EN 50413:2008
(Main)Basic standard on measurement and calculation procedures for human exposure to electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields (0 Hz - 300 GHz)
Basic standard on measurement and calculation procedures for human exposure to electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields (0 Hz - 300 GHz)
This European Standard gives elements to establish methods for measurement and calculation of quantities associated with the assessment of human exposure to electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields (EMF) in the frequency range from 0 Hz to 300 GHz. The major intention of this Basic Standard is to give the common background and information to relevant EMF standards. This Basic Standard cannot go into details extensively due to the broad frequency range and the huge amount of possible applications. Therefore it is not possible to specify detailed calculation or measurement procedures in this Basic Standard. This standard provides general procedures only for those product and workplace categories for which there do not exist any relevant assessment procedures in any existing European EMF basic standard. If there exists an applicable European EMF standard focused on specific product or workplace categories then the assessment shall follow that standard. If an applicable European EMF standard does not exist, but an applicable assessment procedure in another European EMF standard does exist, then that assessment procedure shall be used. This standard deals with quantities that can be measured or calculated in free space, notably electric and magnetic field strength or power density, and includes the measurement and calculation of quantities inside the body that forms the basis for protection guidelines. In particular the standard provides information on • definitions and terminology, • characteristics of electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields, • measurement of exposure quantities, • instrumentation requirements, • methods of calibration, • measurement techniques and procedures for evaluating exposure, • calculation methods for exposure assessment.
Grundnorm zu Mess- und Berechnungsverfahren der Exposition von Personen in elektrischen, magnetischen und elektromagnetischen Feldern (0 Hz bis 300 GHz)
Diese Europäische Norm stellt Elemente zur Einführung von Verfahren zur Messung und Berechnung der mit der Beurteilung der Sicherheit von Personen in elektrischen, magnetischen und elektromagnetischen Feldern (EMF) im Frequenzbereich von 0 Hz bis 300 GHz verbundenen Größen bereit. Ihre Hauptintention besteht darin, den allgemeinen Hintergrund und Informationen für die Nutzung durch (andere) relevante EMF-Normen zur Verfügung zu stellen. Aufgrund ihres breiten Frequenzbereichs und des großen Umfangs an möglichen Anwendungen kann diese Grundnorm nicht zu ausführlich in die Details gehen Daher ist es nicht möglich, die Einzelheiten der Mess- oder Berechnungsverfahren in dieser Grundnorm festzulegen. Diese Norm stellt allgemeine Verfahren nur für solche Produkte und Arbeitsplatzkategorien bereit, für die keine relevanten (spezifischen) Beurteilungsverfahren in irgendeiner Europäischen EMF-Grundnorm existieren. Wenn eine anwendbare Europäische EMF-Grundnorm existiert, die auf spezifische Produkte oder Arbeitsplatzkategorien fokussiert ist, dann muss die Beurteilung nach dieser Norm erfolgen. Wenn keine anwendbare Europäische EMF-Grundnorm existiert, aber ein anwendbares Beurteilungsverfahren in einer anderen Europäischen EMF-Norm vorhanden ist, dann muss letzteres Beurteilungsverfahren verwendet werden. Diese Norm befasst sich mit Größen, die im freien Raum gemessen oder berechnet werden können, namentlich die elektrische und magnetische Feldstärke sowie die Leistungsdichte, und schließt die Messung und Berechnung von im Körper auftretenden Größen ein, die die Grundlage für Sicherheitsrichtlinien bilden. Insbesondere stellt die Norm Informationen • zu Begriffen und Terminologie, • zu den Eigenschaften von elektrischen, magnetischen und elektromagnetischen Feldern, • zur Messung von Expositionsgrößen, • zu Anforderungen an die Messgeräte, • zu Kalibrierverfahren, • zu Messverfahren und Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Exposition, • zu Berechnungsverfahren für die Beurteilung der Exposition bereit.
Norme de base pour les procédures de mesures et de calculs pour l'exposition des personnes aux champs électriques, magnétiques et électromagnétiques (0 Hz - 300 GHz)
La présente Norme Européenne apportent des éléments pour établir des méthodes de mesure et de calcul de grandeurs associées à l’évaluation de l’exposition du corps humain aux champs électriques, magnétiques et électromagnétiques (EMF) dans le domaine de fréquence s’étendant de 0 Hz à 300 GHz. L’objectif majeur de cette norme de base est de fournir la connaissance de base commune et des informations destinées aux normes EMF pertinentes. Cette norme de base ne peut pas aller profondément dans le détail du fait du large domaine de fréquence traité et du nombre considérable d'applications possibles. Il n’est donc pas possible dans cette norme de base, de spécifier en détail des procédures de calcul ou de mesure. Cette norme donne des procédures générales uniquement pour les produits et les classements de lieux de travail pour lesquelles il n’existe pas de procédure d’évaluation pertinente dans les autres normes de base EMF européennes existantes. S’il existe une norme EMF européenne applicable traitant d’un produit spécifique ou de classements de lieux de travail, alors l’évaluation doit suivre celle-ci. S’il n’existe pas de norme EMF européenne applicable, mais qu’une procédure d’évaluation applicable existe dans une autre norme européenne, alors cette procédure d’évaluation doit être utilisée. La présente norme traite des grandeurs qui peuvent être mesurées ou calculées en espace libre, notamment les valeurs de champs électriques et magnétiques et de densité de puissance, et elle inclut la mesure et le calcul des grandeurs à l’intérieur du corps, qui constituent la base des recommandations pour la protection. En particulier, la présente norme fournit des informations sur • les définitions et la terminologie, • les caractéristiques des champs électriques, magnétiques et électromagnétiques, • la mesure des grandeurs d’exposition, • les exigences pour l’instrumentation, • les méthodes d’étalonnage, • les techniques de mesure et les procédures pour évaluer l’exposition, • les méthodes de calcul pour l’évaluation de l’exposition.
Osnovni standard za merjenje in izračunavanje izpostavljenosti ljudi električnim, magnetnim poljem in elektromagnetnim sevanjem (0 Hz - 300 GHz)
Ta evropski standard vsebuje elemente za določitev metod za merjenje in izračunavanje veličin, povezanih z oceno izpostavljenosti ljudi električnim, magnetnim poljem in elektromagnetnim sevanjem (EMF) v frekvenčnem razponu od 0 Hz do 300 GHz. Glavni cilj tega osnovnega standarda je navesti skupno ozadje in informacije za ustrezne standarde za EMF. Ta osnovni standard ne more navajati podrobnih informacij zaradi širokega frekvenčnega razpona in izredno velikega števila možnih uporab. Zato v tem osnovnem standardu ni mogoče opredeliti podrobnih postopkov za merjenje ali izračunavanje. Ta standard zagotavlja splošne postopke samo za kategorije proizvodov in delovnih mest, za katere v nobenem obstoječem evropskem osnovnem standardu za EMF ne obstajajo ustrezni ocenjevalni postopki. Če obstaja primeren evropski standard za EMF, ki se osredotoča na specifične kategorije proizvodov ali delovnih mest, je treba pri oceni upoštevati ta standard. Če primeren evropski standard za EMF ne obstaja, obstaja pa primeren ocenjevalni postopek v drugem evropskem standardu za EMF, se mora uporabiti ta ocenjevalni postopek. Ta standard obravnava veličine, ki jih je mogoče izmeriti ali izračunati na prostem, tj. moč električnega in magnetnega polja ali gostota moči, ter zajema merjenje in izračunavanje veličin znotraj telesa, ki tvori podlago za smernice za zaščito. Standard zlasti zagotavlja informacije o: – definicijah in terminologiji; – značilnostih električnih, magnetnih polj in elektromagnetnih sevanj; – merjenju veličinah izpostavljenosti; – merilnih zahtevah; – kalibrirnih metodah; – merilnih tehnikah in postopkih za vrednotenje izpostavljenosti; – metodah izračuna za oceno izpostavljenosti.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Grundnorm zu Mess- und Berechnungsverfahren der Exposition von Personen in elektrischen, magnetischen und elektromagnetischen Feldern (0 Hz bis 300 GHz)Norme de base pour les procédures de mesures et de calculs pour l'exposition des personnes aux champs électriques, magnétiques et électromagnétiques (0 Hz - 300 GHz)Basic standard on measurement and calculation procedures for human exposure to electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields (0 Hz - 300 GHz)33.100.01Elektromagnetna združljivost na splošnoElectromagnetic compatibility in general17.220.20Measurement of electrical and magnetic quantitiesICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 50413:2008SIST EN 50413:2009en,fr,de01-marec-2009SIST EN 50413:2009SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 50413 NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM December 2008
CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels
© 2008 CENELEC -
All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 50413:2008 E
ICS 17.220.20; 33.100.01
English version
Basic standard on measurement and calculation procedures
for human exposure to electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields
(0 Hz - 300 GHz)
Norme de base
pour les procédures de mesures
et de calculs pour l'exposition
des personnes aux champs électriques, magnétiques et électromagnétiques
(0 Hz - 300 GHz)
Grundnorm zu Mess- und Berechnungsverfahren der Exposition
von Personen in elektrischen, magnetischen und
elektromagnetischen Feldern
(0 Hz bis 300 GHz)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2008-09-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on applica-tion to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other lan-guage made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
(dop)
2009-09-01 – latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn
(dow)
2011-09-01
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– 3 – EN 50413:2008 Contents 1 Scope . 5 2 Normative references. 5 3 Definitions . 5 4 Introduction . 9 4.1 General remarks . 9 4.2 Static fields . 10 4.3 Low frequency range . 10 4.4 High frequency range. 10 4.5 Multiple frequency fields and multiple sources . 11 4.6 Exposure scenario . 11 5 Assessment of human exposure by measurement . 11 5.1 General remarks . 11 5.2 EM field measurement . 12 5.3 Body current measurement . 16 5.4 Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) . 17 5.5 Uncertainty . 19 5.6 Calibration . 19 6 Assessment of human exposure by calculation . 20 6.1 General aspects . 20 6.2 SAR calculation . 20 6.3 Uncertainty of calculations . 20 7 Phantoms for measurement and computation . 21 8 Assessment report . 21 8.1 General . 21 8.2 Items to be recorded in the assessment report . 21 9 References . 22 Annex A (informative)
Analytical models for validation of calculation methods . 24 Annex B (informative)
Numerical methods. 35 Annex C (informative)
Uncertainty assessment for the measurement of EMF. 38 Annex D (informative)
Consideration of different types of radio transmission (modulation) . 43 Bibliography . 48 Figures Figure A.1 – Scheme of the spheroid . 28 Figure A.2 – kE versus parameter L/R . Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure A.3 – Current density induced by an electric field of strength equal to 1 kV/m,
50 Hz versus parameter L/R . 31 Figure A.4 – Scheme of the spheroid simulating a human being standing on a zero potential plane. . 31 Figure A.5 – Scheme of the spheroid . 32 Figure A.6 – kB versus coordinate y (at z = 0) for different values of the ratio L/R . 33 Figure A.7– kB versus coordinate z (at y = 0) for different values of the ratio L/R . 34 SIST EN 50413:2009
in the Radio Regulations of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) . 44 Table D.2 – Relationship between carrier, mean and peak power for the most usual modulation types
in the case of maximum modulated signal . 46
– 5 – EN 50413:2008 1 Scope This European Standard gives elements to establish methods for measurement and calculation of quantities associated with the assessment of human exposure to electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields (EMF) in the frequency range from 0 Hz to 300 GHz. The major intention of this Basic Standard is to give the common background and information to relevant EMF standards. This Basic Standard cannot go into details extensively due to the broad frequency range and the huge amount of possible applications. Therefore it is not possible to specify detailed calculation or measurement procedures in this Basic Standard. This standard provides general procedures only for those product and workplace categories for which there do not exist any relevant assessment procedures in any existing European EMF basic standard. If there exists an applicable European EMF standard focused on specific product or workplace categories then the assessment shall follow that standard. If an applicable European EMF standard does not exist, but an applicable assessment procedure in another European EMF standard does exist, then that assessment procedure shall be used. This standard deals with quantities that can be measured or calculated in free space, notably electric and magnetic field strength or power density, and includes the measurement and calculation of quantities inside the body that forms the basis for protection guidelines. In particular the standard provides information on • definitions and terminology, • characteristics of electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields, • measurement of exposure quantities, • instrumentation requirements, • methods of calibration, • measurement techniques and procedures for evaluating exposure, • calculation methods for exposure assessment. 2 Normative references Void. 3 Definitions For the purpose of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 action values magnitude of directly measurable parameters, provided in terms of electric field strength (E), magnetic field strength (H), magnetic flux density (B) and power density (S), at which one or more of the specified measures in Directive 2004/40/EC must be undertaken. Compliance with these values will ensure compliance with the relevant exposure limit values (from 2004/40/EC) 3.2 antenna device that serves as a transducer between a guided wave for example in a coaxial cable and a free space wave, or vice versa 3.3 basic restriction restrictions on exposure to time-varying electric, magnetic, and electromagnetic fields that are based directly on established health effects (from ICNIRP guidelines) 3.4 contact current current flowing into the body resulting from contact with a conductive object in an electromagnetic field. This is the localised current flow into the body (usually the hand, for a light brushing contact) SIST EN 50413:2009
– 7 – EN 50413:2008 3.13 induced current (I) current induced inside the body as a result of direct exposure to electromagnetic fields, expressed in the unit ampere (A) 3.14 linearity of measurement instrument maximum deviation over the measurement range of the measured quantity from the closest linear reference curv
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