FprEN IEC 60034-1:2021

Rotating electrical machines - Part 1: Rating and performance

This part of IEC 60034 is applicable to all rotating electrical machines except rotating electrical machines for rail and road vehicles, which are covered by the IEC 60349 series of standards. Machines within the scope of this document may also be subject to superseding, modifying or additional requirements in other standards, for example, IEC 60079 and IEC 60092. NOTE If particular clauses of this document are modified to meet special applications, for example machines subject to radioactivity or machines for aerospace, all other clauses apply insofar as they are compatible.

Drehende elektrische Maschinen - Teil 1: Bemessung und Betriebsverhalten

Machines électriques tournantes - Partie 1: Caractéristiques assignées et caractéristiques de fonctionnement

IEC 60034-1:2022 est disponible sous forme de IEC 60034-1:2022 RLV qui contient la Norme internationale et sa version Redline, illustrant les modifications du contenu technique depuis l'édition précédente.L'IEC 60034-1:2022 s'applique à toutes les machines électriques tournantes à l’exception des machines destinées aux véhicules ferroviaires et routiers, qui sont couvertes par la série de normes IEC 60349. Les machines comprises dans le domaine d’application du présent document peuvent également être soumises à des exigences nouvelles, modifiées ou complémentaires figurant dans d’autres normes, par exemple, les séries IEC 60079 et IEC 60092. Cette quatorzième édition annule et remplace la treizième édition parue en 2017.

Električni rotacijski stroji - 1. del: Nazivni podatki in preskus lastnosti

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Publication Date: 20-Apr-2022
• Withdrawal Date: 20-Oct-2022
• ICS: 29.160 - Rotating machinery
• ICS: 29.160.01 - Rotating machinery in general
• Technical Committee: CLC/TC 2 - Rotating machinery
• Drafting Committee: IEC/TC 2 - IEC_TC_2
• Current Stage: 5098 - Decision to drop project - Standstill maintained / released - Formal Approval
• Start Date: 27-Aug-2024
• Completion Date: 23-Sep-2025
• Directive: 2014/30/EU - Directive 2014/30/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February 2014 on the harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic compatibility (recast)
• Directive: 2014/35/EU - Directive 2014/35/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February 2014 on the harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits
• Mandate: M/511 - Mandate to CEN, CENELEC and ETSI relating to harmonised standards in the field of the Low Voltage Directive
• Mandate: M/552 - [C(2016) 7641 final] Standardisation request as regards harmonised standards in support of Directive 2014/30/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February 2014 on the harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic compatibility
• Ref Project: kSIST FprEN IEC 60034-1:2022 - Rotating electrical machines - Part 1: Rating and performance

Relations

• Revised: FprEN IEC 60034-1:2025 - Rotating electrical machines - Part 1: Rating and performance
• Effective Date: 12-Dec-2023

Overview

FprEN IEC 60034-1:2021 - Rotating electrical machines – Part 1: Rating and performance - is the international standard that defines rating, duty, performance and test requirements for most rotating electrical machines. It is applicable to a wide range of motors, generators and synchronous machines, except those specifically for rail and road vehicles (covered by the IEC 60349 series). The standard establishes how machines are rated, tested and documented to ensure safe, reliable and comparable performance in real-world installations.

Key topics and requirements

The standard covers technical and test requirements across these core areas:

• Scope and duty classification
  • Defines duty types (S1–S10) such as continuous running (S1), short-time (S2), intermittent periodic duties and non-periodic variations, for correct selection of machine rating.
• Rating and nameplate information
  • Assignment and classes of rating, rated output, rated voltage and preferred combinations; requirements for rating plates and product documentation.
• Site and electrical operating conditions
  • Ambient, altitude and coolant considerations; electrical supply, symmetry, starting voltages and allowable voltage/frequency variations.
• Thermal performance and thermal tests
  • Thermal class, reference coolant, temperature-rise tests and measurement methods (resistance, embedded temperature detectors (ETD), thermometer methods), test durations and temperature limits.
• Other performance tests
  • Routine tests, withstand voltage, excess current/torque, pull-up and locked-rotor torque, overspeed, short-circuit and commutation tests, shaft-voltage and insulation resistance measurements.
• Information and documentation
  • Minimum information requirements for product documentation and technical data for machines above certain ratings.
• Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and tolerances
  • EMC immunity and emission considerations, general tolerances and protective earthing requirements.
• Special applications note
  • Clauses can be modified for special environments (aerospace, radioactive service) while other clauses apply if compatible.

Applications

This standard is used to:

• Define performance specifications for motor and generator procurement and design.
• Guide factory and field testing (thermal, electrical, mechanical).
• Ensure proper selection of machines for industrial, marine and power-generation installations.
• Provide consistent nameplate and documentation requirements for acceptance testing and regulatory compliance.

Who should use it

• Motor and generator manufacturers and designers
• Test laboratories and quality assurance teams
• Specifiers, MRO engineers and plant operators
• Certification bodies and regulatory authorities

Related standards

• IEC 60349 (rail/road vehicle machines)
• IEC 60079 (explosive atmospheres) and IEC 60092 (shipboard electrical installations) - may impose additional or superseding requirements for machines in those environments.

Keywords: IEC 60034-1, rotating electrical machines, rating and performance, duty types S1–S10, thermal tests, rating plate, EMC, motor standards.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN IEC 60034-1:2021
01-maj-2021
Električni rotacijski stroji - 1. del: Nazivni podatki in preskus lastnosti
Rotating electrical machines - Part 1: Rating and performance
Drehende elektrische Maschinen - Teil 1: Bemessung und Betriebsverhalten
Machines électriques tournantes - Partie 1: Caractéristiques assignées et
caractéristiques de fonctionnement
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN IEC 60034-1:2021
ICS:
29.160.01 Rotacijski stroji na splošno Rotating machinery in
general
oSIST prEN IEC 60034-1:2021 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

oSIST prEN IEC 60034-1:2021
oSIST prEN IEC 60034-1:2021
2/2043/CDV
COMMITTEE DRAFT FOR VOTE (CDV)
PROJECT NUMBER:
IEC 60034-1 ED14
DATE OF CIRCULATION: CLOSING DATE FOR VOTING:
2021-03-12 2021-06-04
SUPERSEDES DOCUMENTS:
2/2006/CD, 2/2020A/CC
IEC TC 2 : ROTATING MACHINERY
SECRETARIAT: SECRETARY:
United Kingdom Mr Charles Whitlock
OF INTEREST TO THE FOLLOWING COMMITTEES: PROPOSED HORIZONTAL STANDARD:

TC 18
Other TC/SCs are requested to indicate their interest, if any, in this
CDV to the secretary.
FUNCTIONS CONCERNED:
EMC ENVIRONMENT QUALITY ASSURANCE SAFETY
SUBMITTED FOR CENELEC PARALLEL VOTING NOT SUBMITTED FOR CENELEC PARALLEL VOTING
Attention IEC-CENELEC parallel voting
The attention of IEC National Committees, members of CENELEC,
is drawn to the fact that this Committee Draft for Vote (CDV) is
submitted for parallel voting.
The CENELEC members are invited to vote through the CENELEC
online voting system.
This document is still under study and subject to change. It should not be used for reference purposes.
Recipients of this document are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware
and to provide supporting documentation.

TITLE:
Rotating electrical machines – Part 1: Rating and performance

PROPOSED STABILITY DATE: 2025
NOTE FROM TC/SC OFFICERS:
electronic file, to make a copy and to print out the content for the sole purpose of preparing National Committee positions.
You may not copy or "mirror" the file or printed version of the document, or any part of it, for any other purpose without
permission in writing from IEC.

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CONTENTS
CONTENTS . 2
FOREWORD . 7
1 Scope . 10
2 Normative references . 10
3 Terms and definitions . 12
4 Duty . 17
Declaration of duty . 17
Duty types . 18
4.2.1 Duty type S1 – Continuous running duty . 18
4.2.2 Duty type S2 – Short-time duty . 19
4.2.3 Duty type S3 – Intermittent periodic duty . 19
4.2.4 Duty type S4 – Intermittent periodic duty with starting . 20
4.2.5 Duty type S5 – Intermittent periodic duty with electric braking. 22
4.2.6 Duty type S6 – Continuous operation periodic duty . 23
4.2.7 Duty type S7 – Continuous operation periodic duty with electric braking . 24
4.2.8 Duty type S8 – Continuous operation periodic duty with related
load/speed changes . 25
4.2.9 Duty type S9 – Duty with non-periodic load and speed variations . 26
4.2.10 Duty type S10 – Duty with discrete constant loads and speeds . 27
5 Rating. 28
Assignment of rating . 28
Classes of rating . 29
5.2.1 Rating for continuous running duty . 29
5.2.2 Rating for short-time duty . 29
5.2.3 Rating for periodic duty . 29
5.2.4 Rating for non-periodic duty . 29
5.2.5 Rating for duty with discrete constant loads and speeds . 29
5.2.6 Rating for equivalent loading . 30
Selection of a class of rating . 30
Allocation of outputs to class of rating . 30
Rated output . 30
5.5.1 DC generators . 30
5.5.2 AC generators . 31
5.5.3 Motors . 31
5.5.4 Synchronous compensators . 31
Rated voltage . 31
5.6.1 DC generators . 31
5.6.2 AC generators . 31
5.6.3 AC motors . 31
Preferred combinations of voltages and outputs . 31
Machines with more than one rating . 32
6 Site conditions . 32
General . 32
Altitude . 32
Maximum ambient air temperature . 32

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Minimum ambient air temperature . 32
Water coolant temperature . 32
Standstill, storage and transport . 32
Purity of hydrogen coolant . 33
7 Electrical operating conditions . 33
Electrical supply . 33
Form and symmetry of voltages and currents . 34
7.2.1 AC motors . 34
7.2.2 AC generators . 35
7.2.3 Synchronous machines . 35
7.2.4 DC motors supplied from static power converters . 36
Voltage during starting of AC motors . 37
Voltage and frequency variations during operation . 37
Three-phase AC machines operating on unearthed systems . 39
Voltage (peak and gradient) withstand levels . 39
8 Thermal performance and tests . 40
Thermal class . 40
Reference coolant . 40
Conditions for thermal tests . 41
8.3.1 Electrical supply . 41
8.3.2 Temperature of machine before test . 41
8.3.3 Temperature of coolant . 41
8.3.4 Measurement of coolant temperature during test . 41
Temperature rise of a part of a machine . 42
Methods of measurement of temperature . 42
8.5.1 General . 42
8.5.2 Resistance method . 42
8.5.3 Embedded temperature detector (ETD) method . 42
8.5.4 Thermometer method. 42
Determination of winding temperature . 43
8.6.1 Choice of method . 43
8.6.2 Determination by resistance method . 43
8.6.3 Determination by ETD method . 45
8.6.4 Determination by thermometer method . 46
Duration of thermal tests . 46
8.7.1 Rating for continuous running duty . 46
8.7.2 Rating for short-time duty . 46
8.7.3 Rating for periodic duty . 46
8.7.4 Ratings for non-periodic duty and for duty with discrete constant loads . 46
Determination of the thermal equivalent time constant for machines of duty
type S9 . 46
Measurement of bearing temperature . 46
Limits of temperature and of temperature rise . 47
8.10.1 General . 47
8.10.2 Indirect cooled windings . 47
8.10.3 Direct cooled windings . 52
8.10.4 Adjustments to take account of hydrogen purity on test . 53

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8.10.5 Permanently short-circuited windings, magnetic cores and all structural
components (other than bearings) whether or not in contact with
insulation . 53
8.10.6 Commutators and sliprings, open or enclosed and their brushes and
brushgear . 53
9 Other performance and tests . 55
Routine tests. 55
Withstand voltage test . 56
Occasional excess current . 59
9.3.1 General . 59
9.3.2 Generators . 60
9.3.3 Motors (except commutator motors and permanent magnet motors) . 60
9.3.4 Commutator machines . 60
Momentary excess torque for motors . 60
9.4.1 Polyphase induction motors and DC motors . 60
9.4.2 Polyphase synchronous motors . 61
9.4.3 Other motors . 61
Pull-up torque and locked-rotor torque . 61
Safe operating speed of cage induction motors . 61
Overspeed . 62
Short-circuit current for synchronous machines . 63
Short-circuit withstand test for synchronous machines . 63
Commutation test for commutator machines . 64
Total harmonic distortion (THD) for synchronous machines . 64
9.11.1 General . 64
9.11.2 Limits . 64
9.11.3 Tests . 64
Protective earth test . 64
Measurement of insulation resistance and polarization index of winding
insulation . 65
Shaft-voltage test . 65
10 Information requirements . 66
General . 66
Product documentation . 66
Rating plate . 66
Information content, . 66
10.4.1 Minimum information requirements . 66
10.4.2 All AC machines . 67
10.4.3 All DC machines . 67
10.4.4 Machines over 5 kW (or 5 kVA) rated output . 68
10.4.5 Optional information . 68
11 Miscellaneous requirements . 68
Protective earthing of machines . 68
Shaft-end key(s) . 70
12 Tolerances . 70
General . 70
Tolerances on values of quantities . 70
13 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) . 72
General . 72

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Immunity . 73
13.2.1 Machines not incorporating electronic circuits . 73
13.2.2 Machines incorporating electronic circuits . 73
Emission . 73
Immunity tests . 73
Emission measurements . 73
14 Application requirements . 73
Annex A (informative) Guidance for the application of duty type S10 and for
establishing the value of relative thermal life expectancy TL . 75
Annex B (informative) Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) limits . 76
Bibliography . 77

Figure 1 – Continuous running duty – Duty type S1 . 18
Figure 2 – Short-time duty – Duty type S2 . 19
Figure 3 – Intermittent periodic duty – Duty type S3 . 20
Figure 4 – Intermittent periodic duty with starting – Duty type S4 . 21
Figure 5 – Intermittent periodic duty with electric braking – Duty type S5 . 22
Figure 6 – Continuous operation periodic duty – Duty type S6 . 23
Figure 7 – Continuous operation periodic duty with electric braking – Duty type S7 . 24
Figure 8 – Continuous operation periodic duty with related load/speed changes – Duty
type S8 . 25
Figure 9 – Duty with non-periodic load and speed variations – Duty type S9 . 26
Figure 10 – Duty with discrete constant loads – Duty type S10 . 28
Figure 11 – Voltage and frequency limits for motors and for generators except
generators or synchronous compensators within the scope of IEC 60034-3 and hydro
generators within the scope of IEC 60034-33 . 39
Figure 12 – Worst case increase in temperature rise (∆θ) and recommended reduction
of output power (∆P) of motors as a function of the combined change of voltage and
frequency |∆∅| (indicative guideline to users of motors and generators only) . 39

Table 1 – Preferred voltage ratings . 31
Table 2 – Unbalanced operating conditions for synchronous machines . 36
Table 3 – CCC symbol designation . 37
Table 4 – Primary functions of machines . 38
Table 5 – Reference coolant (see also Table 11) . 40
Table 6 – Time interval . 44
Table 7 – Measuring points . 47
Table 8 – Limits of temperature rise of windings indirectly cooled by air. 49
Table 9 – Limits of temperature rise of windings indirectly cooled by hydrogen . 50
Table 10 – Adjustments to limits of temperature rise at the operating site of indirect
cooled windings to take account of non-reference operating conditions and ratings . 51
Table 11 – Assumed maximum ambient temperature . 52
Table 12 – Adjusted limits of temperature rise at the test site (∆θ ) for windings
T
indirectly cooled by air to take account of test site operating conditions . 53
Table 13 – Limits of temperature of directly cooled windings and their coolants . 54

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Table 14 – Adjustments to limits of temperature at the operating site for windings
directly cooled by air or hydrogen to take account of non-reference operating
conditions and ratings . 54
Table 15 – Adjusted limits of temperature at the test site θ for windings directly
T
cooled by air to take account of test site operating conditions . 55
Table 16 – Minimum routine tests for machines assembled and tested in the factory of
the manufacturer . 56
Table 17 – Withstand voltage tests . 57
Table 18 – Test voltage factors for machines with an assigned Impulse Voltage
Insulation Class (IVIC) according to IEC 60034-18-41 and -42 . 59
Table 19 – Maximum safe operating speed (min− ) of three-phase single-speed cage
induction motors for voltages up to and including 1 000 V . 62
Table 20 – Overspeeds . 63
Table 21 – Cross-sectional areas of earthing conductors . 70
Table 22 – Schedule of tolerances on values of quantities . 71
Table B.1 – Electromagnetic emission limits per CISPR 11 Class B Group 1. 76
Table B.2 – Electromagnetic emission limits per CISPR 11 Class A Group 1. 76

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IEC CDV 60034-1© IEC 2021 – 7 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
ROTATING ELECTRICAL MACHINES –

Part 1: Rating and performance

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
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with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60034-1 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 2:
Rotating machinery.
This thirteenth edition cancels and replaces the twelfth edition published in 2010. It
constitutes a technical revision.

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The main technical changes with regard to the previous edition are as follows:
Clause or
Change
subclause
1. Clarification of the scope
2. General use of dated references
3.29 Clarification on identification of maximum and minimum current
3.34 Definition of main insulation
3.35 Definition of converter capable machine
3.36 Definition of converter duty machine
3.37 Definition of shaft voltage
4.2 Explanation for using duty types S9 and S10 for converter duty machines
5.6.3 New clause for clarification of the terms range of rated voltages and voltage variations
6.2 Requirement to consider reduced arcing distance in machine design for altitudes >1000 m
7.1 Clarification on bus transfer or fast reclosing
Clarification on the capability to withstand impulse voltages
7.3 New clause on voltage deviation during starting
7.4 Extended variation of supply frequency
Note added on design for operation with extended voltage and frequency
Recommended derating added for high variations of voltage and frequency
7.6 Clarification that enamelled wires are no bare living material
8.3.1 Clarification on electrical supply during thermal tests added
9.1 Changes in table 16, especially inclusion of PM and reluctance synchronous machines
9.2 Requirement on test equipment for withstand voltage test added
Test voltage for variable speed AC machines added
Clarification to withstand voltage test for machines after stock holding
9.5 Extended to requirements on minimum locked rotor torque
9.10 Note added on criteria for commutation test
9.11.3 Clarification added that synchronous motors don’t need a THD test
9.12 New clause on protective earth test
9.13 New clause on measurement of insulation resistance and polarization index
9.14 New clause on shaft-voltage measurement
10. Section has been rearranged completely
Clarification on unit symbol for speed added
11.1 Clarification on protective earth test after installation added
12.1 Clarification on the tolerances due to the accuracy of the test equipment
Note on measurement uncertainty added
12.2 Change in the tolerance on efficiency
Clarification on the tolerance on locked-rotor current
New tolerance on sound pressure level
14 Improved name of clause
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The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
2/XXXX/FDIS 2/XXXX/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all parts of the IEC 60034 series, published under the general title Rotating electrical
machines, can be found on the IEC website.
NOTE A table of cross-references of all IEC TC 2 publications can be found in the IEC TC 2 dashboard on the
IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
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1 ROTATING ELECTRICAL MACHINES –
3 Part 1: Rating and performance
6 1 Scope
7 This part of IEC 60034 is applicable to all rotating electrical machines except rotating
8 electrical machines for rail and road vehicles, which are covered by the IEC 60349 series of
9 standards.
10 Machines within the scope of this document may also be subject to superseding, modifying or
11 additional requirements in other standards, for example, IEC 60079 and IEC 60092.
12 NOTE If particular clauses of this document are modified to meet special applications, for example machines
13 subject to radioactivity or machines for aerospace, all other clauses apply insofar as they are compatible.
14 2 Normative references
15 The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their
16 content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition
17 cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including
18 any amendments) applies.
19 IEC 60027-1:1992+COR1:1993+AMD1:1997+AMD2:2005, Letter symbols to be used in
20 electrical technology – Part 1: General
21 IEC 60027-4:2006, Letter symbols to be used in electrical technology – Part 4: Rotating
22 electric machines
23 IEC 60034-2 (all parts, -2-1:2014, -2-2:2010, -2-3:2020), Rotating electrical machines – Part
24 2: Standard methods for determining losses and efficiency from tests (excluding machines for
25 traction vehicles)
26 IEC 60034-3:2020, Rotating electrical machines – Part 3: Specific requirements for
27 synchronous generators driven by steam turbines or combustion gas turbines
28 IEC 60034-5:2020, Rotating electrical machines – Part 5: Degrees of protection provided by
29 the integral design of rotating electrical machines (IP code) – Classification
30 IEC 60034-6:1991, Rotating electrical machines – Part 6: Methods of cooling (IC code)
31 IEC 60034-8:2007+AMD1:2014, Rotating electrical machines – Part 8: Terminal markings and
32 direction of rotation
33 IEC 60034-12:2016, Rotating electrical machines – Part 12: Starting performance of single-
34 speed three-phase cage induction motors
35 IEC 60034-15:2009, Rotating electrical machines – Part 15: Impulse voltage withstand levels
36 of form-wound stator coils for rotating a.c. machines
37 IEC 60034-18 (all parts, -18-1:2010, -18-21:2012, -18-31:2012, -18-32:2010, -18-33:2010, -
38 18-34:2012), Rotating electrical machines – Part 18: Functional evaluation of insulation
39 systems
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40 IEC 60034-18-41:2014+AMD1:2019, Rotating electrical machines – Part 18-41: Partial
41 discharge free electrical insulation systems (Type I) used in rotating electrical machines fed
42 from voltage converters – Qualification and quality control tests
43 IEC 60034-18-42:2017+AMD1:2019, Rotating electrical machines - Part 18-42: Qualification
44 and acceptance tests for Type II electrical insulation systems used in rotating electrical
45 machines fed from voltage converters
46 IEC 60034-19:2014, Rotating electrical machines - Part 19: Specific test methods for d.c.
47 machines on conventional and rectifier-fed supplies
48 IEC TS 60034-24:2009, Rotating electrical machines – Part 24: Online detection and
49 diagnosis of potential failures at the active parts of rotating electrical machines and of bearing
50 currents – Application guide
51 IEC TS 60034-25:2014, Rotating electrical machines – Part 25: AC electrical machines used
52 in power drive systems – Application guide
53 IEC 60034-29:2008, Rotating electrical machines – Part 29: Equivalent loading and
54 superposition techniques – Indirect testing to determine temperature rise
55 IEC 60034-30-1:2014, Rotating electrical machines – Part 30-1: Efficiency classes of line
56 operated A.C. motors (IE-code)
57 IEC 60034-33:202x, Rotating electrical machines - Part 33: Specific technical requirements
58 for hydro generators
59 IEC 60038:2009, IEC standard voltages
60 IEC 60050-411:1996+AMD1:2007, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter
61 411: Rotating machines
62 IEC 60060-1:2010, High-voltage test techniques – Part 1: General definitions and test
63 requirements
64 IEC 60072 (all parts, -1:1991, -2:1990, -3:1994), Dimensions and output series for rotating
65 electrical machines
66 IEC 60085:2007, Electrical insulation – Thermal evaluation and designation
67 IEC 60204-1:2016, Safety of machinery – Electrical equipment of machines – Part 1: General
68 requirements
69 IEC 60204-11:2018, Safety of machinery – Electrical equipment of machines – Part 11:
70 Requirements for HV equipment for voltages above 1 000 V a.c. or 1 500 V d.c. and not
71 exceeding 36 kV
72 IEC 60335-1:2010, Household and similar electrical appliances – Safety – Part 1: General
73 requirements
74 IEC 60445:2017+COR1:2017, Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking
75 and identification – Identification of equipment terminals, conductor terminations and
76 conductors
77 IEC 60664-1:2007, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems – Part 1:
78 Principles, requirements and tests

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79 IEC 61148:2011, Terminal markings for valve device stacks and assemblies and for power
80 conversion equipment
81 IEC 61293:2019, Marking of electrical equipment with ratings related to electrical supply –
82 Safety requirements
83 CISPR 11:2015, Industrial, scientific and medical equipment – Radiofrequency disturbance
84 characteristics – Limits and methods of measurement
85 CISPR 14 (all parts, -1:2016, -2:2015), Electromagnetic compatibility – Requirements for
86 household appliances, electric tools and similar apparatus
87 CISPR 16 (all parts), Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
88 and methods
89 3 Terms and definitions
90 For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions in IEC 60050-411, some of which
91 are repeated here for convenience, and the following apply.
92 NOTE 1 For definitions concerning cooling and coolants, other than those in 3.17 to 3.22, see IEC 60034-6.
93 NOTE 2 For the purposes of this document, the term ‘agreement’ means ‘agreement between the manufacturer
94 and purchaser’.
95 ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
96 addresses:
97 • IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
98 • ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
100 rated value
101 quantity value assigned, generally by a manufacturer, for a specified operating condition of a
102 machine
103 Note 1 to entry: The rated voltage or voltage range is the rated voltage or voltage range between lines at the
104 terminals.
105 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-411:1996, 411-51-23]
107 rating
108 set of rated values and operating conditions
109 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-411:1996, 411-51-24]
111 rated output
112 value of the output included in the rating
114 load
115 all the values of the, in case of a generator, electrical and, in case of a motor, mechanical
116 quantities that signify the demand made on a rotating machine by an electrical circuit or a
117 mechanism at a given instant
118 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-411:1996, 411-51-01, modified:modification indicated in italics]

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120 no-load
121 state of a machine rotating with zero output power (but under otherwise normal operating
122 conditions)
123 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-411:1996, 411-51-02, modified: modification indicated in italics]
125 full load
126 load which causes a machine to operate at its rating
127 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-411:1996, 411-51-10]
129 full load value
130 quantity value for a machine operating at full load
131 Note 1 to entry: This concept applies to power, torque, current, speed, etc.
132 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-411:1996, 411-51-11]
134 rest and de-energized
135 complete absence of all movement and of all electrical supply or mechanical drive
136 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-411:1996, 411-51-03]
138 duty
139 statement of the load(s) to which the machine is subjected, including, if applicable, starting,
140 electric braking, no-load and rest and de-energized periods, and including their durations and
141 sequence in time
142 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-411:1996, 411-51-06]
144 duty type
145 continuous, short-time or periodic duty, comprising one or more loads remaining constant for
146 the duration specified, or a non-periodic duty in which generally load and speed vary within
147 the permissible operating range
148 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-411:1996, 411-51-13]
150 cyclic duration factor
151 ratio between the period of loading, including starting and electric braking, and the duration of
152 the duty cycle, expressed as a percentage
153 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-411:1996, 411-51-09]
155 locked-rotor torque
156 minimum measured torque the motor develops at its shaft and with the rotor locked, over all
157 its angular positions, at rated voltage and frequency
158 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-411:1996, 411-48-06]

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160 locked-rotor current
161 greatest steady-state r.m.s. current taken from the line with the rotor locked, over all angular
162 positions of its rotor, at rated voltage and frequency
163 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-411:1996, 411-48-16]
165 pull-up torque
166 minimum steady-state asynchronous torque which the motor develops between zero speed
167 and the speed which corresponds to the breakdown torque, when the motor is supplied at the
168 rated voltage and frequency
169 Note 1 to entry: This definition does not apply to those asynchronous motors of which the torque continually
170 decreases with increase in speed.
171 Note 2 to entry: In addition to the steady-state asynchronous torques, harmonic synchronous torques, which are a
172 function of rotor load angle, will be present at specific speeds.
173 At such speeds, the accelerating torque may be negative for some rotor load angles.
174 Experience and calculation show this to be an unstable operating condition and therefore harmonic synchronous
175 torques do not prevent motor acceleration and are excluded from this definition.
177 breakdown torque
178 maximum steady-state asynchronous torque which the motor develops without an abrupt drop
179 in speed, when the motor is supplied at the rated voltage and frequency
180 Note 1 to entry: This definition does not apply to motors with torques that continually decrease with increase in
181 speed.
183 pull-out torque
184 maximum torque which the synchronous motor develops at synchronous speed with rated
185 voltage, frequency and field current
187 cooling
188 procedure by means of which heat resulting from losses occurring in a machine is given up to
189 a primary coolant, which may be continuously replaced or may itself be cooled by a secondary
190 coolant in a heat exchanger
191 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-411:1996, 411-44-01]
193 coolant
194 medium, liquid or gas, by means of which heat is transferred
195 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-411:1996, 411-44-0
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