EN 13525:2020
(Main)Forestry machinery - Wood chippers - Safety
Forestry machinery - Wood chippers - Safety
This document specifies safety requirements and their verification for design and construction of, i.e. self-propelled, mounted, semi-mounted and trailed, wood chippers used in forestry, agriculture, horticulture and landscaping.
This document applies to chippers, used when stationary, which are manually loaded with wood through a horizontal or near horizontal infeed chute and where the infeed action is performed by the chipping components acting as infeed components or by separate integrated infeed components such as rollers or conveyors integral to the infeed chute. Wood chippers may be powered either by an external power take-off, hydraulics etc. or by an integral power source such as an internal combustion engine.
This document does not cover:
- requirements relating to national road regulations arising from transport between work sites;
- hazards arising from any self-propelled function;
- hazards arising from the transmission of power from an external power source - e.g. power take-off drive shafts;
- any machines where the infeed chute is fitted with an extension table or an integrated conveyor that is protruding beyond the outermost lower edge of the infeed chute and the Lower Protective Device of the infeed chute;
- hazards arising from the engine pull starting of an integral power source;
- hazards arising from mechanical loading;
- vertical infeed chute chippers;
- electromagnetic aspects of the chippers;
- shredders/chippers to be covered by EN 13683;
- any machines that are only loaded mechanically;
- additional mechanical discharge systems for woodchips which are not part of the chipping mechanism e.g. conveyors.
For machines that can be both manually and mechanically loaded, this document is only covering the safety of the manual loading.
NOTE 1 Any additional requirements related to use with both mechanical and manual feed that could affect safe use or which are necessary to maintain the integrity of protective devices are outside the scope of this document. Such additional measures are intended to be determined by risk assessment carried out by the manufacturer.
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to wood chippers, when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex A).
In addition, it specifies the type of information to be provided by the manufacturer on the safe use of these machines.
It is not applicable to environmental hazards (except noise).
NOTE 2 The noise test code described in this standard does not comply with the outdoor noise directive 2000/14/EC.
This document is not applicable to wood chippers which are manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN.
Forstmaschinen - Buschholzhacker - Sicherheit
Dieses Dokument enthält Sicherheitsanforderungen und deren Überprüfung für die Konstruktion und den Bau von z. B. selbstfahrenden, angebauten, aufgesattelten und gezogenen Buschholzhackern, die in der Land- und Forstwirtschaft, dem Gartenbau und der Landschaftspflege eingesetzt werden.
Dieses Dokument gilt für stationär betriebene Buschholzhacker, die von Hand mit Holz über einen waagerechten oder nahezu waagerechten Zuführtrichter beschickt werden. Die Zuführung erfolgt durch die Hackwerkzeuge, die die Funktion von Zuführelementen übernehmen, oder durch separate Zuführelemente wie z. B. Walzen oder Förderer, die in den Zuführtrichter integriert sind. Buschholzhacker können durch eine externe Antriebsquelle (Zapfwelle), hydraulisch usw. oder durch eine integrierte Antriebsquelle wie z. B. einem Verbrennungsmotor angetrieben werden.
Dieses Dokument behandelt nicht:
- nationale straßenverkehrstechnische Anforderungen, die für den Transport zwischen zwei Einsatzorten gelten;
- Gefahren in Hinblick auf die Selbstfahrfunktion;
- Gefahren in Verbindung mit der Kraftübertragung durch externe Antriebsquellen, — z. B. Gelenkwellen;
- Maschinen, bei denen der Zuführtrichter mit einem Verlängerungstisch ausgerüstet ist oder ein integrierter Förderer über die äußerste Unterkante des Zuführtrichters und das untere Schutzgerät des Zuführtrichters hinausragt;
- Gefahren in Verbindung mit Seilzug-Starteinrichtungen von integrierten Antriebsquellen;
- Gefahren in Verbindung mit mechanischem Beschicken;
- Buschholzhacker mit senkrechtem Zuführtrichter;
- Gesichtspunkte der elektromagnetischen Verträglichkeit von Buschholzhackern;
- Gartenhäcksler nach EN 13683;
- alle Maschinen, die mechanisch beschickt werden;
- ergänzende mechanische Auswurfvorrichtungen für Hackschnitzel, die nicht Teil des Hackmechanismus sind, z. B. Förderer.
Bei Maschinen, die sowohl von Hand als auch mechanisch beschickt werden können, deckt dieses Dokument lediglich die Sicherheit der Beschickung von Hand.
ANMERKUNG 1 Alle zusätzlichen Anforderungen in Verbindung mit der mechanischen Beschickung als auch der von Hand, die die sichere Verwendung beeinträchtigen könnten oder notwendig sind, die Integrität der Schutzvorrichtungen zu wahren, fallen nicht in den Anwendungsbereich dieses Dokument. Solche zusätzlichen Maßnahmen müssen bei der vom Hersteller durchgeführten Risikobeurteilung bestimmt werden.
Dieses Dokument behandelt alle signifikanten Gefahren, Gefahrensituationen und Gefahrenereignisse, die bei Buschholzhackern auftreten können, wenn Sie bestimmungsgemäß und unter den vom Hersteller vorhersehbaren Bedingungen verwendet werden (siehe Anhang A).
Zusätzlich nennt Sie die Informationen, die vom Hersteller für den sicheren Gebrauch dieser Maschinen zur Verfügung zu stellen sind.
Umweltschutzrelevante Gesichtspunkte (mit Ausnahme von Geräuschen) werden nicht behandelt.
ANMERKUNG 2 Das in diesem Dokument beschriebene Geräuschmessverfahren entspricht nicht der EU Richtlinie 2000/14/EG zu Geräuschen im Freien.
Dieses Dokument gilt nicht für Buschholzhacker, die vor dem Datum der Veröffentlichung dieses Dokumentes durch CEN hergestellt wurden.
Machines forestières - Déchiqueteuses - Sécurité
Le présent document spécifie les exigences de sécurité et leurs vérifications pour la conception et la construction des déchiqueteuses, c'est-à-dire automotrices, portées, semi-portées et traînées, employées en foresterie, agriculture, horticulture et paysagisme.
Le présent document s'applique aux déchiqueteuses qui sont alimentées manuellement en bois par l'intermédiaire d'une goulotte d'alimentation horizontale ou presque horizontale et dont l'action d'alimentation est réalisée par des éléments de déchiquetage agissant comme des éléments d'alimentation ou par des éléments d'alimentation intégrés tels que des rouleaux ou des convoyeurs intégrés à la goulotte d'alimentation. Les déchiqueteuses peuvent être entraînées soit par une prise de force extérieure, un système hydraulique, etc., soit par une source de puissance intégrée telle qu'un moteur à combustion interne.
Le présent document ne couvre pas :
- les exigences relatives aux codes de la route nationaux liés au transport entre les sites de travail ;
- les phénomènes dangereux dus à toute fonction automotrice ;
- les phénomènes dangereux provenant de la transmission de puissance depuis une source externe comme un arbre de transmission de prise de force ;
- toute machine dont la goulotte d’alimentation est équipée d’une rallonge ou d’un convoyeur intégré qui dépasse du bord inférieur extérieur de la goulotte d'alimentation et du dispositif inférieur de protection de la goulotte d'alimentation ;
- les phénomènes dangereux provenant du démarrage manuel du moteur d'une source de puissance intégrée ;
- les phénomènes dangereux dus à un chargement mécanique ;
- les déchiqueteuses à goulotte d'alimentation verticale ;
- les aspects électromagnétiques des déchiqueteuses ;
- les broyeurs/déchiqueteurs couverts par l'EN 13683 ;
- toute machine qui n'est chargée que de manière mécanique ;
- les autres systèmes d'évacuation mécanique des copeaux de bois qui ne font pas partie du mécanisme de déchiquetage, comme les convoyeurs.
Pour les machines pouvant être chargées à la fois manuellement et mécaniquement, le présent document ne traite que de la sécurité du chargement manuel.
NOTE 1 Toutes les exigences supplémentaires éventuelles qui sont liées à une utilisation avec alimentation manuelle et mécanique susceptible d'affecter l'utilisation sûre ou qui sont nécessaires pour préserver l'intégrité des dispositifs de protection, ne relèvent pas du domaine d'application du présent document. De telles dispositions supplémentaires sont déterminées par l'appréciation du risque effectuée par le fabricant.
Le présent document traite de tous les phénomènes, situations et événements dangereux significatifs et propres aux déchiqueteuses lorsqu'elles sont utilisées normalement et dans les conditions prévisibles par le fabricant (voir Annexe A).
En outre, il spécifie le type d'informations que le fabricant doit fournir sur l'utilisation sûre de ces machines.
Il ne s'applique pas aux aspects liés à l'environnement (à l'exception du bruit).
NOTE 2 Le code d'essai acoustique décrit dans le présent document n'est pas conforme à la directive 2000/14/CE sur le bruit extérieur.
Le présent document ne s'applique pas aux déchiqueteuses fabriquées avant la date de publication du présent document par le CEN.
Gozdarski stroji - Sekalniki - Varnost
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-junij-2020
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 13525:2005+A2:2010
Gozdarski stroji - Sekalniki - Varnost
Forestry machinery - Wood chippers - Safety
Forstmaschinen - Buschholzhacker - Sicherheit
Machines forestières - Déchiqueteuses - Sécurité
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13525:2020
ICS:
65.060.80 Gozdarska oprema Forestry equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 13525
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
April 2020
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 65.060.80 Supersedes EN 13525:2005+A2:2009
English Version
Forestry machinery - Wood chippers - Safety
Machines forestières - Déchiqueteuses - Sécurité Forstmaschinen - Buschholzhacker - Sicherheit
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 February 2020.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13525:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures . 15
4.1 General . 15
4.2 Operator controls . 15
4.2.1 General . 15
4.2.2 Starting the machine . 16
4.2.3 Stopping the machine . 16
4.2.4 Infeed controls . 16
4.2.5 Lower and Side Protective Device(s) . 17
4.2.6 Top Stop Device . 22
4.2.7 Emergency stop . 26
4.2.8 Combination of controls . 27
4.2.9 Safety and reliability of control systems . 27
4.3 Protection against mechanical hazards . 27
4.3.1 Stability . 27
4.3.2 Risk of break-up during operation . 28
4.3.3 Hazards related to infeed components and chipping components . 28
4.3.4 Risks due to ejected objects . 40
4.3.5 Protection against access to moving power transmission parts. 41
4.4 Protection against non-mechanical hazards . 41
4.4.1 Noise . 41
4.4.2 Hydraulic components . 42
4.4.3 Hot surfaces . 42
4.4.4 Electrical hazards . 42
4.4.5 Exhaust fumes . 43
4.5 Preparation for transport and maintenance . 43
5 Verification of the safety requirements and/or measures . 44
5.1 General . 44
5.2 Stability . 44
5.3 Chipping components risk of break-up . 45
5.4 Hot surfaces . 46
5.4.1 Temperature measuring equipment. 46
5.4.2 Test method . 46
5.4.3 Test acceptance . 46
5.5 Verification of requirements on noise – Measurement of noise emission . 46
6 Information for use . 47
6.1 Instruction handbook . 47
6.2 Marking . 49
6.3 Warnings . 49
Annex A (normative) List of significant hazards . 51
Annex B (normative) Noise test code - Engineering method (grade 2) . 55
B.1 Scope . 55
B.2 Emission sound pressure level determination . 55
B.3 A-weighted sound power level determination. 55
B.4 Installation and mounting conditions . 56
B.5 Operating conditions . 56
B.6 Measurement uncertainties . 57
B.7 Information to be recorded and reported . 57
B.8 Declaration and verification . 57
Annex C (normative) Integrated infeed conveyor . 59
Annex D (normative) Lower and Side Protective Devices tests . 62
D.1 Robustness of LSPD (Lower and Side Protective Devices) . 62
D.1.1 General. 62
D.1.2 Test n° 1 – Robustness of LPD (Lower Protective Device) . 62
D.1.3 Test n° 2 – Robustness of LPD (Lower Protective Device) . 62
D.1.4 Test n° 3 – Robustness of SPD (Side Protective Device) . 62
D.2 Functioning of LSPD (Lower and Side Protective Devices) . 62
D.2.1 General. 62
D.2.2 Test n° 1 – Functioning of LPD (Lower Protective Device) . 62
D.2.3 Test n° 2 – Functioning of SPD (Side Protective Device) . 63
Annex E (informative) Summary of features of the different stopping functions . 67
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered . 72
Bibliography . 74
European foreword
This document (EN 13525:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 144 “Tractors and
machinery for agriculture and forestry”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2020, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by October 2020.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 13525:2005+A2:2009.
The main changes compared to the previous edition concern requirements to deal with risks related to moving
parts and more particularly to moving parts involved in the process.
This has resulted in a substantial revision of the chapters dealing with operator controls (4.2) and with
protection against mechanical hazards (4.3).
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania,
Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Introduction
This document is a type-C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100.
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market
players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance etc.)
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the above-
mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting process
of this document.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are
covered are indicated in the Scope of this document.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-B
standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other
standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C
standard.
1 Scope
This document specifies safety requirements and their verification for design and construction of, i.e. self-
propelled, mounted, semi-mounted and trailed, wood chippers used in forestry, agriculture, horticulture and
landscaping.
This document applies to chippers, used when stationary, which are manually loaded with wood through a
horizontal or near horizontal infeed chute and where the infeed action is performed by the chipping
components acting as infeed components or by separate integrated infeed components such as rollers or
conveyors integral to the infeed chute. Wood chippers may be powered either by an external power take-off,
hydraulics etc. or by an integral power source such as an internal combustion engine.
This document does not cover:
— requirements relating to national road regulations arising from transport between work sites;
— hazards arising from any self-propelled function;
— hazards arising from the transmission of power from an external power source – e.g. power take-off drive
shafts;
— any machines where the infeed chute is fitted with an extension table or an integrated conveyor that is
protruding beyond the outermost lower edge of the infeed chute and the Lower Protective Device of the
infeed chute;
— hazards arising from the engine pull starting of an integral power source;
— hazards arising from mechanical loading;
— vertical infeed chute chippers;
— electromagnetic aspects of the chippers;
— shredders/chippers to be covered by EN 13683;
— any machines that are only loaded mechanically;
— additional mechanical discharge systems for woodchips which are not part of the chipping mechanism e.g.
conveyors.
For machines that can be both manually and mechanically loaded, this document is only covering the safety of
the manual loading.
NOTE 1 Any additional requirements related to use with both mechanical and manual feed that could affect safe use or
which are necessary to maintain the integrity of protective devices are outside the scope of this document. Such additional
measures are intended to be determined by risk assessment carried out by the manufacturer.
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to wood chippers,
when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex A).
In addition, it specifies the type of information to be provided by the manufacturer on the safe use of these
machines.
It is not applicable to environmental hazards (except noise).
NOTE 2 The noise test code described in this document does not comply with the outdoor noise directive 2000/14/EC.
This document is not applicable to wood chippers which are manufactured before the date of publication of this
document by CEN.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the
latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 1175-2:1998+A1:2010, Safety of industrial trucks — Electrical requirements — Part 2: General requirements
of internal combustion engine powered trucks
EN 10025-2:2019, Hot rolled products of structural steels — Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for non-alloy
structural steels
EN 15811:2014, Agricultural machinery — Fixed guards and interlocked guards with or without guard locking
for moving transmission parts (ISO/TS 28923:2012 modified)
EN 60204-1:2018, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General requirements (IEC
60204-1:2016)
EN 60529:1991, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529:1989)
EN 60529:1991/A1:2000, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529:1989/A1:1999)
EN 60529:1991/A2:2013, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529:1989/A2:2013)
EN 60947-5-1:2004, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear — Part 5-1: Control circuit devices and switching
elements — Electromechanical control circuit devices (IEC 60947 5 1:2003)
EN ISO 3744:2010, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources
using sound pressure — Engineering methods for an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 3744:2010)
EN ISO 4254-1:2015, Agricultural machinery — Safety — Part 1: General requirements (ISO 4254-1:2013)
EN ISO 4413:2010, Hydraulic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components (ISO 4413:2010)
EN ISO 4871:2009, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment
(ISO 4871:1996)
EN ISO 11201:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission sound
pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane
with negligible environmental corrections (ISO 11201:2010)
EN ISO 11204:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission sound
pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions applying accurate environmental corrections (ISO
11204:2010)
EN ISO 11688-1:2009, Acoustics — Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment
— Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995)
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction
(ISO 12100:2010)
EN ISO 13732-1:2008, Ergonomics of the thermal environment — Methods for the assessment of human responses
to contact with surfaces — Part 1: Hot surfaces (ISO 13732-1:2006)
EN ISO 13857:2019, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and
lower limbs (ISO 13857:2019)
EN ISO 13849-1:2015, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles
for design (ISO 13849-1:2015)
EN ISO 13850:2015, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop function — Principles for design (ISO 13850:2015)
EN ISO 14120:2015, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and construction of
fixed and movable guards (ISO 14120:2015)
ISO 11684:1995, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment — Safety
signs and hazard pictorials — General principles
EN 17067:2018, Forestry machinery — Safety requirements on radio remote controls
IEC 60245-1:2003+AMD1:2007, Rubber insulated cables — Rated voltages up to and including 450/750 V — Part
1: General requirements
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
wood chipper
machine designed to reduce wood into chips
3.2
chipping components
rotating disc or drum or similar device with cutting tools or screw arrangement that performs the chipping
operation and may perform also the infeed operation
3.3
infeed component
device designed to feed wood into the chipping components
Note 1 to entry: Infeed components may be rollers or conveyors.
3.4
infeed action
action or process of supplying material into the chipping components
3.5
horizontal or near horizontal infeed chute
infeed chute for which the gravity has a negligible effect on infeed action
3.6
manual loading
method where the wood is presented to the machine by the operator without mechanical help
3.7
infeed chute
device through which wood is fed and guided to the chipping components and which also provides the required
safety distances
Note 1 to entry: See different types of infeed chute Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4.
Note 2 to entry: Any dimensions used to determine the type of infeed chute are to be considered horizontal and with
the machine on level ground and the infeed chute in its designated working position.
Key
1 maximum offset of 100 mm from lower edge of chute
2 reference plane
3 minimum distance from the ground
Figure 1 — Type A: fully closed infeed chute – Left side view
Key
1 closed top panel greater than 600 mm from the reference plane
and a distance greater than 100 mm from the chute lower edge
2 open top panel
3 reference plane
4 minimum distance from the ground
Figure 2 — Type B: semi open infeed chute – Left side view
Key
1 closed top panel greater than 300 mm from the reference plane
and less than 600 mm from the chute's top edge
2 open top panel
3 reference plane
4 minimum distance from the ground
5 distance between Chute Top Structure and reference plane
6 Chute Top Structure
Figure 3 — Type C: fully open infeed chute – Left side view
Key
1 any distance less than 300 mm from or in front of the reference plane in the direction of infeed classifies the
chute as a type D
2 Chute Top Structure
3 distance between Chute Top Structure and reference plane
4 reference plane
5 minimum distance from the ground
Figure 4 — Type D: extended open infeed chute – Left side view
3.8
integrated infeed conveyor
transporting system incorporated in the infeed chute that transports and presents material to cutting
mechanism or additional infeed components
3.9
discharge chute
device through which the chipped material is guided away from the chipping components and which may also
provide the required safety distances
3.10
run down time
time elapsed from the actuation of the stop control device until the chipping and/or infeed components come
to a complete stop
3.11
reference plane
vertical imaginary plane normal to the infeed direction, at a point nearest to the operator during the action of
in-feeding, where the distance between the infeed components or if there is only one infeed component
between this infeed component and the infeed chute is 25 mm or where the infeed is achieved by the chipping
components alone, the point nearest the operator where the chipping components are accessible
Note 1 to entry: Figures are given as example and do not represent all cases.
Note 2 to entry: The reference plane of wood chippers with opposing vertical rollers is determined as shown on Figure 5
assuming that rollers are vertical.
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 reference plane
Figure 5 — Wood chipper with opposing rollers – Left side view
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 reference plane
Figure 6 — Wood chipper with offset rollers – left side view
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 reference plane
Figure 7 — Wood chipper with single roller – Left side view
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 reference plane
Figure 8 — Wood chipper without rollers – Left side view
3.12
tool tip circle
path described by the outermost point of the cutting tools when rotating around their axis
3.13
normal stop
control device whereby the machinery can be brought safely to a complete stop
3.14
infeed stop control
control device whereby the infeed action can be stopped intentionally by the operator
3.15
Lower and Side Protective Device
control device, designed for involuntary activation by a part of the operator body, whereby the infeed action
can be stopped
3.16
Top Stop Device
device designed for intentional activation by an operator within the designated for manual loading area or in
the case of foreseeable misuse of standing within the chute, whereby the infeed action can be stopped
3.17
Chute Top Structure
physical barrier mounted across the top of infeed chutes of types C and D and connected to both sides
3.18
emergency stop
intentionally actuated control device used to stop the hazardous functions of the machine as quickly as possible
without creating additional hazards
3.19
designated manual loading area
one or several areas indicated by the manufacturer from where the operator is manually feeding the machine
3.20
Protective Stop
stop command initiated by the unintentional activation of the Lower or Side Protective Device
4 Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures
4.1 General
Machines shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this clause. In addition, the
machine shall be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100:2010 for hazards relevant but not
significant. In particular, the edges of the sheets constituting the infeed chute shall be deburred, flanged or
folded down.
Unless otherwise specified in this document all opening and safety distances shall comply with
EN ISO 13857:2019, Tables 1, 3, 4 and 6.
4.2 Operator controls
4.2.1 General
All machines shall have separate controls for starting and stopping the chipping components and for starting
and stopping the infeed action meeting the requirements given below in 4.2.2, 4.2.3, 4.2.4 and 4.2.5. The safety
and reliability of control system shall meet the requirements given in 4.2.9.
Where any installed infeed components do not shield off the chipping components (see 4.3.3.4) and the
chipping components remain fully exposed during operation (for example a lower conveyor only is fitted,
exposing the full face of the chipping components), or the chipping components perform the infeed action,
activation of the infeed protective devices (i.e. protective stop, top stop, emergency stop) shall also stop the
chipping components.
Summary of the main features of the different Stop controls are presented in Annex E.
Controls shall be so designed that they can be easily activated by an operator wearing personal protective
equipment and clothing.
Any remote control of wood chippers shall comply with the requirements specified in EN 17067:2018.
4.2.2 Starting the machine
4.2.2.1 Starting the chipping components
Where the machine is powered by an external power source, e.g. a tractor power take-off or a hydraulic system,
the tractor power-take-off start control or hydraulic system control can be regarded as the operator's control
for starting the chipping components.
Where the machine is powered by an integral power source, e.g. an internal combustion engine or an electric
motor, the engine or motor start can be regarded as the operator's control for starting the chipping components.
Where an electric starter is used to start the integral power source, unauthorised activation of the starter shall
be avoided by using either:
— a key operated ignition or starting switch;
— or a security ignition or starting lock.
4.2.2.2 Starting the infeed components and integral conveyors
The infeed components and integral conveyors shall be started by a control device in a position providing good
visibility to the conveyor and the manual loading area.
4.2.3 Stopping the machine
4.2.3.1 Machine powered by an external power source
Where the machine is powered by an external power source, e.g. tractor power take-off or hydraulic system,
the external power source stopping controls such as the tractors engine stop control, the tractor’s power take-
off control or hydraulic system control may be regarded as the normal stop provided that they shall not require
sustained manual pressure for their operation.
4.2.3.2 Machine powered by an integral power source
Where the machine is powered by an integral power source, e.g. an internal combustion engine or electric
motor, the machine shall be fitted with a device or devices capable of stopping the power source, the infeed
components and integral conveyors that shall not require sustained manual pressure for its operation.
The device or devices shall be located in a convenient place for easy and safe access, shall be clearly identified,
may have one or multiple positions and shall be operated with a single action.
4.2.4 Infeed controls
4.2.4.1 General
All wood chippers shall be equipped with an infeed control mechanism that provides at least Feed, Stop and
Reverse functions. These infeed control mechanisms may also be combined with Lower and Side Protective
Devices in accordance with 4.2.5.
4.2.4.2 Location
Infeed controls shall allow the operator a direct view of the infeed area whilst operating the controls and shall
be located on both sides of the infeed chute. The controls shall be so placed that the operator can reach them
from the designated manual loading area.
4.2.4.3 Operation
Infeed controls may be so designed that the feed function can be placed in continuous operation until an active
command to stop or reverse is given.
Reverse function shall only be provided by a hold-to-run control.
Wood chippers shall be so designed that the feed or reverse action will not be automatically initiated when
starting external or integral power source. Once the engine or separate power source has been started, an
additional control action shall be required to start the feed or reverse process.
It shall be possible to place the infeed components in a stopped condition. This function may be combined with
the stop function of the Lower and Side Protective Device as specified in 4.2.5.
Actuation of any part of the infeed control shall have the same functional result.
4.2.5 Lower and Side Protective Device(s)
4.2.5.1 General
All machines shall have Lower and Side Protective Device(s). The design, position and function of Lower and
Side Protective Device(s) shall allow the operator when standing on the ground, if entangled in the wood being
fed into the machine, to stop the infeed action. The operator shall be able to engage Lower and Side Protective
Device(s), in the direction of infeed, by using parts of the body other than just the hands (e.g. shoulder, elbow,
torso, hip, legs.). If the operator is pulled into the infeed chute, protective device(s) shall be activated in any
case (e.g. with hip, legs), without any intentional activation by the operator and the infeed components shall be
stopped.
Whilst these requirements shall be fulfilled, the design, position and function of Lower and Side Protective
Device(s) shall seek to minimize inadvertent activation (nuisance tripping) by wood and branches as they are
fed into the machine.
To achieve this, it shall meet requirements given in 4.2.5.2.
Opportunities for the operator to remove, disconnect, disable, defeat, or jam the control shall be restricted so
far as practicable.
The positions/functions of Lower and Side Protective Device(s) shall be clearly indicated on both sides of the
infeed chute and also in the instruction handbook. The colour of Lower and Side Protective Device(s) shall be
preferably red or yellow. Any colour of Lower and Side Protective Device(s) shall be in contrast to the
background colour of the infeed chute.
4.2.5.2 Requirements
4.2.5.2.1 Positional requirements
The following requirements shall apply:
— a Lower Protective Device shall be fitted along the infeed chute lower (horizontal) edge, extending across
the full width of the infeed chute (see Figure 9);
— a Side Protective Device shall be fitted at each side of the infeed chute outer edge, extending up to a
minimum of 75 % of the maximum vertical opening of the infeed chute (see Figure 9).
Key
h vertical height of the chute opening
Figure 9 — Location and coverage of Lower and Side Protective Device
Examples of stop controls combinations are presented in the Annex E, Table E.3.
4.2.5.2.2 Location of Lower and Side Protective Device(s) relative to the infeed chute edges
4.2.5.2.2.1 Lower Protective Device
The Lower Protective Device shall meet the following requirements:
— the centre axis of the device shall be located no further than 200 mm radius (R) measured from the
outermost lower edge of the infeed chute (see Figure 10);
— the command to initiate a protective stop shall comply with the following:
a) the command shall be given when the offset between the outer surface of the protective device and the
outer lower edge of the floor of the infeed chute (see Figure 10) is ≥ 30 mm;
b) at the point of activation of the command the outermost surface of the device shall be tangential to a
plane (P) that intersects with the infeed chute outermost edge. At this point plane (P) shall have an
angled relationship (A) of ≤ 78° with the floor of the infeed chute (see Figure 10).
Key
1 infeed direction
2 Offset (≥ 30 mm LPD in activated position)
3 infeed chute lower edge
4 infeed chute floor
5 radius R
6 Lower Protective Device
7 angle A (≤ 78 degrees where LPD in activated position)
8 plane P
Figure 10 — Infeed chute – left side view
4.2.5.2.2.2 Side Protective Device
The Side Protective Device shall meet the following requirements:
— the centre of the device shall be located no further than 150 mm radius (R) measured from the outermost
edge of the infeed chute;
— when in activated position, the outermost surface of the device shall be tangential to a plane (P) that
intersects with the infeed chute outermost edge. Plane (P) shall have an angled relationship (A) with the
side of the infeed chute. This angle shall be ≤ 78 degrees (see Figure 11);
— the centre axis of the device shall be located no further than 150 mm radius (R) measured from the
outermost edge of the infeed chute (see Figure 11);
— the command to initiate a protective stop shall comply with the following:
a) the command shall be given when the offset between the outer surface of the protective device and the
outer edge of the infeed chute (see Figure 11) is ≥ 30 mm;
b) at the point of activation of the command the outermost surface of the device shall be tangential to a
plane (P) that intersects with the side chute outermost edge. At this position plane (P) shall have an
angled relationship (A) of ≤ 78 with a plane parallel to the infeed chute (see Figure 11).
Key
1 infeed direction
2 Offset (≥30 mm LPD in activated position)
3 infeed chute side edge
4 vertical plane perpendicular to the reference plane
5 radius R
6 Side Protective Device
7 angle A (≤ 78 degrees where SPD in activated position)
8 plane P
Figure 11 — Infeed chute - Top view
4.2.5.2.2.3 Combined infeed control and Lower and Side Protective Device(s)
Where Lower and Side Protective Device(s) is combined with the device that provides other functions to control
the infeed components (for example all functions provided by one infeed control/protective stop bar), the
functional location of the device relative to the infeed chute edges required to meet 4.2.4.1 to 4.2.4.3 and
4.2.5.2.1 to 4.2.5.2.2.2 shall be one of the three permitted control patterns specified in Figure 12.
Key
1 infeed direction
2 reverse (hold to run)
3 protective STOP (maintained until reset)
4 FEED (maintained or hold to run)
5 STOP (maintained)
6 reverse (hold to run)
7 infeed chute entire outermost lower edge
A zone A
B zone B
C zone C
Figure 12 — Permitted control patterns – Left side view
4.2.5.3 Functional requirements
On actuation of Lower and Side Protective Device(s) the infeed action shall stop in all instances before wood is
able to travel two thirds of the minimum horizontal distance from the entire outermost lower edge of the infeed
chute to the reference plane.
When either the Lower or Side Protective Devices are actuated it shall not be possible to restart infeed action,
other than reverse action, by solely returning the Lower and Side Protective Device(s) to an infeed position. It
shall only be possible to restart infeed action by deliberate actuation of a separate (reset) control provided for
this purpose from a position giving good visibility of the infeed area.
A stop initiated by either the Lower or Side Protective Device(s) shall have priority over any other controls
available to initiate or maintain feeding of wood, except the hold to run reverse function.
4.2.5.4 Functioning and robustness of Lower and Side Protective Device(s)
Functioning of Lower and Side Protective Device(s) shall be tested according to D.2. The force required to
actuate Lower and Side Protective Device(s) shall not exceed 150 N on the horizontal part of the infeed stop
control (including those provided on machines with an integral conveyor) and shall not exceed 200 N on other
parts along the length 0,75 × h. in the specified positions (see Figure 9) and be measured in the direction of the
device travel ± 15°.
Sturdiness of the Lower and Side Protective Device(s) shall be tested according to D.1.
4.2.6 Top Stop Device
4.2.6.1 General
All machines shall have a Top Stop Device. The Top Stop Device is intended for intentional activation: the
operator shall be able to activate the Top Stop Device from within the Designated manual loading area (e.g.
from either side of the chute) and in the case of the foreseeable misuse of standing within the chute.
The shape, position and function of the Top Stop Device shall comply with the requirements of the following
paragraphs.
Whilst these requirements shall be fulfilled, the design, position and function of the Top Stop Device shall seek
to minimize inadvertent activation (nuisance tripping) by wood and branches as they are fed into the machine;
and opportunities for the operator to remove, disconnect, disable, defeat, or jam the device.
The colour of the Top Stop Device shall be preferably red on a yellow background. Where other colours are
used, they shall be bright and in contrast to the background colour of the infeed chute. The Top Stop Device
shall be the same colour as used for the Lower and Side Protective Device(s).
The Top Stop Device shall be easy to recognize, either by its shape or indications on the chute and/or on the
device.
4.2.6.2 Requirements
4.2.6.2.1 Nature of the device
The Top Stop Device can consist of one or several different devices.
4.2.6.2.2 Positional requirements
The Top Stop Device shall be located:
— on the outside of the chute;
— above the upper outer edge of the chute or above the chute top structure.
At least one part of the device shall be visible and reachable when the operator in the case of foreseeable misuse
is standing within the chute. To achieve this, the device shall comply with the following requirements with the
infeed chute in a position ready to feed material, i.e. when the chute is in its designated working position. “It
shall be possible to activate the Top Stop Device while standing on the ground, to a maximum positional height
directly vertical of 1 800 mm from the ground level (see Figure 14).”
The device shall be so located that from both sides of the chute the sum of the dist
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