prEN 12259-14

Fixed firefighting systems - Components for sprinkler and water spray systems - Part 14: Sprinklers for residential applications

Standard specifies requirements for construction and performance of residential sprinklers and their rosettes which are operated by a change of state of an element or bursting of a glass bulb under the influence of heat, for use in automatic residential sprinkler systems.  Test methods and recommended test schedule for type approval testing are also given.

Ortsfeste Brandbekämpfungsanlagen - Bauteile für Sprinkler- und Sprühwasseranlagen - Teil 14: Sprinkler für die Anwendung im Wohnbereich

Diese Europäische Norm legt Anforderungen an den Bau und die Leistungsmerkmale von Sprinklern für den Wohnbereich sowie ihre Rosetten fest, die für Anwendungen in automatischen Sprinkleranlagen für den Wohnbereich vorgesehen sind und dadurch betrieben werden, dass unter dem Einfluss von Wärme eine Änderung des Zustands eines Elements eintritt oder es zum Bersten eines Glasfasses kommt. Prüfverfahren und ein empfohlener Prüfplan für die Typprüfung werden ebenfalls angegeben.
Diese Norm behandelt weder repräsentative Brandprüfungen und sonstige Prüfungen für spezielle Sprinkler, die für besondere Brandgefahren vorgesehen sind, noch deckt sie Brand- und sonstige Prüfungen für Sprinkler für kommerzielle und Industrie-Sprinkleranlagen nach EN 12845 ab. Diese Prüfanforderungen werden in EN 12259 1 behandelt.
ANMERKUNG   Alle Drücke in dieser Europäischen Norm werden als Überdrücke gegenüber Atmosphäre in bar angegeben.

Installations fixes de lutte contre l'incendie - Organes constitutifs des systèmes sprinkleurs et à pulvérisation - Partie 14: Sprinkleurs pour applications résidentielles

La présente Norme internationale spécifie les exigences relatives à la fabrication et aux performances des sprinkleurs résidentiels et de leurs rosaces, qui fonctionnement par un changement d'état d'un composant ou l'éclatement d'une ampoule de verre sous l'influence de la chaleur et sont destinés à être utilisés dans des systèmes d'extinction automatiques du type sprinkleur résidentiel. Elle indique également les méthodes d'essai ainsi qu'un programme recommandé pour les essais d'homologation de type.
La présente Norme ne couvre ni les essais au feu et autres essais représentatifs concernant des sprinkleurs spéciaux destinés à prévenir des risques d'incendie spécifiques, ni les essais au feu et autres essais relatifs à des sprinkleurs pour systèmes d'extinction automatique du type sprinkleur à usage commercial et industriel. Les exigences d'essai concernées sont couvertes par l'EN 12259-1.
NOTE   Toutes les pressions mentionnées dans la présente Norme européenne sont données en tant que pressions manométriques en bar.

Vgrajene naprave za gašenje - Sestavni deli sprinklerskih sistemov in sistemov s pršečo vodo - 14. del: Sprinklerji za uporabo v stanovanjih

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Publication Date: 03-Feb-2016
• ICS: 13.220.20 - Fire protection
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 191 - Fixed firefighting systems
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 191/WG 5 - Sprinkler systems
• Current Stage: 3098 - Decision to reject - Consensus building
• Start Date: 08-Feb-2013
• Completion Date: 08-Feb-2013
• Ref Project: oSIST prEN 12259-14:2014 - Fixed firefighting systems - Components for sprinkler and water spray systems - Part 14: Sprinklers for residential applications

Overview

prEN 12259-14 is a European standard developed by CEN that specifies requirements for residential sprinklers used in fixed firefighting systems. This standard addresses the construction, performance, and testing of sprinklers and their rosettes designed for automatic residential sprinkler systems. These devices operate either through a change of state in a heat-sensitive element or the bursting of a glass bulb due to temperature rise. The standard includes comprehensive test methods and schedules for type approval, ensuring quality, safety, and reliability in residential fire protection.

Key Topics

• Construction Requirements
  Specifies the detailed construction parameters for residential sprinklers, including materials, dimensions, and pressure ratings to ensure robust and reliable performance under fire conditions.

• Performance Criteria
  Defines the operational temperatures, water flow characteristics (K-factor), and water distribution essential for effective fire suppression in residential settings.

• Operating Temperatures
  Covers nominal and actual temperature ratings for sprinklers to guarantee activation at appropriate heat levels typical of residential fires.

• Test Methods
  Includes rigorous testing for functional reliability, water distribution, fire performance, mechanical strength, leak resistance, corrosion resistance, thermal response, and impact resistance.

• Marking and Identification
  Specifies mandatory markings such as temperature rating, manufacturing location, year of manufacture, and glass bulb manufacturer for traceability and compliance verification.

• Installation Instructions
  Provides guidelines for proper installation, including protective covers and sidewall sprinklers, which optimize performance and aesthetic integration in homes.

• Evaluation of Conformity
  Outlines initial type testing requirements and ongoing factory production controls to maintain consistent product quality and regulatory compliance.

Applications

prEN 12259-14 is essential for manufacturers, installers, and safety inspectors involved in residential fire suppression systems. Its practical applications include:

• Design and manufacture of automatic residential sprinklers adhering to standardized safety and performance measures.
• Implementation of quality assurance tests to approve sprinkler models for residential use.
• Guidance for installation and maintenance ensuring that sprinkler systems function effectively during fire emergencies in homes.
• Enhancement of fire safety protocols in residential buildings by ensuring sprinklers provide controlled water distribution and rapid heat detection.
• Support for regulatory compliance when integrating fixed firefighting systems into residential building codes.

Related Standards

prEN 12259-14 forms part of the broader prEN 12259 series on components for sprinklers and water spray systems. Other relevant standards include:

• prEN 12259-1 to prEN 12259-13: Cover various sprinkler system components and their performance requirements.
• ISO 6182 Series: International standards for fire protection - automatic sprinkler systems.
• EN 12845: Fixed firefighting systems - Automatic sprinkler systems - Design, installation and maintenance.
• EN 13565: Fixed firefighting systems - Foam systems - Design and performance requirements.

These related standards complement prEN 12259-14 by addressing different aspects of fire suppression system design and operation, contributing to a unified approach to fire safety in both residential and commercial environments.

---

Keywords

residential sprinkler system, fixed firefighting systems, automatic residential sprinklers, sprinkler performance standards, fire suppression, sprinkler test methods, sprinkler installation guidelines, CEN fire safety standards, prEN 12259-14, sprinkler construction requirements, residential fire protection

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2014
9JUDMHQHQDSUDYH]DJDãHQMH6HVWDYQLGHOLVSULQNOHUVNLKVLVWHPRYLQVLVWHPRYV
SUãHþRYRGRGHO6SULQNOHUML]DXSRUDERYVWDQRYDQMLK
Fixed firefighting systems - Components for sprinkler and water spray systems - Part 14:
Sprinklers for residential applications
Ortsfeste Brandbekämpfungsanlagen - Bauteile für Sprinkler- und Sprühwasseranlagen -
Teil 14: Sprinkler für die Anwendung im Wohnbereich
Installations fixes de lutte contre l'incendie - Organes constitutifs des systèmes
sprinkleurs et à pulvérisation - Partie 14: Sprinkleurs pour applications résidentielles
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 12259-14
ICS:
13.220.10 Gašenje požara Fire-fighting
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
January 2014
ICS 13.220.20
English Version
Fixed firefighting systems - Components for sprinkler and water
spray systems - Part 14: Sprinklers for residential applications
Installations fixes de lutte contre l'incendie - Organes Ortsfeste Brandbekämpfungsanlagen - Bauteile für
constitutifs des systèmes sprinkleurs et à pulvérisation - Sprinkler- und Sprühwasseranlagen - Teil 14: Sprinkler für
Partie 14: Sprinkleurs pour applications résidentielles die Anwendung im Wohnbereich
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 191.

If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 12259-14:2014 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .5
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions .6
4 Construction and performance .8
4.1 General .8
4.2 Product assembly .9
4.2.1 Protective Covers .9
4.3 Dimensions and pressure rating .9
4.3.1 Dimensions .9
4.3.2 Pressure ratings.9
4.4 Nominal operating temperature .9
4.5 Operating temperatures .9
4.6 Water flow and distribution . 10
4.6.1 K-factor . 10
4.6.2 Water distribution . 10
4.6.3 Water Impingement Test . 11
4.7 Function . 11
4.8 Fire Test . 11
4.8.1 General . 11
4.9 Strength of sprinkler body . 11
4.9.1 Strength of frame test . 11
4.9.2 Flow endurance . 11
4.10 Strength of release element . 12
4.10.1 Glass bulb sprinklers . 12
4.10.2 Fusible link sprinklers . 12
4.11 Leak resistance . 12
4.11.1 Hydrostatic strength . 12
4.11.2 Heat exposure . 12
4.11.3 Thermal shock . 12
4.12 Corrosion . 12
4.12.1 Stress corrosion . 12
4.12.2 Sulphur dioxide–Carbon dioxide corrosion . 12
4.12.3 Salt mist corrosion . 13
4.12.4 Moist air . 13
4.13 Water hammer . 13
4.14 Thermal response . 13
4.15 Resistance to vibration . 13
4.16 Resistance to impact . 13
4.16.1 Impact test for sprinklers . 13
4.16.2 Impact test for protective covers . 13
4.17 Resistance to low temperature . 14
4.18 Resistance to heat . 14
5 Marking . 14
5.1 Identification number . 14
5.2 Temperature rating and year of manufacture . 14
5.3 Manufacturing location . 14
5.4 Glass bulb manufacturer . 14
5.5 Painted decorative sprinklers . 15
5.6 Protective covers . 15
5.7 Sidewall sprinklers . 15
5.7.1 General . 15
5.7.2 Horizontal sidewall sprinklers . 15
5.8 Concealed sprinklers . 15
5.9 Removable recessed housing . 15
6 Instruction charts . 15
6.1 General . 15
6.2 Installation Instructions . 15
7 Evaluation of conformity . 16
7.1 General . 16
7.2 Initial type testing . 16
7.3 Factory production control (FPC) . 17
7.3.1 General . 17
7.3.2 Production leakage test . 17
7.3.3 Glass bulb integrity test . 17
Annex A (normative) Conditions for tests . 18
Annex B (normative) Test to determine operating temperatures of fusible link sprinklers and
glass bulb sprinklers . 19
Annex C (normative) Water flow and distribution tests . 20
C.1 Calibration Test . 20
C.2 Test equipment . 20
C.3 Dry type sprinklers . 22
C.4 Test procedure . 22
Annex D (normative) Water distribution test . 23
D.1 Water distribution test – Horizontal surface . 23
D.1.1 General . 23
D.1.2 Upright, pendant, flush, and concealed sprinklers . 23
D.1.3 Sidewall Sprinklers . 25
D.2 Water distribution test – vertical surface . 26
D.2.1 Test method . 26
D.3 Water impingement test . 28
D.3.1 Test method . 28
Annex E (normative) Fire test . 29
E.1 Extent of testing . 29
E.2 Test arrangement . 33
E.2.1 General . 33
E.2.2 Test room . 33
E.2.3 Fire source . 35
E.2.4 Sprinkler installation . 36
E.3 Test method . 37
E.4 Supplementary test . 37
Annex F (normative) Functional test . 38
Annex G (normative) Strength of sprinkler body . 40
G.1 Strength of sprinkler body . 40
G.2 Flow endurance test . 40
Annex H (normative) Strength of release elements test . 41
H.1 Load on heat responsive element . 41
H.2 Sample number and temperature for load test . 41
H.3 Glass bulbs . 41
H.4 Fusible links . 41
Annex I (normative) Leak resistance tests . 42
I.1 Hydrostatic Strength Test. 42
Table I.1 — Test pressures for the leakage and hydrostatic tests . 42
Annex J (normative) Heat exposure . 43
J.1 Test duration . 43
J.2 Test oven . 43
Annex K (normative) Glass bulb sprinkler thermal shock test . 44
K.1 Performance . 44
K.2 Test procedure . 44
Annex L (normative) Exposure and corrosion tests . 45
L.1 Stress corrosion . 45
L.2 Moist carbon dioxide–sulphur dioxide air mixture . 45
L.3 5 % salt spray . 46
L.4 Moist Air . 46
Annex M (normative) Water hammer test . 47
M.1 Water hammer test. 47
Annex N (normative) Thermal response test . 48
N.1 Oven heat test . 48
N.2 Room heat test . 51
Annex O (normative) Vibration test . 54
Annex P (normative) Impact test . 55
P.1 Impact test . 55
P.2 Impact test – protective covers . 57
Annex Q (normative) Resistance to low temperature test . 59
Annex R (normative) Resistance to high temperature test. 60
Annex S (informative) Tolerance Limit Calculation Methods . 61

Foreword
This document (prEN 12259-14:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 191 “Fixed
firefighting systems”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
Annexes A to R are normative. Annex S is informative. This document includes a Bibliography.
It is included in a series of European standards planned to cover:
 automatic sprinkler systems (EN 12259 and EN 12845);
 gas extinguishing systems (EN 12094);
 powder systems (EN 12416);
 explosion protection systems (EN 26184);
 foam systems (EN 13565);
 gas systems (EN 12094);
 hydrant and hose reel systems (EN 671);
 smoke and heat control systems (EN 12101).
1 Scope
This European standard specifies requirements for construction and performance of residential sprinklers and
their rosettes which are operated by a change of state of an element or bursting of a glass bulb under the
influence of heat, for use in automatic residential sprinkler systems. Test methods and a recommended test
schedule for type approval testing are also given.
This standard does not cover representative fire and other tests for special sprinklers that are intended to
provide for specific fire hazards, nor does it cover fire and other tests for sprinklers for commercial and
industrial sprinkler systems as in EN 12845. Those test requirements are covered by EN 12259-1.
NOTE All pressure data in this European standard are given as gauge pressures in bar.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ASTM B117, Standard practice for operating salt spray (fog) apparatus
ASTM E1354, Standard test method for heat and visible smoke release rates for materials and products using
and oxygen consumption calorimeter
EN 12845, Fixed fire fighting systems – Automatic sprinkler system – Design, installation and maintenance
ISO 7-1, Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are made on the treads – Part 1: Dimensions, tolerances
and designation
UL 723, Standard for test for surface burning characteristics of building materials
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
painted sprinkler
sprinkler that has factory applied paint, platings or coatings for corrosion protection or decorative purposes
3.2
concealed ceiling sprinkler
sprinkler assembly having a cover plate
3.3
discharge coefficient “K”
known as K-factor
coefficient of discharge in the formula,
Q K√ p
(1)
where
Q is the flow in litres per minute, and p is the pressure in bar
3.4
dry-type sprinkler
sprinkler secured in an extension nipple that has a seal at the inlet end to prevent water from entering the
nipple until the sprinkler operates
Note 1 to entry: These sprinklers may consist of a pendant, sidewall, ceiling or other types.
3.5
flush ceiling sprinkler
sprinkler in which all or part of the body, including the shank thread, is mounted above the lower plane of the
ceiling
3.6
heat responsive element
that portion of a sprinkler that breaks, melts, or otherwise functions to initiate the automatic operation of the
sprinkler when exposed to sufficient heat
3.7
heptane
commercial grade heptane having the following characteristics:
a) minimum Initial Boiling Point of 88 °C;
b) maximum Dry Point of 100 °C; and
c) specific Gravity (15,6 °C/15,6 °C) of 0,68 - 0,73
=
3.8
orifice
opening that controls the amount of water discharged from a sprinkler at a given pressure
3.9
pendant sprinkler
sprinkler intended to be installed so that its deflector is located below the orifice and the water flows downward
through the orifice
3.10
residential sprinkler
sprinkler intended to be installed in residential occupancies that opens automatically at a specified
temperature by operation of a heat-responsive releasing mechanism that otherwise maintains the discharge
orifice closed and which upon operating discharges water in a specific pattern and quantity over a designated
area
3.11
sidewall sprinkler
sprinkler intended for installation on or near the wall and near the ceiling, and designed to discharge most of
the water away from the nearby wall with a small portion of the discharge directed at the wall behind the
sprinkler
3.12
upright sprinkler
sprinkler intended to be installed so that its deflector is located above the orifice and the water flows upward
through the orifice
3.13
conductivity factor
C
measure of the conductance between the sprinkler's heat responsive element and the water filled fitting,
½ ½
expressed in (meters/second) (m/s)
3.14
response time index
RTI
½ ½
measure of the thermal sensitivity of the sprinkler expressed in (meters seconds) (m×s)
3.15
automatic sprinkler
nozzle with a thermally sensitive sealing device that opens to discharge water for fire fighting
3.16
design lower tolerance limit
DLTL
glass bulb supplier’s specified and assured lowest lower tolerance limit (LTL)
3.17
design upper tolerance limit
DUTL
sprinkler supplier’s specified and assured highest upper tolerance limit (UTL)
3.18
fusible link sprinkler
sprinkler which opens when an element provided for that purpose melts
3.19
glass bulb sprinkler
sprinkler which opens when a liquid-filled glass bulb bursts
3.20
mean design service load
sprinkler supplier’s specified and assured highest mean service load for any batch of 10 or more sprinklers
3.21
mean design strength
glass bulb supplier’s specified and assured lowest mean bulb strength for any batch of 55 or more bulbs
3.22
horizontal sprinkler
sprinkler in which the nozzle directs the water horizontally
3.23
lower tolerance limit
LTL
glass bulb lowest strength determined by test and statistical analysis of a batch of 55 or more bulbs
3.24
recessed sprinkler
sprinkler in which all or part of the thermally sensitive element is above the plane of the ceiling
3.25
supplier
company responsible for the design, manufacture and quality assurance of a product
3.26
upper tolerance limit
UTL
highest service load determined by test and statistical analysis of a batch of 20 or more sprinklers
3.27
sprinkler yoke (arms)
part of a sprinkler that maintains the thermally sensitive element in load bearing contact with the sprinkler
head valve
4 Construction and performance
4.1 General
4.1.1 A residential sprinkler shall be constructed to effect closure of its water seat for extended periods of
time without leakage and to open as intended and release all parts as specified in this standard. The closure
of the water seat shall not be achieved by the use of a dynamic O-ring or similar seal (an O-ring or similar seal
that moves during operation or is in contact with a component that moves during operation).
4.1.2 A sprinkler shall be chemically or mechanically staked to maintain the manufacturer's assembly load.
The assembly load shall be incapable of being changed by the use of common hand tools without causing
visible damage to the sprinkler.
4.1.3 Stampings shall show no cracking or splitting and shall be uniformly smooth and clean cut.
4.1.4 The operation and distribution characteristics of a sprinkler shall not be impaired by the application of
any factory applied coating or plating.
4.1.5 When installed with the intended fittings specified in the installation instructions (see 6.2), dry-type
sprinklers installed in dry systems shall be constructed to minimize the potential to accumulate water, scale,
and sediment on the sprinkler inlet and shall provide an unobstructed flow path upon operation.
4.1.6 Except where indicated, a component of a product covered by this standard shall conform to the
requirements for that component.
4.1.7 A component is not required to conform to a specific requirement that involves a feature or
characteristic not required in the application of the component in the product covered by this standard.
4.1.8 A component shall be used in accordance with its rating established for the intended conditions of
use.
4.1.9 Specific components are incomplete in construction features or restricted in performance capabilities.
Such components are intended for use only under limited conditions, such as certain temperatures not
exceeding specified limits, and shall be used only under those specific conditions.
4.2 Product assembly
4.2.1 Protective Covers
4.2.1.2 Sprinklers with glass bulb type heat responsive elements shall be equipped with protective covers that
are designed to remain in place during installation and be removed before the sprinkler system is placed in
service.
Exception: Certain sprinkler designs, such as concealed sprinklers, dry-type sprinklers, and sprinklers with
guards, may not be required to have protective covers.
4.2.1.3 Sprinklers required to be equipped with sprinkler covers shall conform to 4.16.2
4.3 Dimensions and pressure rating
4.3.1 Dimensions
4.3.1.1 Nominal thread sizes shall be suitable for fittings threaded in accordance with ISO 7-1.
4.3.1.2 Threads shall be clean cut and true and free from burrs, scoring, chatter marks, or the like.
4.3.1.3 The diameter of a discharge orifice or any internal passage of a sprinkler shall be at least 5,3 mm.
4.3.2 Pressure ratings
A residential sprinkler shall have a minimum rated pressure of 12 bar.
4.4 Nominal operating temperature
The operating temperature of residential sprinklers and cover plates, when tested in accordance with Annex
B, shall be within a range of ± 3,5 % of its marked nominal temperature rating.
4.5 Operating temperatures
4.5.1 The temperature classification, temperature rating, and colour coding of a residential sprinkler shall be
as specified in Table 1.
Table 1 — Temperature classification ratings and colour coding
Temperatu Colour code Maximum ceiling
re rating temperature
°C
• Frame arms • Glass bulb • °C
57 – 77 Uncoloured or black Orange 38
57 ± 2,6 °C or Red
68 ± 3,0 °C
79 – 107 White Yellow 66
79 ± 3,4 °C
or Green
93 ± 3,9 °C
4.6 Water flow and distribution
4.6.1 K-factor
Sprinkler orifices shall have individual K-factor values that are within ± 5 % of the average K-factor determined
at a specific pressure for the dimensional tolerance specified by the manufacturer when tested in accordance
with C.4
Exception: A sprinkler with an average K-factor of less than 5,5 is able to have individual K-factor values that
are not within ±5 % of the average K-factor if the single K-factor value is within ± 0,2 units of the average K-
factor value.
4.6.2 Water distribution
4.6.2.1 Water distribution test – Horizontal surface
When installed in accordance with the installation instructions and tested as described in D.1 a residential
sprinkler shall distribute water over a horizontal surface so that the application rate for any 0,1 m area within
the design area (the maximum area the sprinkler is intended to protect) shall be at least 0,8 mm/min except
that:
a) No more than four 0,1 m areas for each quadrant shall be allowed to be at least 0.6 mm/min for
upright and pendant sprinklers; and
b) No more than eight 0,1 m areas shall be allowed to be at least 0,6 mm/min for each half (split along
the sprinkler centerline) of the design area for sidewall sprinklers.
4.6.2.2 Water distribution test – Vertical surface
When installed in accordance with the installation instructions and tested as described Annex D.2, a
residential sprinkler shall distribute water in a uniform manner over vertical surfaces as follows:
a) Walls within the coverage area shall be wetted to at least within 700 mm of the ceiling with one
sprinkler discharging water at the specified design flow rate.
b) For square coverage areas, each wall within the coverage area shall be wetted with at least 5 percent
of the sprinkler flow; for rectangular coverage areas, each wall within the coverage area shall be
wetted with a proportional water amount based on 20 % of the total sprinkler discharge in accordance
with the following formula:
WW20 %(D/ P)
(2)
=
where
WW is required amount of water collected on a wall, percent;
D is wall length, metres;
P is total perimeter of coverage area, metres.
4.6.3 Water Impingement Test
When tested in accordance with Annex 0 and while discharging water at a service pressure of 0,5 bar less
than the rated pressure, a residential sprinkler shall not prevent the operation of a second ordinary-
temperature rated residential sprinkler.
4.7 Function
When tested in accordance with Annex F each of the residential sprinklers shall operate at service pressures
of 0,5 bar to the rated pressure. All operating parts shall release with a sharp, positive action. Operating parts
intended to be released from the sprinkler assembly shall clear the sprinkler frame and deflector so as not to
impair the water distribution pattern.
4.8 Fire Test
4.8.1 General
When fire tested as described in Annex E a residential sprinkler shall limit temperatures as specified below
when tested at each rated spacing referenced in the installation instructions. Additionally, a maximum of two
residential sprinklers shall operate. The sprinklers shall limit temperatures as follows:
a) The maximum temperature 76 mm below the ceiling at either location as illustrated in Figure E.1,
Figure E.2 and Figure E.3 shall not exceed 316 °C.
b) The maximum temperature 1,6 m above the floor shall not exceed 93 °C.
c) The temperature at the location described in (b) shall not exceed 54 °C for more than any continuous
2 min period.
d) The maximum ceiling material temperature 6,4 mm behind the finished ceiling surface shall not
exceed 260 °C.
See Figure E.1, (pendant, upright, flush, recessed pendant, and concealed sprinklers) or Figure E.2 and
Figure E.3 (sidewall sprinklers) for temperature measuring locations.
4.9 Strength of sprinkler body
4.9.1 Strength of frame test
A residential sprinkler frame shall not show permanent distortion when tested in accordance with Annex G.1.
4.9.2 Flow endurance
A residential sprinkler shall withstand for 30 min, without evidence of cracking, deformation, or separation of
any part, when tested in accordance with Annex G.2.
4.10 Strength of release element
4.10.1 Glass bulb sprinklers
The lower tolerance limit for bulb strength, based on calculations with a degree of confidence of 0,99 for 99 %
of samples, shall exceed two times the upper tolerance limit for sprinkler assembly load based on calculations
with the same degree of precision as for bulb strength when tested in accordance with Annex H.3.
4.10.2 Fusible link sprinklers
A fusible-alloy heat responsive element of a residential sprinkler shall either:
a) sustain a load of 15 times its maximum design load for 100 h; or
b) demonstrate the ability to sustain the maximum design load when tested in accordance with Annex
H.4.
4.11 Leak resistance
4.11.1 Hydrostatic strength
A residential sprinkler shall not leak when tested in accordance with Annex I.1.
4.11.2 Heat exposure
A residential sprinkler shall withstand for 90 days, without evidence of weakness or malfunction, an exposure
to the high-ambient temperature in accordance with Annex J.1.
4.11.3 Thermal shock
A sprinkler having a glass bulb shall withstand the thermal shock of rapid temperature changes when tested in
accordance with Annex K
4.12 Corrosion
4.12.1 Stress corrosion
4.12.1.1 Stress-corrosion cracking of brass sprinkler parts test
After being subjected for 10 days to a moist ammonia exposure as described in Annex L.1 a residential
sprinkler having brass parts shall:
a) show no evidence of cracking, delamination, or degradation; or
b) perform as intended when tested as described in Annex 0.
If the application of a 12 bar water pressure to the inlet of the sprinkler increases the assembly load by more
than 10 %, the additional load is to be applied during the moist ammonia-air mixture exposure specified in
Annex 0 and Annex 0.
4.12.2 Sulphur dioxide–Carbon dioxide corrosion
Residential sprinklers shall withstand an exposure to carbon dioxide–sulfur dioxide atmospheres when tested
in accordance with Annex L.2.
4.12.3 Salt mist corrosion
Residential sprinklers shall withstand an exposure to a salt mist atmosphere when tested in accordance with
Annex L.3.
4.12.4 Moist air
Residential sprinklers shall withstand an exposure to moist air atmospheres when tested in accordance with
Annex L.4.
4.13 Water hammer
Residential sprinklers shall withstand an exposure to carbon dioxide–sulfur dioxide atmospheres when tested
in accordance with Annex L.2.
4.14 Thermal response
A residential sprinkler shall have the following operating time characteristics when tested in the sensitivity test
oven as specified in Annex N:
a) a maximum operating time specified in Table 2 for each sample sprinkler. If the sprinkler temperature
rating is not shown in Table 2, the maximum operating time for each sample sprinkler shall be
determined by using the formula specified in Annex 0 based on a Response Time Index (RTI) value of
1/2
, and the marked temperature rating of the sprinkler;
50 (m·s)
b) Mean operating time equal to or less than a 1,30 multiple of the mean operating time of the sprinkler
tested in accordance with 4.14(a) after being subjected to the exposure tests specified in s 4.11.2 and
4.12 (heat exposure and corrosion exposure tests, respectively).
Table 2 — Maximum operating time for sprinklers in oven-heat test
Sprinkler temperature rating Maximum operating time
°C Seconds
57 11,2
60 12,3
68 16,0
71 17,4
74 18,8
79 12,1
4.15 Resistance to vibration
A residential sprinkler shall withstand the effects of vibration without deterioration of its performance
characteristics when tested in accordance with Annex O.
4.16 Resistance to impact
4.16.1 Impact test for sprinklers
A residential sprinkler, except for dry-type sprinklers, shall not be damaged or leak when tested as described
in Annex P.1.
4.16.2 Impact test for protective covers
A glass bulb type sprinkler, with the protective cover installed, shall not be damaged or leak, and the cover
shall remain in place, when tested as described in Annex P.2.
4.17 Resistance to low temperature
Following exposure to the freezing conditions described in Annex Q, a residential sprinkler shall neither
operate, leak at low pressure, nor sustain any damage when water pressure is applied and shall conform to
the requirements of the leakage test, Sub-clause 4.11.1 and the sensitivity tests, Sub-clause 4.14.
4.18 Resistance to heat
When tested in accordance with Annex R, the sprinkler body, deflector and its supporting parts shall show no
significant deformation or breakage.
5 Marking
5.1 Identification number
5.1.1 A four- to six-character identification number, with no intervening spaces, shall be used to identify the
manufacturer and sprinkler operating characteristics. The number shall be cast or die-stamped on the
sprinkler deflector or on a visible non-operating part, which is not used to install the sprinkler. In addition, the
identification number for decorative ceiling sprinklers is permitted to be located behind the cover plate which is
removable with common tools, provided the number will be visible after the sprinkler is installed and the cover
plate is removed.
5.1.2 The identification number shall consist of one or two characters which identify the manufacturer,
followed by three or four digits to identify an unique sprinkler identification for orifice size or shape, deflector
characteristic, pressure rating and thermal sensitivity classification.
5.2 Temperature rating and year of manufacture
5.2.1 A residential sprinkler shall be permanently marked on a visible non-operating part with the
temperature rating and year of manufacture.
Exception: The temperature rating may be marked on a visible operating part instead of being marked on a
visible non-operating part.
Note: A sprinkler produced in the last 3 months of a calendar year may be marked with the following year as
the date of manufacture, and one produced in the first 6 months of a calendar year may be marked with the
preceding year as the date of manufacture.
5.2.2 The frame arms of residential sprinklers of the various temperature ratings shall be coloured in
accordance with the colour code designated in Table 1.
Exception No. 1: Frame arm colour identification is not required for painted sprinklers, ceiling sprinklers, or
similar decorative types.
Exception No. 2: Frame arm colour identification
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