EN 60079-7:2015

Explosive atmospheres - Part 7: Equipment protection by increased safety "e"

IEC 60079-7:2015(E) specifies the requirements for the design, construction, testing and marking of electrical equipment and Ex Components with type of protection increased safety "e" intended for use in explosive gas atmospheres. Electrical equipment and Ex Components of type of protection increased safety "e" are either: - Level of Protection "eb" (EPL "Mb" or "Gb"); - or Level of Protection "ec" (EPL "Gc"). Level of Protection "eb" applies to equipment or Ex Components, including their connections, conductors, windings, lamps, and batteries; but not including semiconductors or electrolytic capacitors. Level of Protection "ec" applies to equipment or Ex Components, including their connections, conductors, windings, lamps, and batteries; and also including semiconductors and electrolytic capacitors. The requirements of this standard apply to both Levels of Protection unless otherwise stated. For Level of Protection "eb", this standard applies to electrical equipment where the rated voltage does not exceed 11 kV r.m.s., a.c. or d.c. For Level of Protection "ec", this standard applies to electrical equipment where the rated voltage does not exceed 15 kV r.m.s., a.c. or d.c. This standard supplements and modifies the general requirements of IEC 60079-0. Where a requirement of this standard conflicts with a requirement of IEC 60079-0, the requirement of this standard takes precedence. This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition published in 2006, and constitutes a technical revision. Refer to the Foreword of the document for a complete listing of the technical changes between edition 5.0 and previous edition of the document. Keywords: electrical equipment and Ex Components with type of protection increased safety "e" intended for use in explosive gas atmospheres.

Explosionsgefährdete Bereiche - Teil 7: Geräteschutz durch erhöhte Sicherheit "e"

Atmosphères explosives - Partie 7: Protection du matériel par sécurité augmentée "e"

L'IEC 60079-7:2015 spécifie les exigences spécifiques de conception, de construction, d'essais et de marquage du matériel électrique et des composants Ex avec mode de protection de sécurité augmentée "e" destinés à être utilisés dans les atmosphères explosives gazeuses. Le matériel électrique et les composants Ex de mode de protection de sécurité augmentée "e" sont: - d'un niveau de protection "eb" (EPL "Mb" ou "Gb"); ou - d'un niveau de protection "ec" (EPL "Gc"). Le niveau de protection "eb" s'applique au matériel ou aux composants Ex, y compris leurs connexions, conducteurs, enroulements, lampes et batteries; mais n'inclut pas les semi-conducteurs ou les condensateurs électrolytiques. Le niveau de protection "ec" s'applique au matériel ou aux composants Ex, y compris leurs connexions, conducteurs, enroulements, lampes et batteries; cela inclut également les semi-conducteurs ou les condensateurs électrolytiques. Sauf indication contraire, les exigences de la présente norme s'appliquent aux deux niveaux de protection. Pour le niveau de protection "eb", la présente norme s'applique au matériel électrique si la tension assignée n'est pas supérieure à une valeur efficace de 11 kV, c.a. ou c.c. Pour le niveau de protection "ec", la présente norme s'applique au matériel électrique si la tension assignée n'est pas supérieure à une valeur efficace de 15 kV, c.a. ou c.c. La présente norme complète et modifie les exigences générales de l'IEC 60079-0. Lorsqu'une exigence de la présente norme entre en conflit avec une exigence de l'IEC 60079-0, l'exigence de la présente norme prévaut. Cette cinquième édition annule et remplace la quatrième édition parue en 2006. Cette édition constitue une révision technique. Reportez-vous à l'avant-propos du document pour une liste complète des modifications techniques entre l'édition 5.0 et édition précédente du document. Mots clés: matériel électrique et des composants Ex avec mode de protection de sécurité augmentée "e" destinés à être utilisés dans les atmosphères explosives gazeuses

Eksplozivne atmosfere - 7. del: Zaščita opreme s povečano varnostjo "e" (IEC 60079-7:2015)

Ta del standarda IEC 60079 določa zahteve za načrtovanje, konstrukcijo, preskušanje in označevanje električne opreme in komponent EX z zaščito s povečano varnostjo »e«, ki je namenjena uporabi v eksplozivnih plinskih atmosferah.
Električna oprema in komponente Ex z zaščito s povečano varnostjo »e« imajo:
a) nivo zaščite »eb« (EPL »Mb« ali »Gb«) ali
b) nivo zaščite »ec« (EPL »Gc«)
Nivo zaščite »eb« velja za opremo ali komponente Ex, vključno z njihovimi priključki, vodniki, navitjem, sijalkami in baterijami, pri čemer so polprevodniški elementi ali elektrolitski kondenzatorji izključeni.
OPOMBA 1: Uporaba elektronskih komponent, kot so polprevodniški elementi ali elektrolitski kondenzatorji, ni vključena v nivo zaščite »eb«, saj lahko pričakovane okvare povzročijo prekomerne temperature ali obloke in iskre, če notranje ločilne razdalje niso upoštevane. V splošnem ni praktično vzdrževati ločilnih razdalj in delovanja elektronske komponente.
Nivo zaščite »ec« velja za opremo ali komponente Ex, vključno z njihovimi priključki, vodniki, navitjem, sijalkami in baterijami ter tudi polprevodniškimi elementi ali elektrolitskimi kondenzatorji.
OPOMBA 2: Uporaba elektronskih komponent, kot so polprevodniški elementi ali elektrolitski kondenzatorji, je dovoljena pri nivoju zaščite »ec«, saj je njihovo delovanje preverjeno tako v normalnih pogojih kot pri običajnih pričakovanih dogodkih, tako da ni pričakovati prekomerne temperature ali oblokov in isker. Ker zahteve za ločilne razdalje ne veljajo za njihovo notranjo zgradbo, so komercialno dostopne elektronske komponente v splošnem primerne, če so njihove zunanje ločilne razdalje ustrezne.
Zahteve tega standarda veljajo za oba nivoja zaščite, razen če je drugače navedeno. V okviru nivoja zaščite »eb« se ta standard uporablja za električno opremo z efektivno izmenično ali enosmerno napetostjo do 11 kV.
V okviru nivoja zaščite »ec« se ta standard uporablja za električno opremo, katere nazivna napetost ne presega 15 kV (efektivna vrednost, izmenični tok ali enosmerni tok).
OPOMBA 3: Kratkostični tok, ki teče prek povezav s povečano varnostjo glavnega tokokroga, se ne obravnava kot znatno tveganje za vžig eksplozivne plinske atmosfere zaradi premikanja povezav, ki je posledica mehanskih obremenitev, ki jih tak tok povzroča. Običajni industrijski standardi zahtevajo, da se upošteva vplive kratkočasnega visokega toka na varnost povezav. Prisotnost eksplozivne plinske atmosfere nima negativnega vpliva na varnost povezave.
OPOMBA 4: Kakršnegakoli kratkoročnega odklona toplote, ki je posledica odklona električnega toka nad običajnim nazivnim tokom, kot na primer pri zagonu motorjev, se ne obravnava kot znatno tveganje za vžig eksplozivne plinske atmosfere zaradi relativno kratkega trajanja dogodka in konvekcije,
do katere pride pri dogodku.
OPOMBA 5: Visokonapetostne povezave in z njimi povezane napeljave (nad 1 kV) so lahko občutljive na povečano delno razelektritev, ki so lahko vir vžiga. Običajno so podani povečani odmiki od ozemljenih površin ali drugih povezav in ustrezne metode za zmanjšanje visokih napetosti na priključkih.
Ta standard dopolnjuje in spreminja splošne zahteve standarda IEC 60079-0. Kadar je zahteva iz tega standarda v nasprotju z zahtevo iz standarda IEC 60079-0, ima prednost zahteva iz tega standarda.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 10-Dec-2015
• Withdrawal Date: 30-Jul-2018
• ICS: 29.260.20 - Electrical apparatus for explosive atmospheres
• Technical Committee: CLC/TC 31 - Electrical apparatus for explosive atmospheres - General requirements
• Drafting Committee: CLC/TC 31 - Electrical apparatus for explosive atmospheres - General requirements
• Current Stage: 6060 - Document made available - Publishing
• Start Date: 11-Dec-2015
• Completion Date: 11-Dec-2015
• Directive: 2008/68/EC - Directve 2008/68/EC of the European Parliament and of the council of 24 September 2008 on the inland transport of the dangerous goods
• Directive: 2014/34/EU - Directive 2014/34/EU Of The European Parliament And Of The Council of 26 February 2014 on the harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres (recast)
• Directive: 94/9/EC - Directive 94/9/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of 23 March 1994 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States concerning equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres
• Ref Project: SIST EN 60079-7:2016 - Explosive atmospheres -- Part 7: Equipment protection by increased safety "e" (IEC 60079-7:2015)

Relations

• Replaces: EN 60079-7:2007 - Explosive atmospheres - Part 7: Equipment protection by increased safety "e"
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2023
• Amended By: EN 60079-7:2015/A11:2024 - Explosive atmospheres - Part 7: Equipment protection by increased safety "e"
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2022
• Amended By: EN IEC 60079-7:2015/A1:2018 - Explosive atmospheres - Part 7: Equipment protection by increased safety "e"
• Effective Date: 24-Jan-2017
• Revised: prEN IEC 60079-7:2024 - Explosive atmospheres - Part 7: Equipment protection by increased safety "e"
• Effective Date: 03-Dec-2019

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2016
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 60079-7:2007
(NVSOR]LYQHDWPRVIHUHGHO=DãþLWDRSUHPHVSRYHþDQRYDUQRVWMRH,(&

Explosive atmospheres -- Part 7: Equipment protection by increased safety "e" (IEC
60079-7:2015)
Explosionsfähige Atmosphäre - Teil 7: Geräteschutz durch erhöhte Sicherheit "e" (IEC
60079-7:2015)
Atmosphères explosives -- Partie 7: Protection de l'équipement par sécurité augmentée
"e" (IEC 60079-7:2015)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 60079-7:2015
ICS:
29.260.20 (OHNWULþQLDSDUDWL]D Electrical apparatus for
HNVSOR]LYQDR]UDþMD explosive atmospheres
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60079-7
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
December 2015
ICS 29.260.20 Supersedes EN 60079-7:2007
English Version
Explosive atmospheres - Part 7: Equipment protection by
increased safety "e"
(IEC 60079-7:2015)
Atmosphères explosives - Partie 7: Protection de Explosionsfähige Atmosphäre - Teil 7: Geräteschutz durch
l'équipement par sécurité augmentée "e" erhöhte Sicherheit "e"
(IEC 60079-7:2015) (IEC 60079-7:2015)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2015-07-31. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.

European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2015 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN 60079-7:2015 E
European foreword
The text of document 31/1182/FDIS, future edition 5 of IEC 60079-7, prepared by
IEC/TC 31 "Equipment for explosive atmospheres" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote
and approved by CENELEC as EN 60079-7:2015.

The following dates are fixed:
(dop) 2016-06-11
• latest date by which the document has to be
implemented at national level by
publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national (dow) 2018-07-31
standards conflicting with the
document have to be withdrawn
This document supersedes EN 60079-7:2007.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CENELEC by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).

For the relationship with EU Directive(s) see informative Annex ZZ, which is an integral part of this
document.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 60079-7:2015 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated:

IEC/TS 60034-17 NOTE Harmonized as CLC/TS 60034-17.
IEC 60034-18-41 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60034-18-41.
IEC/TS 60034-25 NOTE Harmonized as CLC/TS 60034-25.
IEC 60079-14 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60079-14.
IEC 60079-17 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60079-17.
IEC 60079-18 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60079-18.
IEC 60079-20-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60079-20-1.
IEC 60079-28 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60079-28.
IEC 60079-29-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60079-29-2.
IEC 60079-30-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60079-30-2.
IEC 60079-35-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60079-35-1.
IEC 60086-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60086-1.
IEC 60095-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60095-1.
IEC 60364-5-55 NOTE Harmonized in EN 60364-5-55 series.
IEC 60622 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60622.
IEC 60623 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60623.
IEC 60664-3 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60664-3.
IEC 60927 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60927.
IEC 61008-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61008-1.
IEC 61056-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61056-1.
IEC 61347-2-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61347-2-1.
IEC 61347-2-4 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61347-2-4.
IEC 61347-2-7 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61347-2-7.
IEC 61347-2-8 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61347-2-8.
IEC 61347-2-9 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61347-2-9.
IEC 61347-2-13 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61347-2-13.
IEC 61951-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61951-1.
IEC 62013-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 62013-1.
ISO 13849-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 13849-1.
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications

The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

NOTE 1 When an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant
EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available here:
www.cenelec.eu
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year

IEC 60034-1 -  Rotating electrical machines -- Part 1: EN 60034-1 -
Rating and performance
IEC 60044-6 -  Instrument transformers -- Part 6: EN 60044-6 -
Requirements for protective current
transformers for transient performance
IEC 60061-1 -  Lamp caps and holders together with EN 60061-1 -
gauges for the control of interchangeability
and safety -- Part 1: Lamp caps
IEC 60061-2 -  Lamp caps and holders together with EN 60061-2 -
gauges for the control of interchangeability
and safety -- Part 2: Lampholders
IEC 60064 -  Tungsten filament lamps for domestic and EN 60064 -
similar general lighting purposes -
Performance requirements
IEC 60068-2-6 -  Environmental testing -- Part 2-6: Tests - EN 60068-2-6 -
Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal)
IEC 60068-2-27 2008 Environmental testing -- Part 2-27: Tests - EN 60068-2-27 2009
Test Ea and guidance: Shock
IEC 60068-2-42 -  Environmental testing -- Part 2-42: Tests - EN 60068-2-42 -
Test Kc: Sulphur dioxide test for contacts
and connections
IEC 60079-0 -  Explosive atmospheres -- Part 0: EN 60079-0 -
Equipment - General requirements
IEC 60079-1 -  Explosive atmospheres -- Part 1: EN 60079-1 -
Equipment protection by flameproof
enclosures "d"
IEC 60079-11 -  Explosive atmospheres -- Part 11: EN 60079-11 -
Equipment protection by intrinsic safety "i"
IEC 60079-30-1 -  Explosive atmospheres -- Part 30-1: EN 60079-30-1 -
Electrical resistance trace heating -
General and testing requirements
IEC 60085 -  Electrical insulation - Thermal evaluation EN 60085 -
and designation
IEC 60112 -  Method for the determination of the proof EN 60112 -
and the comparative tracking indices of
solid insulating materials
IEC 60216-1 -  Electrical insulating materials - Thermal EN 60216-1 -
endurance properties -- Part 1: Ageing
procedures and evaluation of test results
IEC 60216-2 -  Electrical insulating materials - Thermal EN 60216-2 -
endurance properties -- Part 2:
Determination of thermal endurance
properties of electrical insulating materials
- Choice of test criteria
IEC 60228 -  Conductors of insulated cables EN 60228 -
IEC 60238 -  Edison screw lampholders EN 60238 -
IEC 60317-3 2004 Specifications for particular types of - -
+A1 2010 winding wires -- Part 3: Polyester
enamelled round copper wire, class 155
IEC 60317-8 -  Specifications for particular types of EN 60317-8 -
winding wires -- Part 8: Polyesterimide
enamelled round copper wire, class 180
IEC 60317-13 -  Specifications for particular types of EN 60317-13 -
winding wires -- Part 13: Polyester or
polyesterimide overcoated with polyamide-
imide enamelled round copper wire, class
IEC 60317-46 -  Specifications for particular types of EN 60317-46 -
winding wires -- Part 46: Aromatic
polyimide enamelled round copper wire,
class 240
IEC 60400 -  Lampholders for tubular fluorescent lamps EN 60400 -
and starterholders
IEC 60432-1 -  Incandescent lamps - Safety specifications EN 60432-1 -
-- Part 1: Tungsten filament lamps for
domestic and similar general lighting
purposes
IEC 60432-2 -  Incandescent lamps - Safety specifications EN 60432-2 -
-- Part 2: Tungsten halogen lamps for
domestic and similar general lighting
purposes
IEC 60432-3 -  Incandescent lamps - Safety specifications EN 60432-3 -
- Part 3: Tungsten halogen lamps (non-
vehicle)
IEC 60529 -  Degrees of protection provided by - -
enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 60598-1 -  Luminaires -- Part 1: General requirements EN 60598-1 -
and tests
IEC 60664-1 -  Insulation coordination for equipment EN 60664-1 -
within low-voltage systems -- Part 1:
Principles, requirements and tests
IEC 60947-1 -  Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear -- EN 60947-1 -
Part 1: General rules
IEC 60947-7-1 -  Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear -- EN 60947-7-1 -
Part 7-1: Ancillary equipment - Terminal
blocks for copper conductors
IEC 60947-7-2 -  Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear -- EN 60947-7-2 -
Part 7-2: Ancillary equipment - Protective
conductor terminal blocks for copper
conductors
IEC 60947-7-4 -  Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear -- EN 60947-7-4 -
Part 7-4: Ancillary equipment - PCB
terminal blocks for copper conductors
IEC 60998-2-4 -  Connecting devices for low voltage circuits EN 60998-2-4 -
for household and similar purposes -- Part
2-4: Particular requirements for twist-on
connecting devices
IEC 60999-1 -  Connecting devices - Electrical copper EN 60999-1 -
conductors - Safety requirements for
screw-type and screwless-type clamping
units -- Part 1: General requirements and
particular requirements for clamping units
for conductors from 0,2 mm² up to 35 mm²
(included)
IEC 60999-2 -  Connecting devices - Electrical copper EN 60999-2 -
conductors - Safety requirements for
screw-type and screwless-type clamping
units -- Part 2: Particular requirements for
clamping units for conductors above 35
mm² up to 300 mm² (included)
IEC 61184 -  Bayonet lampholders EN 61184 -
IEC 61195 -  Double-capped fluorescent lamps - Safety EN 61195 -
specifications
IEC 61347-1 -  Lamp controlgear - Part 1: General and EN 61347-1 -
safety requirement
IEC 61347-2-3 -  Lamp controlgear -- Part 2-3: Particular EN 61347-2-3 -
requirements for a.c. and/or d.c. supplied
electronic control gear for fluorescent
lamps
IEC 62035 -  Discharge lamps (excluding fluorescent EN 62035 -
lamps) - Safety specifications
ISO 178 -  Plastics - Determination of flexural EN ISO 178 -
properties
ISO 527-2 -  Plastics - Determination of tensile EN ISO 527-2 -
properties – Part 2: Test conditions for
moulding and extrusion plastics
ISO 2859-1 -  Sampling procedures for inspection by - -
attributes - Part 1: Sampling schemes
indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL)
for lot-by-lot inspection
Annex ZZ
(informative)
Relationship between this European standard and the essential requirements of
Directive 94/9/EC aimed to be covered

This European standard has been prepared under a Commission’s standardisation request to provide
one voluntary means of conforming to essential of Directive 94/9/EC of the European Parliament and
the Council of 23 March 1994 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States concerning
equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres.

Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive,
compliance with the normative clauses of this standard given in Table ZZ.1 confers, within the limits of
the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding essential requirements
of that Directive, and associated EFTA regulations.

Table ZZ.1 – Correspondence between this European standard and Annex II of Directive
94/9/EC
Essential Requirements of Clause(s) / sub-clause(s)
Remarks / Notes
Directive of this EN
1.0.1. All clauses This is the purpose of the
Standard.
1.0.2. 4.2 / 4.4 / 4.6 / 5.2 / 5.3 / 5.4 /
5.6 / 5.8 / 5.9 / A.3 / A.5 / B.4.2
1.0.3. 5.2 / 5.3 / 5.6
1.0.4. 4.2 / 4.6 / 4.8
1.0.5. 5.2 / 5.3 / 5.7 / 5.9 / 8.1 / 8.2 /
9.4
1.0.6. 5.7 / 8.2
1.1.1. 5.6 / 4.2
1.1.2. 4.6 / 4.7 / 5.2 / 5.3 / 5.6 / 6.6
1.1.3. 4.2 / 4.3 / 4.9 / 5.2 / 5.3 / 5.6 /
5.8 / 6.1 / 6.6 / 6.7 / 6.8 / 7
1.2.1. All All clauses of the standard
contain up-to-date requirements
1.2.2. 5.3 / 5.6 / 5.9
1.2.3. 5.6 / 6.6 / 6.7
1.2.4. Not covered
1.2.5. 4.10 / 5.3 / B.1
1.2.6. 4.11
1.2.7. 4.8 / 5.6 / B.4
1.2.8. 5.2 / 5.3 / 5.6 / 5.8 / 5.9
1.2.9. Not covered
1.3.1. 4.2 / 4.4 / 4.6 / 5.3 / 5.6 / 6.8
1.3.2. Not covered
1.3.3. 4.4 / 5.3 / 5.6
1.3.4. 5
...