CEN/TR 15134:2005
(Main)Non-destructive testing - Automated ultrasonic examination - Selection and application of systems
Non-destructive testing - Automated ultrasonic examination - Selection and application of systems
Automatic ultrasonic scanning inspection systems are becoming more and more popular. There is a growing dependence on these systems, the data (both ultrasonic signals and probe location) and the automatic or manual evaluation of the data.
Stationary and mobile test systems are discussed, as used for pre-service testing (testing during manufacture) and in-service testing (testing after manufacture, including regular safety assurance testing).
The information in this Technical Report covers all tests and testing on all component parts or complete manufactured systems for either correctness of geometry, material properties (quality or defects) and fabrication methodology (e.g. welds).
This Technical Report can be used for training purposes.
This Technical Report is aimed at suppliers and users of automatic scanning systems.
The scope of this Technical Report is to permit the user, along with a customer specification or test description and any national or international standards or regulations to specify:
- ultrasonic probes, probe systems and mechanical controlling sensors;
- manipulation systems including controls;
- ultrasound electronic sub-systems;
- data storage and display systems;
- evaluation and assessment methods or techniques
with regard to their performance and suitability for purpose.
This Technical Report also defines a means of verifying the performance of any specified system.
This includes:
- tests during the manufacturing process on parts and completed items (stationary testing systems)
and also
- tests with mobile systems.
Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung - Automatisierte Ultraschallprüfung - Auswahl und Anwendung von Systemen
Automatisierte Ultraschall-Prüfsysteme finden immer größere Verbreitung. Das Vertrauen in diese Systeme, die Daten (sowohl Ultraschallsignale als auch Prüfkopfortung) und die automatische oder manuelle Bewertung der Daten nimmt zu.
Es werden ortsfeste und mobile Prüfsysteme behandelt, wie sie für die Prüfung vor Inbetriebnahme (Prüfung während der Herstellung) und für die Prüfung während des Betriebes (Prüfung nach der Herstellung, einschließlich regelmäßiger Prüfungen zur Zusicherung der Sicherheit) verwendet werden.
Die Angaben in diesem Dokument umfassen alle Prüfungen und das Prüfen an allen Bauteilen oder komplett hergestellten Systemen auf Richtigkeit der Geometrie, auf Werkstoffeigenschaften (Qualität oder Mängel) und bei Fertigungsverfahren (z. B. Schweißnähte).
Dieses Dokument kann für Schulungszwecke verwendet werden.
Dieses Dokument richtet sich an Lieferanten und an Anwender von automatisierten Abtastsystemen.
Der Anwendungsbereich dieses Dokuments soll den Anwender in die Lage versetzen, anhand einer Kundenspezifikation oder einer Prüfvorschrift und nationalen oder internationalen Normen oder Vorschriften:
- Ultraschallprüfköpfe, Prüfkopfsysteme und mechanische Steuersensoren;
- Handhabungssysteme einschließlich Steuereinrichtungen;
- Elektronische Ultraschall-Subsysteme;
- Datenspeicherungs- und Anzeigesysteme;
- Auswerte- und Beurteilungsverfahren oder -techniken
hinsichtlich ihrer Gebrauchstauglichkeit und ihrer Eignung für den Einsatzzweck festzulegen.
Dieses Dokument definiert weiterhin einen Weg zum Nachweis der Gebrauchstauglichkeit eines festgelegten Prüfsystems.
Dies beinhaltet:
- Prüfungen während des Herstellungsprozesses an Teilen und kompletten Einheiten (ortsfeste Prüfsysteme) und außerdem
- Prüfungen mit mobilen Systemen.
Essais non destructifs - Examen automatisé par ultrasons - Sélection et application des systèmes
Les systèmes automatiques d'inspection par contrôle par ultrasons deviennent de plus en plus populaires. On accorde de plus en plus d'importance à ces systèmes, aux données (signaux ultrasons et emplacement de la sonde) et à l'évaluation automatique ou manuelle des données.
Le présent Rapport technique traite des systèmes d'essai fixes et mobiles avant l'utilisation (essais pendant la fabrication), ainsi que des essais effectués pendant l'utilisation (essais après la fabrication, y compris des essais d'assurance de sécurité réguliers).
Les informations du présent Rapport technique couvrent tous les essais et tests d'exactitude de géométrie, de propriétés des matériaux (qualité ou défauts) et de méthodologie, de fabrication (par exemple soudures) de tous les composants ou systèmes entièrement construits.
Le présent Rapport technique peut être utilisé en vue de formation.
Il est destiné aux fournisseurs et utilisateurs des systèmes de contrôle automatiques.
L'objet du présent Rapport technique est de permettre à l'utilisateur de spécifier les éléments ci-dessous en s'appuyant sur la spécification ou sur la description d'essais d'un client ou sur les normes ou réglementations nationales ou internationales :
- sondes ultrasoniques, systèmes de sondes et capteurs de commande mécaniques ;
- systèmes de manipulation y compris les commandes ;
- sous-systèmes électroniques à ultrasons ;
- systèmes de mise en mémoire et d'affichage des données ;
- méthodes ou techniques d'évaluation et d'estimation
eu égard à leur performance et adéquation pour l'application en question.
Le présent Rapport technique définit également un moyen de vérifier la performance de tout système spécifié.
Ceci comprend :
- les essais des pièces et composants terminés (systèmes d'essai fixes) effectués pendant le processus de fabrication ;
et également
- les essais effectués avec des systèmes mobiles.
Neporušitveno preskušanje – Avtomatsko ultrazvočno preskušanje – Izbor in uporaba sistemov
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2006
1HSRUXãLWYHQRSUHVNXãDQMH±$YWRPDWVNRXOWUD]YRþQRSUHVNXãDQMH±,]ERULQ
XSRUDEDVLVWHPRY
Non-destructive testing - Automated ultrasonic examination - Selection and application of
systems
Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung - Automatisierte Ultraschallprüfung - Auswahl und Anwendung
von Systemen
Essais non destructifs - Examen automatisé par ultrasons - Sélection et application des
systemes
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TR 15134:2005
ICS:
19.100 Neporušitveno preskušanje Non-destructive testing
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
TECHNICAL REPORT
CEN/TR 15134
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHER BERICHT
October 2005
ICS 19.100
English Version
Non-destructive testing - Automated ultrasonic examination -
Selection and application of systems
Essais non destructifs - Examen automatisé par ultrasons - Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung - Automatisierte
Sélection et application des systèmes Ultraschallprüfung - Auswahl und Anwendung von
Systemen
This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 24 April 2005. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 138.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TR 15134:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
Foreword .3
1 Scope .4
2 Normative references .4
3 Terms and definitions.4
4 Basic system description.5
4.1 Systems .5
4.2 System schematic.6
4.3 Levels of automation .9
5 Examination of technical objectives and conditions .9
5.1 Task.9
5.2 Other controlling conditions.10
5.3 Examination data .11
5.4 Reference blocks .12
6 Components and features of a test system .12
6.1 General .12
6.2 Test mechanics and positioning systems.12
6.3 Coupling technique.14
6.4 Probes.16
6.5 Testing electronics and signal digitisation.23
6.6 Data acquisition, processing and storage .26
6.7 Presentation and evaluation of data.28
6.8 System check .29
7 Execution of test .29
7.1 System set-up .29
7.2 Performing the test .30
Foreword
This CEN Technical Report (CEN/TR 15134:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 138
“Non-destructive testing”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
1 Scope
Automatic ultrasonic scanning inspection systems are becoming more and more popular. There is a growing
dependence on these systems, the data (both ultrasonic signals and probe location) and the automatic or
manual evaluation of the data.
Stationary and mobile test systems are discussed, as used for pre-service testing (testing during manufacture)
and in-service testing (testing after manufacture, including regular safety assurance testing).
The information in this Technical Report covers all tests and testing on all component parts or complete
manufactured systems for either correctness of geometry, material properties (quality or defects) and
fabrication methodology (e.g. welds).
This Technical Report can be used for training purposes.
This Technical Report is aimed at suppliers and users of automatic scanning systems.
The scope of this Technical Report is to permit the user, along with a customer specification or test description
and any national or international standards or regulations to specify:
- ultrasonic probes, probe systems and mechanical controlling sensors;
- manipulation systems including controls;
- ultrasound electronic sub-systems;
- data storage and display systems;
- evaluation and assessment methods or techniques
with regard to their performance and suitability for purpose.
This Technical Report also defines a means of verifying the performance of any specified system.
This includes:
- tests during the manufacturing process on parts and completed items (stationary testing systems)
and also
- tests with mobile systems.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 1330-2:1998, Non-destructive testing - Terminology - Part 2: Terms common to the non-destructive testing
methods.
EN 1330-4:2000, Non-destructive testing - Terminology - Part 4: Terms used in ultrasonic testing.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this Technical Report, the terms and definitions given in EN 1330-2:1998 and EN 1330-
4:2000 apply.
4 Basic system description
4.1 Systems
There are two major applications for automated ultrasonic inspection systems:
- for the detection and evaluation of material defects (e.g. cracks, porosity, geometry);
- for the measurement and evaluation of material properties (e.g. sound velocity, scattering).
Essential components of an automatic inspection system are:
- mechanically positioned and controlled ultrasonic probes and/or test objects;
- automatic data acquisition for the ultrasound signals;
- acquisition and storage of transducer location in relation to ultrasonic signals;
- test results.
A system usually consists of several individually identifiable components. These are:
- manipulators for probes or test objects;
- probes and cables;
- couplant supply and removal;
- ultrasonic sub-system;
- data acquisition and processing;
- data evaluation and display;
- system control.
The complexity of a system depends on the scope of the test and application of the system.
Test systems may be divided into stationary and mobile.
Examples of stationary systems are:
- continuous inspection of steel products, e.g. billets, plate material, tubes, rails;
- component testing, e.g. steering knuckles, rollers, balls, bolts, pressure cylinders;
- composite materials e.g. aerospace structures , e.g. complete wings made of composite materials, CRFP
and GFRP components;
- random sample control (batch test) for process accompanying checks, e.g. testing for hydrogen induced
cracking in steel samples.
Examples of mobile systems are:
- pre-service and in-service inspection of components, e.g. valves, vessels, bolts, turbine parts;
- pre-service and in-service inspection of vehicles;
- pre-service and in-service inspection of pipelines e.g. oil or gas pipelines;
- inspection of railway tracks.
The test systems can be single or multichannel systems.
The manipulator complexity of the system depends on the examination task.
The complexity of the data acquisition and evaluation system depends on the number of test channels, the
test velocity and the test requirements.
4.2 System schematic
The essential components of an automatic scanning system are shown in Figure 1. More detailed descriptions
can be found elsewhere in this document. A detailed description of the individual functions is given in Clause 5.
Key
1 probe 1 4 data lines
2 probe 2 5 control line
6 control line/location data
3 signal lines
Figure 1 — System schematic
The probe position shall be known and be recorded together with the ultrasonic data. This can be achieved by
using encoders, ultrasound or video techniques.
If the probe motion is in one axis only, the probe position can be determined by measuring elapsed time
compared to the motion velocity.
The most simple ultrasonic system consists of one probe, see Figure 2.
Figure 2 — Simple system with one probe
In order to fulfil any test requirement the system can include several hundred probes e.g. in a pig for pipeline
testing, see Figure 3.
The ultrasonic sub-system is the main component of the overall system. Figure 4 shows a block diagram of
the basic electronic components of the ultrasonic sub-system. Depending on the required complexity, the
ultrasonic sub-system can be made from one module for a single channel system or multiple modules for
multi-channel systems. These can be self-contained modules, computer plug-in cards or rack mounted
systems.
Figure 3 — The probe assembly of an intelligent pig for use on a 40 inch diameter pipeline
Figure 4 — Block diagram of the electronics of the ultrasonic sub-system
Some digital systems used for testing provide acquisition and storage of the full RF ultrasonic signals. This
method offers the most information compared to other acquisition methods.
In order to reduce the testing time, data processing and storage requirements, other methods use data
reduction techniques such as peak testing. For many applications this provides a perfectly adequate level of
data for the purposes of the inspection.
Methods for data reduction are described in 6.6.4.2.
The data, which are transferred from the ultrasonic unit to the data acquisition unit, is referred to as
measurement data.
In the data processing unit the measurement data is processed in a way, which permits it to be visualized on a
display for the interpreter (user) performing the evaluation.
The data can be assessed and the test verified automatically during automatic component testing.
In certain areas, the evaluation has to be performed by experienced test personnel, e.g. welds on vessels and
pipelines or safety-critical components in aerospace. In these cases, the data processing unit has to provide
images from the measurement data as a projection or sectional image. Other tasks are possible by filtering
the data to remove unwanted information. This can be achieved by software in a computer or by special
hardware.
Data can be stored at different points during the measurement signal processing as shown in Figure 1. If this
is a simple go/no go test only the test result need be recorded. In contrast, during testing of safety critical
components the measurement data is stored together with any assessment result.
The control and synchronisation of the individual system components is achieved by the system control, this
ensures that the proper test sequence is performed.
The system control also synchronises the storage of the probe location data and ultrasonic data.
In-process inspection can provide automatic sorting or marking of defective parts.
A practical example for a basic automatic scanning system is shown in Figure 1. The set-up of a multi-channel
test system is shown in Figure 5. This has an XY manipulator and can be used for testing vessels and pipes.
Key
3 manipulator control
1 testing location
4 ultrasound electronics
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.