EN 71-2:2020
(Main)Safety of toys - Part 2: Flammability
Safety of toys - Part 2: Flammability
This European Standard specifies the categories of flammable materials which are prohibited in all toys, and requirements concerning flammability of certain toys when they are subjected to a small source of ignition.
The test methods described in Clause 5 are used for the purposes of determining the flammability of toys under the particular test conditions specified. The test results thus obtained cannot be considered as providing an overall indication of the potential fire hazard of toys or materials when subjected to other sources of ignition.
This European Standard includes general requirements relating to all toys and specific requirements and methods of test relating to the following toys, which are considered as being those presenting the greatest hazard:
— toys to be worn on the head: beards, moustaches, wigs, etc. made from hair, pile or material with similar features; masks; hoods, head-dresses, etc.; flowing elements of toys to be worn on the head, but excluding paper novelty hats of the type usually supplied in party crackers;
— toy disguise costumes and toys intended to be worn by a child in play;
— toys intended to be entered by a child;
— soft-filled toys.
NOTE Additional requirements for flammability of electric toys are specified in EN 62115.
Sicherheit von Spielzeug - Teil 2: Entflammbarkeit
Dieses Dokument legt die Kategorien entflammbarer Werkstoffe fest, deren Verwendung in allem Spielzeug verboten ist, und Anforderungen hinsichtlich der Entflammbarkeit bestimmten Spielzeugs, wenn es einer kleinen Zündquelle ausgesetzt wird.
Die in Abschnitt 5 beschriebenen Prüfverfahren werden zur Bestimmung der Entflammbarkeit von Spielzeug unter den festgelegten Prüfbedingungen angewendet. Die so erhaltenen Prüfergebnisse werden nicht dahingehend betrachtet, dass sie umfassende Angaben für die mögliche Brandgefährdung von Spielzeug oder Werkstoffen zur Verfügung stellen, wenn diese anderen Zündquellen ausgesetzt werden.
Dieses Dokument enthält allgemeine Anforderungen hinsichtlich allen Spielzeugs und besondere Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren für folgende Spielzeuge, die als am gefährlichsten angesehen werden:
— auf dem Kopf zu tragendes Spielzeug: Bärte, Schnurrbärte, Perücken usw. aus haarartigem Material oder fließenden Bestandteilen; Masken; Kopfhauben, Kopfschmuck usw.; Hüte aus Papier oder Karton ohne Verzierungen oder befestigte Elemente sind jedoch ausgenommen;
— Rollenspielzeug und Spielzeug, das dazu vorgesehen ist vom Kind als Bekleidung zum Spielen getragen zu werden;
— Spielzeug, das dazu vorgesehen ist vom Kind begangen zu werden, und das aus Textilien und/oder Polymerschichten und -filmen besteht;
— Spielzeug mit weicher Füllung.
ANMERKUNG Zusätzliche Anforderungen hinsichtlich der Entflammbarkeit von elektrischem Spielzeug sind in EN 62115 [2] festgelegt.
Sécurité des jouets - Partie 2: Inflammabilité
Le présent document spécifie les catégories de matériaux inflammables dont l’emploi est prohibé pour tous les jouets, ainsi que les exigences relatives à l’inflammabilité de certains jouets lorsqu’ils sont soumis à une petite source d’allumage.
Les méthodes d’essai décrites à l’Article 5 sont utilisées pour déterminer l’inflammabilité des jouets dans des conditions d’essai particulières spécifiées. Les résultats d’essai ainsi obtenus ne sont pas considérés comme une information générale sur le risque au feu des jouets ou des matériaux lorsqu’ils sont soumis à d’autres sources d’allumage.
Le présent document traite des exigences générales relatives à tous les jouets ainsi que des exigences et des méthodes d’essai particulières concernant les jouets suivants, qui sont considérés comme ceux présentant les dangers les plus importants :
⎯ les jouets conçus pour être portés sur la tête : barbes, moustaches, perruques, etc., constituées d’éléments pileux ou éléments flottants ; masques, capuches, coiffes, etc. ; à l’exclusion toutefois des chapeaux en papier et en carton sans décoration ou élément fixé ;
⎯ les costumes de déguisement et jouets destinés à être portés par l’enfant au cours du jeu ;
⎯ les jouets conçus pour qu’un enfant puisse y entrer, constitués de textiles et/ou de feuilles et films polymères ;
⎯ les jouets souples rembourrés.
NOTE Des exigences supplémentaires relatives à l’inflammabilité des jouets électriques sont spécifiées dans l’EN 62115[2].
Varnost igrač - 2. del: Vnetljivost
General Information
Relations
Frequently Asked Questions
EN 71-2:2020 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Safety of toys - Part 2: Flammability". This standard covers: This European Standard specifies the categories of flammable materials which are prohibited in all toys, and requirements concerning flammability of certain toys when they are subjected to a small source of ignition. The test methods described in Clause 5 are used for the purposes of determining the flammability of toys under the particular test conditions specified. The test results thus obtained cannot be considered as providing an overall indication of the potential fire hazard of toys or materials when subjected to other sources of ignition. This European Standard includes general requirements relating to all toys and specific requirements and methods of test relating to the following toys, which are considered as being those presenting the greatest hazard: — toys to be worn on the head: beards, moustaches, wigs, etc. made from hair, pile or material with similar features; masks; hoods, head-dresses, etc.; flowing elements of toys to be worn on the head, but excluding paper novelty hats of the type usually supplied in party crackers; — toy disguise costumes and toys intended to be worn by a child in play; — toys intended to be entered by a child; — soft-filled toys. NOTE Additional requirements for flammability of electric toys are specified in EN 62115.
This European Standard specifies the categories of flammable materials which are prohibited in all toys, and requirements concerning flammability of certain toys when they are subjected to a small source of ignition. The test methods described in Clause 5 are used for the purposes of determining the flammability of toys under the particular test conditions specified. The test results thus obtained cannot be considered as providing an overall indication of the potential fire hazard of toys or materials when subjected to other sources of ignition. This European Standard includes general requirements relating to all toys and specific requirements and methods of test relating to the following toys, which are considered as being those presenting the greatest hazard: — toys to be worn on the head: beards, moustaches, wigs, etc. made from hair, pile or material with similar features; masks; hoods, head-dresses, etc.; flowing elements of toys to be worn on the head, but excluding paper novelty hats of the type usually supplied in party crackers; — toy disguise costumes and toys intended to be worn by a child in play; — toys intended to be entered by a child; — soft-filled toys. NOTE Additional requirements for flammability of electric toys are specified in EN 62115.
EN 71-2:2020 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 13.220.40 - Ignitability and burning behaviour of materials and products; 97.200.50 - Toys. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN 71-2:2020 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN 71-2:2011+A1:2014, EN 71-2:2020+A1:2025, EN 71-2:2020/FprA1. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
EN 71-2:2020 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 2009/48/EC; Standardization Mandates: M/445. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
You can purchase EN 71-2:2020 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of CEN standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2021
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 71-2:2011+A1:2014
Varnost igrač - 2. del: Vnetljivost
Safety of toys - Part 2: Flammability
Sicherheit von Spielzeug - Teil 2: Entflammbarkeit
Sécurité des jouets - Partie 2: Inflammabilité
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 71-2:2020
ICS:
13.220.40 Sposobnost vžiga in Ignitability and burning
obnašanje materialov in behaviour of materials and
proizvodov pri gorenju products
97.200.50 Igrače Toys
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 71-2
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
December 2020
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.220.40; 97.200.50 Supersedes EN 71-2:2011+A1:2014
English Version
Safety of toys - Part 2: Flammability
Sécurité des jouets - Partie 2: Inflammabilité Sicherheit von Spielzeug - Teil 2: Entflammbarkeit
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 September 2020.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 71-2:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 6
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Requirements . 9
4.1 General requirements . 9
4.2 Toys to be worn on the head (see A. 3) . 9
4.2.1 General . 9
4.2.2 Beards, moustaches, wigs, etc., made from pile or flowing elements which protrude
50 mm or more from the surface of the toy . 10
4.2.3 Beards, moustaches, wigs, etc., made from pile or flowing elements which protrude
less than 50 mm from the surface of the toy . 10
4.2.4 Full or partial moulded head masks . 10
4.2.5 Toys to be worn on the head (except those covered by 4.2.2 and 4.2.3), hoods,
headdresses including upward protruding items and masks not covered by 4.2.4
which partially or fully cover the head (e.g. fabric and paperboard masks, eye masks,
face masks), but excluding those items covered by 4.3. 10
4.3 Toy disguise costumes and toys intended to be worn by a child in play (see A.4) . 10
4.4 Toys intended to be entered by a child (see A.5) . 11
4.5 Soft-filled toys (see A.6) . 11
5 Test methods . 11
5.1 General . 11
5.1.1 Test burner . 11
5.1.2 Conditioning and test chamber . 11
5.1.3 Test flame . 12
5.2 Test relating to beards, moustaches, wigs, etc., made from pile or flowing elements,
which protrude 50 mm or more from the surface of the toy . 12
5.2.1 Test flame . 12
5.2.2 Test burner position . 12
5.2.3 Test performance . 12
5.3 Test relating to beards, moustaches, wigs, etc., made from pile or flowing elements,
which protrude less than 50 mm from the surface of the toy, and full or partial
moulded head masks (see A.7) . 12
5.3.1 Test flame . 12
5.3.2 Test burner position . 12
5.3.3 Test performance . 12
5.4 Test relating to toys to be worn on the head (4.2.5), hoods, headdresses including
upward protruding items and masks not covered by 4.2.4 which partially or fully
cover the head (e.g. fabric and paperboard masks, eye masks, face masks), toy
disguise costumes and toys intended to be worn or toys intended to be entered by a
child (see A.8) . 12
5.4.1 Preparation of test specimen . 13
5.4.2 Holding and positioning the test specimen . 16
5.4.3 Test flame . 17
5.4.4 Test burner position . 17
5.4.5 Test performance . 18
5.4.6 Results . 18
5.5 Test for soft-filled toys and certain soft-filled parts of toy disguise costumes. 19
5.5.1 Test flame . 19
5.5.2 Test burner position . 19
5.5.3 Test performance . 19
Annex A (informative) Background and rationale for this document . 20
A.1 General . 20
A.2 General requirements (see 4.1) . 20
A.3 Toys to be worn on the head (see 4.2) . 20
A.4 Toy disguise costumes and toys intended to be worn by a child in play (see 4.3) . 26
A.5 Toys intended to be entered by a child (see 4.4) . 27
A.6 Soft-filled toys (see 4.5) . 27
A.7 Test relating to toy disguise costumes and toys intended to be entered by a child
(see 5.4) . 28
A.8 Suggestions to help reduce rate of spread of flames for toy disguise costumes. . 28
A.9 Flowcharts showing how to obtain test specimens from toy disguise costumes . 29
Annex B (informative) Significant technical changes between this European and the
previous version . 32
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2009/48/EC aimed to be covered. 34
Bibliography . 35
European foreword
This document (EN 71-2:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 52 “Safety of toys”,
the secretariat of which is held by DS.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2021, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by December 2021.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 71-2:2011+A1:2014.
Additional information on the background and rationale for various requirements are given in Annex A.
Annex B provides details of significant technical changes between this document and the previous
edition.
This document has been prepared under mandate M/445 given to CEN by the European Commission and
the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 2009/48/EC.
For relationship with EU Directive 2009/48/EC, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of
this document.
This document constitutes the second part of the EN 71 series of standards on safety of toys.
EN 71, Safety of toys, consists of the following parts:
— Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties
— Part 2: Flammability
— Part 3: Migration of certain elements
— Part 4: Experimental sets for chemistry and related activities
— Part 5: Chemical toys (sets) other than experimental sets
— Part 7: Finger paints — Requirements and test methods
— Part 8: Activity toys for domestic use
— Part 9: Organic chemical compounds — Requirements
— Part 10: Organic chemical compounds — Sample preparation and extraction
— Part 11: Organic chemical compounds — Methods of analysis
— Part 12: N-Nitrosamines and N-nitrosatable substances
— Part 13: Olfactory board games, cosmetic kits and gustative games
— Part 14: Trampolines for domestic use
NOTE 1 In addition to the above parts of EN 71, the following guidance documents have been published:
— CEN/TR 15071, Safety of toys — National translations of warnings and instructions for use in EN 71, and
— CEN/TR 15371 (all parts), Safety of toys — Interpretations
— CEN/TR 16918, Safety of toys - Children’s mouthing behaviour in contact with toys
— CEN ISO/TR 8124-8, Safety of toys – Age determination guidelines
NOTE 2 Words in italics are defined in Clause 3 (Terms and definitions).
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.
Introduction
This document aims at reducing, as far as possible, those hazards which are not evident to users; it does
not cover inherent hazards that are obvious to children or the persons in charge of them. Assuming that
the toys are used in the intended manner, they should not present any further hazard to children for
whom they are intended (according to the Directive 2009/48/EC “intended for use by” means that a
parent or supervisor shall reasonably be able to assume by virtue of the functions, dimensions and
characteristics of a toy that it is intended for use by children of the stated age group). Allowance should
also be made for foreseeable use, bearing in mind the behaviour of children who do not generally share
the same degree of care as the average adult user.
As a general rule, toys are designed and manufactured for particular ages of children. Their
characteristics are related to the age and stage of development of the children, and their use presupposes
certain aptitudes.
Accidents are frequently due to a toy either being given to a child for whom it is not intended or being
used for a purpose other than that for which it was designed. Great care should therefore be taken when
choosing a toy; account should be taken of the mental and physical development of the child who will be
using it.
The requirements of this document do not release parents or carers from their responsibility of
supervising the child while he or she is playing.
1 Scope
This document specifies the categories of flammable materials which are prohibited in all toys, and
requirements concerning flammability of certain toys when they are subjected to a small source of
ignition.
The test methods described in Clause 5 are used for the purposes of determining the flammability of toys
under the particular test conditions specified. The test results thus obtained are not considered as
providing an overall indication of the potential fire hazard of toys or materials when subjected to other
sources of ignition.
This document includes general requirements relating to all toys and specific requirements and methods
of test relating to the following toys, which are considered as being those presenting the greatest hazard:
— toys to be worn on the head: beards, moustaches, wigs, etc. made from pile or flowing elements;
masks; hoods, headdresses, etc.; However, paper and paperboard hats without embellishments or
attachments are excluded;
— toy disguise costumes and toys intended to be worn by a child in play;
— toys intended to be entered by a child and constructed from textiles and/or polymer sheets and films;
— soft-filled toys.
NOTE Additional requirements for flammability of electric toys are specified in EN 62115[2]
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN ISO 2431:2019, Paints and varnishes - Determination of flow time by use of flow cups (ISO 2431:2019)
EN ISO 6941:2003, Textile fabrics - Burning behaviour - Measurement of flame spread properties of
vertically oriented specimens (ISO 6941:2003)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply:
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia. available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
chemical toy
toy intended for the direct handling of chemical substances and mixtures and which is used in a manner
appropriate to a given age-group and under the supervision of an adult
[SOURCE EN 71-4:2013[3]]
3.2
cleansing
wipe with dry or damp cloth to remove surface soiling
3.3
extremely flammable liquid
liquid having a flash point < 23 °C and initial boiling point ≤35 °C
[SOURCE REGULATION (EC) No 1272/2008[4]]
3.4
flaming debris
material that becomes detached from the specimen during the test procedure and continues to flame as
it falls
3.5
flammability
ability of a material or a product to burn with a flame under specified test conditions
3.6
flammable gas
gas or gas mixture having a flammable range with air at 20 °C and a standard pressure of 101,3 kPa
[SOURCE REGULATION (EC) No 1272/2008[4]]
3.7
flammable liquid
liquid having a flash point ≥ 23 °C and ≤ 60 °C
[SOURCE REGULATION (EC) No 1272/2008[4]]
3.8
flowing elements
loosely hanging elements having the ability to flow like hair, to hang closely to the shape of the head and
continue to move on their own after the head is rotated then stopped
Note 1 to entry: Imitation hair, free hanging ribbons, paper or cloth strands are examples of flowing elements.
3.9
highly flammable liquid
liquid having a flash point < 23 °C and initial boiling point > 35 °C
[SOURCE REGULATION (EC) No 1272/2008[4]]
3.10
highly flammable solid
material with similar behaviour in fire as celluloid (cellulose nitrate), i.e. ignites instantaneously as a
result of a brief contact with a flame and proceeds to burn very rapidly
Note 1 to entry: Further information is provided in A.2.
3.11
molten drips
falling droplets of molten material
3.12
moulded head mask
mask that is moulded to the contours of the head or face
3.13
soft-filled toy
toy, with soft body surfaces and filled with soft material, readily allowing compression of the main part
of the toy with the hand
3.14
surface flash
rapid spread of flame over the surface of a material without ignition of its base structure at the same time
3.15
toy disguise costume
costume intended to be worn by children to facilitate imaginative play where the child pretends to be a
character
Note 1 to entry: Costumes and garments for children less than 12 months old are not regarded as toy disguise
costumes since such children are unable to engage in character role-play (see A.4).
Note 2 to entry: A toy disguise costume can be a single article or a clothing ensemble with multiple articles. A
wizard’s cloak or a princess’s dress are examples of single article toy disguise costumes. A superhero’s cape and
bodice and gloves are examples of a clothing ensemble with multiple articles.
3.16
toys intended to be entered by a child
toy constructed from fabric and/or polymer sheets and films that are intended to fully or almost fully
enclose a child on all sides
Note 1 to entry: Tents, puppet theatres, wigwams, tepees and play tunnels are examples of toys intended to be
entered by a child.
3.17
washing
process designed to clean textile articles in an aqueous bath
Note 1 to entry: Washing includes all or some of the following operations in relevant combinations:
— soaking, pre-washing and main washing - carried out usually with heating, mechanical action and in the
presence of detergents or other products - and rinsing;
— water extraction, i.e. spinning or wringing performed during and/or at the end of the operations mentioned
above.
These operations may be carried out by machine or by hand
[SOURCE EN ISO 3758 [5]]
4 Requirements
4.1 General requirements
The following materials shall not be present in toys:
— celluloid (cellulose nitrate), except when used in varnish, paint or glue, or in balls of the type used
for table tennis or similar games;
— highly flammable solids (see A.2);
— materials with a piled surface which produce surface flash when a flame is applied to the tested
material under the conditions described in 5.5. Piled surfaces showing no momentary area of flame
over the area of the piled surface remote from the test flame are considered to meet this requirement.
Specific materials to which the test flame is applied in order to check compliance of the toy with
requirements in 4.2 to 4.5 are considered to comply with the above requirements if the toy meets its
appropriate requirements in 4.2 to 4.5.
In addition, toys shall not contain flammable gases, extremely flammable liquids, highly flammable liquids,
flammable liquids and flammable gels except as provided for below:
— flammable liquids and flammable gels supplied in sealed containers having a maximum volume of
15 ml per container;
— highly flammable liquids and flammable liquids being entirely retained within a porous material in
capillary channels of writing instruments;
−6 2
— flammable liquids with a viscosity greater than 260 × 10 m /s corresponding to a flow time of more
than 38 s when determined in accordance with EN ISO 2431:2019 using cup No. 6;
— highly flammable liquids contained in chemical toys, and in olfactory board games, cosmetic kits and
gustative games, as defined in 2009/48/EC.
4.2 Toys to be worn on the head (see A. 3)
4.2.1 General
The requirements of 4.2 apply to:
— beards, moustaches, wigs, made from pile or flowing elements;
— masks;
— hats, hoods, headdresses, etc.,
but not to paper or paperboard hats unless they have embellishments or attachments that form flowing
elements.
When a product incorporates several features, for example a hat with an attached mask and hair, each
part shall be tested separately to the applicable clause relevant to that particular part of the toy.
Attachments which are used for the purpose of securing a mask, hat, etc., on the head (e.g. string, elastic,
plastic strap) shall not be tested (see A.3).
4.2.2 Beards, moustaches, wigs, etc., made from pile or flowing elements which protrude 50 mm
or more from the surface of the toy
When tested according to 5.2, the duration of flaming shall not be more than 2 s after the removal of the
test flame.
In addition, if ignition occurs, the maximum-burnt length of pile, or flowing elements shall not be:
a) more than 50 % of the greatest initial length, when the initial length was 150 mm or more, or;
b) more than 75 % of the greatest initial length, when the initial length was less than 150 mm.
When determining whether materials are required to be tested under 4.2.2, the distance by which the
material protrudes shall be measured without applying tension to the protruding part, e.g. curly hair is
not straightened. Plaits or braided hair shall be fully released and combed, where possible, before testing.
4.2.3 Beards, moustaches, wigs, etc., made from pile or flowing elements which protrude less
than 50 mm from the surface of the toy
Beards, moustaches, wigs, etc. made from pile or flowing elements which protrude 5 mm or less from the
surface of the toy are regarded as headdresses and are covered by 4.2.5.
When tested in accordance with 5.3 the duration of flaming shall not be more than 2 s after the removal
of the test flame, and the maximum distance between the upper edge of the burnt area and the point of
application of the test flame shall not be more than 70 mm.
4.2.4 Full or partial moulded head masks
When tested in accordance with 5.3, the duration of flaming shall not be more than 2 s after the removal
of the test flame. The maximum distance between the upper edge of the burnt area and the point of
application of the test flame shall not be more than 70 mm.
This requirement does not apply to moulded eye masks that neither cover the chin nor a cheek as they
are covered by 4.2.5.
4.2.5 Toys to be worn on the head (except those covered by 4.2.2 and 4.2.3), hoods, headdresses
including upward protruding items and masks not covered by 4.2.4 which partially or fully cover
the head (e.g. fabric and paperboard masks, eye masks, face masks), but excluding those items
covered by 4.3
When tested in accordance with 5.4, the rate of spread of flame of the test specimen shall not exceed
10 mm/s or the test specimen shall self-extinguish.
4.3 Toy disguise costumes and toys intended to be worn by a child in play (see A.4)
This requirement does not apply to separate toys to be worn on the head, which are supplied with a toy
disguise costume.
When tested in accordance with 5.5 parts of toy disguise costumes and toys intended to be worn by
children in play which contain loose stuffing which would fall out if tested in accordance with 5.4.1.2 shall
not exceed 30 mm/s rate of spread of flame or the test specimen shall self-extinguish.
This requirement does not apply to soft-filled parts which, when positioned in accordance with 5.5.3,
present a maximum unhindered vertical soft-filled height of 150 mm or less.
When tested in accordance with 5.4 all other toy disguise costumes and toys intended to be worn by a
child in play (and parts thereof), shall not exceed 30 mm/s rate of spread of flame or the test specimen
shall self-extinguish.
In all cases if the rate of spread of flame is between 10 mm/s and 30 mm/s, the appropriate component(s)
of the toy and the packaging shall be permanently marked with the following warning: “Warning. Keep
away from fire”.
4.4 Toys intended to be entered by a child (see A.5)
These include for example toy tents, puppet theatres, wigwams, tepees and play tunnels.
When tested in accordance with 5.4, the rate of spread of flame of the test specimen shall not exceed
30 mm/s or the test specimen shall self-extinguish.
If the test specimen has a rate of spread of flame greater than 20 mm/s when tested in accordance with
5.4, there shall be no flaming debris or molten drips.
If the material has non-identical surfaces, both sides shall be tested.
If the rate of spread of flame is between 10 mm/s and 30 mm/s, the appropriate components(s) of the
toy and the packaging shall be permanently marked with the following warning: “Warning. Keep away
from fire”.
4.5 Soft-filled toys (see A.6)
These requirements do not apply to:
— soft-filled toys or soft-filled parts of a toy that cannot be cuddled or hugged by a child during play;
— toys which, when positioned in accordance with 5.5.3, present a maximum unhindered vertical soft-
filled height of 150 mm or less.
When tested in accordance with 5.5, the rate of spread of flame on the surface shall not be more than
30 mm/s or the toy shall be self-extinguishing.
5 Test methods
5.1 General
5.1.1 Test burner
The test flame shall be obtained from a burner as described in EN ISO 6941:2003, Annex A and shall be
operated with butane or propane gas.
5.1.2 Conditioning and test chamber
Before each test, the toys or test specimens shall be conditioned for at least 7 h in an atmosphere having
a temperature of (20 ± 5) °C and a relative humidity of (65 ± 5) %.
Carry out the tests in a test chamber in which the movement of air is less than 0,2 m/s at the start of the
test and is not affected by operation of mechanical apparatus during the test. It is essential that the
volume of air in the test chamber is not affected by a reduction in the level of oxygen concentration. When
an open fronted chamber is used for the test, ensure that the test specimen is at least 300 mm from the
walls of the chamber. Maintain the chamber at 10 °C to 30 °C and at a relative humidity of 15 % to 80 %
prior to the test being carried out.
The toys or test specimens shall be tested within 5 min of removal from the conditioning atmosphere.
5.1.3 Test flame
Light the burner described in 5.1.1 and pre-heat for a minimum of 2 min.
The required height of the flame shall be measured from the end of the burner tube to the top of the flame
with the burner in the vertical position.
5.2 Test relating to beards, moustaches, wigs, etc., made from pile or flowing elements,
which protrude 50 mm or more from the surface of the toy
5.2.1 Test flame
Adjust the flame height to (20 ± 2) mm.
5.2.2 Test burner position
Position the burner at (90 ± 2) ° to the horizontal.
5.2.3 Test performance
Measure the length of the pile or flowing elements and position the toy so that the largest dimension of
the pile or flowing elements hangs vertically or as near vertically as possible.
Apply the test flame for (2 ± 0,5) s to the lower edge or ends of the specimen material so that the flame
penetrates the element by approximately 10 mm.
If ignition occurs, measure the duration of flaming and the maximum burnt length, i.e. the maximum
length of the pile or flowing elements that has been burnt.
5.3 Test relating to beards, moustaches, wigs, etc., made from pile or flowing elements,
which protrude less than 50 mm from the surface of the toy, and full or partial moulded
head masks (see A.7)
5.3.1 Test flame
Adjust the flame height to (20 ± 2) mm.
5.3.2 Test burner position
Position the burner at an angle of (45 ± 2) ° to the horizontal.
5.3.3 Test performance
Position the toy vertically.
Apply the test flame to the toy for (5 ± 0,5) s, so that the test flame makes contact between 20 mm and
30 mm above the lower edge of the toy and/or attachment and at a distance of (5 ± 2) mm measured
horizontally from the closest point of the burner tube, to the surface of the toy.
NOTE The lower edge of the toy is considered to be the bottom of the toy when placed on the head.
If ignition occurs, measure the duration of flaming and the maximum distance between the upper edge of
the burnt area and the point of application of the flame.
5.4 Test relating to toys to be worn on the head (4.2.5), hoods, headdresses including
upward protruding items and masks not covered by 4.2.4 which partially or fully cover
the head (e.g. fabric and paperboard masks, eye masks, face masks), toy disguise
costumes and toys intended to be worn or toys intended to be entered by a child (see
A.8)
5.4.1 Preparation of test specimen
5.4.1.1 General
Each test shall be carried out on material taken from a new toy, prepared as described below. It is
acceptable to wash test specimens prepared according to 5.4.1.2 rather than the whole toy.
Toy disguise costumes shall be subjected to testing before and after washing and shall be washed in
accordance with any care instructions from the manufacturer. If there are no care instructions or an
instruction not to wash or an instruction to cleanse the surface of the toy only, then the toy disguise
costume shall be treated in accordance with 5.4.1.1 c).
For other toys, if the advice given to the consumer (for example a care label on the toy or its packaging):
a) indicates that the toy is not intended to be washed or cleansed, it shall not be washed or cleansed
before testing;
b) recommends a method of washing or cleansing the toy shall be treated once in accordance with these
recommendations;
c) gives no information relating to washing or cleansing the toy, and if it is likely to be washed during
its life, the test specimens(s) shall be treated, before testing, in accordance with the following
instructions:
Immerse the test specimens(s) in water at (20 ± 3) °C and having a calcium hardness of 8 to 14dH
(80 mg/L CaO to 140 mg/L CaO) at a ratio of at least 1:20 mass of test specimen(s) to volume of
water, and allow it/them to stand for (10 ± 1) min. Drain and repeat twice. Rinse by immersing the
test specimen(s) in demineralized water for (2 ± 0,5) min. Drain and dry by a method appropriate to
the test specimen(s) and, where appropriate, restore the pile as near as possible to its original
condition.
5.4.1.2 Test specimens from toy disguise costumes (see A.9)
5.4.1.2.1 General
Take a test specimen or a combined test specimen from each different material and where possible,
ensure the lower edge of the test specimen includes the lower edge of the costume material.
NOTE Textile materials of the same fabric but a different colour are regarded as the same material.
Where there is sufficient material, cut the test specimen with the length corresponding to the vertical
direction when the toy is worn. In case of insufficient material, priority shall be given to making combined
test specimens taken in the vertical direction, rather than full-size or half-size test specimens taken in the
horizontal direction.
When preparing pieces for a combined test specimen, ensure the longer piece is taken in the vertical
direction if this is possible, and in any case, locate the longer piece in the lower half of the combined test
specimen. If a combined test specimen is formed from 2 pieces of similar size and cut in different
directions, the piece from the vertical direction shall be located in the lower half of the combined test
specimen.
When forming a combined test specimen, in order to ensure that there is no gap at the overlap, the 2
pieces shall be overlapped by (10± 2) mm and joined using vertically orientated metal staples of sufficient
gauge to maintain the integrity of the joint when handing the test specimen (e.g. 22/6) spaced at 5
equidistant points from the edge of the test specimen holder specified in 5.4.2.
Figure 1, shows the correct orientation of combined test specimen pieces
Key
1 Piece taken in vertical orientation from the toy
2 Overlap join using 5 vertical staples
3 Piece taken in horizontal orientation
Correct orientation
Incorrect orientation
Figure 1 — Orientation of combined test specimen pieces
Filling materials (e.g. fibre wadding, foam fillings) which do not drop out of the test specimen shall be
regarded as a single material for the purpose of test specimen preparation (i.e. fabric plus filling). Test
specimens that include filling materials shall be prepared in accordance with 5.4.1.2.6 or 5.4.1.2.7.
Seams, decorative trims, embellishments etc. with the exception of finished lowest edges of the costume
or the cuff edges of sleeves, shall not be included in test specimens that are prepared in accordance with
5.4.1.2.2 to 5.4.1.2.5.
Obtain test specimens in the following order:
a) where possible take a full-size test specimen (5.4.1.2.2) but if there is insufficient material, make up
a combined full-size test specimen (5.4.1.2.3). Where there is insufficient material to make up a
combined full-size test specimen take a half-size test specimen (5.4.1.2.4) and if that is not possible,
make up a combined half-size test specimen (5.4.1.2.5);
b) when all test specimens have been taken in accordance with 5.4.1.2.1 a), further test specimens are
taken in accordance with 5.4.1.2.6, provided there is sufficient material;
c) when all test specimens have been taken in accordance with 5.4.1.2.1 b), further test specimens are
taken in accordance with 5.4.1.2.7, provided there is sufficient material and the material was not
previously prepared according to 5.4.1.2.1 a) and b);
d) where there is insufficient material to make up a test specimen in accordance with 5.4.1.2.1 a) to c)
no test is performed.
5.4.1.2.2 Full-size test specimen
Take a single piece test specimen with dimensions of at least 610 mm × 100 mm.
5.4.1.2.3 Combined full-size test specimen
Where there is insufficient material to prepare a test specimen in accordance with 5.4.1.2.2, make up a
test specimen with dimensions of at least 610 mm × 100 mm from two separate pieces of the same
material. The 2 pieces shall be orientated and joined using metal staples as described in 5.4.1.2.1.
5.4.1.2.4 Half-size test specimen
Where there is insufficient material to prepare a test specimen in accordance with 5.4.1.2.3, take a test
specimen with dimensions of at least 310 mm × 100 mm.
5.4.1.2.5 Combined half-size test specimen
Where there is insufficient material to prepare a test specimen in accordance with 5.4.1.2.4 make up a
test specimen with dimensions of at least 310 mm × 100 mm from two pieces of the same material, of
dimensions at least 160 mm x 100 mm. The 2 pieces shall be orientated and joined using metal staples as
described in 5.4.1.2.1.
5.4.1.2.6 Test specimens that include fillings or features such as seams, trims and
embellishments
Prepare full-size test specimens of materials that contain fillings or features (e.g. prints, appliques, trims,
embellishments, patchwork material, vertically orientated seams) from a single piece of material with
dimensions of at least 610 mm x 100 mm.
Where there is insufficient material to prepare a full-size test specimen prepare a half-size test specimen
with dimensions of at least 310 mm × 100 mm.
The test specimens are only taken in the vertical direction when the toy is in use. The lower edge of the
test specimen (to which the test flame will be applied) shall be representative of the lowest edge of the
costume or the cuff edge of a sleeve. If the lowest edge or sleeve cuff is not an even length (e.g. zig-zagged)
then trim the bottom edge to produce a straight edge to aid measurement and testing.
If the specimen includes a vertically orientated seam, take the test specimen so that the seam will be
located approximately in the centre of the test specimen holder specified in 5.4.2.
If the toy disguise costume has to be cut to form the test specimen the filling or feature should be placed
approximately in the centre of the test specimen.
NOTE This can mean that the trimmed bottom edge of the test specimen is not necessarily the lowest point on
the bottom edge of the toy disguise costume.
5.4.1.2.7 Test specimens of narrow materials
For materials that cannot be prepared in accordance with 5.4.1.2.2 to 5.4.1.2.6 cut a single test specimen
at least 310 mm × 40 mm, provided there is sufficient material. Seams, trims, embellishments etc., shall
not be included in the test specimen but fillings are permitted.
Cut the test specimen with the greater dimension corresponding to the vertical direction when the toy is
worn.
5.4.1.3 Test specimens from toys worn on the head with flowing elements (4.2.5), hoods,
headdresses including upward protruding items and masks not covered by 4.2.4 which partially
or fully cover the head (e.g. fabric and paperboard masks, eye masks, face masks), and toys
intended to be worn (4.3) or toys intended to be entered by a child (4.4)
Cut test specimens with dimensions of at least 610 mm × 100 mm from each material available on the
toy. Each test specimen shall be made of one material. Where there is enough material, cut the test
specimen with the length corresponding to the vertical direction of the toy when in use. Where possible,
the test specimen should not include seamed edges. As seams can modify the rate of spread of flame, they
shall be placed in the upper part of the specimen holder specified in 5.4.2.
Where there is insufficient material to prepare a full-size test specimen as described above, it is
permissible to use a test specimen made up of two separate pieces of the same material measuring at
least 310 mm × 100 mm each which, when fitted together with an overlap of 10 mm, will constitute a test
specimen of at least 610 mm × 100 mm. The 2 pieces shall be joined using metal staples as described in
5.4.1.2.1.
In the case of toys to be entered by a child (4.4), if the material has non-identical surfaces, both sides shall
be tested.
5.4.2 Holding and positioning the test specimen
Mount the test specimen on the test specimen holder as shown in Figure 2.
For narrow materials prepared in accordance with 5.4.1.2.7 the test specimen shall be supported in the
holder by a stainless-steel wire mesh of (18 × 18 +4/-0 mm) grid size with a wire diameter of
(1 ± 0,4 mm). See Figure 2b)
The specimens shall be secured under slight tension to avoid creases, waving, or curling by suitable
means that do not affect ignition or flame spread.
For toys corresponding to 4.2.5 and 4.3, the outside surface of the material, when in use, shall be
positioned with their outer surface uppermost.
Attach 100 % cotton marker threads as per Figure 2a across the specimen at no more than 2 mm from
the surface of the test specimen, with a device to indicate when the marker thread is severed. In the case
of full-size test specimens use marker thread A and C. For half-size test specimens use marker thread B
and C.
Position the specimen holder at 45 (±1) ° to the horizontal.
Dimensions in millimetres
b)Test specimen holder with wire
a) Test specimen holder
mesh support
Key
A, B and C Location of 100 % cotton marker threads
D Wire mesh support
Figure 2 — Test specimen holders
5.4.3 Test flame
Adjust the flame height to (40
...
The EN 71-2:2020 standard, titled "Safety of toys - Part 2: Flammability," plays a crucial role in ensuring the safety of children's toys in relation to flammability. Its primary scope is to delineate the categories of flammable materials that are strictly prohibited in toys, along with establishing requirements for the flammability of specific toys when exposed to a small ignition source. This focus on flammability is essential for safeguarding children's safety, particularly in cases where toys may encounter accidental fires. One significant strength of the EN 71-2:2020 standard lies in its comprehensive categorization of toys that are deemed to present the greatest flammability hazards. By focusing on items that children commonly wear, such as beards, wigs, and masks, as well as toy disguise costumes and soft-filled toys, the standard addresses potential risks directly connected to how children interact with their toys. This approach ensures that the most critical areas of concern regarding flammability are thoroughly assessed. Furthermore, the inclusion of specific test methods in Clause 5 reinforces the standard's robustness. These methods are designed to simulate particular test conditions to evaluate the flammability of toys effectively. However, it is crucial to note that while these results are valuable, they do not provide a comprehensive assessment of potential fire hazards from various ignition sources, which is an important consideration for manufacturers and safety assessors alike. Additionally, the note regarding the requirements for flammability of electric toys specified in EN 62115 highlights the standard’s commitment to a holistic view of toy safety. By ensuring that electric toys are also held to rigorous flammability standards, EN 71-2:2020 reflects an understanding of the evolving nature of toys and the diverse materials used in their construction. Overall, the EN 71-2:2020 standard stands out for its focused approach on the flammability of toys, providing clear guidelines and testing methods that are vital for maintaining safety in the play environment. Its relevance in contemporary toy manufacturing cannot be overstated, as it offers manufacturers a transparent framework to comply with safety expectations and protect children's well-being against the risks of fire hazards.
EN 71-2:2020 規格は、玩具の安全性に関する重要な標準であり、特に可燃性材料に関する要件と試験方法を明確に定義しています。この文書は、玩具としての全体的な安全基準を確立しており、特に頭部に装着する玩具や、子供が着用するコスチュームなど、より高い危険性を持つとみなされる玩具について、具体的な要件を示しています。 この規格の強みは、特定の可燃性材料を禁止することにより、玩具による火災の危険性を大幅に低減する点です。特に、頭に装着する玩具や子供が使用する柔らかいぬいぐるみなど、火災のリスクが高い遊具に焦点を当てており、子供たちの安全を守るための強力なガイドラインを提供しています。 また、試験方法も詳細に説明されており、特定の点火源に対して玩具の可燃性を評価するための基準を設けています。このアプローチにより、玩具の火災リスクを包括的に評価し、消費者がより安全な製品を選択できるようにしています。ただし、この結果は他の点火源に対するリスクを示すものではないため、注意が必要です。 さらに、この標準は、電動おもちゃに関して追加の要件をも含んでおり（EN 62115参照）、玩具の多様なカテゴリに適用可能な包括的なフレームワークを提供しています。このように、EN 71-2:2020 規格は、玩具業界における可燃性に関する強力な指針を提供し、子供たちの安全を最優先に考えた非常に重要な文書です。
SIST EN 71-2:2021 표준은 장난감의 안전성을 다루는 중요한 기준으로서, 특히 인화성에 관한 요구사항을 명시하고 있습니다. 이 표준의 적용 범위는 모든 장난감에 적용될 수 있는 일반적인 요구사항과 더불어, 가장 큰 위험을 초래할 수 있는 특정 장난감에 대한 세부 요구사항 및 시험 방법을 포함하고 있습니다. 특히, 이 표준에서는 머리에 착용하는 장난감, 어린이가 착용하는 변장 의상, 어린이가 들어갈 수 있는 장난감, 그리고 부드러운 충전 장난감 등이 주의 깊게 다뤄집니다. 이러한 카테고리는 인화성 위험이 가장 크다고 여겨지며, 따라서 이들에 대한 규정이 추가적으로 제시됩니다. 장난감의 연소성 테스트는 Clause 5에 명시된 특정 시험 조건 하에서 수행되며, 이 결과는 다른 점화원에 노출되었을 때 장난감이나 재료의 전반적인 화재 위험을 나타내지 못함을 주의해야 합니다. EN 71-2:2020 표준은 어린이 제품의 안전성을 보장하기 위해 필수적인 규정을 제공하며, 이는 소비자와 제조업체 모두에게 중요한 지침이 됩니다. 인화성에 대한 이러한 엄격한 기준은 어린이의 안전을 보장하고 어린이가 사용하는 장난감에 대한 신뢰를 높이는 데 기여합니다. 따라서 이 표준은 장난감 안전 관리의 중요한 요소로 자리 잡고 있으며, 관련 업계에서는 그 필요성과 유효성을 지속적으로 인식하고 있습니다.
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