTE 6 Routine tests are described in informative Annex C.
Compliance with EN 1829-1 and EN 1829-2 provides the full requirements for high pressure water jet
machines.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 614-1:2006+A1:2009, Safety of machinery — Ergonomic design principles — Part 1: Terminology and
general principles
EN 809:1998+A1:2009, Pumps and pump units for liquids — Common safety requirements
EN 809:1998+A1:2009/AC:2010, Pumps and pump units for liquids — Common safety requirements
EN 981:1996+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — System of auditory and visual danger and information
signals
EN 1829-2:2008, High-pressure water jet machines — Safety requirements — Part 2: Hoses, hose lines and
connectors
EN 12096:1997, Mechanical vibration — Declaration and verification of vibration emission values
EN 12162:2001+A1:2009, Liquid pumps — Safety requirements — Procedure for hydrostatic testing
EN 60204-1:2018, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General requirements
EN 60335-2-79:2012, Household and similar electrical appliances — Safety — Part 2-79: Particular
requirements for high pressure cleaners and steam cleaners IEC 60335-2-79:2012)
EN 60529:1991, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code) (IEC 60529:1989)
EN 60529:1991/AC:2016-12, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code) (IEC 529:1989)
EN 60529:1991/A1:2000, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code)
(IEC 60529:1989/A1:1999)
EN 60529:1991/A2:2013, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code)
(IEC 60529:1989/A2:2013)
EN 60529:1991/A2:2013/AC:2019-02, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code)
(IEC 60529:1989/A2:2013/Cor1:2019)
EN ISO 5349-1:2001, Mechanical vibration — Measurement and evaluation of human exposure to hand-
transmitted vibration — Part 1: General requirements (ISO 5349-1:2001)
EN ISO 7010:2020, Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs — Registered safety signs (ISO
7010:2019)
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk
reduction (ISO 12100:2010)
EN ISO 13732-1:2008, Ergonomics of the thermal environment — Methods for the assessment of human
responses to contact with surfaces — Part 1: Hot surfaces (ISO 13732-1:2006)
EN ISO 13849-1:2015, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General
principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2015)
EN ISO 13857:2019, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by
upper and lower limbs (ISO 13857:2019)
EN ISO 17769-1:2012, Liquid pumps and installation — General terms, definitions, quantities, letter
symbols and units — Part 1: Liquid pumps (ISO 17769-1:2012)
EN ISO 20643:2008, Mechanical vibration — Hand-held and hand-guided machinery — Principles for
evaluation of vibration emission (ISO 20643:2005)
EN ISO 20643:2008/A1:2012, Mechanical vibration — Hand-held and hand-guided machinery —
Principles for evaluation of vibration emission Amendment 1: Accelerometer positions (ISO
20643:2005/Amd 1:2012)
IEC 62745:2017, Safety of machinery — Requirements for cableless control systems of machinery
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010,
EN ISO 17769-1:2012 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
high pressure water jet machine
machine with nozzle or other variable opening which allows water at high pressure together with any
additive (chemical and/or abrasive) to emerge as a free jet
Note 1 to entry: In general, high pressure water jet machines consist of a drive, a pressure generator, pipelines,
hose lines, spraying devices, safety devices, control and measurement devices.
3.2
program controlled high pressure water jet machine
machine characterised by spatial separation of the installation site of the pressure generator and the
workplace, by permanently installed high pressure lines between the installation site and one or more
workplaces having spraying devices incorporating start-up/shut-down of the system by means of
external switching mechanisms not activated by the operator of a spraying device
Note 1 to entry: In this context, the activation device of the spraying device is not considered to be a switching
mechanism.
3.3
drive
power unit consisting of electric motors, combustion engines, hydraulic motors, or air motors depending
on the application
3.4
pressure generator
unit to generate operating pressure and supply cleaning agent to the spraying device (e.g. pump,
intensifier)
3.5
high pressure line
pipeline or hose line in which the high pressure water is fed to the point of use
3.6
pipeline
pipe which is permanently fixed and operationally connected to pipe fittings or valves
3.7
hose
flexible, tubular semi-finished product consisting of several layers and inserts
Note 1 to entry: Hoses and hose lines are covered within EN 1829-2:2008.
3.8
hose line
hose mounted with appropriate fittings
Note 1 to entry: Hoses and hose lines are covered within EN 1829-2:2008.
3.9
spraying device
3.9.1
general
spraying device consisting of the activation devices, the spraying pipe, extension pipe or nozzle pipe as
well as the nozzle
Note 1 to entry: This also includes foot switches, foot valves with hose lines and spraying lances, spraying heads
and nozzle mounts.
3.9.2
hand-held spraying device
spraying device of which the recoil force is to be absorbed by the person activating the spraying device
Note 1 to entry: The activation mechanism can be separated from the spraying device for operating reasons in
the form of a foot switch (e.g. for spraying lances).
3.9.3
mechanically operated spraying device
spraying device of which the recoil force is absorbed by a mechanical restraint
3.10
activation device
3.10.1
dry shut-off device
device for hand-held spraying devices by which the feed of liquid to the high pressure nozzle is actuated
by opening or shutting a valve
Note 1 to entry: When shut no liquid exits the nozzle.
3.10.2
dump device
device for hand-held spraying devices where by opening or shutting of a valve the feed of liquid is directed
to a bypass pipe by which the generated pressure is limited by the means of the larger bypass nozzle
while the pipe to the high pressure nozzle is kept open
3.10.3
dump gun
hand-held spraying device in which the dump device is incorporated
3.11
safety device
device that automatically prevents any relevant critical parameter such as pressure or temperature being
exceeded
3.12
maximum allowable working pressure
pressure without consideration of the pressure peaks in the system up to which the machine is functional
and at which the machine may safely be run
3.13
operating temperature of the liquid
temperature of the liquid at any specified point
3.14
retooling
modification of the machines performance by using alternative components (e.g. replacement inserts and
alternative nozzles)
3.15
replacement inserts
changeable installation to a pressure generator, with pistons/plungers/seals/safety valves for different
diameters resulting in different displacements and pressures
3.16
pulsation damper
device to diminish the amplitude of pressure pulsations
3.17
test pressure
gauge pressure to which a part, component or pump is subjected for the purpose of strength or leak
testing
3.18
cleaning agent
water with or without the addition of gaseous, soluble or miscible detergent or solid abrasive
3.19
two hand device
device requiring at least simultaneous operation by both hands in order to activate and use the high-
pressure operation of the machine
3.20
safety pressure
pressure at which the safety device of the system must activate
3.21
normal operation
conditions under which the machine is operated in normal use. It denotes the operation at which the
drive is set at maximum power, the pressure is set at the maximum allowable working pressure, with the
appropriate nozzle and hose line fitted
Note 1 to entry: All strainers and filters are in a clean operating condition, if applicable. The water heater, if fitted,
is operated at maximum power.
4 Safety requirements and/or measures
4.1 General
Machinery shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this clause.
Pumps and pump units shall conform to EN 809:1998+A1:2009, EN 809:1998+A1:2009/AC:2010.
If fixed guards are used, their fixing systems shall remain attached to the guards or to the machinery when
the guards are removed.
In addition, the machine shall be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100 for relevant but
not significant hazards which are not dealt with by this document.
4.2 Requirements for high pressure water jet machine with intended exit of water under
high pressure
4.2.1 Replacement inserts
For pressure generators/pumps with replacement inserts, provisions shall be made to indicate the
mounted status in a clearly visible position.
4.2.2 Safety devices to prevent excessive pressure
The machine shall have a safety device which prevents the maximum allowable working pressure from
being exceeded by more than 15 % or in the case of machines with pulsation dampers by more than 10 %.
It shall not be possible to switch off this safety device and it shall be designed and positioned in such a
way that it cannot be made inoperative.
The adjustment of the safety device shall be secured such that unauthorised changes are deterred by
means such as a seal or tamperproof device.
Safety devices shall be designed and positioned in such a way that persons cannot be injured by escaping
water or by broken pieces.
Water which passes through a safety device has to be discharged in a save way, for instance by the use of
a by-pass-system, a catch basin or a discharging hose.
NOTE Figure 1 shows an overview of the different pressures and their relation to each other.
Key
(1) maximum allowable working pressure (see 3.12)
(2) shown safety pressure (see 3.20) at the high pressure water jet machine gauge (see 4.2.2)
(3) hydrostatic test pressure (see 4.3.1)
(4) hydrostatic test pressure of the spraying device (see 5.2.4)
(5) typical pressure pulsation inherent to high pressure water jet machines
Figure 1 — Pressure overview
4.2.3 Pressure indicator
The machine shall have a pressure indicator which displays the actual operating pressure of the liquid at
the outlet of the pressure generator in megapascals (MPa) [preferred] or bars (bar). The display shall be
readily visible to an operator when setting up the machine and the maximum allowable working pressure
shall be marked.
A pressure indicator may be an analogous pressure gauge or an electronic pressure sensor.
The pressure indicator shall be designed and positioned in such a way that, in case of leakage, persons
cannot be injured by the escaping water or by broken pieces.
The pressure indicating device selected shall comply at least with an accuracy class of 2,5.
4.3 Mechanical requirements
4.3.1 Common requirements
All parts of the pressure system shall be designed to withstand the maximum allowable working pressure
specified by the manufacturer. The test pressure shall be related by a factor to the maximum allowable
working pressure which is given in the manufacturer’s specification. In no case shall this factor be less
than 1,3.
4.3.2 Spraying devices
4.3.2.1 Common requirements for spraying devices
Spraying devices shall be able to withstand the impact and shock stresses which can be expected during
normal operation without displaying any leakage or limitation of the intended function.
The activation mechanism shall be protected against unintended activation (e.g. by a guard).
4.3.2.2 Hand-held spraying devices
When the activation mechanism is released, one of the following shall occur:
a) no more liquid shall emerge from the nozzle (dry shut-off);
b) any liquid emerging from the spraying device shall generate a reaction force no greater than the
weight of the spraying device;
c) the pressure generator shall be switched off. The safety related parts of the control system shall
present a performance level of at least “c”, defined in accordance with EN ISO 13849-1:2015.
The release of the activation mechanism shall not be impaired or made impossible by recoil effects during
shutting-off. The holding force that has to be exerted manually on the activation mechanism of the
spraying device to maintain spraying shall not exceed 60 N for the whole hand.
The activation mechanism shall be lockable in the OFF-position. This can be achieved e.g. by a knob, hand
lever or switch. There shall be no provision to lock the activation mechanism in the ON-position.
The recoil forces exerted on the spraying device shall not exceed 250 N in the longitudinal direction. The
recoil forces shall not be released within a period shorter than 1 s to allow time for the operator to react.
When several spraying devices are connected to the same pressure generator, the recoil forces exerted
on the other spraying devices shall not change abruptly by more than 15 % at any time that an operating
element of another spraying device is activated.
If the length of the spraying device is less than 75 cm it shall be designed as a two-hand device. The
Instruction Handbook shall include a warning of the increased hazards of using short spraying devices
(see 6.1). The spraying device shall be equipped with a support (see Figure 2) to which the recoil force is
completely or partially transferred if the recoil force is greater than 150 N in the longitudinal direction
(F cos α in Figure 3). This support shall fulfil basic requirements in regard to occupational safety and
health aspects as specified in EN 614-1:2006+A1:2009. Radial recoil forces resulting from a nozzle at an
angle α and a distance l between the nozzle and holding position creating a torque T = F × sin α × l shall
be compensated for, e.g. by a compensating jet. Considering the middle of the fingertip as a pivot point,
the torque reaction T on the handle shall not be more than 20 Nm in any direction.
Key
1 support
Figure 2 — Hand-held spraying device with support — Principle
Key
F reaction force
α angle
l length
T torque
Figure 3 — Hand-held spraying device — Recoil force and torque generation
4.3.2.3 Stability of mechanically hand-held spraying devices
It shall be ensured that the forces experienced by the operator of mechanically supported hand-held
spraying devices are within the limits of hand-held spraying devices given in 4.3.2.2. The mechanical
supported hand-held spraying devises shall not tip over or lift up due to these forces. This can be ensured
e.g. by an adequate base area, weight or locking devices.
4.3.3 High pressure lines
4.3.3.1 Pipelines
Pipelines shall be suitable for the intended use. They shall fulfil the requirements of
EN 12162:2001+A1:2009 for pressure testing and be designed to or protected in a way that a leakage
cannot cause injuries e.g. for locations where people are frequently present. This can be done e.g. by
providing a casing and information on residual risks (see Clause 6).
4.3.3.2 Hose lines
Hose lines shall be selected for the intended use in accordance within EN 1829-2:2008.
4.3.3.3 Nozzles
The manufacturer shall provide a facility on the machine to house nozzle details for the operator's
reference.
4.3.4 Requirements for mobile machines
Mobile machines fitted with their own running gear (chassis) shall meet the stability requirements of
EN 809:1998+A1:2009, EN 809:1998+A1:2009/AC:2010.
4.4 Requirements for transport
The machine shall be designed to be capable of being transported (e.g. with suitable lifting eyes). Any
provisions for transport fitted to the machine shall be marked as such.
In individual cases, the most appropriate means may be agreed with the purchaser.
4.5 Electrical requirements
Electrical equipment of the machine shall comply with EN 60204-1:2018. A splash-proof design is
required for the electrical components of the machine in accordance with IPX3 of EN 60529:1991,
EN 60529:1991/AC:2016-12, EN 60529:1991/A1:2000, EN 60529:1991/A2:2013,
EN 60529:1991/A2:2013/AC:2019-02. In the case of machines powered by internal combustion engines,
this requirement does not apply to those electrical components that are exclusively needed for the
operation of the combustion engine (e.g. starter motor, generator).
Electrical components of high pressure water jet machines in the operation area of the nozzles shall be
water-proof in accordance with IPX5 of EN 60529:1991, EN 60529:1991/AC:2016-12,
EN 60529:1991/A1:2000, EN 60529:1991/A2:2013, EN 60529:1991/A2:2013/AC:2019-02.
A drip-proof design of the electric components in accordance with IPX2 of EN 60529:1991,
EN 60529:1991/AC:2016-12, EN 60529:1991/A1:2000, EN 60529:1991/A2:2013,
EN 60529:1991/A2:2013/AC:2019-02 is sufficient for parts of high pressure water jet machines which
are to be permanently installed in a separate room.
Cableless control systems of machinery shall comply with the requirements of IEC 62745:2017.
4.6 Requirements for emergency stopping
The machine shall be equipped with devices for emergency stop according to the specific hazards. In
particular, the pump unit shall be equipped with at least one emergency stop for the control device, which
is fixed to the machine. This emergency stop shall have a stop category 0 or 1, as defined in
EN 60204-1:2018.
This requirement does not apply to combustion engines driven machines where an emergency stop
device would not lessen the risk, either because it would not reduce the stopping time or because it would
not enable the special measures required to deal with the risk to be taken.
4.7 Thermal requirements
The parts of the machine, which can be touched during normal operation, shall not exceed the
temperature limits of touchable surfaces according to Table 1.
If the temperature limits given in Table 1 cannot be respected during normal operation, measures shall
be taken to reduce the risk of contacting such surfaces (e.g. by insulation). If this is not possible warnings
for the user/operator shall be given on the machine near the hazard.
Table 1 — Maximum permitted temperatures for accessible surfaces on high pressure water jet
machines during normal operation
Contact time
a b c
Material 0,5 s 1 min 8 h and longer
T C T C T C
0 0 0
1 1 1
65 51 43
Uncoated metals
d
75 51 43
Coated metals
Ceramics, glass, stone 80 56 43
Plastics 85 60 43
a
E.g. parts of the machine which are normally not contacted by an operator.
b
E.g. parts of the machine requiring short time repositioning (manipulation of the hoses, etc.).
c
Continuous contact by an operator (hand-held spraying device, etc.).
d
Thickness of the coating to be taken from EN ISO 13732-1:2008.
4.8 Noise reduction
4.8.1 Noise reduction at source by design
Machinery shall be designed and constructed in such a way that risks resulting from the emission of
airborne noise are reduced to the lowest level, taking account of technical progress and the availability
of means of reducing noise, in particular at source. When designing a machine the available information
and technical measures to control noise at source at the design stage shall be taken into account, see for
example EN ISO 11688-1:2009.
NOTE EN ISO 11688-2:2000 provides useful information on noise generation mechanisms in machinery.
The success of the applied noise reduction measures is assessed on the basis of the actual noise emission
values in relation to other machines of the same type with comparable non-acoustical technical data.
The major sound sources of high pressure water jet machines are: pumps, drives and heaters.
Noise can be reduced by the following measures:
— use of components and ancillaries with the lowest possible noise emission;
— isolation of structure borne noise or impact sound of power units;
— control cabin providing sound insulation.
4.8.2 Noise reduction by protective measures
Depending on the results of noise measurements carried out by the manufacturer, the high pressure
water jet machine shall be equipped with suitable device(s) to reduce noise emission. These devices may
be casings, enclosures, silencers, or screens fitted to the machine.
4.9 Requirements for vibration with hand-held spraying devices
Machine design shall ensure a vibration emission level at hand-held spraying device is as low as
reasonably practicable.
The hand-held spraying device shall be designed and constructed in such a way that risks resulting from
vibrations produced by the hand-held spraying device are reduced to the lowest level, taking account of
technical progress and the availability of means of reducing vibration, in particular at source.
The handles shall be designed and constructed in such a way as to reduce the vibrations transmitted to
the upper limbs of the operator to the lowest level that is reasonably practicable.
4.10 Requirements for program controlled water jet machines
Program controlled water jet machines where the jet is activated and stopped without direct operator
intervention shall be protected by safety devices or by the use of enclosures or interlocking guards, so
that a person cannot come into the danger zone in accordance with
EN ISO 14120:2015, EN 981:1996+A1:2008, EN ISO 14119:2013, EN ISO 13857:2019.
In an incident at least the high pressure has to be relieved.
If the manufacturer is not supplying the safety devices for the danger zone he shall give appropriate
information about their installation in the Instruction Handbook (see 6.1).
4.11 Marking the control devices
Manually activated control devices such as push buttons, selection switches, etc. shall be marked with
their function, either on or directly next to the operating element. Preferably, internationally
standardized graphic symbols (pictograms) should be used. (See EN ISO 7010:2020, EN 60204-1:2018,
and EN 61310-2:2008.)
5 Verification of the safety requirements and/or measures
5.1 General
The entire high pressure water jet machine shall be subjected to a successful functional test at the
maximum power available and with the nozzle that produces the maximum allowable working pressure.
Particular attention shall be paid to:
— the correct functioning of the controls and pressure indicator (checked against a calibrated test
gauge);
— whether operation is kept within the maximum allowable working pressure;
— the absence of leaks, except intended leakage for functional purposes.
Failure to meet these criteria will constitute a failure of the test.
The correct selection of hose lines and spraying devices shall be verified by inspection. All labelled
maximum allowable working pressures shall be the same as or greater than the maximum allowable
working pressures of the pressure generator.
5.2 Hydrostatic pressure test
5.2.1 General
A hydrostatic pressure test shall be carried out with a test pressure as defined in 4.3.1 (this can be
generated by the machines pressure generator when, after adjustment, the required test pressure can be
achieved). The hydrostatic pressure test shall be carried out in accordance with
EN 12162:2001+A1:2009.
The pressure relief device would either have to be removed or reset when the test in the previous
paragraph is carried out.
5.2.2 Testing of safety devices for preventing excessive pressure
5.2.2.1 Re-seatable safety devices
The function of the safety device shall pass the following inspections and tests:
— before starting the pressure test, verification of the device with the construction/design documents
shall be made;
— visual inspection to verify that the tamper-proof seal at the pressure setting adjuster is undamaged;
— the operating pressure shall be raised until the device operates. The pressure at which the
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