EN 16263-4:2015
(Main)Pyrotechnic articles - Other pyrotechnic articles - Part 4: Test methods
Pyrotechnic articles - Other pyrotechnic articles - Part 4: Test methods
This European Standard specifies test methods for other pyrotechnic articles (except pyrotechnic articles for vehicles, cartridges for powder actuated tools and ignition devices).
Pyrotechnische Gegenstände - Sonstige pyrotechnische Gegenstände - Teil 4: Prüfverfahren
Dieser Teil von EN 16263 legt Prüfverfahren für sonstige pyrotechnische Gegenstände (mit Ausnahme von pyrotechnischen Gegenständen für Fahrzeuge, Kartuschen für Bolzensetzwerkzeuge und Anzündmitteln) fest.
Articles pyrotechniques - Autres articles pyrotechniques - Partie 4 : Méthodes d'essai
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les méthodes d'essai applicables aux « autres articles pyrotechniques » (à l'exception des articles pyrotechniques destinés aux véhicules, des cartouches pour outils actionnés par poudre et des dispositifs de mise à feu).
Pirotehnični izdelki - Drugi pirotehnični izdelki - 4. del: Preskusne metode
Ta evropski standard določa preskusne metode za druge pirotehnične izdelke (razen za pirotehnične izdelke za vozila in vžigalne naprave).
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-oktober-2015
3LURWHKQLþQLL]GHONL'UXJLSLURWHKQLþQLL]GHONLGHO 3UHVNXVQHPHWRGH
Pyrotechnic articles - Other pyrotechnic articles - Part 4: Test methods
Pyrotechnische Gegenstände - Sonstige pyrotechnische Gegenstände - Teil 4:
Prüfverfahren
Articles pyrotechniques - Autres articles pyrotechniques - Partie 4 : Méthodes d'essai
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 16263-4:2015
ICS:
71.100.30 Eksplozivi. Pirotehnika Explosives. Pyrotechnics
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 16263-4
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
August 2015
ICS 71.100.30
English Version
Pyrotechnic articles - Other pyrotechnic articles - Part 4: Test
methods
Articles pyrotechniques - Autres articles pyrotechniques - Pyrotechnische Gegenstände - Sonstige pyrotechnische
Partie 4 : Méthodes d'essai Gegenstände - Teil 4: Prüfverfahren
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 May 2015.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 16263-4:2015 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword .4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions .5
4 Apparatus .5
4.1 General .5
4.2 Test area .5
4.2.1 General .5
4.2.2 Indoor .6
4.2.3 Outdoor .6
4.3 Timing device .6
4.4 Calliper .6
4.5 Ruler .6
4.6 Measuring tape .6
4.7 Wind speed meter .6
4.8 Balance .6
4.9 Temperature chamber .6
4.10 Sound level meter .7
4.11 Shock apparatus .7
4.12 Drop-test apparatus .7
4.13 Goniometer .7
4.14 Devices for measuring of effect height .7
4.15 Devices for measuring thrust .7
4.16 Abrasive sheet .8
4.17 Witness screen .8
4.18 Transparent type size sheet .9
4.19 High speed video equipment .9
4.20 Further test apparatus .9
5 Test methods . 10
5.1 General . 10
5.2 Construction . 10
5.2.1 Outer dimension of item . 10
5.2.2 Determination of calibre . 10
5.2.3 Determination of gross mass . 10
5.3 Design verification . 10
5.3.1 General . 10
5.3.2 Conformity to drawings and part lists . 10
5.3.3 Pyrotechnic composition — Determination of net explosive content . 10
5.4 Angle of ascent and height of effects . 11
5.4.1 General . 11
5.4.2 Apparatus . 11
5.4.3 Procedure . 11
5.5 Measurement of sound pressure level . 12
5.5.1 Apparatus . 12
5.5.2 Procedure . 12
5.6 Timing measurement . 12
5.6.1 Apparatus . 12
5.6.2 Procedure . 12
5.7 Mechanical conditioning . 12
5.7.1 Apparatus . 12
5.7.2 Procedure . 12
5.8 Mechanical impact test (Drop test) . 13
5.8.1 Apparatus . 13
5.8.2 General . 13
5.8.3 Procedure . 13
5.9 Thermal conditioning . 13
5.9.1 Apparatus . 13
5.9.2 Procedure . 13
5.10 Function test . 14
5.10.1 General . 14
5.10.2 Apparatus . 14
5.10.3 Procedure . 15
5.11 Measurement of thrust . 16
5.11.1 Apparatus . 16
5.11.2 Procedure . 16
5.12 Resistance to ignition by an abrasive surface . 16
5.12.1 Apparatus . 16
5.12.2 Procedure . 16
5.13 Further tests . 16
5.13.1 Sensitiveness of pyrotechnic composition . 16
5.13.2 External temperature of hand-held pyrotechnic articles . 19
5.14 Measuring of labelling . 19
5.14.1 Apparatus . 19
5.14.2 Procedure . 19
5.15 Measuring of the energy of fragments . 20
5.15.1 Apparatus . 20
5.15.2 Procedure . 20
5.16 Water immersion test . 21
5.16.1 Apparatus . 21
5.16.2 Procedure . 21
Annex A (informative) Mechanical conditioning (Shock apparatus) . 22
Annex B (informative) Drop test (Mechanical impact test) . 25
Annex C (informative) Procedures for calculation of heights . 26
Annex D (informative) Determination of the duration of accelerated ageing test to demonstrate
the correct functioning at the 'use by' date . 30
Annex E (informative) Overview of essential safety requirements and corresponding clauses of
all parts of EN 16263 . 33
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2007/23/EC on the placing on the market of pyrotechnic
articles . 34
Annex ZB (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2013/29/EU on the placing on the market of pyrotechnic
articles . 35
Bibliography . 36
European foreword
This document (EN 16263-4:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 212 “Pyrotechnic
articles”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn
at the latest by February 2016.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA or Annex ZB, which are an integral part of this
document.
This European standard is one of the series of standards as listed below:
— EN 16263-1, Pyrotechnic articles — Other pyrotechnic articles — Part 1: Terminology;
— EN 16263-2, Pyrotechnic articles — Other pyrotechnic articles — Part 2: Requirements;
— EN 16263-3, Pyrotechnic articles — Other pyrotechnic articles — Part 3: Categories and types;
— EN 16263-4, Pyrotechnic articles — Other pyrotechnic articles — Part 4: Test methods;
— EN 16263-5, Pyrotechnic articles — Other pyrotechnic articles — Part 5: Minimum labelling requirements
and instructions for use.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies test methods for other pyrotechnic articles (except pyrotechnic articles for
vehicles, cartridges for powder actuated tools and ignition devices).
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are referenced in this document and are indispensable for its
application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of
the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 16263-1:2015, Pyrotechnic articles — Other pyrotechnic articles — Part 1: Terminology
EN 16263-2:2015, Pyrotechnic articles — Other pyrotechnic articles — Part 2: Requirements
EN 16263-3:2015, Pyrotechnic articles — Other pyrotechnic articles — Part 3: Categories and types
EN 16263-5:2015, Pyrotechnic articles — Other pyrotechnic articles — Part 5: Minimum labelling
requirements and instructions for use
EN 61672-1, Electroacoustics — Sound level meters — Part 1: Specifications (IEC 61672-1)
EN ISO 13385-1, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Dimensional measuring equipment — Part 1:
Callipers; Design and metrological characteristics (ISO 13385-1)
EN ISO 13385-2, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Dimensional measuring equipment — Part 2:
Calliper depth gauges; Design and metrological characteristics (ISO 13385-2)
ISO 6344-3, Coated abrasives — Grain size analysis — Part 3: Determination of grain size distribution of
microgrits P240 to P2500
ISO 21948, Coated abrasives — Plain sheets
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 16263-1:2015 apply.
NOTE Wherever reference is made to a pyrotechnic article only other pyrotechnic articles (not including those for
vehicles, cartridges for powder actuated tools and ignition devices) are meant, as it is the scope of this standard.
4 Apparatus
4.1 General
Any equivalent apparatus with the same accuracy or better may be used.
4.2 Test area
4.2.1 General
The test area shall be unobstructed, non-flammable and suitable for the accurate measurement of the
required parameters.
The test sample should be placed in the centre of the test area, as shown in the labelled instruction. The
manufacturers supplied or recommended equipment shall be used.
4.2.2 Indoor
The test area shall be indoors.
The test area shall be in an enclosed space, which is capable of limiting the movement of air. A means of
extracting fumes shall be provided where necessary.
4.2.3 Outdoor
The test area shall be an outdoor site. If applicable, provisions shall be made at the centre of the test area for
partially burying into the ground.
If applicable, insert support pole in the centre of the test area.
Before starting the function test start the measurement of the wind speed with a wind speed meter (4.7) and
continue measuring during the whole function test.
A means of measuring the wind speed at a height of 1,5 m above the ground shall be provided. If applicable,
no performance testing shall be carried out if the wind speed exceeds 5,0 m/s.
4.3 Timing device
Timing device, capable of being read to the nearest 0,1 s.
4.4 Calliper
Calliper, flat faced vernier calliper reading to 0,1 mm (conforming to EN ISO 13385-1 and EN ISO 13385-2).
4.5 Ruler
Ruler, reading to 1,0 mm.
4.6 Measuring tape
Measuring tape, reading to 10 mm.
4.7 Wind speed meter
Wind speed meter capable of measuring to an accuracy of at least 0,5 m/s.
4.8 Balance
4.8.1 Balance, read to 0,1 g.
4.8.2 Balance, read to 0,01 g.
4.9 Temperature chamber
The temperature chamber(s) shall comply with the following specifications:
— up to 75 °C or 1,25 times the maximum use temperature of the test samples in degrees Celsius (if higher
than 60 °C);
— when required, down to 10 °C lower than the minimum use temperature of the test samples;
— when required, capability of developing the highest level of humidity specified by the manufacturer.
The tolerance on each of the above temperature requirements is ± 2,5 °C. The required test conditions may
be delivered by means of a single temperature chamber or by means of two or more chambers, each capable
of delivering one or more of the specified sets of conditions.
4.10 Sound level meter
Sound level meter of class 1 of EN 61672-1 with free-field microphone.
4.11 Shock apparatus
2 2
The apparatus shall provide a deceleration of 490 m/s (−50/+100) m/s (when measured at the centre of an
unloaded platform) and the mechanical conditioning impulse duration (time elapsed from the starting of the
machine's deceleration to the time in which the deceleration reaches its maximum value during each first
shock pulse) shall be 2 ms ± 1 ms working at a frequency of 1 Hz ± 0,1 Hz.
An example of an apparatus is shown in Annex A.
4.12 Drop-test apparatus
The drop test apparatus shall comply with the following specifications:
— drop height 1,2 m;
— ground plate with a thickness greater than 10 mm of steel.
An example of an apparatus is shown in Annex B.
4.13 Goniometer
Goniometer, reading to 1°.
4.14 Devices for measuring of effect height
The devices shall be capable of measuring horizontal and/or vertical angles:
— universal surveying instrument (USI);
— theodolite;
— electronic level or clinometers;
— video systems
— measuring grid.
4.15 Devices for measuring thrust
Either of the following apparatus shall be used for the measurement of thrust:
— calibrated strain gauge;
— piezoelectric type load cell.
The accuracy of these gauges shall be determined as a function of levels of thrusts to be measured and the
tolerances given by the manufacturer.
4.16 Abrasive sheet
Abrasive sheet, large enough to permit striking of the ignition head, conforming to ISO 21948, grit P240
conforming to ISO 6344-3.
4.17 Witness screen
For the assessment of fragments according to 5.15.2.2, the following equipment shall be used:
— sturdy square based frame: length: 1 m; width: 1 m; height: 0,5 m, or alternatively a sturdy cylindrical
frame: radius 0,5 m, height 0,5 m;
— witness screen material: threshold energy of penetration 5 J (e.g. foils of polycarbonate with a thickness
of 0,5 mm). The lateral surfaces of the sturdy base shall be totally covered with the witness screen
material. The resulting box shall provide an opening at the bottom side, see Figures 1 and 2.
Key
a
length: 1 m
b width: 1 m
c height: 0,5 m
Figure 1 — Square based frame covered with witness screen material
An alternative test set-up is given in Figure 2.
Key
r radius: 0,5 m
h height: 0,5 m
Figure 2 — Alternative test set-up: cylindrical frame covered with witness screen material
For the assessment of fragments according to 5.15.2.3, the following equipment shall be used:
— witness screen material: threshold energy of penetration 5 J (e.g. specific foils of polycarbonate with a
thickness of 0,5 mm);
— four frames: length: 2 m; width: 2 m.
4.18 Transparent type size sheet
Transparent sheet with the characters shown in Figure 3 printed on it in 2,8 mm and 2,1 mm text. Height of
text determined by height of capital X in each case.
Figure 3 — Type sizes of print
4.19 High speed video equipment
High speed video camera with suitable speed and resolution adapted to the expected size and speed of the
foreseen fragments.
4.20 Further test apparatus
Other test apparatus than those listed in 4.1 to 4.19 are:
— thermal flux measuring apparatus;
— pressure gauge;
— strain gauge or piezoelectric type of load cell (see 5.11.1);
— ESD test apparatus (see 5.13.1.2.1);
— drop hammer for impact sensitivity testing (see 5.13.1.3.1);
— friction test apparatus (see 5.13.1.4.1).
5 Test methods
5.1 General
Any equivalent method with the same sensitivity and the same accuracy or better may be used.
5.2 Construction
5.2.1 Outer dimension of item
Using the ruler (see 4.5), measure and record the outer dimensions of the item(s).
5.2.2 Determination of calibre
Using the calliper (see 4.4), measure and record the calibre of the item(s).
5.2.3 Determination of gross mass
Using the balance (4.8.1), measure and record the gross mass of the item(s).
5.3 Design verification
5.3.1 General
This test shall be done for type testing to verify that the tested item is in accordance with the requirements of
EN 16263-2 and EN 16263-3.
5.3.2 Conformity to drawings and part lists
The tested item shall be in accordance with the relevant manufacturing drawing. The drawing shall show any
relevant component, with its dimensions, the mass and form (e.g. loose powder, granules, pellets,
consolidated grains, etc.) of each pyrotechnic composition as well as the proportions of its constituents.
Observe and record any non-conformity.
5.3.3 Pyrotechnic composition — Determination of net explosive content
5.3.3.1 Apparatus
— Balance reading 0,01 g (see 4.8.2).
— Balance reading 0,1 g (see 4.8.1).
5.3.3.2 Procedure – dismantling (if necessary)
Separate any pyrotechnic units and count them.
Table 1 — Accuracy of weighing
Mass of pyrotechnic
Weigh to the nearest Using the balance
composition
≤ 3,0 g 0,01 g 4.8.2
> 3,0 g 0,1 g 4.8.1
Weigh the pyrotechnic composition not contained in pyrotechnic unit(s). Record the mass.
If applicable, remove the pyrotechnic composition from each pyrotechnic unit, and weigh each portion. Record
the mass of each portion.
When safe dismantling is not possible, alternative procedures may be applied.
5.4 Angle of ascent and height of effects
5.4.1 General
The following test method is applicable to articles which are fired vertically or within an angle of ± 15° from the
vertical. In other cases, the test method shall be determined according to the performances of the article.
5.4.2 Apparatus
— Universal surveying instrument = USI (for instance theodolite) or comparable instruments (4.14).
— Test area (4.2) for the launching of the article.
— A mounting rack, which can be used to fix hand-held articles, might be needed.
5.4.3 Procedure
When determining effect, rising, or bursting height, firing shall take place only in the vertical direction, i.e.
90° ± 2° from the ground (test area). Measurements shall only take place with a wind velocity of less than
5 m/s (4.7).
Suitable apparatus for height measurement is any kind of regular device for measuring two angles at the
same time (4.14), specifically the elevation angle (0° - 90°, 1° steps) and the horizontal angle (0° - 360°, 1°
steps). The measurement of heights may be made according to one of the methods described in Annex C as
equivalent systems are allowed.
For articles that project pyrotechnic units beyond 30 m or contain pyrotechnic units that are self-propelling two
measuring positions are required. For all other cases one measuring point is adequate. If two measuring
points are necessary, vertical and horizontal angles shall be recorded. In case of one measuring point, at least
the vertical angle shall be recorded.
In order to achieve a reasonable accuracy the distance between firing point and measurement location,
referred to as base length here, shall be adjusted to the measurement device. The vertical angle should be
within the range of 30° to 60° (optimal 45°). If the monitoring position(s) is / are not in the same horizontal
plane as the article, appropriate corrections shall be made in the calculation of heights. Generally the
measuring distance should be adapted to the article (height of ascent expected).
When using two positions for monitoring the height of ascent and angle of flight, they shall be positioned at a
measured distance and, depending on the method of measurement and calculation of the heights, either at an
angle of 90° to each other in relation to the article (See Method 2 of Annex C) or a sufficient angle to ensure a
good validity of the measurement (See Method 1 of Annex C).
5.5 Measurement of sound pressure level
5.5.1 Apparatus
A sound level meter (4.10) and a measuring tape (4.6) are needed.
5.5.2 Procedure
Set up the microphone of the sound level meter (4.10) in the test area (see 4.2) at the safe firing distance or at
a known distance from the main effect point and at a height of 1 m.
Record the maximum C-weighted peak or maximum A-weighted impulse sound pressure levels as measured
by the sound level meter (4.10).
5.6 Timing measurement
5.6.1 Apparatus
Timing device (4.3).
5.6.2 Procedure
5.6.2.1 Ignition time
Remove any protection of the ignition device and ignite it in accordance with the instructions for use.
Apply the ignition source to the ignition device and at the same instant, start the timing device (4.3). Stop the
timing device at the moment the functioning of the article appears. Record the ignition time in seconds.
5.6.2.2 Burning rate of composition
Determine the burning rate by using the timing device (4.3) measuring the burning time of the sample and
divide the explosive content in gram by the measured time in seconds. Record the burning rate in g/s.
5.7 Mechanical conditioning
5.7.1 Apparatus
The following apparatus shall be used:
— shock apparatus (4.11);
— balance (4.8);
— timing device (4.3).
5.7.2 Procedure
The number of articles to be submitted to mechanical conditioning is given in EN 16263-2:2015, 8.2.1,
Table 1.
Place a sheet of paper on the platform of the mechanical shock apparatus and place the test samples on the
sheet of paper. For articles that are supplied in primary packs, condition the appropriate number of complete,
unopened packs. Cover the test samples or packs and secure them to the platform around its edges. Run the
machine for 1 h.
At the end of the conditioning period stop the machine and remove the test samples or primary packs. For
samples which have been conditioned in primary packs, carefully open the packs, remove the samples and
empty any loose material on to the sheet of paper. Separate any pyrotechnic composition from the loose
material and weigh this pyrotechnic composition with the balance.
Record the mass of loose pyrotechnic composition.
If applicable, verify and record whether the test samples and primary pack exhibit any visible damage and the
safety features are still in the safe position.
For the articles equipped with visible safety features, the safe position shall be verified after the mechanical
conditioning by visual examination.
5.8 Mechanical impact test (Drop test)
5.8.1 Apparatus
Drop-test apparatus (see 4.12).
5.8.2 General
The drop test is performed with the number of articles in accordance with EN 16263-2, unless a “positive
result” as defined in EN 16263-2:2015, 5.4 is obtained.
If no “positive result” is observed, the articles might still be needed after the test for further testing as
described in EN 16263-2:2015, 5.4.
5.8.3 Procedure
The article shall be fixed to a suitable release mechanism (see Annex B for details) and shall be placed at a
height of 1,2 m above the metal plate.
The article shall be positioned for the first test in such a way that it can fall along its main geometrical axis of
symmetry freely. In a second test, a new article is positioned in a perpendicular orientation. Following test
samples are positioned alternating between the two positions described previously.
Record any “positive result” as given in EN 16263-2:2015, 5.4.
For the articles equipped with visible safety features, the safe position shall be verified after the mechanical
impact test, by visual examination.
5.9 Thermal conditioning
5.9.1 Apparatus
Temperature chamber(s) (4.9).
5.9.2 Procedure
5.9.2.1 Normal thermal conditioning
Place the items in a temperature chamber at 75 °C ± 2,5°C for 48 h or at 50 °C ± 2,5 °C for 28 days (within
the primary pack if any).
At the end of the thermal conditioning, verify and record any ignition, degradation or mass changes (emission
of gas, cracks or expansion of compacted compositions, migration of chemicals, etc.).
5.9.2.2 High temperature conditioning
Place the items or primary packs (where applicable) in a temperature chamber at a temperature 1,25 times
the maximum use temperature as specified by the manufacturer for 48 h.
At the end of the thermal conditioning, verify and record any ignition, degradation or mass changes (emission
of gas, cracks or expansion of compacted compositions, migration of chemicals, etc.).
5.9.2.3 Low temperature conditioning
Place the items or primary packs (where applicable) in a temperature chamber at a temperature 10°C lower
than the minimum use temperature as specified by the manufacturer for 48 h.
At the end of the thermal conditioning, verify and record any ignition, degradation or mass changes (emission
of gas, cracks or expansion of compacted compositions, migration of chemicals, etc.).
5.9.2.4 Verification of the 'use by' date
When EN 16263-2:2015, 5.1, requires the manufacturer to demonstrate correct functioning of the article at the
'use by' date by extension of the thermal conditioning test, the procedure described in 5.9.2.1 or 5.9.2.2 shall
be applied over a period of time that can be calculated by application of accelerated ageing method such as
described in Annex D.
5.10 Function test
5.10.1 General
Test area (4.2), if applicable
The test area (4.2.2 or 4.2.3) shall be chosen according to the expected performance of the article. It shall be
clean and free from debris etc. from former tests.
5.10.2 Apparatus
Where appropriate, the following apparatus shall be used for the function test:
— video high speed recording equipment (4.19);
— temperature chamber(s) (4.9);
— visual delineation of the hazard zone as defined by the manufacturer in the instructions for use or
calculated from performance data according to specialist knowledge;
— witness screen(s) (4.17);
— thermal flux meter (4.20)
— the ancillary device(s) and/or firing equipment which are specified by the manufacturer;
— other measuring equipment which is needed to check the performance of the tested articles and which
can be indicated by the manufacturer (e.g. sound level meter (4.10) for sound emitters).
5.10.3 Procedure
5.10.3.1 General
When fragments are to be observed at the firing point (see EN 16263-3:2015, 6.2.3.7), 5.15 shall be applied in
combination with the present procedure.
Place and ignite the test sample in accordance with the labelled instructions or the instructions for use given
by the manufacturer. For articles that are fired vertically, the main effect height shall (where possible) be
measured in accordance with 5.4.
Record the following observations:
— the nature of the principal effect and effect parameters (duration, spatial extension, ignition time
(5.6.2.1));
— whether all pyrotechnic units function completely;
— the article's motion from the testing point and the distance of motion from the testing point;
— the generation of fragments from the article; if any
— other performance parameters which are specified by the manufacturer (e.g. sound pressure level (5.5)
for sound emitters);
— the burning time and, where appropriate, the thermal flow rate during the maximum exposure time
specified by the manufacturer.
5.10.3.2 High temperature
When required the test sample shall be placed in a temperature chamber for 24 h at the maximum use
temperature specified by the manufacturer before the function test according to 5.10.3.1.
The articles shall be removed from extreme temperature storage no more than 2 min before the test. This time
interval may be increased for large and massive articles according to acquired experience of testing bodies.
5.10.3.3 Low temperature
When required the test sample shall be placed in a temperature chamber for 24 h at the minimum use
temperature specified by the manufacturer before the function test according to 5.10.3.1.
The articles shall be removed from extreme temperature storage no more than 2 min before the test. This time
interval may be increased for large and massive articles according to acquired experience of testing bodies.
5.10.3.4 Verification of safe position
For the articles equipped with integral safety features, the safe position shall be verified after each of the
following tests: mechanical conditioning (5.7), mechanical impact test (5.8) and electrostatic discharge test
(5.13.1.2).
When the safety features are not visible, verification of the safe position require the tested items to be initiated
by functioning the initiating pyrotechnic train before the safety features. This might require a specific
preparation of the tested items depending on their means of ignition. Record any initiation of the main charge
or the pyrotechnic train after the safety features.
5.11 Measurement of thrust
5.11.1 Apparatus
A strain gauge or a piezoelectric type of load cell (4.20) and a timing device (4.3) are needed.
5.11.2 Procedure
Testing of the rocket motor shall be performed to confirm that the rocket motor is within the manufacturer’s
defined tolerances.
The peak thrust, the thrust impulse and burn time shall be measured and recorded.
5.12 Resistance to ignition by an abrasive surface
5.12.1 Apparatus
Abrasive sheet (see 4.16).
5.12.2 Procedure
Strike the friction head of the test sample in the test area (see 4.2) on the rough surface of the abrasive sheet.
Record whether the friction head ignites.
5.13 Further tests
5.13.1 Sensitiveness of pyrotechnic composition
5.13.1.1 General
This test shall be applied when the user might have contact with bare pyrotechnic composition or if
composition is likely to become exposed during normal conditions of handling or use.
5.13.1.2 Electrostatic discharge
5.13.1.2.1 Apparatus
The ESD test circuit is illustrated by Figure 4 hereunder.
Figure 4 — ESD test circuit
5.13.1.2.2 Procedure
Six tests with a recommended volume of 10 mm of the pyrotechnic composition per test shall be used.
After stabilization at room temperature, discharge 25 000 V from a 660 pF capacitor or 20 000 V from a
1 000 pF capacitor through a 5 000 Ω resistance, “pin-to-case” (conductive electrode in contact with the bare
pyrotechnic composition). If during six tests with a discharge of 200 mJ no ignition or explosion occurs the
sample is considered to have a sensitivity of more than 200 mJ.
For the articles equipped with visible safety features, the safe position shall be verified after the electrostatic
discharge test, by visual examination.
5.13.1.3 Impact
5.13.1.3.1 Apparatus
The general design of the impact test apparatus is illustrated by Figure 5.
Key
1 release device
2 weight M to be dropped
3 piston
4 anvil
5 massive base
6 pyrotechnic composition
Figure 5 — Impact test apparatus
5.13.1.3.2 Procedure
Six tests shall be carried out on samples of the pyrotechnic composition.
These samples shall have a volume of 20 mm of loose pyrotechnic composition per test or have the shape of
a pellet of pressed pyrotechnic composition with the following recommended dimensions: diameter 4 mm,
height 3 mm.
After stabilization at room temperature:
— place the pyrotechnic composition on the anvil of the test apparatus, then place the weight M (kg) at a
distance h (m) above the upper surface of the pyrotechnic article, so that the product M x g x h (with
g = 9,81 m/s ) is equal to 8 J;
— release the weight and record the result.
If during six consecutive tests with impact energy of 8 J no ignition or explosion occurred, the sample is
regarded to have a sensitivity of more than 8 J.
NOTE More detailed information can be found in EN 13631–4.
5.13.1.4 Friction
5.13.1.4.1 Apparatus
The general principle to be applied to the friction test apparatus is illustrated by Figure 6.
Figure 6 — Friction test apparatus
A sample of pyrotechnic composition is placed on a porcelain plate (25 mm (length) × 25 mm (width) × 5 mm
(height), roughness 9 μm – 32 μm) which can be given a linear to-and-fro motion.
A porcelain pin (15 mm (length) × 10 mm (diameter), roughness 9 μm – 32 μm) exerts a force F on the sample
of pyrotechnic composition.
5.13.1.4.2 Procedure
Six tests
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