EN 15967:2022
(Main)Determination of maximum explosion pressure and the maximum rate of pressure rise of gases and vapours
Determination of maximum explosion pressure and the maximum rate of pressure rise of gases and vapours
This document specifies a test method that is designed to measure the explosion pressure and the maximum explosion pressure, the rate of explosion pressure rise and the maximum rate of explosion pressure rise of a quiescent flammable gas/air/inert mixture in closed volume at ambient temperature and pressure. In this document, the term “gas” includes vapours but not mists. Detonation and decomposition phenomena are not considered in this document.
The pressures and rates of pressure rise measured by the procedures specified in this document are not applicable to flameproof enclosures, i.e. enclosures intended to withstand an internal explosion and not to transmit it to an external explosive atmosphere, or any other closed volume where the internal geometry can result in pressure piling. Even in an enclosure of relatively simple geometry the disposition of the internal components can lead to rates of pressure rise significantly higher than those measured using this document. This document does not apply to the design and testing of flameproof enclosures in conformity with EN ISO 80079-37 (for non-electrical equipment) and EN 60079-1 (for electrical equipment).
Verfahren zur Bestimmung des maximalen Explosionsdruckes und des maximalen zeitlichen Druckanstieges für Gase und Dämpfe
Dieses Dokument legt ein Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung des Explosionsdruckes und des maximalen Explosions¬druckes sowie des zeitlichen Explosionsdruckanstieges und des maximalen zeitlichen Explosionsdruck¬anstieges eines ruhenden Gemischs aus brennbarem Gas, Luft und Inertgas bei Umgebungstemperatur in geschlossenen Behältern fest. In diesem Dokument schließt der Begriff „Gas“ auch Dämpfe, jedoch keine Nebel, ein. Detonations- und Zersetzungsphänomene werden in diesem Dokument nicht betrachtet.
Die nach den in diesem Dokument festgelegten Verfahren gemessenen Drücke und zeitlichen Druckanstiege sind für die Auslegung von druckfesten Kapselungen, das sind Umschließungen, die konstruktiv so ausgelegt sind, dass sie einer im Innern stattfindenden Explosion standhalten und diese nicht in eine äußere explosionsfähige Atmosphäre übertragen, oder anderen geschlossenen Behältern, deren innere Geometrie zu einer Drucküberhöhung führen kann, nicht anwendbar. Selbst in einer Umschließung von relativ einfacher Geometrie können Einbauten zu wesentlich höheren zeitlichen Druckanstiegen als den nach diesem Dokument gemessenen führen. Dieses Dokument ist nicht anzuwenden für die Konstruktion und Prüfung von druckfesten Kapselungen nach den Anforderungen von EN ISO 80079-37 (für nicht elektrische Betriebsmittel) und EN 60079-1 (für elektrische Betriebsmittel).
Détermination de la pression maximale d'explosion et de la vitesse maximale de montée en pression des gaz et des vapeurs
Le présent document spécifie une méthode d’essai conçue pour mesurer la pression d’explosion et la pression maximale d’explosion, ainsi que la vitesse de montée en pression et la vitesse maximale de montée en pression d’un mélange gaz inflammable/air/gaz inerte, dans un volume clos, à température et pression ambiantes. Dans le présent document, le terme « gaz » inclut les vapeurs, mais n’inclut pas les brouillards. Les phénomènes de détonation et de décomposition explosive ne sont pas pris en compte dans le présent document.
Les pressions et les vitesses de montée en pression mesurées selon les modes opératoires spécifiés dans le présent document ne sont pas applicables aux enveloppes antidéflagrantes, c’est-à-dire aux enveloppes destinées à résister à une explosion interne et à ne pas la transmettre à l’atmosphère explosive externe ou à tout autre volume fermé où la géométrie interne peut entraîner une accumulation de pression. Même dans une enveloppe dont la géométrie est relativement simple, la disposition des éléments internes peut conduire à des vitesses de montée en pression nettement supérieures à celles mesurées selon le présent document. Le présent document ne s’applique pas à la conception et aux essais des enveloppes antidéflagrantes conformes à l’EN ISO 80079-37 (pour le matériel non électrique) et à l’EN 60079-1 (pour le matériel électrique).
Ugotavljanje največjega tlaka eksplozije in največje hitrosti naraščanja tlaka plinov in hlapov
Preskusna metoda v tem evropskem standardu je zasnovana za merjenje tlaka eksplozije, največjega tlaka eksplozije, hitrosti naraščanja tlaka eksplozije in največje hitrosti naraščanja tlaka eksplozije neaktivne vnetljive mešanice plinov/zraka/inertnih plinov v zaprti prostornini pri temperaturi in zračnem tlaku okolice. Izraz »plin« v tem evropskem standardu vključuje hlape, ne pa tudi meglic. Pojavi detonacije in razkroja niso zajeti v tem evropskem standardu.
Tlaki in hitrosti naraščanja tlaka, izmerjeni s postopki iz tega evropskega standarda, se ne uporabljajo za ognjevarna ohišja, tj. ohišja, ki naj bi bila odporna na notranjo eksplozijo in naj je ne bi prenesla v zunanjo eksplozivno atmosfero ali katero koli drugo zaprto prostornino, kjer lahko notranja geometrija povzroči kopičenje tlaka. Tudi v ohišju s sorazmerno preprosto geometrijo so zaradi razporeditve notranjih sestavnih delov hitrosti naraščanja tlaka lahko znatno večje od hitrosti, izmerjenih z uporabo tega evropskega standarda. Ta evropski standard se ne uporablja za načrtovanje in preskušanje ognjevarnih ohišij v skladu s standardoma EN 13463-6 (za neelektrično opremo) in EN 60079-1 (za električno opremo).
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 15967:2011
Ugotavljanje največjega tlaka eksplozije in največje hitrosti naraščanja tlaka plinov
in hlapov
Determination of maximum explosion pressure and the maximum rate of pressure rise of
gases and vapours
Verfahren zur Bestimmung des maximalen Explosionsdruckes und des maximalen
zeitlichen Druckanstieges für Gase und Dämpfe
Détermination de la pression maximale d'explosion et de la vitesse maximale de montée
en pression des gaz et des vapeurs
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 15967:2022
ICS:
13.230 Varstvo pred eksplozijo Explosion protection
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 15967
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
January 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.230; B Supersedes EN 15967:2011
English Version
Determination of maximum explosion pressure and the
maximum rate of pressure rise of gases and vapours
Détermination de la pression maximale d'explosion et Verfahren zur Bestimmung des maximalen
de la vitesse maximale de montée en pression des gaz Explosionsdruckes und des maximalen zeitlichen
et des vapeurs Druckanstieges für Gase und Dämpfe
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 December 2021.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 15967:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Test method . 7
4.1 Principle . 7
4.2 Apparatus . 7
4.2.1 General. 7
4.2.2 Test Vessel . 8
4.2.3 Equipment for preparing the test mixture . 8
4.2.4 Ignition system . 8
4.2.5 Pressure measuring system . 9
4.2.6 Initial temperature measuring device . 10
4.2.7 Safety aspects . 10
4.3 Preparation and preservation of test samples . 11
4.4 Procedure . 12
4.4.1 Preparation of the test mixture . 12
4.4.2 Determination of the explosion pressure p , the maximum explosion pressure p ,
ex max
the rate of explosion pressure rise (dp/dt) and the maximum rate of explosion
ex
pressure rise (dp/dt) . 12
max
4.5 Expression of results . 15
4.5.1 Common aspects . 15
4.5.2 Explosion pressure and maximum explosion pressure . 15
4.5.3 Rate of pressure rise and maximum rate of pressure rise . 16
4.6 Test report . 17
Annex A (normative) Verification of maximum explosion pressure values . 19
Annex B (normative) Verification of maximum rate of pressure rise . 20
Annex C (normative) Smoothing of pressure-time curves . 23
Annex D (informative) Conversion of the values for the flammable substance content. 27
D.1 Abbreviations and symbols . 27
D.2 Substance characteristics of air . 27
D.3 Definitions . 28
D.4 Preparation of the test mixture . 28
Annex E (informative) Example of an evaporator equipment for liquid flammable substances
................................................................................................................................................................... 31
Annex F (informative) Example for test report form . 33
Annex G (informative) Significant technical changes between this European Standard and
the previous editions . 36
Annex H (informative) Approximate dependence of the explosion pressure ratio on
temperature . 37
H.1 Definition of parameters . 37
H.2 Deriving an equation for approximating the temperature dependence of the
explosion pressure ratio . 37
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2014/34/EU aimed to be covered . 39
Annex ZB (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered . 40
Bibliography . 41
European foreword
This document (EN 15967:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 305 “Potentially
explosive atmospheres - Explosion prevention and protection”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2022, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by July 2022.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 15967:2011.
Significant technical differences between the editions can be found in Annex G.
This document has been prepared under a Standardization Request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU
Directive(s) / Regulation(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s) / Regulation(s), see informative Annex ZA and ZB, which are
integral parts of this document.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.
Introduction
This document describes test methods for the determination of:
— the explosion pressure and the maximum explosion pressure;
— the rate of explosion pressure rise and the maximum rate of explosion pressure rise of a quiescent
flammable gas/air/inert mixture at ambient temperature and pressure.
Maximum explosion pressure and maximum rate of explosion pressure rise are used for designing
explosion protection measures, such as explosion pressure resistant or explosion pressure shock
resistant apparatus, explosion venting and explosion suppression. These characteristics are particularly
influenced by:
— the size and shape of the vessel;
— the type and energy of the ignition source;
— the temperature and pressure;
— the level of turbulence.
It is therefore necessary to standardize the conditions at which the maximum explosion pressure and the
maximum rate of explosion pressure rise are determined.
1 Scope
This document specifies a test method that is designed to measure the explosion pressure and the
maximum explosion pressure, the rate of explosion pressure rise and the maximum rate of explosion
pressure rise of a quiescent flammable gas/air/inert mixture in closed volume at ambient temperature
and pressure. In this document, the term “gas” includes vapours but not mists. Detonation and
decomposition phenomena are not considered in this document.
The pressures and rates of pressure rise measured by the procedures specified in this document are not
applicable to flameproof enclosures, i.e. enclosures intended to withstand an internal explosion and not
to transmit it to an external explosive atmosphere, or any other closed volume where the internal
geometry can result in pressure piling. Even in an enclosure of relatively simple geometry the disposition
of the internal components can lead to rates of pressure rise significantly higher than those measured
using this document. This document does not apply to the design and testing of flameproof enclosures in
conformity with EN ISO 80079-37 (for non-electrical equipment) and EN 60079-1 (for electrical
equipment).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 13237:2012, Potentially explosive atmospheres - Terms and definitions for equipment and protective
systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 13237:2012 and the following
apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
• IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
explosion pressure
p
ex
highest pressure occurring in a closed vessel during the explosion of a specific mixture of flammable
...
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