EN ISO 28057:2021

Clinical dosimetry - Dosimetry with solid thermoluminescence detectors for photon and electron radiations in radiotherapy (ISO 28057:2019)

This document describes rules for the procedures, applications, and systems of thermoluminescence dosimetry (TLD) for dose measurements according to the probe method. It is particularly applicable to solid "TL detectors", i.e. rods, chips, and microcubes, made from LiF:Mg,Ti or LiF:Mg,Cu,P in crystalline or polycrystalline form. It is not applicable to LiF powders because their use requires special procedures. The probe method encompasses the arrangement, particularly in a water phantom or in a tissue-equivalent phantom, of single TL detectors or of "TL probes", i.e. sets of TL detectors arranged in thin-walled polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) casings.
The purpose of these rules is to guarantee the reliability and the accuracy indispensable in clinical dosimetry when applied on or in the patient or phantom. This document applies to dosimetry in teletherapy with both photon radiation from 20 keV to 50 MeV and electron radiation from 4 MeV to 25 MeV, as well as in brachytherapy with photon-emitting radionuclides. These applications are complementary to the use of ionization chambers.

Klinische Dosimetrie - Dosimetrie mit Festkörper-Thermolumineszenzdetektoren für Photonen- und Elektronenstrahlung in der Strahlentherapie (ISO 28057:2019)

Im vorliegenden Dokument werden Regeln für die Verfahren, Anwendungen und Messsysteme der Thermolumineszenzdosimetrie (TL-Dosimetrie, TLD) für Dosismessungen nach der Sondenmethode festgelegt. Sie ist anzuwenden insbesondere für Thermolumineszenz-Detektoren fester Form und Größe, d. h. Stäbchen (en: rods), Scheibchen (en: chips) und Mikrowürfel (en: microcubes), hergestellt aus LiF:Mg,Ti oder LiF:Mg,Cu,P in kristalliner oder polykristalliner Form. Sie ist nicht anzuwenden für LiF in Pulverform; dessen Gebrauch erfordert spezielle Verfahren. Die Sondenmethode beruht darauf, dass einzelne TL-Detektoren oder TL-Sonden, d. h. Sätze von TL-Detektoren, in ein Wasserphantom oder ein wasseräquivalentes Phantom eingebracht werden. Als TL Sonde bezeichnet man die Anordnung eines oder mehrerer TL-Detektoren in einem dünnwandigen Polymethylmethacrylat (PMMA)-Gehäuse.
Das Ziel dieser Regeln ist es, die in der klinischen Dosimetrie am Patienten oder im Phantom unentbehrliche Zuverlässigkeit und Genauigkeit sicherzustellen. Dieses Dokument ist anzuwenden für die Dosimetrie in der Teletherapie mit Photonenstrahlung von 20 keV bis 50 MeV und mit Elektronenstrahlung von 4 MeV bis 25 MeV sowie in der Brachytherapie mit Photonen emittierenden Radionukliden. Diese Anwendungen stellen eine wichtige Ergänzung zur Dosimetrie mit Ionisationskammern dar.

Dosimétrie clinique - Dosimétrie avec détecteurs thermoluminescents solides pour les rayonnements de photons et d'électrons en radiothérapie (ISO 28057:2019)

Le présent document décrit les règles pour les procédures, applications et systèmes de dosimétrie par thermoluminescence (TLD) pour les mesurages de doses conformément à la technique de la sonde. Il s'applique en particulier aux «détecteurs TL» solides, à savoir les bâtonnets, les pastilles et les microcubes fabriqués à partir de LiF:Mg,Ti ou de LiF:Mg,Cu,P sous forme cristalline ou polycristalline. Il ne s'applique pas aux poudres de LiF, étant donné que leur utilisation requiert des procédures spéciales. La technique de la sonde comprend la disposition, en particulier dans un fantôme d'eau ou dans un fantôme équivalant à un tissu, de détecteurs TL uniques ou de «sondes TL», c'est-à-dire des ensembles de détecteurs TL disposés dans des boîtiers de poly(méthacrylate de méthyle) (PMMA) à paroi fine.
Ces règles visent à garantir la fiabilité et l'exactitude indispensables en dosimétrie clinique lorsqu'elle est appliquée sur ou dans le patient ou le fantôme. Le présent document s'applique à la dosimétrie en téléradiothérapie pour le rayonnement de photons entre 20 keV et 50 MeV et le rayonnement d'électrons entre 4 MeV et 25 MeV ainsi qu'en curiethérapie avec des radionucléides émettant des photons. Ces applications sont complémentaires de l'utilisation des chambres d'ionisation.

Klinična dozimetrija - Dozimetrija s trdnimi termoluminiscenčnimi zaznavali pri fotonskih in elektronskih sevanjih v radioterapiji (ISO 28057:2019)

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 09-Feb-2021
• Withdrawal Date: 30-Aug-2021
• ICS: 13.280 - Radiation protection
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 430 - Nuclear energy, nuclear technologies, and radiological protection
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 430 - Nuclear energy, nuclear technologies, and radiological protection
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 10-Feb-2021
• Completion Date: 10-Feb-2021
• Ref Project: SIST EN ISO 28057:2021 - Clinical dosimetry - Dosimetry with solid thermoluminescence detectors for photon and electron radiations in radiotherapy (ISO 28057:2019)

Relations

• Replaces: EN ISO 28057:2018 - Dosimetry with solid thermoluminescence detectors for photon and electron radiations in radiotherapy (ISO 28057:2014)
• Effective Date: 06-Mar-2019

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-april-2021
Nadomešča:
SIST EN ISO 28057:2018
Klinična dozimetrija - Dozimetrija s trdnimi termoluminiscenčnimi zaznavali pri
fotonskih in elektronskih sevanjih v radioterapiji (ISO 28057:2019)
Clinical dosimetry - Dosimetry with solid thermoluminescence detectors for photon and
electron radiations in radiotherapy (ISO 28057:2019)
Dosimetrie mit Festkörper - Thermolumineszenzdetektoren für Photonen- und
Elektronenstrahlung in der Strahlentherapie (ISO 28057:2019)
Dosimétrie clinique - Dosimétrie avec détecteurs thermoluminescents solides pour les
rayonnements de photons et d'électrons en radiothérapie (ISO 28057:2019)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 28057:2021
ICS:
13.280 Varstvo pred sevanjem Radiation protection
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 28057
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
February 2021
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.280 Supersedes EN ISO 28057:2018
English Version
Clinical dosimetry - Dosimetry with solid
thermoluminescence detectors for photon and electron
radiations in radiotherapy (ISO 28057:2019)
Dosimétrie clinique - Dosimétrie avec détecteurs Dosimetrie mit Festkörper -
thermoluminescents solides pour les rayonnements de Thermolumineszenzdetektoren für Photonen- und
photons et d'électrons en radiothérapie (ISO Elektronenstrahlung in der Strahlentherapie (ISO
28057:2019) 28057:2019)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 18 January 2021.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 28057:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3

European foreword
The text of ISO 28057:2019 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 85 "Nuclear energy,
nuclear technologies, and radiological protection” of the International Organization for Standardization
(ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 28057:2021 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 430 “Nuclear
energy, nuclear technologies, and radiological protection” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2021, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by August 2021.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 28057:2018.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 28057:2019 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 28057:2021 without any modification.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 28057
Second edition
2019-07
Clinical dosimetry — Dosimetry with
solid thermoluminescence detectors
for photon and electron radiations in
radiotherapy
Dosimétrie clinique — Dosimétrie avec détecteurs
thermoluminescents solides pour les rayonnements de photons et
d'électrons en radiothérapie
Reference number
ISO 28057:2019(E)
©
ISO 2019
ISO 28057:2019(E)
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

ISO 28057:2019(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Rules for the TLD measurement procedure . 9
4.1 Principle of measurement . 9
4.2 Measured quantity . 9
4.3 Measurement cycle .10
4.3.1 General requirements .10
4.3.2 Sequence of measurement cycles .10
4.3.3 Common passing of the measurement cycles .10
4.3.4 Handling of TL detectors.10
4.3.5 Pre-irradiation annealing .11
4.3.6 Irradiation .11
4.3.7 Post-irradiation annealing.11
4.3.8 Reading.11
4.4 Measurement of the absorbed dose to water .12
4.4.1 Basic formula for the determination of the absorbed dose to water .12
4.4.2 Determination of the background value, M .
0 12
4.4.3 Determination of the indicated value, M .
i 13
4.4.4 Determination of the individual calibration coefficients, N .13
i
4.4.5 Determination of the correction factors, k .15
ν
4.5 Uncertainty of measurement of the absorbed dose .22
4.6 Reusability .23
4.7 Stability check .23
4.8 Staff .23
5 Requirements for the TLD system .23
5.1 General information .23
5.1.1 Classification of the requirements .23
5.1.2 Requirements for operation characteristics .24
5.2 Completeness of the TLD system .24
5.2.1 Technical components.24
5.2.2 Hardware and software components .24
5.2.3 Operating instructions .24
5.2.4 Access to a calibration irradiation device .26
5.3 Requirements for TL detectors .26
5.3.1 Characteristics of TL materials .26
5.3.2 Tailoring of TL materials .26
5.3.3 Reusability of TL detectors .27
5.3.4 Individual variation .27
5.4 Requirements for TL-indicating instruments .28
5.4.1 General remarks .28
5.4.2 Mechanical setup .28
5.4.3 Warm-up time .28
5.4.4 Indication and indication range .28
5.4.5 Background value .28
5.4.6 Overflow indication and effects during evaluation of high doses .28
5.4.7 Test light source .
...