EN 1007-5:2003
(Main)Advanced technical ceramics - Ceramic composites - Methods of test for reinforcements - Part 5: Determination of distribution of tensile strength and of tensile strain to failure of filaments within a multifilament tow at ambient temperature
Advanced technical ceramics - Ceramic composites - Methods of test for reinforcements - Part 5: Determination of distribution of tensile strength and of tensile strain to failure of filaments within a multifilament tow at ambient temperature
This part of ENV 1007 specifies the conditions for the determination of the distribution of strength and rupture strain of ceramic filaments within a multifilament tow at room temperature by performing a single tensile test on a multifilament tow. This prestandard applies to tows of continuous ceramic filaments which are assumed to act freely and idependently under loading, and behave linearly elastic up to failure.
Hochleistungskeramik - Keramische Verbundwerkstoffe - Verfahren zur Prüfung von Verstärkungen - Teil 5: Bestimmung der Verteilung von Zugfestigkeit und Zugdehnung von Fasern im Faserbündel bei Raumtemperatur
Diese Europäische Norm legt die Bedingungen zur Bestimmung der Verteilung der Festigkeit und der Bruchdeh-nung von keramischen Fasern innerhalb eines Faserbündels durch einen Zugversuch an einem Faserbündel bei Raumtemperatur fest.
Dieser Teil der Europäischen Norm gilt für Bündel keramischer Endlosfasern, von denen angenom-men wird, dass sie unter Beanspruchung frei und unabhängig sind und sich bis zum Bruch linear-elastisch verhalten.
Céramiques techniques avancées - Céramiques composites - Méthodes d'essai pour les renforts - Partie 5 : Détermination de la distribution de la résistance en traction et de la déformation de traction à la rupture des filaments dans un fil à température ambiante
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les conditions de la détermination de la distribution de la résistance et de la déformation à la rupture des filaments céramiques dans un fil à température ambiante par un essai de traction unique réalisé sur un fil multi-filaments.
Elle s'applique aux fils constitués de filaments continus de céramique qui sont supposés se comporter librement et indépendamment les uns des autres lorsqu'ils sont soumis à une charge et de façon élastique linéaire jusqu'à la rupture.
Advanced technical ceramics - Ceramic composites - Methods of test for reinforcements - Part 5: Determination of distribution of tensile strength and of tensile strain to failure of filaments within a multifilament tow at ambient temperature
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 1007-5:2004
01-januar-2004
1DGRPHãþD
SIST ENV 1007-5:2000
Advanced technical ceramics - Ceramic composites - Methods of test for
reinforcements - Part 5: Determination of distribution of tensile strength and of
tensile strain to failure of filaments within a multifilament tow at ambient
temperature
Advanced technical ceramics - Ceramic composites - Methods of test for reinforcements
- Part 5: Determination of distribution of tensile strength and of tensile strain to failure of
filaments within a multifilament tow at ambient temperature
Hochleistungskeramik - Keramische Verbundwerkstoffe - Verfahren zur Prüfung von
Verstärkungen - Teil 5: Bestimmung der Verteilung von Zugfestigkeit und Zugdehnung
von Fasern im Faserbündel bei Raumtemperatur
Céramiques techniques avancées - Céramiques composites - Méthodes d'essai pour les
renforts - Partie 5 : Détermination de la distribution de la résistance en traction et de la
déformation de traction a la rupture des filaments dans un fil a température ambiante
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 1007-5:2003
ICS:
81.060.30 Sodobna keramika Advanced ceramics
SIST EN 1007-5:2004 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 1007-5
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2003
ICS 81.060.30 Supersedes ENV 1007-5:1998
English version
Advanced technical ceramics - Ceramic composites - Methods
of test for reinforcements - Part 5: Determination of distribution
of tensile strength and of tensile strain to failure of filaments
within a multifilament tow at ambient temperature
Céramiques techniques avancées - Céramiques Hochleistungskeramik - Keramische Verbundwerkstoffe -
composites - Méthodes d'essai pour les renforts - Partie 5: Verfahren zur Prüfung von Verstärkungen - Teil 5:
Détermination des distributions des résistances en traction Bestimmung der Verteilung von Zugfestigkeit und
et des déformations de traction à rupture des filaments Zugdehnung von Fasern im Faserbündel bei
dans un fil à température ambiante Raumtemperatur
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 February 2003.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2003 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 1007-5:2003 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
EN 1007-5:2003 (E)
Contents
page
Foreword.3
1 Scope .4
2 Normative references .4
3 Principle.4
4 Significance and use .4
5 Terms, definitions and symbols.5
6 Apparatus .6
7 Test specimen .7
8 Test specimen preparation .8
9 Test procedure .9
10 Calculation of results .12
11 Test report .17
Annex A (informative) Abstract of the Handbook of Mathematical Functions.18
Bibliography .20
2
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
EN 1007-5:2003 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN 1007-5:2003) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN /TC 184, "Advanced technical
ceramics", the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or
by endorsement, at the latest by October 2003, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest
by October 2003.
This document supersedes ENV 1007-5:1998.
EN 1007 has six parts:
Part 1 : Determination of size content
Part 2 : Determination of linear density
Part 3 : Determination of filament diameter
Part 4 : Determination of tensile properties of filament at ambient temperature
Part 5 : Determination of distribution of tensile strength and of tensile strain to failure of filaments within a
multifilament tow at ambient temperature
Part 6 : Determination of tensile properties of filament at high temperature
Annex A is informative.
This document includes a Bibliography.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,
Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
3
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
EN 1007-5:2003 (E)
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies the conditions for the determination of the distribution of strength and rupture
strain of ceramic filaments within a multifilament tow at room temperature by performing a single tensile test on a
multifilament tow.
This European Standard applies to tows of continuous ceramic filaments which are assumed to act freely and
independently under loading, and behave linearly elastic up to failure.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For
dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European
Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the
publication referred to applies (including amendments).
ENV 1007-2, Advanced technical ceramics - Ceramic composites - Methods of test for reinforcements - Part 2 :
Determination of linear density.
ENV 1007-4, Advanced technical ceramics - Ceramic composites - Methods of test for reinforcements - Part 4 :
Determination of tensile properties of filament at ambient temperature.
ENV 843-5, Advanced technical ceramics - Monolithic ceramics - Mechanical tests at room temperature – Part 5 :
Statistical analysis.
EN ISO 7500-1, Metallic materials - Verification of static uniaxial testing machines - Part 1 : Tension/compression
testing machines (ISO 7500-1:1999).
ISO 10119, Carbon fibre - Determination of density.
3 Principle
A multifilament tow is loaded in tension at a constant displacement rate up to rupture of all the filaments in the tow.
The force and displacement are measured and recorded. From the force-displacement curve the two-parameter
Weibull distribution of the rupture strain and of the strength of the filaments is obtained by sampling the non-linear
parts of the curve at discrete intervals j, which correspond to an increasing number of failed filaments in the tow.
The linear part of the force-displacement curve may be used to determine Young's modulus of the filament.
4 Significance and use
Because measurement of the displacement directly on the tow is difficult, it is usually obtained indirectly via a
compliance measurement which includes contributions of the loading train, of the grips, of the tabbing materials,
etc. These contributions have to be corrected for in the analysis. When it is possible to measure the tow elongation
directly (by using a suitable extensometer system) this correction is not needed. The calculation of the results in
clause 10 also applies in this case by setting the load train compliance equal to zero.
The evaluation method is based on an analysis of the non linear increasing and decreasing parts of the force-
displacement curve, which are caused by progressive filament failure during the test. The occurrence of these
stages is promoted by a higher stiffness of the loading and gripping system. When the force-displacement curve
does not show these non linear parts the evaluation method of this standard cannot be applied.
4
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
EN 1007-5:2003 (E)
The distribution of filament rupture strain does not depend on the number of filaments in the tow and is hence not
affected by the number of filaments which are broken before the test. The determination of the filament strength
distribution and of the elastic modulus requires knowledge of the initial cross sectional area of the tow. Because the
number of unbroken filaments within the tow prior to the test is usually unknown, the values for the filament
strength and for the elastic modulus necessarily represent lower bounds to these quantities. Also, the variation in
filament diameter, which affects the strength values, is not accounted for.
Because of the difference in the evaluation, the values of the Weibull modulus for the filament rupture strain and for
the filament strength are slightly different.
The Weibull parameters determined by this test method and extrapolated to the respective gauge length cannot be
compared directly with those obtained from tensile tests on monofilaments according to ENV 1007-4 because of
the large difference in test conditions.
5 Terms, definitions and symbols
For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms, definitions and symbols apply.
5.1
gauge length, L
0
initial distance between two reference points on the tow
NOTE Usually the gauge length is taken as the distance between the gripped ends of the tow.
5.2
initial cross section area, A
0
cross section area of the tow
5.3
tow elongation, DDL
increase of the gauge length between the two reference points during the tensile test
5.4
compliance
5.4.1
total compliance, C
t
ratio of the measured displacement to the corresponding force during the tensile test
5.4.2
load train compliance, C
l
ratio of the load train elongation, excluding the specimen contribution, to the corresponding force during the tensile
test
5.5
strain, e
ratio of the tow elongation DL to the gauge length L
0
5.6
filament rupture strain, e
r,j
strain at step j in the non linear parts of the force-displacement curve
5.7
filament strength, s
r,j
ratio of the tensile force to the cross section area of all unbroken filaments at step j in the non linear parts of the
force-displacement curve
5
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
EN 1007-5:2003 (E)
5.8
average filament strength, s
r
statistical average strength of the filaments in the tow for each test determined from the Weibull strength
distribution parameters of the filaments
5.9
mean filament strength, s
r
arithmetic mean of the average strengths
6 Apparatus
6.1 Tensile testing equipment
The test machine shall be equipped with a system for measuring the force applied to the specimen and the
displacement, or directly the tow elongation. The machine shall conform to grade 1 or better in EN ISO 7500-1. The
grips shall align the specimen with the direction of the force. Slipping of the specimen in the grips shall be
prevented.
NOTE The use of a displacement transducer placed at the ends of the grips (see Figure 1) should limit the contribution of
different parts of the load train to the measured displacement, and hence should increase the accuracy.
Key
1 Displacement transducer
2Grip
3 Test specimen
Figure 1
6.2 Data recording
A calibrated recorder shall be used to record force-displacement curves. The use of a digital data recording system
combined with an analogue recorder is recommended.
6
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
EN 1007-5:2003 (E)
7 Test specimen
7.1 General
Specimens with a gauge length of 200 mm shall be used to establish the filament strength and filament rupture
strain distributions. Specimens with gauge lengths of 100 mm and 300 mm shall be used to determine the load
train compliance. Examples of two types of test specimen are given below.
7.2 Window type specimen
A window type specimen is shown in Figure 2. A stretched tow is fixed between two identical sheets of material
each containing a central window. When the displacement is not measured directly on the tow, the height of the
window defines the gauge length.
NOTE This type of specimen has the advantage of easy handling.
side view
Key
1 Cardboard plates
2Tow
3Glue
4 Gripped end
5 Gauge length
Figure 2
7.3 Cylindrical end type specimen
A cylindrical end type specimen is shown in Figure 3. Both ends of a stretched tow are fixed in small diameter
cylindrical tubes. When the displacement is not measured directly on the tow, the distance between the inner ends
of the tubes with the tow in a stretched condition defines the gauge length.
Key
1Tube
2 Gauge length
Figure 3
7
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
EN 1007-5:2003 (E)
8 Test specimen preparation
8.1 General
Extreme care shall be taken during specimen preparation to ensure that the procedure is repeatable from
specimen to specimen. When a glue is used, the same type and the same bonding length shall be used for the
preparation of all test specimens of a given series. Specimens shall be handled with care to avoid breaking
filaments.
NOTE High repeatability in specimen preparation is required in order to allow a correct determination of the load train
compliance.
8.2 Window type specimen
An untwisted multifilament tow is glued between two identical plates made of cardboard or another suitable
material. The filaments shall be stretched. To achieve this, both ends of the two plates are well soaked by the glue,
then the tow is placed on the centreline of one of the plates under a small axial p
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.