EN 62948:2017
(Main)Industrial networks - Wireless communication network and communication profiles - WIA-FA
Industrial networks - Wireless communication network and communication profiles - WIA-FA
IEC 62948:2017(E) specifies the system architecture and communication protocol of WIA-FA (Wireless Networks for Industrial Automation - Factory Automation) based on IEEE STD 802.11-2012 physical layer (PHY). This document applies to wireless network systems for factory automation measuring, monitoring and control.
Industrielle Kommunikationsnetze - Kommunikationsnetze und Kommunikationsprofile - WIA-FA
Réseaux industriels - Réseau de communication sans fil et profils de communication - WIA-FA
IEC 62948:2017 spécifie l'architecture du système et le protocole de communication des WIA-FA (Wireless Networks for Industrial Automation - Factory Automation) basés sur la couche physique (PHY) de l'IEEE STD 802.11-2012. Le présent document s'applique aux systèmes de réseau sans fil pour la mesure, la surveillance et la commande de l'automatisation d'usine. Le contenu du rectificatif de mars 2021 a été inclus dans cette copie.
Industrijska omrežja - Brezžično komunikacijsko omrežje in komunikacijski profili - WIA-FA (IEC 62948:2017)
Ta mednarodni standard določa sistemsko arhitekturo in komunikacijski protokol WIA-FA (brezžična omrežja za industrijsko avtomatizacijo – tovarniška avtomatizacija), ki temelji na fizični plasti IEEE STD 802.11-2012 (PHY).
Ta dokument se uporablja za brezžične omrežne sisteme za merjenje, spremljanje in nadzorovanje tovarniške avtomatizacije.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2018
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Industrial networks - Wireless communication network and communication profiles - WIA-
FA (IEC 62948:2017)
Industrielle Kommunikationsnetze - Kommunikationsnetze und Kommunikationsprofile -
WIA-FA (IEC 62948:2017)
Réseaux industriels - Réseau de communication sans fil et profils de communication -
WIA-FA (IEC 62948:2017)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 62948:2017
ICS:
25.040.40 Merjenje in krmiljenje Industrial process
industrijskih postopkov measurement and control
35.110 Omreževanje Networking
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 62948
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
December 2017
ICS 25.040.40; 35.110
English Version
Industrial networks - Wireless communication network
and communication profiles - WIA-FA
(IEC 62948:2017)
Réseaux industriels - Réseau de communication sans fil et Industrielle Kommunikationsnetze - Kommunikationsnetze
profils de communication - WIA-FA und Kommunikationsprofile - WIA-FA
(IEC 62948:2017) (IEC 62948:2017)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2017-08-31. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2017 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN 62948:2017 E
European foreword
The text of document 65C/877/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 62948, prepared by SC 65C "Industrial
networks" of IEC/TC 65 "Industrial-process measurement, control and automation" was submitted to
the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN 62948:2017.
The following dates are fixed:
(dop) 2018-06-01
• latest date by which the document has to be
implemented at national level by
publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national (dow) 2020-12-01
standards conflicting with the
document have to be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62948:2017 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following note has to be added for the standard indicated:
IEC 62657-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN 62657-2.
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
NOTE 1 Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant
EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available here:
www.cenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 61588 - Precision clock synchronization protocol - -
for networked measurement and control
systems
IEEE 802.11 2012 IEEE Standard for Information technology - - -
Telecommunications and information
exchange between systems - Local and
metropolitan area networks - Specific
requirements -
Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access
Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY)
Specifications
IEC 62948 ®
Edition 1.0 2017-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Industrial networks – Wireless communication network and communication
profiles – WIA-FA
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 25.040.40; 35.110 ISBN 978-2-8322-4607-8
– 2 – IEC 62948:2017 © IEC 2017
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 12
1 Scope . 14
2 Normative references . 14
3 Terms, definitions, abbreviated terms, and conventions . 14
3.1 Terms and definitions . 14
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 17
3.3 Conventions . 19
4 Data coding . 20
4.1 Overview. 20
4.2 Basic data type coding . 21
4.2.1 Integer coding. 21
4.2.2 Unsigned coding . 21
4.2.3 Float coding . 22
4.2.4 Octetstring coding . 23
4.2.5 BitField coding . 23
4.2.6 Bitstring coding . 24
4.2.7 TimeData coding . 24
4.2.8 KeyData coding . 25
4.3 Structured data type coding . 25
4.3.1 Structure type coding . 25
4.3.2 List type coding . 25
5 WIA-FA overview . 25
5.1 Device types . 25
5.1.1 General . 25
5.1.2 Host computer . 25
5.1.3 Gateway device . 25
5.1.4 Access device . 26
5.1.5 Field device . 26
5.1.6 Handheld device . 26
5.2 Network topology . 26
5.3 Protocol architecture . 27
6 System management . 29
6.1 Overview. 29
6.2 Device Management Application Process . 30
6.2.1 General . 30
6.2.2 Network manager . 32
6.2.3 Security manager . 32
6.2.4 Network management module . 32
6.2.5 Security management module . 32
6.2.6 DMAP state machines . 32
6.3 Addressing and address assignment . 44
6.4 Communication resource allocation . 45
6.4.1 General . 45
6.4.2 Communication resource allocation . 45
6.5 Joining and leave process of field device . 46
6.5.1 Join process of a field device . 46
IEC 62948:2017 © IEC 2017 – 3 –
6.5.2 Communication resource allocation to field device . 47
6.5.3 Leaving process of a field device . 48
6.6 Network performance monitoring . 49
6.6.1 Device status report . 49
6.6.2 Channel condition report . 50
6.7 Management information base and services . 50
6.7.1 Management information base . 50
6.7.2 MIB services . 61
7 Physical layer . 64
7.1 General . 64
7.2 General requirements based on IEEE STD 802.11-2012 . 64
7.3 Additional requirements . 65
7.3.1 General . 65
7.3.2 Frequency band . 65
7.3.3 Channel bitmap . 65
7.3.4 Transmit power . 67
7.3.5 Data rate . 67
8 Data Link Layer . 67
8.1 General . 67
8.1.1 DLL functions . 67
8.1.2 Protocol architecture . 67
8.1.3 WIA-FA superframe . 68
8.1.4 Communication based on multiple access devices . 70
8.1.5 Time synchronization . 72
8.1.6 Frame aggregation/disaggregation. 73
8.1.7 Fragmentation and reassembly . 74
8.1.8 Retransmission . 74
8.2 Data link sub-layer data services . 77
8.2.1 General . 77
8.2.2 DLDE-DATA.request primitive . 77
8.2.3 DLDE-DATA.indication primitive . 78
8.2.4 Time sequence of DLL data service . 79
8.3 Data link sub-layer management services . 80
8.3.1 General . 80
8.3.2 Network discovery services . 81
8.3.3 Time synchronization services . 83
8.3.4 Device joining services . 85
8.3.5 Device status report services . 88
8.3.6 Channel condition report services . 90
8.3.7 Remote attribute get services . 92
8.3.8 Remote attribute set services . 96
8.3.9 Device leaving services . 100
8.4 DLL frame formats . 102
8.4.1 General frame format . 102
8.4.2 Date frame format . 103
8.4.3 Aggregation frame format . 104
8.4.4 NACK frame format . 104
8.4.5 GACK frame format . 104
8.4.6 Beacon frame format . 105
– 4 – IEC 62948:2017 © IEC 2017
8.4.7 Join request frame format . 106
8.4.8 Join response frame format . 106
8.4.9 Leave request frame format . 106
8.4.10 Leave response frame format . 106
8.4.11 Device status report frame format . 106
8.4.12 Channel condition report frame format . 107
8.4.13 Time synchronization request frame format . 107
8.4.14 Time synchronization response frame format . 107
8.4.15 Remote attribute get request frame format . 107
8.4.16 Remote attribute get response frame format . 108
8.4.17 Remote attribute set request frame format . 108
8.4.18 Remote attribute set response frame format . 109
8.5 Data link layer state machines . 109
8.5.1 DLL state machine of access device . 109
8.5.2 DLL state machine of field device . 117
8.5.3 Functions used in DLL state machines . 123
9 Wired specifications between GW and AD . 124
9.1 Overview. 124
9.2 Join process of access device . 124
9.3 Frame formats between GW and AD . 124
9.4 Communication based on multiple access device . 127
10 Application Layer . 127
10.1 Overview. 127
10.2 AL protocol stack . 127
10.3 AL functions . 128
10.3.1 Data functions . 128
10.3.2 Management functions . 128
10.3.3 Communication models . 129
10.4 Application data . 129
10.4.1 General . 129
10.4.2 Attribute data . 129
10.4.3 Process data . 129
10.4.4 Event data . 130
10.5 User application process . 131
10.5.1 General . 131
10.5.2 User application object . 132
10.5.3 IO data image on gateway device . 132
10.5.4 Alarm mechanism . 133
10.5.5 Application configuration. 134
10.6 Application services . 140
10.6.1 Confirmed services and unconfirmed services . 140
10.6.2 Read service . 141
10.6.3 Write service . 143
10.6.4 Publish service . 144
10.6.5 Report service . 145
10.6.6 Report ACK service . 146
10.6.7 Start service . 147
10.6.8 Stop service . 148
10.7 Application sub-layer . 149
IEC 62948:2017 © IEC 2017 – 5 –
10.7.1 Overview . 149
10.7.2 ASL data service . 149
10.7.3 ASL management service . 152
10.7.4 ASL message format . 153
11 Security . 172
11.1 General . 172
11.1.1 Security management architecture . 172
11.1.2 Security functions . 174
11.1.3 Keys . 174
11.2 Security services . 175
11.2.1 General . 175
11.2.2 Key establish service . 175
11.2.3 Key update service . 178
11.2.4 Security alarm service . 180
11.3 Secure join . 181
11.3.1 General . 181
11.3.2 Secure join process of FD. 182
11.4 Key management . 183
11.4.1 General . 183
11.4.2 Key establish process . 183
11.4.3 Key update process . 184
11.5 DLL secure communication . 186
11.6 Security alarm . 187
11.7 Secure frame format . 187
11.7.1 General secure DLL frame format . 187
11.7.2 Secure aggregation frame format . 188
11.7.3 Key establish request frame format . 188
11.7.4 Key establish response frame format . 189
11.7.5 Key update request frame format . 189
11.7.6 Key update response frame format . 189
11.7.7 Security alarm request frame format . 190
Annex A (informative) Security strategy for WIA-FA network . 191
A.1 Risk analysis for WIA-FA network . 191
A.2 Security principles for WIA-FA network . 191
A.3 Security objectives for WIA-FA network . 191
A.4 Security grade of WIA-FA network . 191
Annex B (informative) Regional modification for compliance with ETSI standards . 193
B.1 General . 193
B.2 Compliance with ETSI EN 300 440-2 V1.4.1 . 193
B.3 Compliance with ETSI EN 300 328V1.9.1. 193
Bibliography . 197
Figure 1 – Conventions used for state machines . 19
Figure 2 – Integer coding . 21
Figure 3 – Unsigned coding . 21
Figure 4 – Single float coding . 22
Figure 5 – Double float coding . 23
Figure 6 – WIA-FA redundant star topology . 27
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Figure 7 – OSI basic reference model mapped to WIA-FA . 27
Figure 8 – Protocol architecture of WIA-FA . 28
Figure 9 – Data flow over WIA-FA network . 29
Figure 10 – System management scheme . 29
Figure 11 – DMAP of management system. 30
Figure 12 – DMAP state machine of gateway device . 33
Figure 13 – DMAP sub-state machine of gateway device for each field device . 33
Figure 14 – DMAP state machine of a field device . 37
Figure 15 – DMAP state machine of an access device . 40
Figure 16 – Long address structure of device . 45
Figure 17 – Join process of field device . 47
Figure 18 – Communication resource allocation process for a field device . 48
Figure 19 – Passive leave process of a field device . 49
Figure 20 – Device status report process of field device . 49
Figure 21 – Channel condition report process of field device . 50
Figure 22 – BitMap format . 66
Figure 23 – WIA-FA DLL protocol architecture . 68
Figure 24 – The template of timeslot . 68
Figure 25 – WIA-FA default superframe . 69
Figure 26 – WIA-FA superframe . 70
Figure 27 – The example of WIA-FA devices multi-channel communication. 70
Figure 28 – An example of beacon communication based on multiple ADs . 71
Figure 29 – Process of one-way time synchronization . 72
Figure 30 – Process of two-way time synchronization . 73
Figure 31 – Aggregation frame payload format . 74
Figure 32 – Example of NACK-based retransmission mode . 75
Figure 33 – Example of multi-unicast retransmission mode . 76
Figure 34 – Example of multi-broadcast retransmission mode . 76
Figure 35 – Example of GACK-based timeslot backoff mode . 77
Figure 36 – Time sequence of period data service from FD to GW . 79
Figure 37 – Time sequence of other data service from FD to GW . 80
Figure 38 – Time sequence of data service from GW to FD . 80
Figure 39 – Network discovery process . 82
Figure 40 – Time synchronization process . 85
Figure 41 – Device join process . 88
Figure 42 – Device status report process . 90
Figure 43 – Channel condition report process . 91
Figure 44 – Remote attribute get process . 96
Figure 45 – Remote attribute set process . 100
Figure 46 – Device leave process . 101
Figure 47 – General frame format . 102
Figure 48 – DLL frame header . 102
Figure 49 – DLL frame control format . 102
IEC 62948:2017 © IEC 2017 – 7 –
Figure 50 – DLL Date frame format . 103
Figure 51 – DLL Aggregation frame format . 104
Figure 52 – NACK frame format . 104
Figure 53 – NACK information . 104
Figure 54 – GACK frame format . 104
Figure 55 – GACK_Struct Structure . 104
Figure 56 – DLL Beacon frame format . 105
Figure 57 – Shared timeslot count . 105
Figure 58 – DLL join request frame format . 106
Figure 59 – DLL join request frame format . 106
Figure 60 – DLL leave request frame format . 106
Figure 61 – DLL leave response frame format . 106
Figure 62 – DLL Device status report frame format . 106
Figure 63 – DLL Channel condition report frame format . 107
Figure 64 – DLL time synchronization request frame format . 107
Figure 65 – DLL time synchronization response frame format . 107
Figure 66 – DLL Remote attribute get request frame format . 108
Figure 67 – DLL remote attribute get response frame format . 108
Figure 68 – DLL Remote attribute set request frame format . 109
Figure 69 – DLL remote attribute set response frame format . 109
Figure 70 – DLL state machine of access device. 110
Figure 71 – DLL state machine of field device . 118
Figure 72 – General frame format between GW and AD . 124
Figure 73 – AL within the protocol architecture of WIA-FA . 128
Figure 74 – The relationships between UAPs and DAPs . 132
Figure 75 – User application objects in a field device . 132
Figure 76 – Example of IO data images on the gateway device . 133
Figure 77 – C/S VCR relationships between GW and FDs . 136
Figure 78 – P/S VCR relationships between GW and FDs . 137
Figure 79 – R/S VCR relationships between GW and FDs . 138
Figure 80 – Application configuration procedure for a field device . 139
Figure 81 – Example of UAO data aggregation and disaggregation process . 140
Figure 82 – Read request message format . 141
Figure 83 – Read positive response message format . 142
Figure 84 – Read negative response message format . 142
Figure 85 – Read service process . 143
Figure 86 – Write request message format . 143
Figure 87 – Write negative response message format . 143
Figure 88 – Write service process . 144
Figure 89 – Publish request message format . 145
Figure 90 – Publish process from FD to GW . 145
Figure 91 – Publish process from GW to FD . 145
Figure 92 – Report request message format . 145
– 8 – IEC 62948:2017 © IEC 2017
Figure 93 – Report service process . 146
Figure 94 – Report ACK request message format . 146
Figure 95 – Report ACK positive response message format . 146
Figure 96 – Report ACK negative response message format . 147
Figure 97 – Report ACK service process . 147
Figure 98 – Start service process . 148
Figure 99 – Stop service process . 149
Figure 100 – ASL general message format . 153
Figure 101 – Format of Message control field . 153
Figure 102 – Confirmed application service primitives among layers . 155
Figure 103 – Unconfirmed application service primitives among layers . 156
Figure 104 – ASL management service primitives between ASL and UAP . 156
Figure 105 – State transition diagram of AMCL . 157
Figure 106 – State transition diagram of AMSV . 159
Figure 107 – State transition diagram of AMPB . 162
Figure 108 – State transitions diagram of AMSB . 165
Figure 109 – State transitions diagram of AMRS . 168
Figure 110 – State transitions diagram of AMRK . 169
Figure 111 – Security management architecture . 173
Figure 112 – Life cycle of keys . 175
Figure 113 – Format of NONCE . 176
Figure 114 – Time sequence of key establishment . 178
Figure 115 – Time sequence of key updating . 180
Figure 116 – SecAlarmt_Struct structure . 180
Figure 117 – Time sequence of security alarm . 181
Figure 118 – Secure join process of field device . 183
Figure 119 – Key establish process for field device . 184
Figure 120 – Key update state machine for FD . 185
Figure 121 – General secure DLL frame format . 187
Figure 122 – Secure aggregation frame format . 188
Figure 123 – Key establish request frame format . 189
Figure 124 – Key establish response frame format . 189
Figure 125 – Key update request frame format . 189
Figure 126 – Key update response frame format . 189
Figure 127 – Security alarm request frame format . 190
Figure B.1 – Timeslot timing template . 194
Table 1 – Conventions used for state transitions . 20
Table 2 – Integer16 coding . 21
Table 3 – Unsigned16 coding . 22
Table 4 – Octetstring coding . 23
Table 5 – Coding of BitField8 data with one octet . 24
Table 6 – Coding of BitField16 data with two octets . 24
IEC 62948:2017 © IEC 2017 – 9 –
Table 7 – Coding of BitField24 data with three octets . 24
Table 8 – Bitstring coding . 24
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