EN 1836:2005

Personal eye-equipment - Sunglasses and sunglare filters for general use and filters for direct observation of the sun

This European Standard specifies physical properties (mechanical, optical etc.) for sunglasses and sunglare filters of nominal plano power which are not prescription lenses, intended for protection against solar radiation for general use, for social and domestic purposes, including road use and driving. This European Standard specifies also requirements for filters for the direct observation of the sun (e.g. during eclipses). Guidance for selection and use of these filters is given in Annex E. For sunglasses and sunglare filters for industrial use, EN 166 and EN 172 apply.
This European Standard does not apply to eyewear for protection against radiation from artificial light sources, such as those used in solaria. EN 170 applies for these filters.
This European Standard does not apply to ski goggles, for which EN 174 applies, or other types of eye protection used for leisure activities.
This European Standard does not apply to sunglasses and filters that have been medically prescribed for attenuating solar radiation.

Persönlicher Augenschutz - Sonnenbrillen und Sonnenschutzfilter für den allgemeinen Gebrauch und Filter für die direkte Beobachtung der Sonne

Dieses Dokument legt die physikalischen Eigenschaften (mechanische, optische usw.) von Sonnenbrillen und Sonnenschutzfiltern mit Nennbereich Null fest, die keine Korrektionsbrillengläser sind, welche zum Schutz gegen Sonnenstrahlung für den allgemeinen Gebrauch, den gesellschaftlichen sowie privaten Bereich, einschließlich Autofahren und Straßenverkehr vorgesehen sind. Außerdem legt dieses Dokument Anforderungen an Filter für die direkte Betrachtung der Sonne (z. B. während einer Sonnenfinsternis) fest. Ein Leitfaden für die Auswahl und Benutzung dieser Filter ist in Anhang E angegeben. Für Sonnenbrillen und Sonnenschutzfilter für den gewerblichen Gebrauch gelten EN 166 und EN 172.
Das vorliegende Dokument gilt nicht für den Schutz des Auges gegen die Strahlung künstlicher Lichtquellen, z. B. von Solarien. Diese Filter müssen EN 170 entsprechen.
Dieses Dokument gilt weder für Skibrillen, für die EN 174 gilt, noch für andere Augenschutzgeräte für Freizeitaktivitäten.
Ferner gilt dieses Dokument nicht für Sonnenbrillen und Filter, die aus medizinischen Gründen zur Dämpfung von Sonnenstrahlung verschrieben werden.

Équipement de protection individuelle de l'oeil - Lunettes solaires et filtres de protection contre les rayonnements solaires pour usage général et filtres pour observation directe du soleil

La présente Norme européenne spécifie les propriétés physiques (mécaniques, optiques, etc.) des lunettes et des filtres de protection contre les rayonnements solaires de puissance nominale nulle et qui ne sont pas des verres de prescription prévus pour l’usage général, privé ou public, y compris pour la conduite automobile et pour les usagers de la route. La présente Norme européenne spécifie également des exigences relatives aux filtres pour observation directe du soleil (par exemple au cours d’éclipses). L'Annexe E constitue un guide de sélection et d'utilisation de ces filtres. L'EN 166 et l'EN 172 sont applicables aux lunettes et aux filtres de protection contre les rayonnements solaires pour l'usage industriel.
La présente Norme européenne n'est pas applicable aux équipements de protection de l'oeil contre les rayonnements des sources de lumière artificielle, tels que ceux des solariums. L'EN 170 s'applique à ce type de filtres.
La présente Norme européenne n'est pas applicable aux masques pour le ski, pour lesquels l’EN 174 s’applique, ni aux autres types d'équipements de protection de l'oeil utilisés dans le cadre d'activités de loisirs.
La présente Norme européenne ne s'applique pas aux lunettes solaires et aux filtres permettant d'atténuer le rayonnement solaire médicalement prescrits.

Osebna oprema za varovanje oči – Sončna očala ter sončni filtri za splošno uporabo in filtri za neposredno opazovanje sonca

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 06-Sep-2005
• Withdrawal Date: 11-Sep-2007
• ICS: 13.340.20 - Head protective equipment
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 85 - Eye-protective equipment
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 85/WG 1 - Sunglare eye protectors
• Current Stage: 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
• Start Date: 12-Sep-2007
• Completion Date: 12-Sep-2007
• Directive: 89/686/EEC - Council Directive 89/686/EEC of 21 December 1989 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to personal protective equipment
• Mandate: M/BC/CEN/90/2 - Order for standardization concerning Personal Protective Equipment (P.P.E.)
• Ref Project: SIST EN 1836:2005 - Personal eye-equipment - Sunglasses and sunglare filters for general use and filters for direct observation of the sun

Relations

• Replaces: EN 1836:1997/A1:2001 - Personal eye protection - Sunglasses and sunglare filters for general use
• Effective Date: 22-Dec-2008
• Replaces: EN 1836:1997 - Personal eye protection - Sunglasses and sunglare filters for general use
• Effective Date: 22-Dec-2008
• Replaces: EN 1836:1997/A2:2003 - Personal eye protection - Sunglasses, sunglare filters for general use and filters for direct observation of the sun
• Effective Date: 22-Dec-2008
• Merged Into: EN 1836:2005+A1:2007 - Personal eye-equipment - Sunglasses and sunglare filters for general use and filters for direct observation of the sun
• Effective Date: 18-Jan-2023
• Corrected By: EN 1836:2005/AC:2006 - Personal eye-equipment - Sunglasses and sunglare filters for general use and filters for direct observation of the sun
• Effective Date: 22-Dec-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2005
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 1836:1998
SIST EN 1836:1998/A1:2001
SIST EN 1836:1998/A2:2004
2VHEQDRSUHPD]DYDURYDQMHRþL±6RQþQDRþDODWHUVRQþQLILOWUL]DVSORãQR
XSRUDERLQILOWUL]DQHSRVUHGQRRSD]RYDQMHVRQFD
Personal eye-equipment - Sunglasses and sunglare filters for general use and filters for
direct observation of the sun
Persönlicher Augenschutz - Sonnenbrillen und Sonnenschutzfilter für den allgemeinen
Gebrauch und Filter für die direkte Beobachtung der Sonne
Équipement de protection individuelle de l'oeil - Lunettes solaires et filtres de protection
contre les rayonnements solaires pour usage général et filtres pour observation directe
du soleil
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 1836:2005
ICS:
13.340.20 Varovalna oprema za glavo Head protective equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 1836
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
September 2005
ICS 13.340.20 Supersedes EN 1836:1997
English Version
Personal eye-equipment - Sunglasses and sunglare filters for
general use and filters for direct observation of the sun
Équipement de protection individuelle de l'oeil - Lunettes Persönlicher Augenschutz - Sonnenbrillen und
solaires et filtres de protection contre les rayonnements Sonnenschutzfilter für den allgemeinen Gebrauch und Filter
solaires pour usage général et filtres pour observation für die direkte Beobachtung der Sonne
directe du soleil
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 July 2005.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 1836:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents
Page
Foreword .3
1 Scope .4
2 Normative references .4
3 Terms and definitions.5
4 Filter requirements.9
4.1 Transmittance .9
4.2 Optical power of oculars .13
4.3 Scattered light .14
4.4 Material and surface quality.15
4.5 Robustness .15
4.6 Resistance to radiation.15
4.7 Ignition.16
5 Requirements for complete sunglasses (frames with filters).16
5.1 General .16
5.2 General construction .16
5.3 Mechanical requirements .16
5.4 Ignition.16
5.5 Materials for the manufacture of complete sunglasses.17
6 Testing .17
6.1 General .17
6.2 Transmittance .17
6.3 Optical power values .22
6.4 Scattered light .22
6.5 Material and surface quality.22
6.6 Robustness .23
6.7 Resistance to radiation.23
6.8 Ignition.24
6.9 Conditioning and test conditions for complete sunglasses.24
6.10 Test for mechanical requirements for complete sunglasses .25
7 Information and labelling.27
7.1 General .27
7.2 Complete sunglasses .27
7.3 Uncut finished lenses and replacement lenses (unmounted sunglass filters) .29
7.4 Transmittance or reflectance claims .29
7.5 Robustness claims .29
Annex A (normative) Cut-on filter for UV filtering .30
Annex B (normative) Spectral functions for the calculation of luminous transmittance and
relative visual attenuation coefficients (quotients) .32
Annex C (normative) Spectral functions for the calculation of solar UV transmittance values and

blue-light transmittance .34
Annex D (normative) Spectral function for the calculation of infrared transmittance.36
Annex E (informative) Use of sunglare filters.38
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 89/686/EEC.41
Bibliography.43

Foreword
This European Standard (EN 1836:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 85 “Eye-
protective equipment”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by March 2006.
This European Standard supersedes EN 1836:1997.
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive.
For relationship with EU Directive, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this European
Standard.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland
and United Kingdom.
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies physical properties (mechanical, optical etc.) for sunglasses and sunglare
filters of nominal plano power which are not prescription lenses, intended for protection against solar radiation
for general use, for social and domestic purposes, including road use and driving. This European Standard
specifies also requirements for filters for the direct observation of the sun (e.g. during eclipses). Guidance for
selection and use of these filters is given in Annex E. For sunglasses and sunglare filters for industrial use,
EN 166 and EN 172 apply.
This European Standard does not apply to eyewear for protection against radiation from artificial light sources,
such as those used in solaria. EN 170 applies for these filters.
This European Standard does not apply to ski goggles, for which EN 174 applies, or other types of eye
protection used for leisure activities.
This European Standard does not apply to sunglasses and filters that have been medically prescribed for
attenuating solar radiation.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this European Standard. For
dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 165:1995, Personal eye protection - Vocabulary
EN 166:2001, Personal eye protection - Specifications
EN 167:2001, Personal eye protection - Optical test methods
EN 168:2001, Personal eye protection - Non-optical test methods
EN 1811, Reference test method for release of nickel from products intended to come into direct and
prolonged contact with the skin
ENV 14027, Method for the simulation of wear before the detection of nickel release from coated metal and
combination spectacle frames
CIE 85:1989, Solar spectral irradiance
ISO 8624:2002, Ophthalmic optics -- Spectacle frames -- Measuring system and terminology
ISO/CIE 10526:1999, CIE standard illuminants for colorimetry
ISO/CIE 10527:1991, CIE standard colorimetric observers
IEC 60050-845:1987, International Electrotechnical vocabulary – Lighting
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 165:1995 and IEC 60050-
845:1987 and the following apply.
3.1
absorptance (absorption)
absorptance is the difference 1 minus transmittance minus reflectance
NOTE Some manufacturers use the term absorption and specify the value of the absorption as the difference 1
minus the luminous transmittance.
3.2
degree of polarisation, P
defined as:
τ −τ
pmax pmin
P =
τ +τ
pmax pmin
where
τ is the maximum values of luminous transmittance as determined with linearly polarised radiation;
pmax
τ is the minimum values of luminous transmittance as determined with linearly polarised radiation.
pmin
3.3
luminous transmittance of photochromic sunglare filters
five different values of the luminous transmittance of photochromic sunglare filters are defined by this
European Standard:
τ luminous transmittance in the faded state as reached at 23 °C after specified
conditioning;
luminous transmittance in the darkened state as reached at 23 °C after specified
τ
irradiation simulating mean outdoor conditions;
luminous transmittance in the darkened state as reached at 5 °C after specified
τ
w
irradiation simulating outdoor conditions at low temperatures;
τ luminous transmittance in the darkened state as reached at 35 °C after specified
s
irradiation simulating outdoor conditions at high temperatures;
luminous transmittance in the darkened state as reached at 23 °C after specified
τ
a
irradiation simulating reduced light conditions.

3.4
photochromic range, R
p
range given by the ratio of the difference of the luminous transmittance in the faded state τ and the luminous
transmittance in the darkened state τ to the luminous transmittance in the faded state τ :
τ − τ
0 1
R =
p
τ
3.5
photochromic sunglare filter
filter that reversibly alters its luminous transmittance under the influence of sunlight
NOTE This alteration is not instantaneous, but is a function of a temperature and material dependent time constant.
In this way, the luminous transmittance of the filter adjusts itself within certain limits to the ambient radiant flux.
3.6
polarising sunglare filter
filter of which transmittance is dependent on the polarisation of the radiation
NOTE Polarising sunglare filters have a preferred plane of polarisation. The plane of polarisation is determined by the
transmission direction and the magnetic vector of the transmitted electromagnetic wave.
3.7
reference points
reference points of eye-protectors with afocal lenses are defined in EN 167:2001 by the points where the two
light bundles are passing through the oculars, unless the manufacturer specifies different ones (e.g. in the
case of frames for children). The boxed centre (see Figure 5) of the ocular takes the place of the reference
point if this is not known and cannot be determined by using this method
3.8
relative visual attenuation coefficient (quotient) for signal light recognition
quotient Q is defined as:
τ
sign
Q =
τ
v
where
is the luminous transmittance of the sunglare filter for CIE standard illuminant D 65. See
τ
v
ISO/CIE 10526;
is the luminous transmittance of the sunglare filter for the spectral power distribution of the
τ
sign
traffic signal light.
These are given by the equations:
780 nm
τ ()λ ⋅V()λ ⋅ S (λ)⋅ dλ
F D65λ
∫
380 nm
τ =
v
780 nm
V()λ ⋅ S (λ)⋅ dλ
D65λ
∫
380 nm
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where
is the spectral distribution of radiation of CIE standard illuminant A (or 3200 K light
S (λ)
Aλ
source for blue signal light). See: ISO/CIE 10526;
is the spectral distribution of radiation of CIE standard illuminant D 65. See:
S (λ)
D65λ
ISO/CIE 10526:1991;
is the spectral luminous efficiency for daylight vision. See: ISO/CIE 10527;
V(λ)
is the spectral transmittance of the traffic signal lens;
τ (λ)
S
is the spectral transmittance of the sunglare filter.
τ (λ)
F
The spectral values of the products of the spectral distributions (S (λ), S (λ)) of the illuminants, the
Aλ D65λ
spectral luminous efficiency V(λ) of the eye and the spectral transmittance τ (λ) of the traffic signal lenses
S
are given in Annex B.
3.9
solar blue-light transmittance ττ
ττ
sb
mean of the spectral transmittance between 380 nm and 500 nm weighted with the solar radiation E (λ) at
sλ
sea level for air mass 2 and the blue-light hazard function B(λ). The complete weighting function is the
product of both:
WB (λ) = E (λ) × B(λ)
λ sλ
The values of these functions are given in Annex C and may be interpolated where necessary. The definition
of τ is the following:
sb
500nm 500nm
τ (λ)⋅ E ()λ ⋅ B()λ ⋅dλ τ ()λ ⋅WB ()λ ⋅dλ
F sλ F λ
∫ ∫
380nm 380nm
τ = =
sb
500nm 500nm
E ()λ ⋅ B(λ)⋅dλ WB ()λ ⋅dλ
sλ λ
∫ ∫
380nm 380nm
3.10
solar luminous reflectance ρρρρ
v
ratio ρ of the luminous flux reflected by the filter to the incident flux. The basis for calculation this is the
v
spectral luminous efficiency V(λ). The values of the spectral luminous efficiency V(λ) are given in
ISO/CIE 10527
780nm
ρ(λ)⋅ S (λ)⋅V (λ)⋅dλ
D65λ
∫
380nm
ρ =
v
780nm
S (λ)⋅V (λ)⋅dλ
D65λ
∫
380nm
where
ρ(λ) is the spectral reflectance of the filter at wavelength λ.
3.11
solar infrared transmittance ττττ
SIR
transmittance τ obtained by integration between the limits 780 nm and 2 000 nm based on the solar
SIR
spectral distribution of radiation E (λ) at sea level for air mass 2. The values of E (λ) are given in Annex D
sλ sλ
2000 nm
τ ()λ ⋅ E (λ)⋅dλ
F sλ
∫
780 nm
τ =
SIR
2000 nm
E ()λ ⋅dλ
sλ
∫
780 nm
3.12
solar UV-transmittance ττττ
SUV
mean of the spectral transmittance between 280 nm and 380 nm weighted with the solar radiation E (λ) at
sλ
sea level for air mass 2 and the relative spectral effectiveness function for UV radiation S(λ). The complete
weighting function is the product of both : W(λ) = E (λ) × S(λ) . The weighting functions are given in Annex C.
sλ
The definition of τ is the following:
SUV
380 nm 380 nm
τ ()λ ⋅ E (λ)⋅ S()λ ⋅ dλ τ ()λ ⋅W (λ)⋅dλ
F sλ F λ
∫ ∫
280 nm 280 nm
τ = =
SUV
380 nm 380 nm
E ()λ ⋅ S(λ)⋅ dλ W ()λ ⋅ dλ
sλ λ
∫ ∫
280 nm 280 nm
3.13
ττ
solar UVA-transmittance ττ
SUVA
mean of the spectral transmittance between 315 nm and 380 nm weighted with the solar radiation E (λ) at
sλ
sea level for air mass 2 and the relative spectral effectiveness function for UV radiation S(λ). The complete
weighting function is the product of both: W(λ) = E (λ) × S(λ) The weighting functions are given in Annex C.
sλ
The definition of τ is as follows:
SUVA
380nm 380nm
τ ()λ ⋅ E (λ)⋅ S()λ ⋅dλ τ ()λ ⋅W (λ)⋅dλ
F sλ F λ
∫ ∫
315nm 315nm
τ = =
SUVA
380nm 380nm
() ( ) ()
E λ ⋅ S λ ⋅dλ W λ ⋅dλ
sλ λ
∫ ∫
315nm 315nm
3.14
solar UVB-transmittance ττττ
SUVB
mean of the spectral transmittance between 280 nm and 315 nm weighted with the solar radiation E (λ) at
sλ
sea level for air mass 2 and the relative spectral effectiveness function for UV radiation S(λ). The complete
weighting function is the product of both: W(λ) = E (λ) × S(λ) . The weighting functions are given in Annex C.
sλ
The definition of τ is as follows:
SUVB
315nm 315nm
τ ()λ ⋅ E ()λ ⋅ S(λ)⋅dλ τ ()λ ⋅W ()λ ⋅dλ
F sλ F λ
∫ ∫
280nm 280nm
τ = =
SUVB 315nm 315nm
E ()λ ⋅ S(λ)⋅dλ W ()λ ⋅dλ
sλ λ
∫ ∫
280nm 280nm
4 Filter requirements
4.1 Transmittance
4.1.1 General
For the determination of the transmittance values see 6.2.
4.1.2 Transmittance and filter categories
Sunglare filters for general use shall be attributed to five filter categories, where category 0 applies only to
photochromic filters in the faded state, to gradient filters with a luminous transmittance > 80 % at the reference
point, and to filters that have a luminous transmittance > 80 %, but where a specific protection against any
part of the solar spectrum is claimed. The range of the luminous transmittance of these five categories is given
by the values in Table 1. An overlap of the transmittance values shall be not more than ± 2 % (absolute)
between the categories 0, 1, 2 and 3 except for gradient lenses, where the double value is permitted for the
above specified categories.
If the supplier declares a luminous transmittance value, the limit deviation for this value shall be ± 3 %
absolute for the transmittance values falling in categories 0 to 3 and ± 30 % relative to the stated value for the
transmittance values falling in category 4.
When describing the transmittance properties of photochromic filters, two categories for transmittance values
are generally used. These two values correspond to the faded state and to the darkened state of the filter.
In the case of gradient filters the transmittance value at the reference point shall be used to characterise the
luminous transmittance and the category of the filter.
Table 1 specifies also the UV requirements for sunglare filters for general use.
Sunglare filters for which enhanced infrared absorption is claimed, shall meet the requirements of the last
column of Table 1.
Table 1 — Transmittance for sunglare filters for general use
Filter Requirements
category
Ultraviolet spectral range Visible spectral range Enhanced
infrared
a
absorption
Maximum value of Maximum Range of luminous Maximum value
spectral value of solar transmittance of solar infrared
transmittance UVA transmittance
transmittance
τ (λ) τ
F SUVA
τ τ
v SIR
280 nm over 315 nm from to
315 nm over
to 315 nm to 380 nm
to 350 nm % %
0  80,0 100
1 43,0 80,0
τ τ τ
v v
v
0,1 × τ
2  18,0 43,0
v
3 8,00 18,0
0,5 × τ 0,5 × τ
v v
4  3,00 8,00
a
Only applicable to sunglare filters recommended by the manufacturer as a protection against infrared radiation.

4.1.3 General transmittance requirements
4.1.3.1 Uniformity of luminous transmittance
Apart from a marginal zone 5 mm wide, the relative difference in the luminous transmittance value between
any two points of the filter within a circle 40 mm in diameter around the reference point, or to the edge of the
filter less the marginal zone 5 mm wide, whichever is greater, shall not be greater than 10 % (relative to the
higher value), except for category 4 where it shall not be greater than 20 %.
The boxed centre takes the place of the reference point if this is not known.
In the case of gradient filters, this requirement applies in a section perpendicular to the gradient.
In the case of mounted gradient filters, this requirement applies in a section parallel to the connection line of
the two reference points.
For mounted filters the relative difference between the luminous transmittance value of the filters at the visual
centre for the right and left eye shall not exceed 20 % (relative to the lighter filter).
Changes of luminous transmittance that are caused by thickness variations due to the design of the lens are
permitted.
4.1.3.2 Requirements for road use and driving
4.1.3.2.1 General
Filters suitable for road use and driving shall be of categories 0, 1, 2 or 3 and shall additionally meet the
following two requirements.
4.1.3.2.2 Spectral transmittance
For wavelengths between 500 nm and 650 nm the spectral transmittance of filters suitable for road use and
driving shall be not less than 0,2 × τ .
v
4.1.3.2.3 Recognition of signal lights
The relative visual attenuation coefficient (quotient) Q of filters of categories 0, 1, 2 and 3 suitable for driving
and road use shall be not less than 0,80 for red and yellow signal lights, not less than 0,40 for the blue signal
light and not less than 0,60 for the green signal light.
4.1.4 Special transmittance requirements
4.1.4.1 Photochromic filters
The category of a photochromic filter shall be determined by its luminous transmittance in its faded state τ

and its luminous transmittance in its darkened state τ achieved after 15 min irradiation according to 6.2.3.1.

In both states, the requirements specified in 4.1.2 and 4.1.3 shall be met.
τ
For photochromic filters shall be ≥ 1,25.
τ
4.1.4.2 Polarising filters
Where sunglasses are fitted with polarising filters, these shall be fitted in the frame so that the plane of
polarisation does not deviate from the horizontal direction by more than ± 5°. The misalignment between the
plane of polarisation of the left and right filters shall not be greater than 6°.
The plane of polarisation of uncut polarising sunglare filter shall be marked.
For polarising filters, the ratio of the luminous transmittance values parallel and perpendicular to the plane of
polarisation shall be greater than 8:1 for filter categories 2, 3, 4 and greater than 4:1 for category 1.
4.1.4.3 Gradient filters
Gradient Filters shall meet the transmittance requirements within a 10 mm radius circle, around the reference
point.
The filter category of gradient filters shall be determined by the luminous transmittance value at the reference
point. The filter category determined at the reference point shall be used to define if the filters are suitable for
road use and driving, according to 4.1.3.2.
4.1.4.4 Filters and eye protectors for the direct observation of the sun
The transmittance requirements and filter categories of filters for the direct observation of the sun are given in
Table 2.
Table 2 — Transmittance requirements for filters for the direct observation of the sun
Requirements
Ultraviolet spectral range Visible spectral range Infrared spectral
range
280 nm to 315 nm to Range of luminous
315 nm 380 nm transmittance τ
Filter v
Maximum value
category
of solar infrared
Maximum value Maximum value from to
transmittance
of spectral of solar UVA under
τ
transmittance τ  transmittance τ SIR

τ (λ ) τ
F SUVA
% % %
E12 0,003 2 0,001 2
E13 0,001 2 0,000 44
E14 0,000 τ τ 44 0,000 16 3
v v
E15 0,000 16 0,000 061
E16 0,000 061 0,000 023
In addition to the filter requirements of Table 2, only the following paragraphs of this European Standard apply
to filters for the direct observation of the sun: 4.1.3.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 and 4.7. Frames shall comply with the
requirements of 5.3 and 5.4.
NOTE The frame should hold the filters securely in front of the eyes.
4.1.5 Claimed transmittance and reflectance properties
4.1.5.1 General
In the case where specific transmittance or reflectance values are claimed, these claims shall be in
accordance with 4.1.5.2, 4.1.5.3, and 4.1.5.4.
4.1.5.2 Blue-light-absorption/transmittance
4.1.5.2.1 Blue-light-absorption
In the case where it is claimed that a filter has x % blue-light-absorption, the solar-blue-light-transmittance τ
sb
of the filter shall not exceed (100,5 - x) %.
4.1.5.2.2 Blue-light-transmittance
In the case where it is claimed that a filter has less than x % blue-light-transmittance, the solar blue-light-
transmittance τ of the filter shall not exceed (x + 0,5) %.
sb
For the calculation of the blue-light-transmittance the values of Annex C shall be used.
4.1.5.3 Absorption and transmittance in the UV spectral range
Requirements for the transmittance of filters for sunglasses in UVA and UVB shall be as given in Table 1. In
cases where it is claimed that a product reaches a certain percentage of UV-absorption or UV-transmittance,
the corresponding requirements shall apply.
4.1.5.3.1 UV-absorption
In cases where it is claimed that a filter has x % UV-absorption, the solar UV-transmittance of the filter τ
SUV
shall not exceed (100,5 - x) %.
4.1.5.3.2 UV-transmittance
In the case where it is claimed that a filter has less than x % UV-transmittance, the solar UV-transmittance of
the filter τ shall not exceed (x + 0,5) %.
SUV
4.1.5.3.3 UVA-absorption
In the case where it is claimed that a filter has x % UVA-absorption, the solar UVA-transmittance of the filter
τ shall not exceed (100,5 - x) %.
SUVA
4.1.5.3.4 UVA-transmittance
In the case where it is claimed that a filter has less than x % UVA-transmittance, the solar UVA-transmittance
of the filter τ shall not exceed (x + 0,5) %.

SUVA
4.1.5.3.5 UVB-absorption
In the case where it is claimed that a filter has x % UVB-absorption, the solar UVB-transmittance of the filter
τ shall not exceed (100,5 - x) %.
SUVB
4.1.5.3.6 UVB-transmittance
In the case where it is claimed that a filter has less than x % UVB-transmittance, the solar UVB-transmittance
of the filter τ shall not exceed (x + 0,5) %.

SUVB
4.1.5.4 Anti-reflection treated sunglasses
In the case where sunglasses are claimed to be anti-reflection treated, the solar luminous reflectance ρ of the
v
filter as measured from the eye-side of the filter shall be less than 2,5 %.
4.2 Optical power of oculars
4.2.1 Unmounted oculars covering one eye
The permissible optical power values are given in Table 3. The values of columns 2 and 3 shall be adhered to
for any position of the measuring field midpoint within a 10 mm radius circle around the reference point. The
values in column 4 are only to be adhered to at the reference point.
Testing is carried out in accordance with 6.3.
Table 3 — Optical power values of unmounted, nominally plano power filters
Optical Spherical power Astigmatic power Prismatic power
class
Mean value of the optical power Absolute difference of the
values in the two principal optical power values in the

meridians two principal meridians

(D + D ) / 2 ID - D I
1 2 1 2
-1 -1
a a
b
m , dioptres m , dioptres cm/m, prism dioptres
0,09 0,12
± 0,09
2 0,12 0,25
± 0,12
-1
a
In ophthalmology and optometry the numerical equal unit dioptre is used for the unit of the refractive power m .
b
In ophthalmology and optometry the numerical equal unit prism dioptre is used for the unit of the prismatic power cm/m.

4.2.2 Oculars mounted in spectacles and unmounted filters covering both eyes
The maximum optical power values shall be as given in Table 4. The values in columns 2 and 3 shall be
adhered to for each position of the measuring field midpoint within a 10 mm radius circle around the visual
centres. The values in columns 4, 5 and 6 shall be adhered to at the visual centres.
Testing is carried out in accordance with 6.3.
Table 4 — Optical power values of nominally afocal filters mounted in spectacles
Optical Spherical power Astigmatic power Difference in
class prismatic power
Mean value of the optical Absolute difference of the
power values in the two optical power values in the
principal meridians two principal meridians
horizontal vertical
(D + D ) / 2 ID - D I Base Base
1 2 1 2
out in
-1 -1
cm/m, cm/m, cm/m,
m , dioptres m , dioptres
prism prism prism
dioptres dioptres dioptres
1 0,09 0,75 0,25 0,25
± 0,09
2 0,12 1,00 0,25 0,25
± 0,12
4.3 Scattered light
When tested as described in Clause 4 of EN 167:2001 at the reference point, the reduced luminous coefficient
of the filters in the new state, i.e. at the time of placing on the market, shall not exceed the value of:
0,65 (cd/m²) / lx.
4.4 Material and surface quality
When viewed with the naked eye - without magnification, with corrective lenses if necessary - from a distance
of 30 cm in front of a bright/dark boundary, except in a marginal area 5 mm wide, sunglare filters shall have no
material or machining defects within an area of 30 mm diameter around the reference point that may impair
vision, e.g., bubbles, scratches, inclusions, dull spots, pitting, mould marks, notches, reinforced points, specks,
beads, water specks, pocking, gas inclusions, splintering, cracks, polishing defects or undulations. Single
defects outside this area are permissible (see 6.5).
4.5 Robustness
4.5.1 Minimum robustness
When tested as specified in 6.6.1, none of the defects described in 7.1.4.1 of EN 166:2001 shall appear on
sunglare filters:
a) ocular fracture: An ocular is considered to have fractured if it cracks through its entire thickness into two
or more pieces, or if more than 5 mg of the ocular material becomes detached from the surface away
from the one struck by the ball, or if the ball passes through the ocular;
b) ocular deformation: An ocular is considered to have been deformed if a mark appears on the white paper
on the opposite side to that struck by the ball.
4.5.2 Oculars with enhanced robustness (optional specification)
When tested as described in 6.6.2, sunglare filters shall not fracture. If this requirement is met, tests according
to 6.6.1 are not necessary.
4.5.3 Further claims (optional specification)
In the case that higher levels of impact resistance are claimed, sunglare filters shall meet the relevant
requirements of EN 166.
4.6 Resistance to radiation
Following the procedure as specified in 6.7, the relative change in luminous transmittance
'
∆∆∆∆ττττ /ττττ ==== (ττττ −−−− ττττ ) /ττττ , where τ ´ is the luminous transmittance after and τ is the luminous transmittance
v v
v v v v
before radiation treatment, shall be less or equal than the limits as given by Table 5.
Table 5 — Permitted relative change in luminous transmittance after the test for resistance to radiation
Filter Relative change in
category luminous transmittance
∆τ /τ
v
± 3%
± 5%
± 8%
3 ± 10%
± 10%
Following additional requirements shall be complied with also after the irradiation process:
 reduced scattered light coefficient shall not exceed the limit value of 0,65 (cd/m )/lx;
 in case of photochromic filters τ / τ shall be ≥ 1,25;
0 1
 requirements for the ultraviolet spectral range for τ as given by Table 1 shall be complied with;
v
 any claimed transmittance requirement and reflection property shall be met.
4.7 Ignition
When tested as described in 6.8, sunglare filters shall not ignite or continue to glow after removal of the steel
rod.
5 Requirements for complete sunglasses (frames with filters)
5.1 General
This clause defines the minimum requirements for complete sunglasses (fitted with filters), and applies to
products ready to be sold to the public.
5.2 General construction
Sunglasses shall be free from projections, sharp edges or other defects which are likely to cause discomfort or
injury during intended use.
5.3 Mechanical requirements
5.3.1 Minimum robustness
When tested according to 6.10, the frame fitted with filters shall not:
a) fracture at any point;
b) be permanently deformed from the original position by more than ± 2 % of the distance between the
reference points of the frame; and
c) neither filter shall be displaced from the frame.
5.3.2 Enhanced robustness (optional specification)
When tested as described in 6.6.2, sunglare filters shall not fracture.
5.3.3 Further claims (optional specification)
In the case that higher levels of impact resistance are claimed, sunglasses shall meet the relevant
requirements of EN 166.
5.4 Ignition
When sunglasses are tested in accordance with 6.8, there shall be no continued combustion after withdrawal
of the test rod.
5.5 Materials for the manufacture of complete sunglasses
The manufacturer shall exclude from contact with the skin any materials that are known to cause irritation,
allergic or toxic reaction during wear to skin in a normal state of health amongst a significant proportion of
users.
NOTE Reactions may be generated by excessive pressure, chemical irritation or allergy. Rare or idiosyncratic
reactions may occur to any material and may indicate the need for the individual to avoid particular types of frames.
Those parts of metal and combination spectacle frames that come into direct and prolonged contact with the
skin of the wearer shall have a nickel release of less than 0,5 µg/cm /week when tested according to
EN 1811.
Before testing, parts of coated metal and combination spectacle frames that come into direct and prolonged
contact with the skin shall be subject to the method described in ENV 14027 for accelerated wear to simulate
two years use.
6 Testing
6.1 General
This clause specifies test methods for sunglasses and sunglare filters for general use. Alternative test
methods may be used if shown to be equivalent.
6.2 Transmittance
Test methods for the determination of transmittance shall be used which have, at a confidence level of 95 %,
relative uncertainties less than or equal to those given in Table 6.
Table 6 — Relative uncertainty permissible for transmittance measurements at a confidence level of
95 %
Transmittance value Relative uncertainty
from to over
% % %
100 17,8
± 5
17,8 0,44
± 10
0,44 0,023
± 15
6.2.1 Transmittance and reflectance
6.2.1.1 Luminous transmittance
The spectral distribution of standard illuminant D 65 and the standard spectral values of the colorimetric 2°
standard observer CIE 1931 according to ISO/CIE 10526:1991 shall be used to determine the luminous
transmittance. The product of the spectral distribution of standard illuminant D 65 and the standard spectral
values of the colorimetric 2° standard observer CIE 1931 according to ISO/CIE 10526:1991 shall be as given
in Annex B. Linear interpolation of these values for steps smaller than 10 nm is permissible.
6.2.1.2 Infrared transmittance
The infrared transmittance τ shall be calculated from the spectral transmittance values using the solar

SIR
spectral irradiance as given in Annex D.
6.2.1.3 UV-transmittance
When calculating the solar UVA-transmittance τ from 315 nm to 380 nm or the solar UVB-transmittance

SUVA
τ from 280 nm to 315 nm, the step width shall not exceed 5 nm and the weighting functions of Annex C
SUVB
shall be used.
6.2.1.4 Eye-side reflectance
The spectral distribution of standard illuminant D65 and the standard spectral values of the colorimetric 2°
standard observer CIE 1931 according to ISO/CIE 10526:1991 shall be used to determine the luminous
reflectance. The product of the spectral distribution of standard illuminant D 65 and the standard spectral
values of the colorimetric 2° standard observer CIE 1931 according to ISO/CIE 10527:1991 shall be as given
in Annex B. Linear interpolation of these values for steps smaller than 10 nm is permissible.
6.2.2 General transmittance requirements
6.2.2.1 Uniformity of luminous transmittance
A 5 mm maximum diameter field shall be used for the measurement. The measurement shall be executed
with a light bundle parallel to the visual axis in the measurement area specified in 4.1.3.1 around the reference
point.
6.2.2.2 Recognition of signal lights
When calculating the value of Q from the spectral measurements, the values in Annex B shall be used. Linear
interpolation of these values for steps smaller than 10 nm is permissible.
6.2.3 Special transmission requirements
The following measurement requirements shall be met for filters with special properties.
6.2.3.1 Photochromic sunglare filters
6.2.3.1.1 Conditioning
Unless the manufacturer specifies a different procedure to reach the faded state in the information supplied
with the product, photochromic filters shall be conditioned by the following procedure.
Store samples in the dark at (65 ± 5) °C for (2 ± 0,2) h. Then store in the dark at (23 ± 5) °C for at least 12 h.
6.2.3.1.2 Measurement
NOTE Most photochromic materials respond to normal room lighting and all measurements should therefore be
made in absence of extraneous light.
WARNING — Care should be taken to ensure that the radiation used for the measurements does not
cause darkening or bleaching of the sample.
In order to test the variability of the transmittance, a source simulating daylight shall be used. It should
approximate as closely as practicable to the spectral distribution of solar radiation for air mass m = 2 (P. Moon,
Journal of the Franklin Institute, Vol. 230 (1940), pp 583-617, see also CIE 85:1989, Table 7 for the spectral
distribution of solar radiation) at an illuminance of (50 000 ± 5 000) lux, respecting the values given in Table 8.
Testing shall be done with a Xenon high pressure lamp with filters chosen so that the specified illuminance of
(50 000 ± 5 000) lux and the irradiance values given in Table 7 are reached. The permissible tolerances of the
irradiance values are also given in Table 7.
Table 7 — Irradiance for testing the darkened state of photochromic lenses
Wavelength range Irradiance Tolerance
nm W/m W/m²
300-340 < 2,5 -
340-380 5,6 ± 1,5
380-420 12 ± 3
420-460 20 ± 3
460-500 26,0 ± 2,6
The luminous transmittance values of photochromic filters defined in 4.1.4.1 and for the special conditions of
use in Annex E.5 are determined for the conditions given in Table 8.
Where testing at 15 000 lx is specified, the irradiance values and the permissible tolerances of these values
are those given in Table 7, but multiplied by a factor 0,3.
The surface temperature of the filter shall be maintained within ± 1 °C of the required temperature (see
Table 8).
NOTE Darkening may be carried out in a water bath. However, since immersion of the specimen in water reduces
the reflectivity of the surface thereby increasing the measured transmittance relative to the transmittance values that would
be measured in air, the transmittance values determined using water immersion need correction to yield the equivalent air
values. Calibration of the equipment may be checked using a test sample with a refractive index deviating by not more
than ± 0,01 from the refractive index of the sample.
Table 8 — Measurement conditions for the different luminous transmittance values
Luminous transmittance value Surface temperature of the Illumination at the surface of
(see Clause 3) test specimen the sample
°C lux
0 (faded state)
τ (23 ± )1
τ (23 ± 1) 50 000 ± 5 000
τ (5 ± 1) 50 000 ± 5 000
w
τ (35 ± 1) 50 000 ± 5 000
s
τ (23 ± 1) 15 000 ± 1 500
a
NOTE These measurement conditions are also recommended for additional data, such as time constant for example.

The requirements of 4.1.2 and 4.1.3 shall be met in the faded state and after irradiation for 15 min.
6.2.3.1.3 Method to approximate the spectral distribution of solar radiation for air mass m = 2 using
1 lamp
Use an ozone free high pressure xenon arc lamp, a heat absorbing filter and a cut-on filter as specified in
Figure 1.
1)
A commercial apparatus for simulation of solar radiation is the ORIEL Air mass 2 .
NOTE The use of mirrors or lenses in the optical system for irradiation of photochromic samples may change the
spectral distribution of the xenon lamp.

Key
a) wavelength in nm
b) spectral transmittance
Figure 1 — Spectral transmittance of the combination of the heat absorbing filter and the cut-on filter
for the measurem
...