EN ISO 3690:2000
(Main)Welding and allied processes - Determination of hydrogen content in ferritic arc weld metal (ISO 3690:2000)
Welding and allied processes - Determination of hydrogen content in ferritic arc weld metal (ISO 3690:2000)
This International Standard specifies the sampling and analytical procedure for the determination of diffusible and residual hydrogen in weld metal arising from the welding of ferritic steel using arc welding processes with filler metal.
Schweißen und verwandte Prozesse - Bestimmung des diffusiblen Wasserstoffgehaltes im ferritischen Schweißgut (ISO/FDIS 3690:2000)
Diese Internationale Norm legt Anforderungen für das Verfahren der Probennahme und der Analyse zur Bestimmung der diffusiblen und residuellen Wasserstoffes im Schweißgut ferritischer Stähle fest, das durch Lichtbogenschweißen mit Schweißzusatz hergestellt wurde. Das Auffangen des Wasserstoffes nach der Quecksilber-Methode gilt als Referenzverfahren.
Soudage et techniques connexes - Détermination de la teneur en hydrogène dans la métal fondu pour le soudage à l'arc des aciers ferritiques (ISO 3690:2000)
La présente Norme internationale spécifie le mode opératoire d'échantillonnage et d'analyse pour la détermination de l'hydrogène diffusible et résiduel dans le métal fondu ferritique résultant du soudage d'aciers ferritiques avec des procédés de soudage à l'arc avec métal d'apport. La captation de l'hydrogène sur mercure est la méthode de référence. A condition que les dimensions de l'éprouvette soient maintenues dans les limites imposées par la taille de l'assemblage d'essai, les variations des paramètres de soudage sont autorisées afin d'étudier leurs influences sur la teneur en hydrogène de la soudure. Les techniques décrites dans la présente Norme internationale constituent une méthode de référence qu'il convient d'utiliser en cas de litige.
Varjenje in sorodni postopki - Določevanje vodika v feritnih obločnih varih (ISO 3690:2000)
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2001
9DUMHQMHLQVRURGQLSRVWRSNL'RORþHYDQMHYRGLNDYIHULWQLKREORþQLKYDULK ,62
Welding and allied processes - Determination of hydrogen content in ferritic arc weld
metal (ISO 3690:2000)
Schweißen und verwandte Prozesse - Bestimmung des diffusiblen Wasserstoffgehaltes
im ferritischen Schweißgut (ISO/FDIS 3690:2000)
Soudage et techniques connexes - Détermination de la teneur en hydrogene dans la
métal fondu pour le soudage a l'arc des aciers ferritiques (ISO 3690:2000)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 3690:2000
ICS:
25.160.40 Varjeni spoji in vari Welded joints
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 3690
Second edition
2000-12-15
Welding and allied processes —
Determination of hydrogen content
in ferritic steel arc weld metal
Soudage et techniques connexes — Détermination de la teneur en
hydrogène dans le métal fondu pour le soudage à l'arc des aciers
ferritiques
Reference number
ISO 3690:2000(E)
©
ISO 2000
ISO 3690:2000(E)
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ii © ISO 2000 – All rights reserved
ISO 3690:2000(E)
Contents Page
Foreword.iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope .1
2 Normative reference .1
3 Test procedures.1
3.1 Production of weld specimens.1
3.2 Welding procedures for the production of weld specimens.5
3.3 Measurement of hydrogen in the test weld.13
Annex A (informative) Older methods of measurement.19
Bibliography.20
ISO 3690:2000(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard ISO 3690 was prepared in collaboration with the International Institute of Welding which has
been approved by the ISO Council as an international standardizing body in the field of welding.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 3690:1977), which has been technically revised.
Annex A of this International Standard is for information only.
iv © ISO 2000 – All rights reserved
ISO 3690:2000(E)
Introduction
During welding processes hydrogen is absorbed by the weld pool from the arc atmosphere. During cooling some of
this hydrogen escapes from the solid bead by diffusion but some also diffuses into the HAZ and parent metal. The
amount which does so depends on several factors such as original amount absorbed, the size of the weld and the
time-temperature conditions of cooling. Other factors being equal, the more hydrogen present in the weld the
greater the risk of cracking. The principal sources of hydrogen in welding are:
� moisture contained in and picked up by electrode coatings and fluxes;
� other hydrogenous materials which may break down in the heat of the arc;
� oil, dirt and grease on the plate surface or trapped in the surface layers of welding wires;
� atmospheric moisture during welding.
Measurements of weld hydrogen level therefore provide the means of deciding the degree to which a given welding
consumable is introducing hydrogen to the weld pool. They may thus help to categorize the sources of hydrogen
and classify different welding consumables. In addition, such measurements provide a starting point for calculating
preheating temperatures and temperatures of heat treatment to remove hydrogen after welding.
Hydrogen is unlike other elements in ferritic weld metal in that it diffuses rapidly at normal room temperatures and
some of it may be lost before an analysis can be made. This, coupled with the fact that the concentrations to be
measured are usually at the parts per million level, means that special sampling and analysis procedures are
needed. In order that results be comparable between different laboratories and can be used to develop hydrogen
control procedures, some international standardization of these sampling and analysis methods is necessary.
It has become clear from work within the International Institute of Welding that the same sampling and analysis
procedure can be used with minor modifications to deal with a number of fusion welding procedures and also for
purposes other than the simple classification of consumables. The purpose of this document is therefore to define a
standardized procedure of sampling and analysis of weld metal for the determination of hydrogen. The essential
features of the International Standard provide for the production of a weld specimen in the form of a rapidly
quenched single bead, and the procedure is described in 3.1; 3.2 of this International Standard gives details of the
procedures to be used when different welding processes are under investigation. The specimen obtained in this
way is then compatible with the recommended analytical techniques specified in 3.3.
There are two principal ways in which this International Standard is intended to be used:
a) To provide information on the levels of weld hydrogen arising from the use of consumables in specific states
(e.g. wet or dry), or as a result of the use of specific welding parameters (e.g. different current levels). For such
purposes the method can be applied with a variety of welding parameters and states of consumable, and these
will be chosen on each occasion in order to provide the specific information sought. It is important however to
state such conditions when results are reported so that misunderstandings can be avoided.
b) To enable consumables to be classified and to assist in quality control. In such cases consumables have to be
treated in like manner — i.e. with fixed conditions of drying temperature and time, welding current and so on.
It is understood that mercury is a hazardous substance, and that its use may be restricted in some countries. It
should be recognized that this International Standard provides a reference method against which all other methods
are to be calibrated. Once a proper calibration of an alternate method against this reference method is established,
normal testing can be conducted with the alternate method. Then the reference method need only be used in rare
instances, such as for checking calibration or in cases of dispute.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 3690:2000(E)
Welding and allied processes — Determination of hydrogen
content in ferritic steel arc weld metal
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the sampling and analytical procedure for the determination of diffusible and
residual hydrogen in ferritic weld metal arising from the welding of ferritic steel using arc welding processes with
filler metal. Collection of the hydrogen over mercury is the primary method. Provided that the weld specimen size is
maintained within limits dictated by the size of the test block, variations in welding parameters are permissible in
order to investigate the effect of such variables on the weld hydrogen content. The techniques described in this
International Standard constitute a reference method which should be used in cases of dispute.
2 Normative reference
The following normative document contains provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of
this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these
publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to
investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the normative document indicated below. For
undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC
maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.
ISO 14175, Welding consumables — Shielding gases for arc welding and cutting.
3 Test procedures
3.1 Production of weld specimens
3.1.1 Principle
The welding process to be tested is used to deposit a single weld bead which is rapidly quenched and
subsequently stored at�78 °C or lower until required for preparation and analysis.
3.1.2 Welding fixture
A copper welding jig for heat inputs up to 2 kJ/mm, which may be water cooled, is shown in Figure 1. It is designed
to promote the proper alignment and clamping of the test piece assembly by means of the single clamping unit
which is used with a ring spanner or other suitable means. See 3.1.4 for evidence of proper alignment and
clamping. A welding jig without water cooling may be used as long as the same dimensions are retained and as
long as the temperature is controlled in the manner described in 3.1.4 below.
The welding jig shown in Figure 2 will allow the production of test welds with a heat input greater than 2 kJ/mm and
up to about 3 kJ/mm.
ISO 3690:2000(E)
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 Copper block
2 Test piece assembly
3 Copper foil
4 M12 bolt
NOTE Water cooling channels may be used.
a
Dimension Xu 25 mm.
Figure 1 — Welding fixture and test piece assembly for weld deposits made with heat inputs up to 2 kJ/mm
2 © ISO 2000 – All rights reserved
ISO 3690:2000(E)
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 Test piece assembly
2 Water cooling jacket
3 Lever clamp
4 Copper foil is inserted here
A Made of copper
B Made of mild steel
NOTE 1 1 mm copper inserts (not shown) for SA are 300 mm � 45 mm.
NOTE 2 The run-off bead length shall be such that the trailing end of the crater is on the run-off piece but within 25 mm of
the test piece. See distance X in Figure 1 for clarity.
a
135 mm for submerged arc welding or 85 mm for gas or self-shielded welding.
Figure 2 — Welding fixture and test piece assembly for weld deposits made with heat inputs greater than
2 kJ/mm up to 3 kJ/mm
ISO 3690:2000(E)
3.1.3 Test piece assemblies
The test piece assembly shall be prepared from a plain carbon non-rimming steel with a carbon content of not more
than 0,18 % and sulfur content of not more than 0,02 %. The test assembly shall be made according to the
dimensions shown in Figure 3, with a tolerance of � 0,25 mm on all dimensions except the length of the run-on and
run-off pieces. The lengths shown in Figure 3 for the run-on and run-off pieces are suggestions only.
Dimensions in millimetre
...
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