prEN 1794-1

Road traffic noise reducing devices - Non-acoustic performance - Part 1: Methods of determination of the mechanical and stability characteristics

This document specifies criteria to categorize road traffic noise reducing devices according to basic mechanical characteristics under standard conditions of exposure, irrespective of the materials used. A range of conditions and optional requirements is provided in order to take into account the wide diversity of practice in Europe. Individual aspects of performance are covered separately in the annexes. Safety considerations in the event of damage to road noise reducing devices are covered in prEN 1794-2.
This document covers the current behaviour of the product. For the assessment of its long term characteristics, EN 14389-2 is applicable.
NOTE   The test procedure described in Annex A does not consider the fatigue effect.

Lärmschutzvorrichtungen an Straßen - Nichtakustische Eigenschaften - Teil 1: Mechanische Eigenschaften und Anforderungen an die Standsicherheit

Dieses Dokument legt Kriterien für die Klassifizierung von Lärmschutzvorrichtungen an Straßen nach grundlegenden mechanischen Eigenschaften unter Normbeanspruchungsbedingungen fest, unabhängig von den verwendeten Baustoffen. Die Norm enthält eine Reihe von Bedingungen und freigestellten Anforderungen, die die große Vielfalt der Baupraxis in Europa berücksichtigen. Einzelne Aspekte der Eigenschaften werden in den Anhängen separat behandelt. Sicherheitstechnische Überlegungen im Falle der Beschädigung von Lärmschutzvorrichtungen an Straßen werden in prEN 1794 2 behandelt.
Dieses Dokument deckt das derzeitige Verhalten des Produkts ab. Für die Beurteilung der langfristigen Eigenschaften gilt EN 14389 2.
ANMERKUNG   Das in Anhang A beschriebene Prüfverfahren berücksichtigt keine Ermüdungserscheinungen.

Dispositifs de réduction du bruit du trafic routier - Performances non acoustiques - Partie 1 : Performances mécaniques et exigences en matière de stabilité

Le présent document spécifie des critères permettant de classer les dispositifs de réduction du bruit du trafic routier en fonction de leurs caractéristiques mécaniques fondamentales dans des conditions normales d’exposition, indépendamment des matériaux utilisés. Une gamme de conditions et d’exigences optionnelles est donnée afin de tenir compte de la grande diversité des pratiques en Europe. Chaque aspect des performances est couvert séparément dans les annexes. Les considérations relatives à la sécurité dans le cas de dommages aux dispositifs de réduction du bruit du trafic routier sont couvertes par la prEN 1794-2.
Le présent document couvre le comportement actuel du produit. Pour évaluer ses caractéristiques à long terme, l’EN 14389-2 s’applique.
NOTE   Le mode opératoire d’essai décrit en Annexe A ne prend pas en compte l’effet de la fatigue.

Protihrupne ovire za cestni promet - Neakustične lastnosti - 1. del: Metode določanja stabilnosti in mehanskih značilnosti

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Publication Date: 07-Jan-2024
• ICS: 93.080.30 - Road equipment and installations
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 226 - Road equipment
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 226/WG 6 - Noise reducing devices
• Current Stage: 4599 - Dispatch of FV draft to CMC - Finalization for Vote
• Start Date: 13-Jan-2023
• Due Date: 10-Aug-2022
• Completion Date: 13-Jan-2023
• Ref Project: oSIST prEN 1794-1:2022 - Road traffic noise reducing devices - Non-acoustic performance - Part 1: Methods of determination of the mechanical and stability characteristics

Relations

• Revises: EN 1794-1:2018+AC:2018 - Road traffic noise reducing devices - Non-acoustic performance - Part 1: Mechanical performance and stability requirements
• Effective Date: 18-Jan-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 1794-1:2022
01-februar-2022
Protihrupne ovire za cestni promet - Neakustične lastnosti - 1. del: Metode
določanja stabilnosti in mehanskih značilnosti

Road traffic noise reducing devices - Non-acoustic performance - Part 1: Methods of

determination of the mechanical and stability characteristics
Lärmschutzvorrichtungen an Straßen - Nichtakustische Eigenschaften - Teil 1:
Mechanische Eigenschaften und Anforderungen an die Standsicherheit

Dispositifs de réduction du bruit du trafic routier - Performances non acoustiques - Partie

1 : Performances mécaniques et exigences en matière de stabilité
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 1794-1
ICS:
17.140.30 Emisija hrupa transportnih Noise emitted by means of
sredstev transport
93.080.30 Cestna oprema in pomožne Road equipment and
naprave installations
oSIST prEN 1794-1:2022 en,fr,de

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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oSIST prEN 1794-1:2022
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oSIST prEN 1794-1:2022
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 1794-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
December 2021
ICS 93.080.30 Will supersede EN 1794-1:2018+AC:2018
English Version
Road traffic noise reducing devices - Non-acoustic
performance - Part 1: Methods of determination of the
mechanical and stability characteristics

Dispositifs de réduction du bruit du trafic routier - Lärmschutzvorrichtungen an Straßen - Nichtakustische

Performances non acoustiques - Partie 1 : Eigenschaften - Teil 1: Mechanische Eigenschaften und

Performances mécaniques et exigences en matière de Anforderungen an die Standsicherheit

stabilité

This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee

CEN/TC 226.

If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations

which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other

language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC

Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,

Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,

Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and

United Kingdom.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are

aware and to provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without

notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels

© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 1794-1:2021 E

worldwide for CEN national Members.
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oSIST prEN 1794-1:2022
prEN 1794-1:2021 (E)
Contents Page

European foreword........................................................................................................................................ 3

Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 4

1 Scope ..................................................................................................................................................... 5

2 Normative references ..................................................................................................................... 5

3 Terms, definitions and symbols .................................................................................................. 5

3.1 Terms and definitions .................................................................................................................... 5

3.2 Symbols ................................................................................................................................................ 7

4 Characteristics .................................................................................................................................. 7

4.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 7

4.2 Wind load and load due to passing vehicles ........................................................................... 7

4.3 Resistance to self-weight ............................................................................................................... 8

4.4 Impact of stones ................................................................................................................................ 8

4.5 Safety in collision ............................................................................................................................. 8

4.6 Substitute load due to dynamic actions from snow clearance......................................... 8

5 Test report .......................................................................................................................................... 8

Annex A (normative) Resistance against wind load and load from passing vehicles ........... 9

Annex B (normative) Resistance to loads under self-weight ......................................................17

Annex C (normative) Impact of stones ................................................................................................20

Annex D (informative) Safety in collision ...........................................................................................23

Annex E (normative) Substitute load due to dynamic actions from snow clearance .........24

Annex F (normative) Report template ................................................................................................27

Bibliography ...................................................................................................................................................28

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prEN 1794-1:2021 (E)
European foreword

This document (prEN 1794-1:2021) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN /TC 226 "Road

equipment", the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 1794-1:2017.
The main change compared to the previous edition is the following:

— The Annexes A to D: the acceptance criteria given in the previous version of this standard have

been transferred to EN 14388:2021.

EN 1794 consists of the following parts under the general title "Road traffic noise reducing devices —

Non-acoustic performance":

— Part 1: Methods of determination of the mechanical and stability characteristics

— Part 2: Methods of determination of the general safety and environmental characteristics

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Introduction

While performing their primary function, road traffic noise reducing devices are exposed to a range of

forces due to wind, dynamic air pressure caused by passing traffic and the self-weight of its component

parts. They can also be subjected to shocks caused by stones or other debris thrown up by vehicle tyres

and, in some countries, the dynamic force of snow ejected by equipment used to clear roads in winter.

The deflections of a noise reducing device under such loads during its design life should not reduce its

effectiveness.
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1 Scope

This document specifies criteria to categorize road traffic noise reducing devices according to basic

mechanical characteristics under standard conditions of exposure, irrespective of the materials used.

A range of conditions and optional requirements is provided in order to take into account the wide

diversity of practice in Europe. Individual aspects of performance are covered separately in the

annexes. Safety considerations in the event of damage to road noise reducing devices are covered in

prEN 1794-2.

This document covers the current behaviour of the product. For the assessment of its long term

characteristics, EN 14389-2 is applicable.

NOTE The test procedure described in Annex A does not consider the fatigue effect.

2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content

constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For

undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)

applies.

EN 1317-1, Road restraint systems - Part 1: Terminology and general criteria for test methods

EN 1317-2, Road restraint systems - Part 2: Performance classes, impact test acceptance criteria and test

methods for safety barriers including vehicle parapets
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1.1
road traffic noise reducing device
RTNRD

device designed to reduce the propagation of traffic noise away from the road environment

Note 1 to entry: The NRD may comprise acoustic elements (3.1.2) only or both structural (3.1.3) and acoustic

elements.

Note 2 to entry: Applications of NRD include noise barriers (3.1.4), claddings(3.1.5), covers (3.1.6) and added

devices (3.1.7).
3.1.2
acoustic element

element whose primary function is to provide the acoustic characteristic of the device

3.1.3
structural element
element whose primary function is to support or hold in place acoustic elements
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3.1.4
noise barrier

noise reducing device which obstructs the direct transmission of airborne sound emanating from road

traffic
3.1.5
cladding

noise-reducing device which is attached to a wall or other structure and reduces the amount of sound

reflected
3.1.6
cover
noise-reducing device which either spans or overhangs the road
3.1.7
added device

additional component that influences the acoustic characteristic of the original noise-reducing device

Note 1 to entry: The added device is acting primarily on the diffracted energy.
3.1.8
test area
central area of a full size panel enclosed by a margin of 125 mm from each edge.
Note 1 to entry: As shown in Figure C.2.
3.1.9
vehicle occupants safe device

traffic safe noise reducing device for which a vehicle impact does not cause more danger to the

occupants than allowed for safety barriers in EN 1317-2
3.1.10
combined safety and noise barrier

traffic safe road noise reducing device which fulfils all the requirements for safety barriers in a given

containment class as defined in EN 1317-2
3.1.11
substitute load due to dynamic actions from snow clearance

load due to snow thrown against a noise reducing device by snow ploughing equipment

3.1.12
ploughing speed
speed of the snow ploughing equipment as it passes the noise barrier
3.1.13
non-vertical noise barrier

noise barrier or a part of it (e.g. cantilever) which has a vertical inclination more than 15°

3.1.14
maximum load

maximum load (in kN/m ) that the sample can withstand with fulfilment of specified criteria

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3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of this document, the following symbols apply.
h total height of the noise barrier, in millimetres
L length of elements, in millimetres
L bearing length of structural element, in millimetres
L length of acoustic element, in millimetres
F maximum load the element can withstand, declared by the manufacturer and
safe
tested, in kN/m
F load that corresponds to a deflection of 50 mm, in kN/m
d50
F load that corresponds to a permanent deflection of L /500, in kN/m
permanent A
L /500
d deflection, in millimetres
d horizontal maximum deflection, in millimetres
hmax
d vertical maximum deflection, in millimetres
vmax
d deflection of the sample in horizontal position under its own weight
selfweight
d deflection after having applied the F load
safe safe
d permanent deflection after charge
permanent
d deflection of 50 mm
γ partial factor for permanent actions, also accounting for model uncertainties
and dimensional variations
γ partial factor for actions, also accounting for model uncertainties and
dimensional variations
γ load factor
SF safety factor
4 Characteristics
4.1 General

Under any of the loads specified in this Clause 4, it shall be reported whether elements become

detached from their supports or fixings fail.

The influence of inhomogeneity shall be considered in the relevant verifications according to the

specific Eurocodes.

All failure modes and deformation which may cause transient or permanent disorders should be

considered. These modes can affect the overall behaviour of the structure or the behaviour of some

elements.
4.2 Wind load and load due to passing vehicles

The manufacturer shall provide the result of the assessments done according to the methods described

in Annex A.
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4.3 Resistance to self-weight

The manufacturer shall provide the dry and wet (or reduced wet) weight according to Annex B.

The manufacturer shall provide the vertical load the product can withstand under the self-weight, as

calculated or tested in Annex B, with reference to the requirements specified in Annex B.

4.4 Impact of stones
Damage caused by controlled impacts shall be tested in accordance with Annex C.
4.5 Safety in collision

When the functions of noise barrier and safety barrier are integrated in one system, the safety in

collision shall be tested in accordance with EN 1317-1 and EN 1317-2. See also informative Annex D.

4.6 Substitute load due to dynamic actions from snow clearance

The effects of dynamic forces from snow clearance shall be tested in accordance with Annex E, where

required or specified.
5 Test report
A test report shall be produced and shall include the following information:
a) number and year of this document, i.e. prEN 1794-1:2021;

b) full description of the test specimen including manufacturer's name and product identifier with

sectional drawings and photographs showing mounting conditions; masses, densities, dimensions

and specifications of panels, posts and seals, including any internal components;

c) description of the method of sampling, if parts of manufactured elements are evaluated by testing;

d) place and date of the test, and the name of the relevant responsible person(s);

e) sufficient description of any tests carried out, any results measured together with any illustrations

or photographs, all as specified in the appropriate annex.
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Annex A
(normative)
Resistance against wind load and load from passing vehicles
A.1 General

The objective of this annex is to provide test methods to demonstrate the capability of the product to

withstand wind load and load from passing vehicles.

The methods and criteria to characterize the maximum load RTNRDs can withstand are provided

within this annex. The methods for calculating the different loads that can act on RTNRDs are provided

within Eurocode EN 1990.

Results shall be separate for acoustic and structural elements. In case acoustical and structural

elements are combined, determination for structural elements apply. The temperature range, within

limits of -40 °C to +70 °C, over which the requirements in A.3 to A.4 are met, shall be reported.

NOTE In consideration of the various characteristics of the materials (inhomogeneity, creep, de-formations,

ageing), an additional reduction of the bearing capacity may become necessary.
A.2 Determination of the characteristics
A.2.1 Structural elements
For structural elements, applicable Eurocodes shall be used.
A.2.2 Acoustic elements
A.2.2.1 General
The acoustic elements shall be tested according to the following method.

The load test shall be carried out on a representative sample which shall include an appropriate

number of acoustic elements of the longest span for the element type, with posts or other supports

similar to those used in practice. The supports shall be held in the horizontal plane and restrained from

lateral movement and rotation. The supports may be propped if only the flexure of the acoustic

elements is to be tested, otherwise the supports shall be fixed as in intended use.

The test panel shall be allowed to reach equilibrium under laboratory conditions for at least 3 h before

testing. Load tests shall be carried out at 20 °C. If the product is intended to be used at very low or very

high temperatures, then the test may be repeated at -40 °C and/or +70 °C with appropriate

conditioning time, if the material is regarded as being temperature sensitive.

If the strength or stiffness of the load carrying material depends on temperature, the effect of

temperature differing from range +10 to +30 shall be taken into consideration in testing if the intended

temperature range is wider than presented above.

Results shall show that temperature variation does not cause failure in the performance of joints

(acoustic element detaches from posts in the lowest temperature of the specified range, connections

(screw hole in the acoustic elements) allow for shrinkage and expansion in the whole range of

temperatures specified by the manufacturer.

For RTNRD’s with asymmetrical design (geometry, characteristic of materials ...), the results could be

different on each side. In this case, the tests shall be performed on the weakest side.

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In case of a family of products, the weakest product of the family has to be tested.

A.2.2.2 Determination by testing
A.2.2.2.1 General

The test shall be carried out in a horizontal arrangement as described in A.2.2.2.2.

The manufacturer fixes himself the F he will declare for his product as being the relevant capacity

safe

of his product to withstand loads: the following tests will be done in order to demonstrate this declared

performance.
In all cases, the applied loads do not exceed F .
safe
The maximum load to be considered for acoustic elements is 4 kN/m (for F or F ).
safe d50
A.2.2.2.2 Test procedure

The sample to be tested shall be supported as described in A.2.2.1. The point of the acoustic element

at which the vertical deflection will reach its maximum shall be determined and all measurements of

deflection relative to a fixed datum level shall be taken at this point. After 30 min in this position, a

deflection reading d shall be taken.
selfweight

When placed horizontally, the sample to be tested already supports a load corresponding to its self-

weight.

Additional loading shall then be simulated by an appropriate number of weights (e.g. small sand bags)

that are uniformly distributed across the acoustic element. To prevent local damages of the acoustic

element, it is recommended to cover the surface using a plastic film (thickness approximately 200 μm).

In any case, the total tested load F corresponds to the self-weight plus the additional loads.

a) If the sample under test cannot be charged up to a deflection of d = 50 mm:

The additional loading F is applied, that corresponds to F minus the self-weight of the acoustic

safe

element. After 30 min under this loading F, the deflection reading d shall be taken. Then, the

safe

applied weights shall be carefully removed from the acoustic element and, after 30 min, the

shall

deflection reading shall be repeated. The difference between this last deflection and dselfweight

be described as the permanent deflection d : its value shall not exceed the maximum

permanent

admissible permanent deformation L /500. In case this permanent deflection d after

A permanent

having released the load, exceeds the limit of L /500, the test has to be redone (a new sample shall

be used) with a reduced F load until the limit of L /500 for d is no more exceeded: this

safe A permanent
load has to be declared as F (in kN/m ).
permanent
L /500

Afterwards, the same panel shall be reloaded up to a total load of F SF (including the self-

safe

weight). The manufacturer shall report a value for SF equal or greater than 1,5. After 30 min under

this loading, the deflection reading shall be taken and this maximum deflection d is reported.

max
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Key
F loading in kN/m d deflection in mm

0 horizontal support of the specimen, after 30 min, deflection reading for dselfweight

1 application of the additional load (F - self weight), after 30 min, deflection reading d

safe safe

2 removal of the additional load, after 30 min, deflection reading and calculation of d with subtraction

permanent
of dselfweight.
dpermanent ≤ LA/500

3 application of F . SF (including self weight), after 30 min, deflection reading for d

safe max

NOTE Procedure a) is used when the sample under test cannot be charged up to a deflection d of 50 mm.

Figure A.1 — Implementation of the test according the procedure a)
b) If the sample under test can be charged up to a deflection of d = 50 mm:

The additional loading is applied until the deflection of the sample under test reaches 50 mm (d )

after 30 min loading. The F corresponding to the self-weight plus additional load is reported as

d50

the load the sample can withstand within a limit of 50 mm for the deflection d. Then, the applied

weights shall be carefully removed from the acoustic element and after 30 min the deflection

reading shall be repeated. The difference between this last deflection and d shall be

selfweight

described as the permanent deflection d : its value shall not exceed the maximum admissible

permanent

permanent deformation L /500. In case this permanent deflection d after having released

permanent

the load, exceeds the limit of L /500, the test has to be redone (a new sample shall be used) with

a reduced F load until the limit of L /500 for d is no more exceeded: this load has to be

safe permanent
declared as F (in kN/m ).
permanent
L /500

Afterwards, the same panel shall be reloaded up to a total load of F SF (including the self-

d50

weight). The manufacturer shall report a value for SF equal or greater than 1,5. After 30 min under

this loading, the deflection reading shall be taken and this maximum deflection d is reported.

max
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Key
F loading in kN/m d deflection in mm
0 horizontal support of the specimen, after 30 min, deflection reading for d
selfweight

1 application of the additional load until a deflection of 50 mm is reached after 30 min under this load and

report this load Fd50 (which includes self weight)

2 removal of the additional load, after 30 min, deflection reading and calculation of d with subtraction

permanent
of dselfweight.
dpermanent ≤ LA/500

3 application of F . SF (including self weight), after 30 min, deflection reading for d

d50 max

NOTE Procedure b) is used when the sample under test can be charged up to a deflection d of 50 mm.

Figure A.2 — implementation of the test according the procedure b)
A.2.3 Test report

The test report shall include a full description of the test arrangements, including details of supports,

procedures and loading of elements.
It shall also include:
a) number and year of this document, i.e. prEN 1794-1:2021;

b) name and address of the testing institute with a dated signature of the person responsible;

c) full description of the test specimen including manufacturer's name and product identifier with

construction drawings of the element with dimensions and photographs showing mounting

conditions; masses, densities, dimensions and specifications of panels, posts and seals, including

any internal components;
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d) number of samples tested;
e) results of tests for the specified load;
A.2.4 Determination by calculation

The determination of characteristic by calculation is only applicable for structural elements and for

acoustic elements that can’t be tested by the method described in A.2.2.

The calculation report shall include full details of assumptions and parameters used including:

a) number and year of this document, i.e. prEN 1794-1:2021;
b) dimensions, including thickness of any reinforcement;

c) materials used, together with their elastic moduli, elastic limits and other relevant data;

d) theoretical basis of calculations;
e) name of the product and the name and address of the manufacturer;

f) name and address of the certifier of the calculation, with date and signature;

g) construction drawings of the element with relevant dimensions;

h) structural calculation (for structural and acoustic elements) including the considered list of

deformation and failure modes and including their results and determination as to whether these

indicate satisfactory behaviour for the specified load.
A.3 Behaviour of structural elements

In determining by calculation deflections of structural elements, rotation and displacements

originating from foundations or from the connection point (e.g. vertical post to non-vertical cantilever)

shall not be taken into account
A.4 Performance of acoustic elements

Some materials could be elastic and some others can brittle: When the sample has, in a horizontal

position, a self weight higher than the declared Fsafe, then the determination shall be done by

calculation.
The following results shall be reported:
a) If the sample under test cannot be charged up to a deflection of d = 50 mm:

1) the manufacturer has to report the maximum load F (in kN/m ) the sample can withstand

safe
with all the following criteria fulfilled:

i) the element shall not show any symptoms of failure such as buckling, permanent

deformation of acoustic elements, or cracks greater than acceptable for exposure to an

environment corresponding to the intended use;

ii) the element shall not become detached from its supports and fixings shall not fail;

iii) fixings such as bolts, welds, adhesives, rivets, etc. shall withstand the force (including the

safety factor) which they are designed to support without symptoms of failure such as

cracks or plastic deformation;
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2) the manufacturer has to report the permanent deflection d in mm obtained after

permanent
releasing the F load;
safe

3) in case the permanent deflection d after having released the load exceeds the limit of

permanent

L/500, the manufacturer has to reduce the load until the limit of L /500 for d is no more

A permanent
exceeded: this load has to be declared as F (in kN/m );
permanent
L /500

4) the manufacturer has to report the maximum deflection d , in millimetres, after reloading

max

until the load F SF. With this deflection, the following criteria shall be fulfilled:

safe

i) the element shall not show any symptoms of failure such as buckling, permanent

deformation of acoustic elements, or cracks greater than acceptable for exposure to an

environment corresponding to the intended use;

ii) the element shall not become detached from its supports and fixings shall not fail;

iii) fixings such as bolts, welds, adhesives, rivets, etc. shall withstand the force (including the

safety factor) which they are designed to support without symptoms of failure such as

cracks or plastic deformation.
b) If the sample under test can be charged up to a deflection of d = 50 mm:

1) the manufacturer has to report the F load (in kN/m ) that corresponds to the deflection of

d50
d = 50 mm; with this deflection, the following criteria shall be fulfilled:

i) the element shall not show any symptoms of failure such as buckling, permanent

deformation of acoustic elements, or cracks greater than acceptable for exposure to an

environment corresponding to the intended use;;

ii) the element shall not become detached from its supports and fixings shall not fail ;

iii) fixings such as bolts, welds, adhesives, rivets, etc. shall withstand the force (including the

safety factor) which they are designed to su
...