EN 14447:2005

Fibre reinforced plastics - Glass mat reinforced thermoplastics (GMT) - Determination of flowability and solidification

This document defines a method for the determination of data suited to the assessment of the flowability and solidification of polypropylene based glass fibre mat reinforced thermoplastic moulding compounds (GMT) carried out with commonly applied moulding parameters.
The influence on moulding behaviour of both the individual components of the material and the moulding parameters may be determined by this method. It is suitable for quality control purposes as well as for the development of material formulations.
Depending on the objectives of the analysis, different elements of the procedure described in this document may be chosen.
This test method may be used for the production of a test plate suitable for the preparation of test specimens for the determination of materials properties.

Faserverstärkte Kunststoffe - Glasmattenverstärkte Thermoplaste (GMT) - Bestimmung der Fließfähigkeit und des Erstarrens

Dieses Dokument legt ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung von Kenngrößen fest, die zur Einschätzung der
Fließfähigkeit und des Erstarrens von glasfasermattenverstärkten wärmehärtbaren Formmassen (GMT) auf
der Basis von Polypropylen geeignet sind, ausgeführt mit üblicherweise angewendeten Pressparametern.
Der Einfluss sowohl der einzelnen Materialbestandteile wie auch der Pressparameter auf das Pressverhalten
kann mit diesem Verfahren bestimmt werden. Es ist für die Qualitätskontrolle ebenso geeignet wie zur
Entwicklung von Materialformulierungen.
Je nach dem Ziel der Analyse können verschiedene Elemente des in diesem Dokument beschriebenen
Verfahrens ausgewählt werden.
Dieses Prüfverfahren kann für die Herstellung einer Prüfplatte benutzt werden, die zur Herstellung von
Prüfkörpern für die Bestimmung von Materialeigenschaften geeignet ist.

Plastiques renforcés de fibres - Thermoplastiques renforcés de mats de verre (GMT) - Détermination de la fluidité et de la solidification

Le présent document définit une méthode permettant de déterminer des données adaptées à l'évaluation de la fluidité et de la solidification des compositions de moulage en thermoplastiques renforcés de mats de fibres de verre (GMT) à base de polypropylène. Cette évaluation est effectuée à l'aide de paramètres de moulage courants.
Cette méthode permet de déterminer l'influence des composant individuels de la matière et des paramètres de moulage sur le comportement au moulage. Elle convient à des fins de contrôle de la qualité ainsi qu'au développement de formules de matières.
En fonction des objectifs de l'analyse, il est possible de choisir différents éléments du mode opératoire décrit dans le présent document.
Cette méthode d'essai peut être utilisée pour produire une plaque d'essai convenant à la préparation d'éprouvettes pour la détermination des propriétés de la matière.

Z vlakni ojačeni polimerni materiali - S steklenimi vlakni (mato) ojačeni termoplasti (GMT) - Ugotavljanje pretočnosti in strjevanja

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 19-Apr-2005
• ICS: 83.120 - Reinforced plastics
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 249 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 249/SC 2/WG 4 - Reinforced thermoplastics composites
• Current Stage: 9093 - Decision to confirm - Review Enquiry
• Completion Date: 03-Dec-2022
• Ref Project: SIST EN 14447:2005 - Fibre reinforced plastics - Glass mat reinforced thermoplastics (GMT) - Determination of flowability and solidification

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2005
=YODNQLRMDþHQLSROLPHUQLPDWHULDOL6VWHNOHQLPLYODNQLPDWRRMDþHQLWHUPRSODVWL
*078JRWDYOMDQMHSUHWRþQRVWLLQVWUMHYDQMD
Fibre reinforced plastics - Glass mat reinforced thermoplastics (GMT) - Determination of
flowability and solidification
Faserverstärkte Kunststoffe - Glasmattenverstärkte Thermoplaste (GMT) - Bestimmung
der Fließfähigkeit und des Erstarrens
Plastiques renforcés de fibres - Thermoplastiques renforcés de mats de verre (GMT) -
Détermination de la fluidité et de la solidification
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 14447:2005
ICS:
83.120 2MDþDQLSROLPHUL Reinforced plastics
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 14447
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2005
ICS 83.120
English version
Fibre reinforced plastics - Glass mat reinforced thermoplastics
(GMT) - Determination of flowability and solidification
Plastiques renforcés de fibres - Thermoplastiques Faserverstärkte Kunststoffe - Glasmattenverstärkte
renforcés de mats de verre (GMT) - Détermination de la Thermoplaste (GMT) - Bestimmung der Fließfähigkeit und
fluidité et de la solidification des Erstarrens
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 March 2005.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 14447:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents
Page
Foreword .3
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions.5
4 Principle of the test method.6
5 Sampling.8
6 Conditioning.8
7 Apparatus .8
7.1 Hydraulic moulding press .8
7.2 Temperature controlled plate mould .8

7.3 Heating oven .10
7.4 Sensor reading equipment.10
8 Preparation of test specimen .10
9 Procedure .10
10 Expression of the results .11
10.1 General .11
10.2 Start of flow t .11
o
10.3 End of filling t .11
E
10.4 Filling-time t .11
F
10.5 Starting Height H0.11
10.6 Thickness D.11
10.7 Material Pressure PM.12
10.8 Pressure Gradient PG.12
10.9 Pressure Drop PD .12
10.10 Pressure Integral PI .12
10.11 Work during pressing PL.12
10.12 Partial work during pressing PPL.12
10.13 Thickness Shrinkage Sz .12
10.14 Cooling Time t .12
c
11 Test report .13
Annex A (informative) Other type of mould use.14
Annex B (informative) Preparation of test specimens for mechanical testing .15
Bibliography.16

Foreword
This document (EN 14447:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics”, the
secretariat of which is held by IBN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or
by endorsement, at the latest by October 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest
by October 2005.
The description of flowability and solidification of glass fibre mat reinforced thermoplastic moulding compounds
(GMT) is complex.
The test methods described in this document are for the determination of flowability and solidification. The
flowability is the basic property of a moulding material which defines the ability to fill a given cavity.
The flowability of GMT has to be expressed by at least two parameters because of its non-Newtonian behaviour.
Parameters to express the behaviour of the compound as instantaneous values are:
 the pressure gradient – a measure of the resistance to the initiation of flow ;
 the pressure loss – a measure for the pressure change over the flow distance.
As overall or integral values are:
 the filling time – the duration of filling the cavity under given conditions ;
 the pressure integral – a measure of the resistance to overall flow ;
 the work during pressing – a measure of resistance to overall flow ;
 the partial work during pressing – a measure of resistance during a specific part of the flow.
These parameters are defined by this document plus other additional information.
The process of solidification must be determined separately and must not influence the results of the flowability
test.
The complexity of the behaviour of GMT requires a large amount of testing for full understanding of the compound.
This document specifies a method of test for an intensive analysis. Not all elements of the analysis may be
required for every function for which this test method is applicable. The material (product) specification, or the
person requesting the analysis should specify which elements of the analysis are required to be undertaken for a
particular purpose e.g. product development, product qualification or quality control. To reduce the specific effort for
the method and to open the applicability of the test equipment, the apparatus is similar to the one described in
EN ISO 12115, Fibre-reinforced plastics - Thermosetting moulding compounds and prepregs - Determination of
flowability, maturation and shelf life (ISO 12115:1997).
The geometry of the mould was chosen to enable the user to produce test plates for mechanical testing separate
from the flowability test.
The effect of glass fibre reinforcement properties on the flowability was also assessed using a stepped plate mould
which was supposed to produce more clearly distinguishing test results compared to a flat plate. This assumption
was not verified in tests run up to now.
A second mould geometry therefore may be described later if necessary.
Orientation of the reinforcement fibres should be observed and tested by taking the samples either in the direction
of the production machine or transverse to it.
Experience shows that the procedure for heating the material for moulding has a very strong influence on the
results of the flowability and solidification test. To avoid unwanted effects an exact specification of heating is
included.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
1 Scope
This document defines a method for the determination of data suited to the assessment of the flowability and
solidification of polypropylene based glass fibre mat reinforced thermoplastic moulding compounds (GMT) carried
out with commonly applied moulding parameters.
The influence on moulding behaviour of both the individual components of the material and the moulding
parameters may be determined by this method. It is suitable for quality control purposes as well as for the
development of material formulations.
Depending on the objectives of the analysis, different elements of the procedure described in this document may
be chosen.
This test method may be used for the production of a test plate suitable for the preparation of test specimens for
the determination of materials properties.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references,
only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
EN ISO 291, Plastics — Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing (ISO 291:1997)
EN ISO 472:2001, Plastics — Vocabulary (ISO 472:1999).
EN ISO 12115:1997, Fibre-reinforced plastics — Thermosetting moulding compounds and prepregs —
Determination of flowability, maturation and shelf life (ISO 12115:1997)

3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 472:2001 and the following apply.
3.1
definition of GMT
glass mat reinforced thermoplastics
3.2
flowability
ability of a moulding material to flow and fill the cavity of a given mould under defined conditions
3.3
solidification
process of transition of the moulding material from a mouldable stage to a stage of sufficient rigidity for demoulding
3.4
elementary unit
smallest normally commercially available entity of a given product. The description (form, dimensions, mass, etc.)
of the elementary unit will normally be defined in the product specification. This unit may be supplied in one of
several forms :
 package ;
 pallet.
NOTE For a given product, the dimensions, mass or volume of the elementary unit may change, as fabrication techniques
evolve, without necessarily causing any modification in the properties or the way in which these properties vary throughout the
elementary unit.
4 Principle of the test method
This method is based on a moulding procedure using a normal commercial press, a plate mould and the usual
conditions for moulding polypropylene GMT.
Usual moulding condition
...