EN 60300-3-14:2004
(Main)Dependability management - Part 3-14: Application guide - Maintenance and maintenance support
Dependability management - Part 3-14: Application guide - Maintenance and maintenance support
Describes a framework for maintenance and maintenance support and the various minimal common practices that should be undertaken.Outlines in a generic manner, management, processes and techniques related to maintenance and maintenance support that are necessary to achieve adequate dependability to meet the operational needs of the customer. Applicable to items, which include all types of products, equipment and systems (hardware and associated software). Most of these require a certain level of maintenance to ensure that their required functionality, dependability, capability, economic, safety and regulatory requirements are achieved.
Zuverlässigkeitsmanagement - Teil 3-14: Anwendungsleitfaden - Instandhaltung und Instandhaltungsunterstützung
Gestion de la sûreté de fonctionnement - Partie 3-14: Guide d'application - Maintenance et support de maintenance
Describes a framework for maintenance and maintenance support and the various minimal common practices that should be undertaken.Outlines in a generic manner, management, processes and techniques related to maintenance and maintenance support that are necessary to achieve adequate dependability to meet the operational needs of the customer.
Vodenje zagotovljivosti – 3-14. del: Vodilo za uporabo – Vzdrževanje in podpora vzdrževanju (IEC 60300-3-14:2004)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2005
Vodenje zagotovljivosti – 3-14. del: Vodilo za uporabo – Vzdrževanje in podpora
vzdrževanju (IEC 60300-3-14:2004)
Dependability management -- Part 3-14: Application guide - Maintenance and
maintenance support
Zuverlässigkeitsmanagement -- Teil 3-14: Anwendungsleitfaden - Instandhaltung und
Instandhaltungsunterstützung
Gestion de la sûreté de fonctionnement -- Partie 3-14: Guide d'application - Maintenance
et support de maintenance
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 60300-3-14:2004
ICS:
03.120.01 Kakovost na splošno Quality in general
21.020 =QDþLOQRVWLLQQDþUWRYDQMH Characteristics and design of
VWURMHYDSDUDWRYRSUHPH machines, apparatus,
equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60300-3-14
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM May 2004
ICS 03.100.40; 03.120.01
English version
Dependability management
Part 3-14: Application guide -
Maintenance and maintenance support
(IEC 60300-3-14:2004)
Gestion de la sûreté de fonctionnement Zuverlässigkeitsmanagement
Partie 3-14: Guide d'application - Teil 3-14: Anwendungsleitfaden -
Maintenance et support de maintenance Instandhaltung und
(CEI 60300-3-14:2004) Instandhaltungsbereitschaft
(IEC 60300-3-14:2004)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2004-05-01. CENELEC members are bound to
comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and
notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland and United Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels
© 2004 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 60300-3-14:2004 E
Foreword
The text of document 56/929/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 60300-3-14, prepared by IEC TC 56,
Dependability, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as
EN 60300-3-14 on 2004-05-01.
The following dates were fixed:
– latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2005-02-01
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2007-05-01
Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC.
__________
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 60300-3-14:2004 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following note has to be added for the standard indicated:
ISO 9000 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9000:2000 (not modified).
__________
- 3 - EN 60300-3-14:2004
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE Where an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant
EN/HD applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60300-1 2003 Dependability management EN 60300-1 2003
Part 1: Dependability management
systems
IEC 60300-2 2004 Part 2: Guidelines for dependability EN 60300-2 2004
management
1)
IEC 60300-3-2 - Part 3: Application guide - -
Section 2: Collection of dependability
data from the field
1)
IEC 60300-3-3 - Part 3-3: Application guide - Life cycle - -
costing
1)
IEC 60300-3-10 - Part 3-10: Application guide - - -
Maintainability
1)
IEC 60300-3-11 - Part 3-11: Application guide - reliability - -
centered maintenance
1) 2)
IEC 60300-3-12 - Part 3-12: Application guide - Integrated EN 60300-3-12 2004
logistic support
1)
IEC 60706-3 - Guide on maintainability of equipment - -
Part 3: Sections Six and Seven -
Verification and collection, analysis and
presentation of data
1)
IEC 60706-5 - Part 5 - Section 4: Diagnostic testing - -
1) 2)
IEC 60812 - Analysis techniques for system reliability - HD 485 S1 1987
Procedure for failure mode and effects
analysis (FMEA)
1) 2)
IEC 61025 - Fault tree analysis (FTA) HD 617 S1 1992
1)
IEC 61649 - Goodness-of-fit tests, confidence - -
intervals and lower confidence limits for
Weibull distributed data
1)
Undated reference.
2)
Valid edition at date of issue.
NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE IEC
60300-3-14
INTERNATIONAL
Première édition
STANDARD
First edition
2004-03
Gestion de la sûreté de fonctionnement –
Partie 3-14:
Guide d'application –
Maintenance et support de maintenance
Dependability management –
Part 3-14:
Application guide –
Maintenance and maintenance support
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Pour prix, voir catalogue en vigueur
For price, see current catalogue
60300-3-14 © IEC:2004 – 3 –
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.7
INTRODUCTION.11
1 Scope.13
2 Normativereferences.13
3 Terms, definitions and acronyms .15
3.1 Terms and definitions .15
3.2 Acronyms.21
4 Maintenance and maintenance support overview.21
4.1 Life cycle aspects.21
4.1.1 General.21
4.1.2 Scenarios for maintenance and maintenance support .25
4.1.3 Concept and definition phase .25
4.1.4 Design and development phase.25
4.1.5 Manufacturing phase.27
4.1.6 Installation phase.29
4.1.7 Operation and maintenance phase .29
4.1.8 Disposal phase.29
4.2 Description of maintenance .29
4.2.1 General.29
4.2.2 Maintenance policy and concept .31
4.2.3 Indenture levels.31
4.2.4 Maintenance echelons.31
4.2.5 Preventive and corrective maintenance .33
4.3 Description of maintenance support.35
5 Management responsibility.35
5.1 Management commitment.35
5.2 Customers.35
5.3 Maintenance policy.35
5.4 Planning of maintenance and maintenance support .37
5.5 Responsibility, authority and communication .37
6 Maintenance process implementation .37
6.1 General.37
6.2 Maintenance management.39
6.3 Maintenance and maintenance support planning .39
6.3.1 General.39
6.3.2 Determination of maintenance support.41
6.3.3 Maintenance task identification.43
6.3.4 Maintenance task analysis.45
6.3.5 Identification of maintenance support resources .47
6.4 Maintenance preparation.49
6.5 Maintenance execution.49
60300-3-14 © IEC:2004 – 5 –
7 Resource management.51
7.1 Provision of resources.51
7.2 Human resources.51
7.2.1 General.51
7.2.2 Training.53
7.3 Infrastructure.53
7.3.1 General.53
7.3.2 Support equipment .53
7.3.3 Built-in test equipment (BITE).57
7.3.4 Maintenance facilities.59
7.3.5 Administration and technical facilities .59
7.3.6 Computerized maintenance information systems .61
7.4 Information resources.61
7.4.1 General.61
7.4.2 Documentation.61
7.4.3 Maintenance information.67
7.5 Materials and spare parts .69
7.5.1 General.69
7.5.2 Spare parts quantification.71
7.5.3 Spare parts identification.73
8 Measurement, analysis and improvement .75
8.1 General.75
8.2 Monitoring and measurement.75
8.2.1 General.75
8.2.2 Customer-related measurement.75
8.2.3 Maintenance-related measurement.77
8.3 Maintenance assessment.77
8.4 Maintenance improvement.79
8.5 Modifications.79
Annex A (informative) Factors affecting maintenance and maintenance support .83
A.1 General.83
A.2 Application to complex systems .83
A.3 Factors during the design phase .85
A.4 Factors during the operation and maintenance phase .87
Bibliography.91
Figure 1 – Maintenance and maintenance support during the life cycle .23
Figure 2 – Interrelationship of maintenance terms.31
Figure 3 – Types of maintenance tasks.33
Figure 4 – Maintenance processes.39
Figure 5 – Maintenance and maintenance support planning process .41
Figure 6 – Spare parts provisioning process .73
60300-3-14 © IEC:2004 – 7 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
___________
DEPENDABILITY MANAGEMENT –
Part 3-14: Application guide –
Maintenance and maintenance support
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60300-3-14 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 56:
Dependability.
This bilingual version (2004-07) replaces the English version.
This first edition of IEC 60300-3-14 cancels and replaces IEC 60706-4, and provides a more
general approach to maintenance and maintenance support.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
56/929/FDIS 56/940/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
60300-3-14 © IEC:2004 – 9 –
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in
the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
60300-3-14 © IEC:2004 – 11 –
INTRODUCTION
The provision of maintenance and maintenance support is a key element in ensuring the
dependability of items (products, equipment and systems) throughout their life cycle. Proper
functionality, capability and dependability performance are achieved by providing the
necessary maintenance and maintenance support in conjunction with appropriate design,
quality manufacturing, and sound operating practices.
The amount and type of maintenance and maintenance support depends on customer needs,
the nature of the item, its condition, required availability and other factors. As these factors
change, especially during the operation and maintenance phase, maintenance and
maintenance support may need to be adjusted.
A number of different functions, such as maintenance management and asset management,
include maintenance and maintenance support. This standard does not preclude their use, but
does indicate what should be addressed under these headings.
Inadequate, excessive or incorrect maintenance can cause failures, which may significantly
reduce the availability of items and result in greatly increased cost due to loss of performance
and possible secondary damage. The reduced availability often produces operational
penalties and a consequent loss of revenue, which can be significantly greater than the cost
of maintenance or even the cost of the original failure. Safety may also be affected and in
some industries this may be the most important consideration.
This standard provides a more general approach to maintenance and maintenance support
than used in integrated logistic support (ILS). ILS is a method by which all logistic support
services are considered and provided for customers as an integral part of product
development. This standard addresses the case for complex systems where maintenance and
maintenance support need to be adjusted to specific situations during both the design phase
and the operation and maintenance phase.
60300-3-14 © IEC:2004 – 13 –
DEPENDABILITY MANAGEMENT –
Part 3-14: Application guide –
Maintenance and maintenance support
1 Scope
This part of IEC 60300 describes a framework for maintenance and maintenance support and
the various minimal common practices that should be undertaken. The purpose of this
standard is to outline, in a generic manner, management, processes and techniques related to
maintenance and maintenance support that are necessary to achieve adequate dependability
to meet the operational needs of the customer.
NOTE 1 Maintenance and maintenance support are a major element of dependability as described in IEC 60300-1
and IEC 60300-2.
In some cases, regulatory and other mandatory requirements need to be considered.
Maintenance and maintenance support requirements and obligations may therefore need to
be specified in a contract, which cites this standard.
This standard is intended for use by a wide range of suppliers, maintenance support
organizations and users and can be applied to all items.
This standard is applicable to items, which include all types of products, equipment and
systems (hardware and associated software). Most of these require a certain level of
maintenance to ensure that their required functionality, dependability, capability, economic,
safety and regulatory requirements are achieved.
NOTE 2 For consistency, this standard will use the term “item” as defined in 3.1.5, except where the context
requires otherwise.
2 Normativereferences
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60300-1:2003, Dependability management – Part 1: Dependability management systems
IEC 60300-2:2004, Dependability management – Part 2: Guidelines for dependability
management
IEC 60300-3-2, Dependability management – Part 3: Application guide – Section 2: Collection
of dependability data from the field
IEC 60300-3-3, Dependability management – Part 3: Application guide – Section 3: Life cycle
costing
IEC 60300-3-10, Dependability management – Part 3-10: Application guide – Maintainability
60300-3-14 © IEC:2004 – 15 –
IEC 60300-3-11, Dependability management – Part 3-11: Application guide – Reliability
centred maintenance
IEC 60300-3-12, Dependability management – Part 3-12: Application guide – Integrated
logistic support
IEC 60706-3, Guide on maintainability of equipment – Part 3: Sections Six and Seven –
Verification and collection, analysis and presentation of data
IEC 60706-5, Guide on maintainability of equipment – Part 5: Section 4: Diagnostic testing
IEC 60812, Analysis techniques for system reliability – Procedure for failure mode and effects
analysis (FMEA)
IEC 61025, Fault tree analysis (FTA)
IEC 61649, Goodness-of-fit tests, confidence intervals and lower confidence limits for Weibull
distributed data
3 Terms, definitions and acronyms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document the following definitions apply.
3.1.1
corrective maintenance
maintenance carried out after fault recognition and intended to put an item into a state in
which it can perform a required function
NOTE In French, the term “dépannage” sometimes implies a provisional restoration.
[IEV 191-07-08:1990]
3.1.2
dependability
collective term used to describe the availability performance and its influencing factors:
reliability performance, maintainability performance and maintenance support performance
NOTE Dependability is used only for general descriptions in non-quantitative terms.
[IEV 191-02-03:1990]
3.1.3
indenture level
level of subdivision of an item from the point of view of a maintenance action
NOTE 1 Examples of indenture levels could be a subsystem, a circuit board, a component.
NOTE 2 The indenture level depends on the complexity of the item’s construction, the accessibility to subitems,
skill level of maintenance personnel, test equipment facilities, safety considerations, etc.
[IEV 191-07-05:1990]
60300-3-14 © IEC:2004 – 17 –
3.1.4
integrated logistic support
ILS
management method by which all the logistic support services required by a customer can be
brought together in a structured way and in harmony with a product
3.1.5
item
any part, component, device, subsystem, functional unit, equipment or system that can be
individually considered
NOTE 1 An item may consist of hardware, software or both, and may also, in particular cases, include people.
NOTE 2 In French the term “entité” is preferred to the term “dispositif” due to its more general meaning. The term
“dispositif” is also the common equivalent to the English term “device”.
NOTE 3 In French the term “individu” is used mainly in statistics.
NOTE 4 A number of items, e.g. a population of items or a sample, may itself be considered as an item.
[IEV 191-01-01:1990]
3.1.6
level of maintenance
set of maintenance actions to be carried out at a specified indenture level
NOTE Examples of a maintenance action are replacing a component, a printed circuit board, a subsystem, etc.
[IEV 191-07-06:1990]
3.1.7
maintainability (performance)
ability of an item under given conditions of use, to be retained in, or restored to, a state in
which it can perform a required function, when maintenance is performed under given
conditions and using stated procedures and resources
NOTE The term “maintainability” is also used as a measure of maintainability performance (see 191-13-01).
[IEV 191-02-07:1990]
3.1.8
maintenance
combination of all technical and administrative actions, including supervision actions,
intended to retain an item in, or restore it to, a state in which it can perform a required
function
[IEV 191-07-01:1990]
3.1.9
maintenance action
maintenance task
sequence of elementary maintenance activities carried out for a given purpose
NOTE Examples are fault diagnosis, fault localization, function check-out, or combinations thereof.
[IEV 191-07-18:1990]
3.1.10
maintenance concept
interrelationship between the maintenance echelons, the indenture levels and the levels of
maintenance to be applied for the maintenance of an item
60300-3-14 © IEC:2004 – 19 –
3.1.11
maintenance echelon
position in an organization where specified levels of maintenance are to be carried out on an
item
NOTE 1 Examples of maintenance echelons are: field, repair shop, manufacturer.
NOTE 2 The maintenance echelon is characterized by the level of skill of the personnel, the facilities available,
the location, etc.
[IEV 191-07-04:1990]
3.1.12
maintenance policy
general approach to the provision of maintenance and maintenance support based on the
objectives and policies of owners, users and customers
3.1.13
maintenance support
resources required to maintain an item under a given maintenance concept and guided by a
maintenance policy
NOTE Resources include human resources, support equipment, materials and spare parts, maintenance facilities,
documentation, information and maintenance information systems.
3.1.14
maintenance support performance
ability of a maintenance organization, under given conditions, to provide upon demand, the
resources required to maintain an item, under a given maintenance concept and guided by a
maintenance policy
NOTE The given conditions are related to the item itself and to the conditions under which the item is used and
maintained.
[IEV 191-02-08:1990, modified]
3.1.15
preventive maintenance
maintenance carried out at predetermined intervals or according to prescribed criteria and
intended to reduce the probability of failure or the degradation of the functioning of an item
[IEV 191-07-07:1990]
NOTE 1 Preventive maintenance includes condition-based tasks that consist of condition monitoring, inspection
and functional testing.
NOTE 2 Predetermined intervals apply to repair or replacement that are carried out at specific intervals such as
elapsed time, operating hours, distance, number of cycles or other relevant measures.
3.1.16
product
any specified deliverable goods or service
NOTE 1 In the context of dependability, a product may be simple (e.g. a device, a software algorithm) or complex
(e.g. a system or an integrated network comprising of hardware, software and human elements and support
facilities and activities).
NOTE 2 A product has its own life cycle phases.
3.1.17
scheduled maintenance
preventive maintenance carried out in accordance with an established time schedule
[IEV 191-07-10:1990]
60300-3-14 © IEC:2004 – 21 –
3.1.18
system
set of interrelated or interacting elements
[ISO 9000:2000, 3.2.1]
NOTE 1 In the context of dependability, a system will have
a) a defined purpose expressed in terms of required functions;
b) stated conditions of operation/use (191-01-12);
c) defined boundaries.
NOTE 2 The structure of a system may be hierarchical.
3.1.19
testability
qualitative design characteristic which determines the degree to which an item can be tested
under stated conditions
3.1.20
unscheduled maintenance
maintenance carried out, not in accordance with an established time schedule, but after
reception of an indication regarding the state of an item
[IEV 191-07-11:1990]
3.2 Acronyms
ATE automatic test equipment
BITE built-in test equipment
CBIT continuous built-in test
COTS commercial-off-the-shelf
FMEA failure mode and effects analysis
FMECA failure mode, effects and criticality analysis
ILS integrated logistic support
IBIT interruptive built-in test
LORA level of repair analysis
MTBF mean operating time between failures
MTTF mean time to failure
POST power on self test
RCM reliability centred maintenance
STTE special to type test equipment
4 Maintenance and maintenance support overview
4.1 Life cycle aspects
4.1.1 General
Maintenance and maintenance support need to be considered during all phases of the life
cycle. The specific tasks that need to be carried out are outlined in this clause and are
illustrated in Figure 1.
60300-3-14 © IEC:2004 – 23 –
The major maintenance driver is the initial design, which determines the maintainability of an
item. Where an item is designed by one organization and used as part of a larger system or
used within different applications or environments, the design of the system has to ensure
that the inherent maintainability of the item is not degraded.
The dependability that can be achieved during operation is greatly influenced by decisions
that are made during the early phases of the life cycle. Planning for maintenance and
maintenance support should be considered as early as possible so that trade-offs can be
considered between functional needs, capability, life cycle cost (see IEC 60300-3-3),
reliability, maintainability and maintenance support.
Life cycle phase
Concept and Design and Operation and
Task or process definition development Manufacturing Installation maintenance Disposal
1. General customer needs,
constraints and
requirements
2. Required reliability,
maintainability and
testability
3. General maintenance
support definition
4. Failure mode and effects
analysis
5. Definition of maintenance
concept
6. Planning of maintenance
support resources
7. Reliability Centred
Maintenance
8. Preparation of technical
documentation
9. Preparation and provision
of training
10. Verification of
maintenance activities and
maintenance
11. Provistion of spare parts,
tools, support equipment,
information systems and
facilities
12. Gathering of
maintenance-related
information
13. Management of
maintenance
14. Maintenance preparation
15. Maintenance execution
16. Measurement and
analysis of maintenance
performance
17. Maintenance
improvement/modification
18. Elimination of
maintenance activities and
support resources
IEC 260/04
Figure 1 – Maintenance and maintenance support during the life cycle
60300-3-14 © IEC:2004 – 25 –
4.1.2 Scenarios for maintenance and maintenance support
There are different scenarios for planning and providing maintenance and maintenance
support, depending on who takes responsibility for their implementation and in which phase of
the life cycle they occur.
A common scenario for many items is that the manufacturer provides complete maintenance
and maintenance support services as an integrated component of the delivery of the product.
These services are either provided on a contractual basis or are accessed as needed by the
user. The planning and provision of maintenance and maintenance support can thus occur
during design and development and remains the primary responsibility of the manufacturer,
vendor or other outsourced support organization. The user of the product depends primarily
upon this network to supply total support services during the operation and maintenance
phase. In this case, the end user environment and support capabilities are known and the
application of integrated logistic support should apply in these cases (see IEC 60300-3-12)
with the development of the maintenance and maintenance support undertaken as part of the
design and development process.
Another common scenario is that item vendors provide only basic or standardized main-
tenance support planning. Users then provide the required maintenance and maintenance
support for their specific application, often using internal resources. This occurs especially
when existing products are combined into complex systems by another vendor or organization
and are then supplied to a user. The responsibility for developing maintenance and
maintenance support then needs to be established between the vendor and user.
Maintenance and maintenance support recommendations require flexibility because there is a
wide range of different support scenarios. Information on factors that may result in changes to
maintenance and maintenance support at the various stages of the life cycle by owners,
operators and users is provided in Annex A.
4.1.3 Concept and definition phase
It is important to consider maintenance and maintenance support at the earliest stage of the
life cycle. Decisions made at this point may enhance or limit the effectiveness of maintenance
support in later life cycle phases.
During the concept and definition stage, this can be achieved by identifying a conceptual
maintenance policy that consists of the following:
– general maintenance and maintenance support objectives, customer needs, regulatory
requirements and constraints;
– required availability, reliability, maintainability and testability;
– general maintenance and maintenance support definition.
4.1.4 Design and development phase
Specific maintenance and maintenance support needs are identified during the design and
development phase based on the needs identified in the previous phase. Availability,
performance, production, safety and economic objectives are often dependent on achieving a
high degree of reliability, maintainability and maintenance support. Maintainability aspects are
outlined in IEC 60300-3-10. Operational and environmental factors are also important
considerations. A failure mode, effects and criticality analysis (FMECA) may be carried out to
evaluate the design and identify unacceptable failure modes. These may be addressed by
redesign, restrictions to operational use, maintenance or some other solution.
60300-3-14 © IEC:2004 – 27 –
For items such as software, consumer products or military equipment, maintenance and
maintenance support are planned, tested and provided during this phase. Customers should
be consulted to ensure their needs are met but they usually depend upon suppliers or other
support organizations to provide maintenance and maintenance support services during the
life of the product or systems. This scenario is known as custom development and an
integrated logistic support approach is recommended as described in IEC 60300-3-12.
In other instances, a supplier manufactures a product that is then integrated into a larger
system such as a manufacturing facility, process plant or telecommunications network by an
independent design and construction organization. The original supplier provides basic
maintenance support planning but the design and construction organization should consider
the consequences of the use of the products and integration in the final system design.
Final aspects of maintenance and maintenance support may be established and implemented
by the user, operator or customer (see Annex A). The developer of the maintenance and
maintenance support plan and the user should determine the maintenance concept early in
the design. Regardless of who finalizes maintenance and maintenance support needs, these
should be established prior to operation so that they can be planned properly. Maintenance
and maintenance support resources may be derived from a reliability centred maintenance
analysis as described in IEC 60300-3-11 or by other methods.
Trade-offs may need to be made and maintenance and maintenance support may have to be
adjusted to optimize performance, reliability, maintainability, safety and cost. It may be
desirable to eliminate the need for maintenance if it is technically possible or economically
feasible.
Training documentation, aids and equipment need to be identified and provided at the time
that training is performed prior to operation and maintenance. This training will continue as
needed during the operation and maintenance phase.
It may be necessary to provide verification and testing of planned maintenance activities and
the effectiveness of maintenance support procedures, tools, documentation, facilities and
other resources during the design and manufacturing phases. This should include the
customer, operator or user to ensure that their needs are met (see IEC 60706-3).
4.1.5 Manufacturing phase
In addition to design and component selection, the quality of manufacturing also directly
affects the reliability of products and systems and subsequent maintenance efforts. Where
feasible, users should ensure that the level of reliability, maintainability and testability meets
their objectives so that maintenance and maintenance support can be achieved as planned
during the operation and maintenance phase.
The tools, support equipment and facilities needed to undertake maintenance activities should
be provided during this phase. The gathering of manufacturing information and maintenance-
related data may be important for maintenance and maintenance purposes. The need to
procure spare parts should also be considered at this stage.
60300-3-14 © IEC:2004 – 29 –
4.1.6 Installation phase
Correct installation and commissioning of items is essential to successful use and operation.
Instructions and procedures provided by the manufacturer should be followed and items
should not be operated outside specified limits during testing activities.
Maintainability demonstrations and testing of maintenance support may be carried out during
this phase in addition to earlier testing carried out during the design and development phase.
Performance and other testing may provide a baseline for condition monitoring and
maintenance tasks.
4.1.7 Operation and maintenance phase
During the operation and maintenance phase, the user or operator implements the
maintenance and maintenance support planned during the design and development phase. If
these have not been fully determined, they need to be developed and documented as early as
possible (see Annex A).
For the initial warranty period, operating and maintenance practices defined by the
manufacturer should be carefully followed to ensure validity of the warranty in case of failure.
Organizational responsibilities should be defined and assigned for all maintenance and
maintenance support. The organization may choose to carry out all of the required
maintenance and maintenance support itself or to outsource some or all of them. If the user
outsources some or all of these activities, they still retain ultimate responsibility but it
becomes important to establish a service level agreement in order to specify contractual
obligations with these external organizations. Manufacturers may take responsibility for a
prescribed time period to provide technical support and reso
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