EN 50491-12-1:2018

General requirements for Home and Building Electronic Systems (HBES) and Building Automation and Control Systems (BACS) - Smart grid - Application specification - Interface and framework for customer - Part 12-1: Interface between the CEM and Home/Building Resource manager - General Requirements and Architecture

This document specifies General Requirements and Architecture of an application layer interface between the Customer Energy Manager (CEM) and Smart Devices (SD) operating within the smart grid premises-side system (i.e. home or building but not industrial premises). This document does not include requirements for: – Safety; – EMC; – Data security; it is assumed that the underlying protocols will take the data security aspect into account; NOTE Although data security is not within the scope of this standard, in Clause 4 some high-level design guidelines for data security are provided. – Special equipment (e.g. legacy heat pumps) with a direct physical connection to the grid, as such equipment bypasses the CEM and is not HBES/BACS enabled (covered by other standards than the EN 50491 series).

Allgemeine Anforderungen an die Elektrische Systemtechnik für Heim und Gebäude (ESHG) und an Systeme der Gebäudeautomation (GA) – Smart grid – Anwendungsspezifikation - Struktur der Schnittstelle für Anwender - Teil 12-1: Schnittstelle zwischen CEM und Heim-/Gebäude-Ressourcenmanager - Allgemeine Anforderungen und Architektur

Exigences générales relatives aux systèmes électroniques pour les foyers domestiques et les bâtiments (HBES) et aux systèmes de gestion technique du bâtiment (SGTB) Réseau intelligent Spécification d'application Interface et cadre pour le client - Partie 12-1 : Interface entre le gestionnaire d'énergie pour le client (CEM, Customer Energy Manager) et le gestionnaire de ressources pour foyers domestiques/ bâtiments. Exigences et Architecture générales

Splošne zahteve za stanovanjske in stavbne elektronske sisteme (HBES) in sisteme za nadzor in avtomatizacijo stavb (BACS) - Pametna omrežja - Aplikacijske specifikacije - Vmesnik in okvir za odjemalca - 12-1. del: Vmesnik med CEM in upravljalcem stanovanjskih in stavbnih virov - Splošne zahteve in arhitektura

Ta dokument določa splošne zahteve in arhitekturo za vmesnik aplikacijske ravni med upravljalcem energije odjemalcev (CEM) in pametnimi napravami (SD), ki delujejo v sistemu prostorov s pametnim omrežjem (tj. stanovanjih ali stavbah in ne industrijskih prostorih).
Ta dokument ne vključuje zahtev za:
– varnost;
– elektromagnetno združljivost (EMC);
– varnost podatkov; predpostavlja se, da bodo osnovni protokoli upoštevali vidik varnosti podatkov;
OPOMBA: Čeprav varnost podatkov ne spada na področje uporabe tega standarda, je v točki 4 navedenih nekaj pomembnih oblikovnih smernic o varnosti podatkov.
– posebno opremo (npr. podedovane toplotne črpalke) z neposredno fizično povezavo z omrežjem, ker takšna oprema zaobide upravljalca energije odjemalcev in ne omogoča uporabe s stanovanjskimi in stavbnimi elektronskimi sistemi (HBES) ali sistemi za nadzor in avtomatizacijo stavb (BACS) (obravnavani so v drugih standardih,
ki ne spadajo v skupino standardov EN 50491).

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 26-Jul-2018
• Withdrawal Date: 17-Jun-2021
• ICS: 97.120 - Automatic controls for household use
• Technical Committee: CLC/TC 205 - Home and Building Electronic Systems (HBES)
• Drafting Committee: CLC/TC 205 - Home and Building Electronic Systems (HBES)
• Current Stage: 6060 - Document made available - Publishing
• Start Date: 27-Jul-2018
• Due Date: 16-Mar-2019
• Completion Date: 27-Jul-2018
• Mandate: M/490 - Standardisation mandate to the European Standardisation Organisations (ESOs) to support European Smart Grid deployment
• Ref Project: SIST EN 50491-12-1:2018 - General requirements for Home and Building Electronic Systems (HBES) and Building Automation and Control Systems (BACS) - Smart grid - Application specification - Interface and framework for customer - Part 12-1: Interface between the CEM and Home/Building Resource manager - General Requirements and Architecture

Relations

• Replaced By: EN IEC 63402-1:2025 - Energy efficiency - Customer energy management systems - Part 1: General requirements and architecture
• Effective Date: 25-Jan-2022

Overview

EN 50491-12-1:2018 defines the general requirements and architecture for the application-layer interface between a Customer Energy Manager (CEM) and Home/Building Resource Managers in premises-side smart grid systems. It applies to homes and buildings (non‑industrial premises) and is part of the EN 50491 series for HBES (Home and Building Electronic Systems) and BACS (Building Automation and Control Systems). The standard describes the roles, functional entities and logical interfaces (notably S1 and S2), and provides high‑level design guidance - including privacy/security recommendations - for integration of smart devices, single-application smart systems (SASS), and resource managers.

Key topics and requirements

• Scope and exclusions
  • Covers the application layer interface between the CEM and Resource Manager (Interface S2).
  • Does not set specific requirements for safety, EMC or detailed data‑security mechanisms (assumes underlying protocols handle these). Clause 4 includes high‑level security/privacy design guidelines.
  • Excludes special grid‑connected legacy equipment that bypasses the CEM.
• Architecture elements
  • Customer Energy Manager (CEM) - optimizes consumption, production and storage based on customer preferences and external grid info.
  • Resource Manager - logical representative of a device or device group, responsible for clear device instructions.
  • Energy Management Gateway (EMG) and Smart Grid Connection Point (SGCP) - premises‑to‑grid interfacing entities.
  • Interfaces S1 & S2 - S1: EMG ↔ CEM; S2: CEM ↔ Resource Manager (primary focus of this part).
• Design guidance
  • Data security & privacy separation between grid‑side and premises‑side.
  • Recommendations for limiting exposure (e.g., minimize CEM connection points to neighbourhood networks).
  • Support for device‑type‑agnostic energy management and extensibility of the S2 interface.
• Interoperability and use cases
  • Includes user stories, use‑case examples and requirements for interoperability and extensible messaging/data models.

Applications and who uses it

• System architects and integrators designing smart home / building energy management systems.
• Manufacturers of HBES/BACS devices, Resource Managers, smart appliances and EMGs.
• Energy service providers, aggregators and utilities implementing premises‑side smart grid interfaces.
• Software developers building CEM platforms, energy management APIs, and device‑agnostic control layers. EN 50491-12-1:2018 helps ensure consistent interfacing between CEMs and device managers to enable demand response, local optimization of distributed energy resources (DER), storage and coordinated load control.

Related standards

• EN 50491 (series) - general HBES/BACS requirements (Part 1, Parts 4–6, Part 11 Smart Metering, Part 12 family).
• Future related parts: EN 50491-12-2 (data model & messaging), 12-3 (CEM) and 12-4 (Resource Manager) - for detailed protocol and implementation guidance.

Keywords: EN 50491-12-1:2018, CEM, Resource Manager, Smart Grid, HBES, BACS, S2 interface, EMG, SGCP, data security, interoperability.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-oktober-2018
Splošne zahteve za stanovanjske in stavbne elektronske sisteme (HBES) in
sisteme za nadzor in avtomatizacijo stavb (BACS) - Pametna omrežja - Aplikacijske
specifikacije - Vmesnik in okvir za odjemalca - 12-1. del: Vmesnik med CEM in
upravljalcem stanovanjskih in stavbnih virov - Splošne zahteve in arhitektura
General requirements for Home and Building Electronic Systems (HBES) and Building
Automation and Control Systems (BACS) - Smart grid - Application specification -
Interface and framework for customer - Part 12-1: Interface between the CEM and
Home/Building Resource manager - General Requirements and Architecture
Allgemeine Anforderungen an die Elektrische Systemtechnik für Heim und Gebäude
(ESHG) und an Systeme der Gebäudeautomation (GA) - Smart grid -
Anwendungsspezifikaion - Struktur der Schnittstelle für Anwender - Teil 12-1:
Schnittstelle zwischen CEM und Heim-/Gebäude-Ressourcenmanager - Allgemeine
Anforderungen und Architektur
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 50491-12-1:2018
ICS:
35.240.67 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in building
gradbeništvu and construction industry
97.120 Avtomatske krmilne naprave Automatic controls for
za dom household use
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 50491-12-1

NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
July 2018
ICS 97.120
English Version
General requirements for Home and Building Electronic Systems
(HBES) and Building Automation and Control Systems (BACS) -
Smart grid - Application specification - Interface and framework
for customer - Part 12-1: Interface between the CEM and
Home/Building Resource manager - General Requirements and
Architecture
Exigences générales relatives aux systèmes électroniques Allgemeine Anforderungen an die Elektrische
pour les foyers domestiques et les bâtiments (HBES) et aux Systemtechnik für Heim und Gebäude (ESHG) und an
systèmes de gestion technique du bâtiment (SGTB) Systeme der Gebäudeautomation (GA) - Smart grid -
Réseau intelligent Spécification d'application Interface et Anwendungsspezifikaion - Struktur der Schnittstelle für
cadre pour le client - Partie 12-1 : Interface entre le Anwender - Teil 12-1: Schnittstelle zwischen CEM und
gestionnaire d'énergie pour le client (CEM, Customer Heim-/Gebäude-Ressourcenmanager - Allgemeine
Energy Manager) et le gestionnaire de ressources pour Anforderungen und Architektur
foyers domestiques/ bâtiments. Exigences et Architecture
générales
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2018-06-18. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.

European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2018 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN 50491-12-1:2018 E
Contents Page
European foreword 3
Introduction 4
1 Scope 5
2 Normative references 5
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 5
3.1 Terms and definitions 5
3.2 Abbreviations 8
4 Design considerations 8
4.1 General 8
4.2 Data security / privacy design guidelines 8
4.2.1 General 8
4.2.2 Data security / privacy on the smart grid side 8
4.2.3 Data security / privacy on premises side 9
4.2.4 Customer Energy Management System security 9
4.3 Device type agnostic energy management 9
4.4 Clock alignment 9
5 Background 9
6 Smart Grid premises side Architecture 12
6.1 General 12
6.2 Smart Grid Connection Point (SGCP) 14
6.3 Energy Management Gateway (EMG) 14
6.4 Interface S1 15
6.5 Customer Energy Manager (CEM) 15
6.6 Interface S2 16
6.7 Resource manager 16
6.8 HBES, SASS and Smart Devices 17
7 User Stories and Use Cases 17
7.1 Requirements for interoperability 17
7.2 Determining the requirements for Interface S2 18
7.3 Extensibility of S2 Requirements 18
Annex A (informative) Use Case example 19
Bibliography 22
European foreword
This document (EN 50491-12-1:2018) has been prepared by the Technical Committee CLC/TC 205, “Home
and Building Electronic Systems (HBES)”.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which this document has (dop) 2019-06-18
to be implemented at national level by
publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national (dow) 2021-06-18
standards conflicting with this document
have to be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CENELEC by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association.
EN 50491-12-1 is part of the EN 50491 series of European Standards - General requirements for Home and
Building Electronic Systems (HBES) and Building Automation and Control Systems (BACS) - which will
comprise the following parts:
— Part 1: General requirements;
— Part 2: Environmental Conditions;
— Part 3: Electrical Safety Requirements;
— Part 4-1: General functional safety requirements for products intended to be integrated in Building
Electronic Systems (HBES) and Building Automation and Control Systems (BACS);
— Part 5-1: EMC requirements, conditions and test set-up;
— Part 5-2: EMC requirements for HBES/BACS used in residential, commercial and light industry
environment;
— Part 5-3: EMC requirements for HBES/BACS used in industry environment
— Part 6-1: HBES installations - Installation and planning;
— Part 6-3: HBES installations - Assessment and definition of levels;
— Part 11: Smart Metering – Application Specification – Simple External Consumer Display;
— Part 12: Smart grid - Application specification - Interface and framework for customer;
— Part 12-1: Interface between the CEM and Home/Building Resource manager– General Requirements and
Architecture
— Future Part 12-2: Interface between the Home/Building CEM and Resource manager(s)– Data model and
messaging
— Future Part 12-3: Home/Building Customer Energy Manager (CEM)
— Future Part 12-4: Resource manager
Introduction
Traditional electricity networks make use of a primarily one-way flow of energy and communication from the
generator to the consumer via the transmission and distribution systems.
Although there is some monitoring and control of equipment in the transmission and distribution systems, there
is no communication with, or control of, consumer equipment. In particular, there is no means of requesting
short-term control of consumer equipment according to generation and/or transmission/distribution grid
conditions. Generation equipment is controlled according to the open-ended (uncontrolled) demand of the
consumer.
Today we are faced with an increase of energy consumption, this is directly connected to an increase of CO
production. The increased CO density in the atmosphere supports the climate warming of the earth.
One significant way to cope with the increased energy consumption without increasing the CO production is to
use more renewable energy resources.
Unfortunately, the available renewable energy supply is not aligned with the energy demand. To increase
efficiency, the energy demand should be aligned as much as possible with the available energy supply. To
reach this goal communication between the various equipment and systems of the stakeholders within the
energy field is necessary. This grid, exchanging information and energy between producers, consumers,
distributors and metering is known as the “Smart Grid”.
The EN 50491-12 series describes aspects of this smart grid that relate specifically to the premises
(home/building) part of the smart grid, including the common interface between equipment in the premises and
the smart grid.
1 Scope
This document specifies General Requirements and Architecture of an application layer interface between the
Customer Energy Manager (CEM) and Smart Devices (SD) operating within the smart grid premises-side
system (i.e. home or building but not industrial premises).
This document does not include requirements for:
– Safety;
– EMC;
– Data security; it is assumed that the underlying protocols will take the data security aspect into account;
NOTE Although data security is not within the scope of this standard, in Clause 4 some high-level design guidelines
for data security are provided.
– Special equipment (e.g. legacy heat pumps) with a direct physical connection to the grid, as such equipment
bypasses the CEM and is not HBES/BACS enabled (covered by other standards than the
EN 50491 series).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the
latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 50491-12, (all parts), General requirements for Home and Building Electronic Systems (HBES) and Building
Automation and Control Systems
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1.1
Customer Energy Manager
CEM
internal automation function for optimizing the energy consumption, production and storage within the premises
according to the preferences of the customer using internal flexibilities and typically based on external
information received through the Smart Grid Connection Point and possibly other data sources
3.1.2
Customer Energy Manager System
CEM system
allows the management of energy consumption, production and storage within the premises, consisting of a
CEM connected to one or more Resource Managers which themselves act as gateways to HBES / BACS, SASS
and / or Smart Appliances
3.1.3
Energy Management Gateway
EMG
access point (functional entity) sending and receiving smart grid related information and commands between
an actor in the Grid and the CEM, letting the CEM decide how to process the events
Note 1 to entry: The communication is often ensured through an internet connection.
3.1.4
Head End System
HES
system that receives metering data in the advanced metering infrastructure
3.1.5
Home and Building Electronic Systems / Building Automation Control Systems
HBES / BACS
logical group of devices which uses a multi-application communication system where the functions are
distributed and linked through a common communication process
Note 1 to entry: HBES/BACS is used in homes and buildings plus their surroundings. Functions of the system are e.g.:
switching, open loop controlling, closed loop controlling, monitoring and supervising.
Note 2 to entry: In literature, HBES/BACS may be referred also as “home control system/network“, „home electronic
systems” “building automation systems” etc.
Note 3 to entry: Examples of HBES/BACS applications are the management of lighting, heating, energy, water, fire alarms,
blinds, different forms of security, etc.”. See introduction in EN 50491–4-1.
3.1.6
schema
abstract model that documents and organizes the data required in a defined way, so it can be used for different
purposes such as exchanging and / or storing information
3.1.7
Local Network Access Point
LNAP
specific Network Interface controller between the Local Network (within the premises) and a system acting as
back-end for the metering communication, which controls and monitors the communication to metering devices
(instruments for measuring, memorizing data related to the consumption of commodity)
3.1.8
Meter Data Management
MDM
software system that performs long-term data storage and management for the vast quantities of data delivered
by smart metering systems
3.1.9
resource manager
software component that exclusively represents a logical group of devices or a single smart device, and is
responsible for sending unambiguous instructions to the logical group of devices or to a single device, typically
using a device-specific protocol
Note 1 to entry: In the context of this document the Resource Manager manages the energy flexibility of a logical group of
devices or a single smart device.
Note 2 to entry: The Resource Manager may be implemented in a special device, in the smart device itself or outside of
the device
3.1.10
Neighbourhood Network Access Point
NNAP
specialized Network Interface Controller between the Neighbourhood Network and Wide Area Network (WAN),
see CEN/CLC/ETSI TR 50572
3.1.11
premises
can be a public or private building/home where energy is used and/or produced
3.1.12
smart appliance
device that consumes energy that can be controlled by a Resource Manager, such as a washing machine, a
freezer, a dishwasher
3.1.13
Smart Device
SD
device that can consume, produce or store energy (or a combination thereof) and that can be controlled by a
Resource Manager for the purpose of energy management, such as a lighting controller, an electric vehicle, a
smart appliance, a renewable power source, an energy storage system
3.1.14
Smart Grid Connection Point
SGCP
physical and logical borderline / interface from the customer to the network/market or from the network/market
to the customer
Note 1 to entry: The SGCP can be implemented by one or more separate interfaces.
3.1.15
Smart meter gateway
SMG
interface between the premises and the metering network
Note 1 to entry: The SMG may have three interfaces, one to the HAN (Home Area Network), one to the LMN (Local
Metrological Network) which is the interface to the different meters and one interface to the WAN (Wide Area Network).
Note 2 to entry: The smart meter gateway can be a part of a meter.
3.1.16
Single Application Smart System
SASS
group of devices having a communication interface for a single application such as heating or lighting, that
consume, produce or store energy (or a combination thereof) and that can be controlled by a Resource Manager
for the purpose of energy management
3.1.17
aggregator
actor whose goal it is to maximize the value of flexibility, taking into account customer needs, economical
optimization and grid capacity
3.2 Abbreviations
BACS Building Automation Control Systems
CEM Customer Energy Manager
CHP Combined Heat and Power
DER Distributed Energy Resources
EMG Energy Management Gateway
H1 Local connection to simple external consumer display
H2 Connection between the SMG and EMG
HES Head End System
HBES Home and Building Electronic System
LNAP Local Network Access Point
MDM Meter Data Management
MCF Meter Communication Function
NNAP Neighbourhood Network Access Point
SASS Single Application Smart System
SD Smart Device
SGCG Smart Grid Co-ordination Group, reporting to CEN-CENELEC-ETSI and in charge of
answering the M/490 mandate
SGCP Smart Grid Connection Point
SMG Smart Meter Gateway
S1 Interface between Energy management gateway and CEM
S2 Interface between CEM and Resource Manager

4 Design considerations
4.1 General
For designing a system like the Smart Grid, some general design considerations have to be taken into account.
One important requirement for the Smart Grid is data security and data privacy.
4.2 Data security / privacy design guidelines
4.2.1 General
Data security and privacy should protect the system and keep the data private as much as possible.
Data security / privacy shall distinguish between the data security / privacy related to the Smart Grid side and
the data security / privacy within the Smart Grid premises side.
4.2.2 Data security / privacy on the smart grid side
It should not be possible to attack and impair the data. Data privacy can be achieved only by permitting the
exchange of aggregated energy management related data and / or private data for which the customer has
given permission to be used by a third party.
4.2.3 Data security / privacy on premises side
Data security / privacy on the premises side shall ensure that the data can only be read by authorized persons
and cannot be manipulated. Depending on the implementation of the system this can be reached with different
methods, for example:
– Data encryption and decryption;
– Constructive design (avoid that no one except authorized persons can gain access the devices and
communication channel).
4.2.4 Customer Energy Management System security
The security of the Customer Energy Manager System (CEMS) is linked to the number of connections between
the CEMS and the Neighbourhood Network. Every connection attempt between the CEMS and the
Neighbourhood Network shall be vetted to avoid unauthorized access to the CEMS. The more connections are
between the two networks then the more effort shall be spent for configuring of the different Firewalls and the
higher is the risk of security holes. Therefore, it is recommended to limit the connection points between the
CEMS and the Neighbourhood Network as much as possible. Ideally there is only one connection between the
CEMS and the Neighbourhood Network.
4.3 Device type agnostic energy management
While today there is a set of common devices and appliances (e.g. freezers, TV sets, electric bikes, …), the
data structures of the interface between the CEM and a Resource Manager should be designed in such a way
that even future device types can be correctly managed without the need to update the communication standard.
4.4 Clock alignment
The main task for a CEM is to manage energy, which basically are variations of (average) power over time. One
of the key CEM data structures is therefore a power profile and it makes “time” a central and very important
aspect.
“Time” seems like a trivial concept. Humans tend to think of “absolute” time in the form of a “date” plus a “24-
hour clock” information. But on a technical level it is not that trivial at all, because there are aspects like time
zones, different calendars, daylight saving time, leap seconds, hardware clock drift and the overall question of
how to actually synchronize multiple clocks to a desired type and precision of alignment.
This is why the CEM architecture shall incorporate a concept of clock alignment with a well-defined master clock
and time synchronization rules and procedures.
5 Background
The traditional model of the grid will lead to increased inefficiencies as electricity energy consumption and the
connection of distributed (renewable) energy resource equipment is increased.
In order to combat these problems, the architecture of traditional grids is being extended to include remote
control of distributed loads and energy resources, requiring bi-directional communication. This is the “Smart
Grid”.
Smart grids rely on flexibility in energy production and/or consumption to compensate for imbalance and
congestion in the grid, for example caused by:
– Increasing electricity demand by electric vehicle charging;
– Increasing numbers of renewable energy sources that are far less predictable/controllable than traditional
power plants.
The use of devices and equipment in homes and buildings that are able to control their energy consumption or
generation (either locally or remotely) greatly enhances the flexibility capability of a smart grid.
Energy flexibility can be defined as the ability to willingly deviate from the normal energy production and/or
consumption pattern over time and/or by power level. This flexibility may be used by third parties to help alleviate
imbalance or congestion.
Third parties will use different incentive schemes to unlock the flexibility potential, such as time of day pricing,
real time pricing, feed-in tariffs and variable grid tariffs. These incentives should somehow be mapped to the
capabilities of smart devices in order to deliver energy flexibility.

Figure 1 — Future Electricity Network
The Smart Grid Architecture Model (SGAM) was developed by the CEN-CENELEC-ETSI Smart Grid
Coordination Group in order to provide a general representation of the architecture of a smart grid. It is used
here in order to show the scope of this specification within the general context of the smart grid.
The SGAM incorporates the main elements of the electricity energy supply system as a set of Domains. Each
Domain is further split into hierarchical levels of power system management, referred to as Zones, ranging from
Process to Market. Finally, five interoperable layers are mapped over the Domains and Zones. More
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