EN 14294:2010

Adhesives for leather and footwear materials - Preparation of bonded test pieces by moulding-on processes

This European Standard specifies procedures for the preparation of test pieces comprising adhesive coated leather or other footwear upper material onto which a soling material is moulded directly. The procedures described simulate direct vulcanising of rubber, injection moulding of thermoplastics and reaction moulding of polyurethane.
The prepared test pieces are suitable for the test procedures described in EN 1392, to meet the requirements of EN 15307.

Klebstoffe für Leder und Schuhwerkstoffe - Herstellung von Verbund-Proben nach dem Anformverfahren

Diese Europäische Norm legt Verfahren zur Herstellung von Proben aus Leder oder einem anderen Schuh-Obermaterial fest, an das ein Sohlenwerkstoff unmittelbar auf den aufgetragenen Klebstoff angeformt wird. Die beschriebenen Verfahren simulieren das Direktvulkanisieren von Kautschuk, das Spritzgießen von thermoplastischen Kunststoffen und das Reaktionsgießen von Polyurethan.
Die hergestellten Proben sind für die in EN 1392 beschriebenen Prüfverfahren und zur Erfüllung der Anforderungen von EN 15307 geeignet.
SICHERHEITSHINWEIS — Personen, die dieses Dokument anwenden, sollten mit der üblichen Laborpraxis vertraut sein. Dieses Dokument beabsichtigt nicht, alle Sicherheitsprobleme, soweit vorhanden, anzusprechen. Es liegt in der Verantwortung des Anwenders, geeignete Verhaltensregeln zur Sicherheit und Gesundheit festzulegen und deren Übereinstimmung mit den Bestimmungen aller gesetzlichen Regelungen sicherzu¬stellen.
UMWELTSCHUTZHINWEIS — Selbstverständlich können einige der in dieser Norm zugelassenen Materialien negative Auswirkungen auf die Umwelt haben. Sobald der technologische Fortschritt zu akzep¬tablen Alternativen zu diesen Materialien führt, werden sie so weit wie möglich aus der Norm entfernt. Am Ende der Prüfung sollte der Anwender der Norm für eine geeignete Entsorgung des Abfalls entsprechend den regionalen Bestimmungen Sorge tragen.

Adhésifs pour cuir et matériaux de la chaussure - Préparation d'éprouvettes collées par moulage direct sur tige

La présente Norme européenne spécifie des modes de préparation d’éprouvettes en cuir ou en toute autre matière à dessus de chaussure enduites d’adhésif et sur lesquelles un matériau solide est directement moulé. Les modes opératoires décrits simulent la vulcanisation directe du caoutchouc, l’injection de thermoplastiques et le moulage par réaction de polyuréthanne.
Les éprouvettes préparées conviennent aux modes opératoires d’essai décrits dans l’EN 1392 et respectent les exigences de l’EN 15307.
DÉCLARATION DE SÉCURITÉ – Il convient que les utilisateurs du présent document soient familiarisés avec les pratiques courantes de laboratoire, le cas échéant. Le présent document n’a pas pour but de traiter tous les problèmes de sécurité qui sont, le cas échéant, liés à son utilisation. Il incombe à l’utilisateur de la présente norme d’établir des pratiques appropriées en matière d’hygiène et de sécurité, et de s’assurer de la conformité à toutes les dispositions réglementaires.
DÉCLARATION ENVIRONNEMENTALE – Il est reconnu que certains des matériaux autorisés dans la présente norme peuvent avoir un impact négatif sur l’environnement. À mesure que les avancées technologiques mènent à d’autres solutions acceptables, ces matériaux seront autant que possible supprimés de la présente norme.
À la fin de l’essai, il convient que l’utilisateur de la norme prenne soin d’éliminer les déchets de façon appropriée, conformément à la réglementation locale.

Lepila za usnjene in obutvene materiale - Izdelava lepljenih preskušancev s postopki direktnega podplatenja

Ta evropski standard določa postopke za pripravo preskušancev, ki vključujejo z lepilom prevlečeni usnjeni ali drug obutveni zgornji material, na katerega se neposredno vlije material za podplate. Opisani postopki posnemajo neposredno vulkanizacijo gume, podplatenje plastomerov z nabrizgavanjem in reakcijsko podplatenje poliuretana. Da pripravljeni preskušanci ustrezajo zahtevam v EN 15307, morajo biti primerni za preskusne postopke, opisane v EN 1392. IZJAVA O VARNOSTI – Kjer je to primerno, morajo biti osebe, ki uporabljajo ta dokument, seznanjene z običajnimi laboratorijskimi praksami. Ta dokument nima namena obravnavati vseh varnostnih problemov, ki bi lahko bili povezani z njegovo uporabo. Odgovornost uporabnika je, da vzpostavi primerne varnostne in zdravstvene prakse in zagotovi skladnosti z vsemi zakonskimi pogoji. OKOLJSKA IZJAVA – Razume se, da imajo nekateri materiali, ki jih dovoljuje ta standard, lahko negativen učinek na okolje. Ko bo tehnološki napredek omogočil sprejemljive alternative za te materiale, bodo v največji mogoči meri izločeni iz tega standarda. Ob koncu preskusa mora uporabnik standarda poskrbeti, da odstrani odpadke na primeren način, v skladu z lokalnimi predpisi.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 09-Feb-2010
• Withdrawal Date: 30-Aug-2010
• ICS: 83.140 - Rubber and plastics products
• ICS: 83.180 - Adhesives
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 193 - Adhesives
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 193 - Adhesives
• Current Stage: 9093 - Decision to confirm - Review Enquiry
• Start Date: 15-Jul-2025
• Completion Date: 23-Sep-2025
• Ref Project: SIST EN 14294:2010 - Adhesives for leather and footwear materials - Preparation of bonded test pieces by moulding-on processes

Relations

• Replaces: EN 14294:2004 - Adhesives for leather and footwear materials - Preparation of bonded test pieces by moulding-on processes
• Effective Date: 22-Dec-2008

Overview

EN 14294:2010 - "Adhesives for leather and footwear materials - Preparation of bonded test pieces by moulding‑on processes" (CEN) defines standardized laboratory procedures to prepare test specimens in which an adhesive‑coated leather or other upper material has a soling material moulded directly onto it. The methods simulate common footwear manufacturing processes: direct vulcanising (rubber), injection moulding (thermoplastics) and reaction moulding (polyurethane). Prepared specimens are intended for bond strength testing according to EN 1392 and for evaluation against the requirements of EN 15307.

Key topics and requirements

• Scope and intent: Procedures produce flat moulded assemblies (soling bonded to upper material) suitable for subsequent peel and creep tests.
• Procedure steps: Surface preparation of upper materials; cutting and conditioning of strips; adhesive application and curing/drying intervals; placement in mould; moulding and curing of soling material; conditioning and sampling of test pieces.
• Materials and identification: Mandatory reporting of adhesive and material details (designation, manufacturer, batch/lot, polymer type, colour). Special note for two‑part adhesives, crosslinkers and reference test adhesives.
• Moulding processes covered:
  • Direct vulcanising (uncured rubber compounds)
  • Injection moulding (thermoplastic compounds such as PVC or SBSR)
  • Reaction moulding (polyurethane prepolymers/resins)
• Apparatus and preparation: Lists typical laboratory equipment (moulds, presses, injection moulder, ovens, applicators, cutting tools) and handling precautions relevant to each moulding method.
• Test piece requirements: Produced specimens must comply with EN 1392 dimensional and conditioning rules for peel and creep tests; number of specimens and reporting requirements are specified.
• Safety and environmental notes: Users must follow lab safety practices and local waste disposal regulations; some permitted materials may have environmental impacts.

Applications and practical value

• Quality control: Allows footwear manufacturers and adhesive suppliers to simulate factory moulding‑on processes under repeatable laboratory conditions to assess sole‑upper bond performance.
• R&D and product development: Useful for developing adhesives and soling compounds tailored to vulcanising, injection or reaction moulding.
• Compliance and certification: Produces specimens usable with EN 1392 testing and EN 15307 evaluation for regulatory or procurement specifications.
• Supplier verification: Standardized method for incoming material checks and batch comparisons.

Who should use this standard

• Adhesive manufacturers and formulators for leather and footwear
• Footwear laboratories and test houses
• R&D teams in shoe and components manufacturing
• Quality assurance and compliance professionals

Related standards

• EN 1392 - Testing of bond strength (stuck‑on assemblies)
• EN 15307 - Minimum strength requirements for sole‑upper bonds
• EN 923 - General adhesives terminology and requirements
• EN ISO 868 - Shore hardness measurement (used for soling materials)

Keywords: adhesives for leather and footwear, moulding‑on processes, direct vulcanising, injection moulding, reaction moulding, bonded test pieces, EN 14294, EN 1392, EN 15307, sole‑upper bond testing.

Standards Content (Sample)

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Lepila za usnjene in obutvene materiale - Izdelava lepljenih preskušancev s postopki direktnega podplatenjaKlebstoffe für Leder und Schuhwerkstoffe - Herstellung von Verbund-Proben nach dem AnformverfahrenAdhésifs pour cuir et matériaux de la chaussure - Préparation d'éprouvettes collées par moulage direct sur tigeAdhesives for leather and footwear materials - Preparation of bonded test pieces by moulding-on processes83.180LepilaAdhesives61.060ObuvalaFootwearICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 14294:2010SIST EN 14294:2010en,fr,de01-maj-2010SIST EN 14294:2010SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 14294:20051DGRPHãþD

EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 14294
February 2010 ICS 83.180 Supersedes EN 14294:2004English Version
Adhesives for leather and footwear materials - Preparation of bonded test pieces by moulding-on processes
Adhésifs pour cuir et matériaux de la chaussure - Préparation d'éprouvettes collées par moulage direct sur tige
Klebstoffe für Leder und Schuhwerkstoffe - Herstellung von Verbund-Proben nach dem Anformverfahren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 December 2009.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14294:2010: ESIST EN 14294:2010

Introduction EN 15307 and EN 1392 specify methods of testing and evaluation of adhesives for leather and footwear materials in "stuck-on" assemblies. Most footwear produced in Europe is manufactured using stuck-on processes, but a significant proportion is produced by "moulding-on" processes such as vulcanising, injection moulding and reaction moulding. This document specifies the preparation of bonded test pieces by moulding-on processes. The form and dimensions of the test pieces produced allows testing according to the test methods specified in EN 1392, and evaluation of the bond strength obtained according to EN 15307. This document therefore complements the above mentioned series of documents, and together they allow the simulation, testing and evaluation of almost all bonds occurring in common footwear constructions. SIST EN 14294:2010

Terms and definitions EN 1392:2006, Adhesives for leather and footwear materials
Solvent-based and dispersion adhesives
Testing of bond strength under specified conditions EN 15307, Adhesives for leather and footwear materials
Sole-upper bonds
Minimum strength requirements EN ISO 868, Plastics and ebonite
Determination of indentation hardness by means of a durometer (Shore hardness) (ISO 868:2003) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 923:2005 and EN 1392:2006 and the following apply. 3.1 moulding-on process process for soling footwear in which the soling material is directly moulded onto the bottom of the shoe in a mould closed by the shoe upper or other footwear component
NOTE The other footwear component can be an outsole or midsole onto which another soling layer is to be moulded. 3.2 vulcanising moulding process in which uncured rubber is inserted or extruded into the mould and is shaped and crosslinked by heat and pressure SIST EN 14294:2010

5.2 Footwear materials 5.2.1 General Identify all footwear materials used in the report. 5.2.2 Upper materials (or other footwear materials) Record the name and/or designation, manufacturer, date of manufacture or supply and type of leather, other footwear upper material (or other footwear material) used. For leathers list colour, thickness and type of tannage (if known). If reference test material Leather 1 is used in accordance with EN 15307, record its designation. 5.2.3 Soling moulding materials 5.2.3.1 General The soling moulding material required depends on the moulding-on process to be simulated. SIST EN 14294:2010

6.15 Metal mixing cans, of approximate volume 400 cm3 capable of holding about 300 g of the polyurethane constituents in liquid form. 6.16 Paper weighing cups, of approximate volume 200 cm3, to weigh the polyurethane prepolymer prior to mixing. 6.17 High speed stirrer, suitable for mixing the viscous polyurethane constituents in a metal can. A stirrer with a mixing head comprising a horizontal spoked metal wheel with rectangular teeth around the edge is suitable. 6.18 Polyethylene gloves. 6.19 Safety goggles. 6.20 Adhesive tape, double side adhesive tape. 7 Test pieces 7.1 General The form and dimensions of the test pieces prepared from the moulded-on assemblies shall comply with the requirements for test pieces for peel tests at (23 ± 2) °C, and test pieces for peel tests under constant load and at a constant elevated temperature ("creep test") in EN 1392. 7.2 Number of test pieces Prepare sets of test pieces in accordance with EN 1392. 7.3 Preparation of test strips 7.3.1 General Condition the footwear upper material in accordance with EN 1392. 7.3.2 Cutting of material strips Cut strips of the required size as indicated in EN 1392 from the upper mater
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