EN 405:2001+A1:2009

Respiratory protective devices - Valved filtering half masks to protect against gases or gases and particles - Requirements, testing, marking

This European Standard specifies the performance requirements, test methods and marking requirements for valved filtering half masks incorporating either gas or combined filters as respiratory protective devices except for escape purposes. It does not cover gas filtering half masks which do not have valves or are fitted only with exhalation valves. It does not cover devices designed for use in circumstances where there is or might be an oxygen deficiency (oxygen less than a volume fraction of 17 %).
Laboratory and practical performance tests are included for the assessment of compliance with the requirements.

Atemschutzgeräte - Filtrierende Halbmasken mit Ventilen zum Schutz gegen Gase oder Gase und Partikeln - Anforderungen, Prüfung, Kennzeichnung

Appareils de protection respiratoire - Demi-masques filtrants à soupapes contre les gaz ou contre les gaz et les particules - Exigences, essais, marquage

La présente Norme Européenne spécifie les exigences de performance, les méthodes d’essais et les exigences de
marquage applicables aux demi-masques filtrants pourvus de soupapes et de filtres antigaz ou de filtres combinés,
utilisés comme appareils de protection respiratoire, sauf pour l’évacuation. Elle ne s’applique pas aux demi-masques
filtrants antigaz dépourvus de soupapes ou uniquement pourvus de soupapes expiratoires. Elle ne s’applique pas
non plus aux appareils conçus pour être utilisés dans des situations où il y a ou pourrait y avoir un défaut d’oxygène
(teneur en oxygène inférieure à 17 % en volume).
Elle contient des essais pratiques de performance et des essais de laboratoire pour s’assurer de la conformité avec
les spécifications.

Oprema za varovanje dihal - Polobrazna maska z ventili za varovanje pred plini ali plini in delci - Zahteve, preskušanje, označevanje

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 05-May-2009
• ICS: 13.340.30 - Respiratory protective devices
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 79 - Respiratory protective devices
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 79 - Respiratory protective devices
• Current Stage: 9093 - Decision to confirm - Review Enquiry
• Start Date: 03-Dec-2022
• Completion Date: 14-Apr-2025
• Directive: 2016/425 - Regulation (EU) 2016/425 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 2016 on personal protective equipment and repealing Council Directive 89/686/EEC
• Directive: 89/686/EEC - Council Directive 89/686/EEC of 21 December 1989 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to personal protective equipment
• Ref Project: SIST EN 405:2002+A1:2009 - Respiratory protective devices - Valved filtering half masks to protect against gases or gases and particles - Requirements, testing, marking

Relations

• Merged From: EN 405:2001 - Respiratory protective devices - Valved filtering half masks to protect against gases or gases and particles - Requirements, testing, marking
• Effective Date: 19-Jan-2023

Overview

EN 405:2001+A1:2009 is a European Standard from CEN that sets requirements, test methods and marking for valved filtering half masks used to protect against gases or gases and particles (excluding escape devices and use in oxygen-deficient atmospheres). The standard covers valved gas and combined filters in half‑mask format, specifies laboratory and practical performance tests for compliance, and includes Amendment A1 (2009). It is intended for respiratory protective devices that incorporate inhalation and exhalation valves and provides the basis for product design, testing and CE / national conformity in Europe.

Key topics and technical requirements

EN 405 addresses the practical and laboratory performance parameters critical to safe, effective valved filtering half masks. Major topics include:

• Classification and designation of valved gas, multi‑type and combined filtering half masks
• Design and construction requirements (facepiece, valves, separable/integral filters)
• Performance tests and conditioning (temperature, mechanical strength, donning/doffing)
• Inward leakage testing (methods using test agents such as sulfur hexafluoride or sodium chloride)
• Filter performance: particle filter penetration and gas filtering capacity assessments
• Breathing resistance (inhalation and exhalation) and clogging behaviour under simulated use
• Valve strength and attachment testing for exhalation valve assemblies
• Safety aspects: flammability, carbon dioxide content of inhaled air, compatibility with skin
• Marking, packaging and user information requirements to ensure correct selection and use

The standard details test procedures, sample conditioning, and practical performance tests such as walking and work simulation tests to validate real‑world usability.

Practical applications

EN 405 is used to ensure that valved filtering half masks perform reliably in occupational and industrial environments where protection against gases or gas-plus-particle hazards is required. Typical practical uses include:

• Selection and certification of PPE by manufacturers and conformity assessment bodies
• Type testing and routine quality control in accredited test laboratories
• Procurement specifications and compliance checks by safety managers and employers
• Guidance for product labeling, user instructions and safe use by end users

Note: EN 405 explicitly excludes devices intended for escape purposes and those for use in atmospheres where oxygen may be < 17% by volume.

Who should use this standard

• PPE manufacturers and designers of valved filtering half masks
• Test laboratories and conformity assessment bodies (CEN members)
• Occupational safety professionals, purchasers and compliance officers
• Regulatory authorities and standards committees

Related standards

• EN 14387 - Gas filter(s) and combined filter(s): requirements, testing, marking
• EN 132 - Respiratory protective devices: terms and pictograms
• EN 134 - Nomenclature of components for respiratory protective devices
• EN 13274-7 - Methods of test: particle filter penetration

Keywords: EN 405, valved filtering half masks, respiratory protective devices, gas filters, combined filters, testing, marking, inward leakage, breathing resistance, filter penetration.

Standards Content (Sample)

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Atemschutzgeräte - Filtrierende Halbmasken mit Ventilen zum Schutz gegen Gase oder Gase und Partikeln - Anforderungen, Prüfung, KennzeichnungAppareils de protection respiratoire - Demi-masques filtrants à soupapes contre les gaz ou contre les gaz et les particules - Exigences, essais, marquageRespiratory protective devices - Valved filtering half masks to protect against gases or gases and particles - Requirements, testing, marking13.340.30Varovalne dihalne napraveRespiratory protective devicesICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 405:2001+A1:2009SIST EN 405:2002+A1:2009en01-julij-2009SIST EN 405:2002+A1:2009SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 405:2001+A1
May 2009 ICS 13.340.30 Supersedes EN 405:2001English Version
Respiratory protective devices - Valved filtering half masks to protect against gases or gases and particles - Requirements, testing, marking
Appareils de protection respiratoire - Demi-masques filtrants à soupapes contre les gaz ou contre les gaz et les particules - Exigences, essais, marquage
Atemschutzgeräte - Filtrierende Halbmasken mit Ventilen zum Schutz gegen Gase oder Gase und Partikeln - Anforderungen, Prüfung, Kennzeichnung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 8 November 2001 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 26 March 2009.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 405:2001+A1:2009: ESIST EN 405:2002+A1:2009

Marking . 43Annex ZA (informative)
Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requirements or other provisions of EU Directives . 44Bibliography . 45SIST EN 405:2002+A1:2009

1 Scope This European Standard specifies the performance requirements, test methods and marking requirements for valved filtering half masks incorporating either gas or combined filters as respiratory protective devices except for escape purposes. It does not cover gas filtering half masks which do not have valves or are fitted only with exhalation valves. It does not cover devices designed for use in circumstances where there is or might be an oxygen deficiency (oxygen less than a volume fraction of 17 %). Laboratory and practical performance tests are included for the assessment of compliance with the requirements. 2 Normative references !The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies." EN 132, Respiratory protective devices - Definition of terms and pictograms EN 134, Respiratory protective devices - Nomenclature of components !deleted text" EN 143, Respiratory protective devices - Particle filters - Requirements, testing, marking !deleted text" !EN 13274-7, Respiratory protective devices – Methods of test – Part 7: Determination of particle filter penetration EN 14387, Respiratory protective devices – Gas filter(s) and combined filter(s) - Requirements, testing, marking" 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard the terms and definitions in EN 132 and the nomenclature given in
EN 134 apply !together with the following: 3.1 re-usable particle filtering component for valved combined filtering half mask particle filtering component which is intended to be used for more than a single shift" 4 Description A valved filtering half mask covers the nose and mouth and the chin and has both inhalation and exhalation valves and a) consists entirely or substantially of filter material or, b) comprises a facepiece in which the gas filter(s) form(s) an inseparable part of the device and where particle filters can be replaceable. It provides adequate sealing for the intended use on the face of the wearer against the ambient atmosphere, when the skin is dry or moist and when the head is moved. SIST EN 405:2002+A1:2009

!FFA1P1 NR D; FFA1P2 R D." „D“ stands for optional clogging with dolomite. SIST EN 405:2002+A1:2009

Materials used shall be suitable to withstand handling and wear over the period for which the valved filtering half mask is designed to be used. Testing shall be done in accordance with 8.4. After undergoing the treatment described in 8.3.2 and 8.3.3 none of the devices shall collapse or shall have suffered mechanical failure of the facepiece body or straps. 7.1.2
Any material of the filter media or any gaseous products that may be released by the airflow through the filter shall not be known to constitute a hazard or nuisance for the wearer. Testing shall be done in accordance with 8.2. 7.1.3
!If the valved filtering half mask is designed to be re-usable, the materials used shall withstand the cleaning and disinfecting agents and procedures to be specified by the manufacturer. With reference to 7.7.1, for valved filtering half mask with non separable particle filters, after cleaning and disinfecting the re-usable valved filtering half mask shall satisfy the penetration requirement of the relevant class. Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.7.1 using EN 13274-7. NOTE Separable filters are not subjected to cleaning and disinfecting." 7.2 Nominal values and tolerances Unless otherwise specified, the values stated in this European Standard are expressed as nominal values. Except for temperature limits, values which are not stated as maxima or minima shall be subject to a limit deviation of
Table 1 — Particle filter penetration
Classification
Maximum initial penetration of test aerosols at 95 l/min
Sodium chloride % Paraffin oil % FFGasP1 20 20 FFGasP2 6 6 FFGasP3 1 1
!A total of 6 samples of valved combined filtering half masks shall be tested for each aerosol. The Penetration test according to EN 13274-7 shall be performed on: - 3 samples as received.
The Exposure test with a specified mass of test aerosol of 120 mg, and for valved filtering half mask claimed to be re-usable additionally the Storage test, according to EN 13274-7, shall be performed: - for non-re-usable devices on: - 3 samples after the test for mechanical strength in accordance with 8.3.4 followed by temperature conditioning in accordance with 8.3.3. - for re-usable devices on: - 3 samples after the test for mechanical strength in accordance with 8.3.4 followed by temperature conditioning in accordance with 8.3.3 and followed by one cleaning and disinfecting cycle according to the manufacturer's instruction." Separable particle filters, other than prefilters, designed to be used additionally with devices other than devices according to this standard shall meet the requirements of EN 143. 7.7.2 Gas filtering capacity 7.7.2.1
When tested in accordance with 8.6 the devices shall meet the requirements given in Table 2 for minimum breakthrough times for FFGas1 and/or FFGas2 devices and/or the requirements of !EN 14387". SIST EN 405:2002+A1:2009

Classification
Test agent Test gas concentration in air Breakthrough concentration Minimum breakthrough time
% by volume
mg/l
ml/m3
min FFA1 Cyclohexane (C6H12) 0,1 3,5 10 70 FFB1 Chlorine (Cl2) 0,1 3,0 0,5 20
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) 0,1 1,4 10 40
Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) 0,1 1,1 10a 25 FFE1 Sulfur dioxide (SO2) 0,1 2,7 5 20 FFK1 Ammonia (NH3) 0,1 0,7 25 50 FFA2 Cyclohexane (C6H12) 0,5 17,5 10 35 FFB2 Chlorine (Cl2) 0,5 15,0 0,5 20
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) 0,5 7,1 10 40
Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) 0,5 5,6 10a 25 FFE2 Sulfur dioxide (SO2) 0,5 13,3 5 20 FFK2 Ammonia (NH3) 0,5 3,5 25 40 NOTE
The minimum breakthrough time is intended only for laboratory tests under standardized conditions. It does not give an indication of the possible service time in practical use. Possible service times can differ from the breakthrough times determined according to this European Standard in both directions positive or negative depending on the conditions of use. a C2N2 may sometimes be present in the effluent air. The total concentration of (C2N2 + HCN) shall not exceed 10 ml/m3.
7.7.2.2
Where a device is a combination of types, it shall meet the requirements of each type separately. 7.7.2.3
Test requirements shall apply to the capacity of the complete device. 7.8 Finish of parts Parts of the device likely to come into contact with the wearer shall have no sharp edges or burrs. Testing shall be done in accordance with 8.2. 7.9 Inhalation and exhalation valves 7.9.1
Inhalation valve(s) and exhalation valve(s) shall function correctly in all orientations. Testing shall be done in accordance with 8.9. 7.9.2
Exhalation valve(s) shall be protected against or be resistant to dirt and mechanical damage. They may be shrouded or may include any other device that may be necessary to comply with 7.6. Testing shall be done in accordance with 8.2. 7.9.3
Exhalation valve(s) shall continue to operate correctly after a continuous exhalation flow of 300 l/min over a period of 30 s. Testing shall be done in accordance with 8.9. SIST EN 405:2002+A1:2009

The exhalation valve housing shall show no signs of damage or of being loosened. Testing shall be done in accordance with 8.10. 7.10 Breathing resistance 7.10.1 General The breathing resistances of the various classes of valved gas and combined filtering half masks shall meet the requirements of 7.10.2 and 7.10.3. 7.10.2 Inhalation resistance 7.10.2.1 Valved gas filtering half masks When tested in accordance with 8.9 the inhalation resistance shall meet the requirements given in Table 3. Table 3 — Inhalation resistance: valved gas filtering half masks Classification Maximum inhalation resistance mbar
30 l/min
95 l/min FFGas1 1,0 4,0 FFGas2 1,4 5,6 FFAX 1,4 5,6 FFSX 1,4 5,6 7.10.2.2 Valved combined filtering half masks When tested in accordance with 8.9, the inhalation resistance of all devices, whether with separable or integral particle filters, shall meet the requirements given in Table 4.
Classification Maximum inhalation resistance mbar
30 l/min
95 l/min FFGas1P1 1,6 6,1 FFGas1P2 1,7 6,4 FFGas1P3 2,0 7,0 FFGas2P1 2,0 7,7 FFGas2P2 2,1 8,0 FFGas2P3 2,4 8,6 FFAXP1 2,0 7,7 FFAXP2 2,1 8,0 FFAXP3 2,4 8,6 FFSXP1 2,0 7,7 FFSXP2 2,1 8,0 FFSXP3 2,4 8,6
7.10.3 Exhalation resistance When tested in accordance with 8.9, the exhalation resistance of the valved gas or combined filtering half mask shall not exceed 3 mbar. 7.11 Clogging 7.11.1 General This test is applicable to all valved combined filtering half masks. For !single shift use" devices only, the clogging test is optional. 7.11.2 Devices with separable particle filters Where the particle filters of devices with separable particle filters are claimed only to meet this standard, the filters shall meet the requirements of 7.11.3. Where the particle filters of devices with separable particle filters are additionally claimed to meet EN 143, the filters shall additionally meet the respective requirements of EN 143. Testing shall be done in accordance with 8.9 and EN 143. 7.11.3 Devices with integral or separable particle filters Where devices with integral or separable particle filters are claimed to meet clogging performance requirements they shall be subjected to the dolomite dust clogging procedure given in EN 143. The breathing resistance shall then be measured in accordance with 8.9 and the device shall meet the requirements given in Table 5 and 7.11.4. The filter penetration shall not exceed the values given in Table 1. !Valved combined filtering half masks claimed to meet the clogging requirement shall also meet the requirements given in Table 1, for the Penetration test according to EN 13274-7, after the clogging treatment." SIST EN 405:2002+A1:2009

FFGas1P1 8,0 FFGas1P2 9,0 FFGas1P3 9,8 FFGas2P1 9,6 FFGas2P2 10,6 FFGas2P3 11,4 FFAXP1 9,6 FFAXP2 10,6 FFAXP3 11,4 FFSXP1 9,6 FFSXP2 10,6 FFSXP3 11,4
Testing shall be done in accordance with 8.9 !,EN 143 and EN 13274-7". 7.11.4 Exhalation resistance When tested in accordance with 8.9 the exhalation resistance of a valved combined filtering half mask with either separable or integral particle filters shall not exceed 3,0 mbar. 7.12 Compatibility with skin Materials that may come into contact with the wearer's skin shall not be known to be likely to cause irritation or any other adverse effect to health. Testing shall be done in accordance with 8.2, 8.4 and 8.5. 7.13 Flammability The materials used shall not present a danger for the wearer and shall not be of highly flammable nature. When tested in accordance with 8.7 a valved filtering half mask shall either not burn or not continue to burn for more than 5 s after removal from the flame. It is not required that the valved filtering half mask still has to be useable after the test. Testing shall be done in accordance with 8.7. 7.14 Carbon dioxide content of the inhalation air When tested in accordance with 8.8 the carbon dioxide content of the inhalation air (dead space) shall not exceed an average of a volume fraction of 1,0 %. 7.15 Head harness 7.15.1
The head harness shall be designed so that the valved filtering half mask can be donned and removed easily. SIST EN 405:2002+A1:2009

The head harness shall be adjustable or self-adjusting and shall be sufficiently robust to hold the valved filtering half mask firmly in position and be capable of maintaining inward leakage requirements for the device. Testing shall be done in accordance with 8.4 and 8.5. 7.16 Field of vision The field of vision is acceptable if determined so in practical performance tests. Testing shall be done in accordance with 8.4. 7.17 Demountable parts All demountable parts (if fitted) shall be readily connected and secured, where possible by hand. Testing shall be done in accordance with 8.2 and 8.4. 8 Testing 8.1 General All samples shall fulfill all requirements. Before performing tests involving human subjects account should be taken of any national regulations concerning the medical history, examination or supervision of the test subjects. NOTE For summary of testing see Table 6. 8.2 Visual inspection The visual inspection shall be carried out where appropriate by the test station prior to laboratory or practical performance tests. 8.3 Conditioning 8.3.1 General Where conditioning is required before subsequent testing the procedures used shall be one or more of those described in 8.3.2, 8.3.3, 8.3.4 as specified in Table 6. Devices shall be removed from their packaging but still be sealed. 8.3.2 Donning and doffing The wearers shall fit the valved filtering half mask in accordance with the manufacturer's information and then remove it. 8.3.3 Temperature The valved filtering half masks as received shall be exposed to the following thermal cycle: a) for 24 h to a dry atmosphere at (70 ± 3) °C; b) for 24 h to a temperature of (–30 ± 3) °C SIST EN 405:2002+A1:2009
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