EN 60107-7:1997
(Main)Methods of measurement on receivers for television - Part 7: HDTV displays
Methods of measurement on receivers for television - Part 7: HDTV displays
Deals with the standard conditions and methods of measurement on high definition television (HDTV) displays. Deals with the determination of performance and permits comparision of equipment by listing characteristics useful for specifications and laying down uniform methods of measurement.
Meßverfahren für Empfänger von Fernseh-Rundfunksendungen - Teil 7: HDTV-Wiedergabeeinrichtungen
Méthodes de mesures pour les récepteurs de télévision - Partie 7: Dispositifs de visualisation TVHD
Traite des conditions et méthodes de mesure normalisées applicables aux dispositifs de visualisation haute définition (TVHD). Permet la détermination du niveau de performance d'équipements ainsi que leur comparaison en dressant la liste des caractéristiques représentatives et en proposant des méthodes uniformes de mesure.
Methods of measurement on receivers for television -- Part 7: HDTV displays (IEC 60107-7:1997)
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-april-1999
Methods of measurement on receivers for television -- Part 7: HDTV displays (IEC
60107-7:1997)
Methods of measurement on receivers for television -- Part 7: HDTV displays
Meßverfahren für Empfänger von Fernseh-Rundfunksendungen -- Teil 7: HDTV-
Wiedergabeeinrichtungen
Méthodes de mesures pour les récepteurs de télévision -- Partie 7: Dispositifs de
visualisation TVHD
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 60107-7:1997
ICS:
33.160.25 Televizijski sprejemniki Television receivers
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC
60107-7
INTERNATIONAL
Première édition
STANDARD
First edition
1997-02
Méthodes de mesures pour les récepteurs
de télévision –
Partie 7:
Dispositifs de visualisation TVHD
Methods of measurement on receivers
for television –
Part 7: HDTV displays
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60107-7 © IEC:1997 – 3 –
CONTENTS
Page
FOREWORD . 7
Clause
1 General. 10
1.1 Scope and object. 10
1.2 Normative references.10
1.3 Definitions. 11
1.4 Types of displays . 12
2 General notes on measurements. 12
2.1 General. 12
2.1.1 Operation conditions. 12
2.1.2 Presentation of results . 12
2.1.3 Environmental conditions. 14
2.1.4 Precautions during measurement. 14
2.1.5 Power supply. 14
2.1.6 Stabilization period. 15
2.1.7 Test room. 16
2.2 Input signals. 16
2.2.1 Video signals. 15
2.3 Test signals. 16
2.3.1 Video test signals (general remarks) . 16
2.3.2 Audio test signals. 22
2.4 Test instruments. 23
2.4.1 Video test signal generator . 24
2.4.2 Audio test signal generator . 24
2.4.3 Oscilloscope. 24
2.4.4 Luminance meter and colorimeter . 24
2.4.5 Other optical measuring instruments. 24
2.4.6 Measurement setup. 24
2.5 Standard measuring conditions . 25
2.5.1 Standard input signal levels . 25
2.5.2 Standard output signal levels. 26
2.5.3 Standard display settings. 26
2.5.4 General measurement procedure. 28
3 Tests under general operating conditions . 28
3.1 Electrical and mechanical performance. 28
3.1.1 Introduction. 28
3.1.2 Methods of measurement. 30
3.2 Power consumption.32
3.2.1 Method of measurement. 32
60107-7 © IEC:1997 – 5 –
Clause Page
4 Characteristics of displayed pictures. 32
4.1 General properties of the picture . 32
4.1.1 General. 32
4.1.2 Geometrical distortion. 32
4.1.3 Over- and under-scanning and centring . 40
4.1.4 Luminance and contrast . 44
4.1.5 Uniformity of luminance. 48
4.1.6 Uniformity of chromaticity. 49
4.1.7 Convergence and registration errors . 50
4.1.8 White balance. 52
4.1.9 Resolution. 52
4.1.10 Colour fidelity . 54
4.1.11 Picture breathing. 54
4.1.12 Local picture distortion. 56
4.1.13 Sound-to-picture interference . 56
4.1.14 Other characteristics of the picture. 58
4.2 Synchronizing quality. 58
4.2.1 Synchronizing range. 58
4.2.2 Pulling on whites . 60
4.2.3 Quality of interlace . 61
4.3 Characteristics inherent in projection type displays. 62
4.3.1 General. 62
4.3.2 Viewing angle and dependence of luminance uniformity on the angle. 63
4.3.3 Dependence of chromaticity on viewing angle. 65
4.3.4 Screen gain and luminous flux index of a projector. 66
4.4 Characteristics inherent in LCD displays. 70
4.4.1 General. 70
4.4.2 Viewing angle and dependence of luminance uniformity on the angle. 72
4.4.3 Dependence of chromaticity on viewing angle. 72
4.4.4 Variation of luminance with time . 72
5 Characteristics of video channels. 73
5.1 Characteristics of the luminance channel. 74
5.1.1 General. 74
5.1.2 Amplitude response to video frequency. 74
5.1.3 Linear waveform response . 76
5.1.4 Line time non-linearity. 78
5.1.5 Black level stability. 80
5.2 Characteristics of the colour difference channel. 82
5.2.1 General. 82
5.2.2 Matrix error. 82
5.2.3 Y/C timing. 83
5.2.4 Other characteristics. 84
Tables. 85
Figures. 91
Annex A – Bibliography . 129
60107-7 © IEC:1997 – 7 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
_________
METHODS OF MEASUREMENT ON RECEIVERS FOR TELEVISION
BROADCAST TRANSMISSIONS –
Part 7: HDTV displays
FOREWORD
1) The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards. Their preparation is
entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may
participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization
for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two
organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an
international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation
from all interested National Committees.
3) The documents produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published in the form
of standards, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National Committees in that sense.
4) In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC International
Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Any
divergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearly
indicated in the latter.
5) The IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards.
6) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject
of patent rights. The IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60107-7 has been prepared by IEC subcommittee 100A: Receiving
equipment, of IEC technical committee 100: Audio, video and multimedia systems and equipment.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
100A/23/FDIS 100A/43/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
Annex A is for information only.
60107-7 © IEC:1997 – 9 –
METHODS OF MEASUREMENT ON RECEIVERS FOR TELEVISION
BROADCAST TRANSMISSIONS –
Part 7: HDTV displays
1 General
1.1 Scope and object
This part of IEC 107 deals with the standard conditions and methods of measurement on high
definition television (HDTV) displays. Such displays may be used as an integral part of an
HDTV receiver for direct off-air reception, reception via cabled networks, or as a monitor for
pre-recorded video, home movies and games, among other applications.
This standard deals with the determination of performance, and permits the comparison of
equipment by listing the characteristics which are useful for specifications and by laying down
uniform methods of measurement for these characteristics. Performance requirements are not
specified.
This standard does not deal with general safety matters, for which reference should be made
*
to IEC 65 [1] or other appropriate IEC safety standards.
NOTE – Methods of measurement on wide-screen displays for conventional television signals are dealt with
in IEC 60107-1.
1.2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text,
constitute provisions of this part of IEC 107. At the time of publication, the editions indicated
were valid. All normative documents are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based
on this part of IEC 107 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent
editions of the normative documents indicated below. Members of ISO and IEC maintain
registers of currently valid International Standards.
IEC 68: Environmental testing
IEC 68-1: 1988, Environmental testing – Part 1: General and guidance
IEC 60107-1: 1997, Methods of measurement on receivers for television broadcast trans-
missions – Part 1: General considerations – Measurements at radio and video frequencies
IEC 60107-2: 1997, Methods of measurement on receivers for television broadcast trans-
missions – Part 2: Audio channels – General methods and methods for monophonic channels
ITU-R Recommendation BT.471-1: 1994, Nomenclature and description of colour bar signals
________
*
Figures in square brackets refer to the bibliography given in annex A.
60107-7 © IEC:1997 – 11 –
1.3 Definitions
For the purpose of this part of IEC 107, the following definitions apply:
1.3.1 : Integral part of an HDTV receiver or a monitor for displaying picture
HDTV display
information carried by the HDTV video signals defined in the Recommendation ITU-R BT.709-1
[2] or similar signals with an aspect ratio of 16:9.
It may include audio amplifiers and loudspeakers.
NOTES
1 The ITU-R Recommendation BT.709-1 [2] defines basic parameters of HDTV signals and their signal formats
for 1125/60/2:1 and 1250/50/2:1 systems.
2 Conventional television displays with an aspect ratio of 16:9 are not dealt with by this standard. This type of
display is dealt with by the future IEC/FDIS 107-1.
1.3.2 : In a given direction, the luminous intensity per unit of projected area of any
luminance
surface as viewed for that direction.
The luminance value is expressed in candela per square metre.
1.3.3 : Property of colour stimulus defined by its chromaticity co-ordinates (x,y) of
chromaticity
the CIE 1931 standard colorimetric system [3], or chromaticity co-ordinates (u′,v′) of the CIE 1976
uniform chromaticity system [3].
1.4 Types of displays
HDTV displays in this standard include direct-view types using a cathode ray tube (CRT) and
liquid crystal display (LCD), and projection types using CRTs and LCDs.
It is assumed that the displays are equipped with input terminals for analogue baseband
signals.
2 General notes on measurements
2.1 General
Measurement shall be made in accordance with the following conditions to ensure repeatable
results.
If audio channels and loudspeakers are provided, characteristics of the audio channels shall be
measured by the methods specified in IEC 60107-2.
2.1.1 Operation conditions
Unless specified otherwise in the relevant clauses, both the audio and picture parts shall be in
operation and the scanning circuits shall be properly synchronized. The contrast and
brightness controls should be set at the standard settings specified in 2.5. If different values
are used, they shall be noted with the results.
2.1.2 Presentation of results
Measurement results shall be listed in a table or presented graphically. However, the
relationship between two or more quantities is often more clearly represented in a graph than
as a table.
60107-7 © IEC:1997 – 13 –
When the results of a point-by-point measurement for an individual sample are presented as a
continuous curve in a graph, the measured points shall be clearly indicated. Extrapolated,
theoretical or other information presented, but not based on direct measurement, shall be
clearly distinguished from measured curves, for example by another style of drawing. Linear or
logarithmic scales are recommended for graphical presentation. Linear decibel scales are
equivalent to logarithmic scales.
If deviations from the recommended method are adopted, these shall be clearly stated with the
results. When known, the accuracy of measuring instruments shall also be given.
2.1.3 Environmental conditions
Measurements and mechanical checks may be carried out at any combination of temperature,
humidity and pressure within the following limits:
– ambient temperature: 15 °C to 35 °C, preferably 20 °C;
– relative humidity: 25 % to 75 %;
– air pressure: 86 kPa to 106 kPa.
If the manufacturer finds it necessary to specify climatic conditions differing from the above,
these should be chosen from IEC 68-1 and the measurements shall be made under these
specified conditions.
The conditions mentioned above represent those under which the equipment is required to
meet its specifications. Over a wider range, the equipment may operate but not meet all of its
specifications and it may be permissible to store the equipment under much more extreme
conditions. For more complete discussion of these concepts, reference should be made to IEC 68.
2.1.4 Precautions during measurement
When carrying out measurements, all test conditions or operations which may lead to damage
of the display shall be avoided. This applies particularly to sensitive, solid-state devices and
similar constructions.
If a protective cover is removed and parts that are directly connected to the mains become
accessible, the equipment shall be connected to the a.c. mains via a safety transformer, the
secondary winding of which is insulated in accordance with the principle of double insulation.
It shall be ascertained that the use of a safety transformer does not influence the receiver
properties to be measured. In particular, the internal impedance of the safety transformer shall
be sufficiently low for the behaviour of the display to be the same as when directly connected
to the mains supply.
2.1.5 Power supply
Measurements of the display characteristics shall be carried out at the rated voltage of the power
supply. The fluctuation of the power supply voltage during the tests shall not exceed ±2 %.
When a.c. mains are used, the frequency fluctuation and the harmonic components of the
power supply shall not exceed ± 2 % and 5 % respectively.
To determine the influence of variations in the supply voltages on the display characteristics,
supplementary measurements may be needed at overvoltages and undervoltages, these being
chosen appropriately with due regard to the manufacturer's specifications.
60107-7 © IEC:1997 – 15 –
2.1.6 Stabilization period
In order to ensure that when measurement begins, characteristics do not change significantly
with time, the display shall be operated under standard measuring conditions for a sufficient
period to permit the characteristics to stabilize.
2.1.7 Test room
Measurements shall be carried out in a room that is not subject to disturbing external
interference from electromagnetic fields. If interference may effect the results, the measure-
ments shall be carried out in a screened room.
2.2 Input signals
2.2.1 Video signals
Input video signals to the display shall be YP P component signals
B R
where
Y is the luminance signal;
P is the B-Y signal;
B
P is the R-Y signal.
R
The synchronizing signal shall be a composite sync signal consisting of tri-level, bipolar line
synchronizing pulses and field synchronizing pulses.
The Y signal shall be accompanied by the synchronizing signal.
Some displays may require R, G, and B signals instead of the YP P component signals. Such
B R
displays require that the synchronizing signal or line and field driving pulses be separate.
NOTE – Some displays can be operated by negative synchronizing pulses.
2.3 Test signals
2.3.1 Video test signals (general remarks)
Waveforms of test signals and test patterns shown in this clause are examples; however, other
signals with similar characteristics may also be used.
The amplitude of a picture component is measured from the blanking level and expressed as a
percentage to the amplitude of the reference white level. The black level coincides with the
blanking level.
The white reference level can be obtained from the Y signals for composite test patterns,
colour bars and staircase signals, which are defined in this subclause.
NOTE – In order to avoid excessive overshoots of the signal waveform which may occur in the display under
test, high-frequency components of the video signal beyond the nominal frequency bandwidth of the system
should be attenuated by suitable low-pass filters.
60107-7 © IEC:1997 – 17 –
2.3.1.1 Composite test pattern signal
A composite test pattern signal comprises a combination of monochrome and colour signal
components that offer as much information as possible on the performance of the displays.
Such a pattern should include at least the following items:
– circles and equidistant horizontal and vertical lines for linearity and colour convergence
checks;
– a marking to check the visible picture size (see 4.1.3);
– a known brightness scale comprising 5 to 10 brightness steps for gradation checks;
– vertical and horizontal definition wedges in the centre and in the four corners of the
picture area;
– vertical bars of different widths or a wedge and horizontal blocks giving black-white and
white-black transitions for checking overshoot, reflections and low-frequency response;
– areas at the reference white level and black level to check the maximum and minimum
brightness of the picture;
– coloured areas to check decoding operation, colour transitions and luminance/-
chrominance time equalization.
An average picture level (APL) of the pattern signal should be approximately 50 %.
2.3.1.2 Colour bar signal
A colour bar signal consists of vertical bands of colours in order of descending luminance, left
to right, as defined in Recommendation ITU-R BT.471-1. For the measurements of the display,
a 100 % colour bar signal consisting of (100/0/100/0) bars shall be used (for the nomenclature
of bars, refer to ITU-R BT.471-1).
R, G and B primary bar signals are shown in figure 1.
Y, P and P bar signals shall comply with the HDTV standard used. Waveforms of the signals
B R
are shown in figure 2.
2.3.1.3 Black and white cross-hatch pattern signals
The white cross-hatch pattern signal produces a white cross-hatch on a black background and
the black cross-hatch pattern signal produces a black cross-hatch on a white background.
The white cross-hatch pattern is used to measure convergence errors or registration errors of
displays, and the black cross-hatch pattern is used as a scale for locating a point on the screen
and other purposes.
The cross-hatch pattern consists of equidistant horizontal and vertical lines which form
rectangular windows. The screen has 13 and 21 lines, respectively, as shown in figure 3.
These patterns require Y signal only.
2.3.1.4 Full white and full black signals
The full white and full black signals are flat level Y signals whose amplitudes are set at 100 %
and 0 % as shown in figure 4.
These signals are used to measure luminance and other characteristics of a display.
60107-7 © IEC:1997 – 19 –
2.3.1.5 White window signal
The white window signal is a Y signal which produces a white rectangular window on a black
background as shown in figure 5. The width of the window is half the picture height. The signal
amplitude of the window is variable from 10 % to 100 %.
This signal is used to measure luminance of a display.
2.3.1.6 Black and white window signal
The black and white window signal is a Y signal which produces a white rectangular window
and four black rectangular windows on the 50 % grey background as shown in figure 6.
The size of the windows is 2/15th of the picture height.
This signal is used to measure contrast of a display.
NOTE – This signal is adopted by the ITU-R Recommendation BT.815-1 [4]. Detailed parameters of the signal
are described in this Recommendation.
2.3.1.7 Line and window signal
The line and window signal is a Y signal which consists of two vertical white lines placed at the
left and right sides of the picture and a window placed at the centre as shown in figure 7. The
background is set at black level.
This signal is used to measure local picture distortion due to variation of the CRT beam
current.
2.3.1.8 Composite sine-wave signal
The composite sine-wave signal consists of a variable-frequency sine-wave component
superimposed on a 50 % Y level with a peak-to-peak amplitude of 40 % as shown in figure 8.
The frequency of the sine-wave is variable from 100 kHz to 30 MHz.
This signal is mainly used to measure amplitude-frequency response of the luminance channel.
2.3.1.9 Multiburst signal
The multiburst signal comprises a white reference pulse and seven bursts of discrete
frequencies from 1 MHz to 30 MHz. The frequency bursts having a peak-to-peak value of 40 %
are superimposed on a 50 % Y level. Its waveform is shown in figure 9.
This signal is used to measure amplitude-frequency response of the luminance channel.
2.3.1.10 2T pulse and bar signal
The pulse and bar signal is composed of a sine-squared pulse and a sine-squared bar on the
same line. The pulse width at the half amplitude and the rise time of the bar are equal to 2T:
2 =T
f
v
where
f is the nominal frequency bandwidth of the video signal;
v
2T = 33 ns for a 30 MHz bandwidth.
60107-7 © IEC:1997 – 21 –
Duration of the bar is 36/128 H when measured at its half amplitude (H equals the line scan
period).
A line-time waveform of the signal is shown in figure 10.
This signal is used to measure linear waveform response of the video channel.
2.3.1.11 Horizontal bar signal
The horizontal bar signal is a Y signal which produces a horizontal white bar, whose width is
equal to one half of the picture height, on the black background as shown in figure 11.
This signal is used to measure low-frequency square-wave response of the video channel.
2.3.1.12 Staircase signal and APL-variable staircase signal
Generally a staircase signal with a five-riser is used as the test signal.
A line-time waveform of the five-riser signal is shown in figure 12a.
The APL-variable staircase signal is composed of the staircase signal of one line and flat level
signals of four lines. The average picture level of the total signal can be adjusted in a range of
10 % to 90 % by varying the amplitude of the flat level signals from 0 % to 100 %. A waveform
of the signal is shown in figure 12b.
These signals are used to measure line-time non-linearity of the video channel.
2.3.1.13 PLUGE signal
The signal arranges narrow black horizontal stripes on the left-hand side, two black stripes on
the right-hand side and a white window on the black background as shown in figure 13. The
levels of the left and right stripes are alternately set at 11 and 21 measured with an eight bit
quantizing level, while the levels of the white and black correspond to 235 and 16, respectively.
This signal is used to set the black level and to measure the peak white level.
NOTE – This signal is adopted by the ITU-R as Recommendation BT.814-1 [5]. Detailed parameters of the
signal are described in this Recommendation.
The acronym, PLUGE, is derived from "Picture Line-up Generating Equipment".
2.3.1.14 Checkered pattern signal
The checkered pattern comprises checkered patterns on the left and right sides and a vertical line
in the middle as shown in figure 14. The background of the pattern is set at a 25 % level. The
checker consists of black and white square blocks with a width of one ninth of the picture height.
This pattern is used to test the pulling on whites.
2.3.2 Audio test signals
a) 1 kHz sine-wave signal
b) Frequency-variable sine-wave signal
The sine-wave signal operates in a frequency range of 50 Hz to 15 kHz.
60107-7 © IEC:1997 – 23 –
2.4 Test instruments
2.4.1 Video test signal generator
The video test signal generator shall be capable of generating the test signals specified in 2.3.1
in the form of YP P component signals of the system for which the display under test is
B R
designed.
Measurements of the colour difference channel require the test signal with a single colour
component (R, G or B). Measurements of the synchronizing range require a test generator with
variable line and field frequencies.
2.4.2 Audio test signal generator
The audio test signal generator shall be capable of generating the test signals specified
in 2.3.2 with an output level of 0,5 V r.m.s. across 47 kΩ.
2.4.3 Oscilloscope
A conventional oscilloscope covering the video frequency range can be used. It is, however,
necessary to prepare a very low capacitance probe when measuring the characteristics of the
video channel at the CRT electrodes.
2.4.4 Luminance meter and colorimeter
The luminance meter (photometer) shall be capable of measuring the luminance of a small area
2 2
on the screen within a range of 0,2 cd/m to about 1 000 cd/m .
The colorimeter shall be capable of measuring the chromaticity of a small area on the screen
as chromaticity co-ordinates (x,y) or (u′,v′) at a luminance level lower than 2 cd/m . For precise
measurement of the chromaticity co-ordinates, a colorimeter of spectrometer type is required.
The area should be a circle with a diameter less than 4 % of the screen width.
When measuring projection type displays and LCD displays, the luminance and chromaticity
are measured at a location away from the screen. For this purpose, meters with a telescopic
lens are required.
2.4.5 Other optical measuring instruments
A sliding gauge or a cathetometer is required for measuring geometric distortion of the picture.
When measuring viewing angles of projection and LCD displays, it is necessary to set the
luminance meter on a stand with the scales of azimuth and elevation angles. When measuring
a screen gain of a projector, an illuminance meter may be required.
2.4.6 Measurement set-up
A notional block diagram of the measurement set-up is shown in figure 15.
2.5 Standard measuring conditions
Unless otherwise specified, the conditions described in this subclause shall be applied.
60107-7 © IEC:1997 – 25 –
2.5.1 Standard input signal levels
The input voltage of each video signal shall comprise the following values at the baseband
signal input terminal:
–YP P component signals Y: 700 mV (without sync),
B R
P : ± 350 mV (without sync),
B
P : ± 350 mV (without sync),
R
when measured with a 100 % colour bar signal. The Y signal shall be combined with the
sync signal;
– sync signal (tri-level): ± 300 mV.
The time difference between Y, P and P signals at the input terminals shall be within 3 ns. Care
B R
should be taken that if separate cables are used to connect output terminals of the video test signal
generator and input terminals of the display, the cables are of the same type and with equal length.
If R, G, B signals are required, their levels shall be 700 mV for a white reference signal without
sync signals.
The standard input voltage of the audio signal of an audio channel shall be 500 mV r.m.s. at
the audio signal input terminal at 1 kHz.
2.5.2 Standard output signal levels
2.5.2.1 Standard audio output signal levels
The standard output power of an audio channel shall be a power 10 dB lower than the rated
output power at 1 kHz when terminated with a resistor equal to the impedance of the speaker
measured at 1 kHz.
2.5.3 Standard display settings
2.5.3.1 Input signal levels
The standard levels specified in 2.5.1. shall be used.
2.5.3.2 Contrast and brightness of the picture
Contrast and brightness controls shall be set to their normal positions when these are
recommended, or preset by the manufacturer. If such positions are not given, the contrast and
brightness controls shall be adjusted using the composite test pattern for optimum picture
quality, and the settings shall be stated with the results.
The contrast setting and the video output voltage for the display under these conditions are
defined as "normal contrast setting" and "normal brightness setting", respectively.
2.5.3.3 Picture (quality enhancement) control or switch
The picture (quality enhancement) control or switch, if provided, shall be set at the normal
quality position.
60107-7 © IEC:1997 – 27 –
2.5.3.4 Colour (saturation) and hue controls
The colour (saturation) and hue controls, if provided, shall be set to their normal positions. If
such positions are not indicated, these controls shall be set to the best picture quality with the
colour bar signal specified in 2.3.1.
2.5.3.5 Sync control(s)
The sync control(s), if provided, shall be set at the centre within the pull-in range.
2.5.3.6 Automatic brightness control
If provided, the automatic brightness control shall be disabled.
2.5.3.7 Audio controls
If audio amplifiers and loudspeakers are provided, the audio controls shall be adjusted as
follows:
– the volume control of the audio signal(s) shall be set to obtain the standard audio output
specified in 2.5.2.1;
– the tone control of the audio signal(s), if provided, shall be set to the mechanical centre
or adjusted to obtain the flattest audio-frequency response at the output;
– the balance control of the stereo sound, if provided, shall be set to obtain equal output
for both the left and the right channels.
2.5.3.8 Other controls
Other user controls, if provided, shall be set at the positions to obtain the best picture and
sound. If internal adjustments such as focus, white balance, purity and convergence are
necessary, these shall be set to obtain the best picture quality.
2.5.4 General measurement procedure
Unless otherwise specified, the following measurement procedure shall be applied:
– before starting each measuring item, the display under test is set to the standard display
settings specified in 2.5.3 at the rated power supply voltage;
– audio signals are not present unless required in the method of measurement;
– input video signals are in the form of YP P component signals.
B R
3 Tests under general operating conditions
3.1 Electrical and mechanical performance
3.1.1 Introduction
These tests are intended to check if the display under test has sufficiently normal performance
to justify continuing with the detailed measurements described later in this standard.
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If any unacceptable performance is found, further measurements should not be carried out.
The following are examples of phenomena which are considered to be unacceptable:
– loss of synchronization;
– loss of resolution;
– distortion of grey scale;
– noise effects on picture or sound;
– errors of colour reproduction;
– spurious colour effects;
– audio distortion.
3.1.2 Methods of measurement
3.1.2.1 Performance of user controls
a) Apply programme signals or test signals in accordance with the television standard to the
display at the standard input signal level specified in 2.5.1.
b) Check the picture and audio quality and also examine the electrical and mechanical
performance and functions of user controls including remote controls at various control
settings.
3.1.2.2 Performance for input signal levels
a) Apply the composite test pattern signal and 1 kHz audio signal(s) to the display at the
standard input signal level and set the display to the standard settings specified in 2.5.3.
b) Check the operation of the display at levels of ± 3 dB with reference to the standard input
levels.
3.1.2.3 Continuous operation
a) Apply the composite test pattern signal and 1 kHz audio signal(s) to the display at the
standard input signal level and set the display to the standard settings specified in 2.5.3.
b) Operate the display for six hours and check if unacceptable performance is found.
3.1.2.4 Influence of variations in power supply voltage
Although measurements at the undervoltage and overvoltage are specified for characteristics
which may be sensitive to variations in the power supply voltage, other characteristics may also
be influenced by these variations. Therefore, the following test shall be carried out:
a) vary the power supply voltage of the display within a range of the overvoltage and
undervoltage and check changes in performance such as loss of picture synchronization,
variation of picture size and variation of black level;
b) if such changes are able to be adjusted by the user controls, readjust them and repeat
the test. If normal performance cannot be obtained even when the readjustments are made,
or no user controls are provided, note the phenomena.
60107-7 © IEC:1997 – 31 –
If necessary, make supplementary measurements for the relevant characteristics at the under-
and overvoltages of the power supply.
NOTE – The range of the variations is normally ±10 % of the rated voltage. If different values are specified by
the manufacturer, apply such values.
3.2 Power consumption
3.2.1 Method of measurement
3.2.1.1 Measuring conditions
a) Power supply voltage and frequency: rated
b) Video test signal: colour bar signal
c) Audio test signal(s): 1 kHz sine-wave signal(s)
d) Input signal level: standard input signal level
3.2.1.2 Measurement procedure
a) Set the display under test to the standard settings. The volume control of all the audio
channels shall be set to obtain an output power of 50 mW at a 1 kHz single-tone signal.
b) Measure power consumption of the display with an electrodynamic wattmeter or any
other wattmeter of sufficient accuracy.
If any ancillary circuits are included in the display, the power shall be measured with and
without loading the circuits.
NOTE – If government regulations in the country for which the display is designed to be used specify any other
method, the test should be made in accordance with those regulations.
4 Characteristics of displayed pictures
4.1 General properties of the picture
4.1.1 General
The methods described in the following subclauses are applicable to any type of display,
except for the characteristics inherent in the display devices. For projection type displays and
LCD displays, see 4.3 and 4.4 respectively.
Unless otherwise specified, the display under test is set to the standard display settings
specified in 2.5.3.
CRT displays may be influenced by the terrestrial magnetic field. For this reason the display
under test shall be placed facing either north or south and the CRT shall be sufficiently
degaussed before starting the measurements.
Test items including luminance and chromaticity measurements shall be carried out in a
darkroom.
4.1.2 Geometrical distortion
4.1.2.1 Introduction
This test measures geometrical non-linearity and outline distortion of a picture displayed on a
CRT screen and a picture projected by CRTs or LCDs on a screen.
60107-7 © IEC:1997 – 33 –
The outline distortion can be classified into the following shapes:
– first order distortion: trapezium and parallelogram distortion;
– second order distortion: barrel or pincushion distortion;
– third order distortion: S shape distortion;
– fourth order distortion: gull wing (GW) distortion.
Examples of these distortions are given in figure 16.
Normally, there is no outline
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